CN209858601U - Rotating speed measuring system based on Hall sensor - Google Patents
Rotating speed measuring system based on Hall sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN209858601U CN209858601U CN201920341499.0U CN201920341499U CN209858601U CN 209858601 U CN209858601 U CN 209858601U CN 201920341499 U CN201920341499 U CN 201920341499U CN 209858601 U CN209858601 U CN 209858601U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor for measure motor M rotational speed, include: the device comprises a Hall sensing unit, a control unit, a photoelectric coupling unit, a clock unit and a reset unit; the Hall sensing unit is connected between the motor M and the photoelectric coupling unit, the clock unit and the reset unit are respectively and electrically connected with the control unit; the control unit comprises a singlechip. The sensitive element is a Hall sensor, and has the advantages of reliability, sensitivity, small and light volume, no contact, no abrasion, low energy consumption, frequency response block, strong anti-interference capability and the like. The motor can convert a rotation signal of the motor into a pulse signal, the counting can be completed by a counter and a timer inside the single chip microcomputer after the signal processing, the rotating speed is displayed through an LCD, the internal resource of the single chip microcomputer is simply and reasonably utilized, and the cost performance is high. And its velocity measurement range is also very wide. Meanwhile, the measurement error of the system is less than 5%, and the higher the rotating speed is, the lower the error is, and the higher the precision is.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a motor measurement and control technical field especially but not extravagant relate to a rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor.
Background
In practice, it is often necessary to measure the speed of the motor, such as the motor in the automobile industry, the generator in the power generation field, and the motor of other industrial machinery. Hall sensor has small in size, light in weight, and long service life can measure advantages such as arbitrary waveform to and the appearance of the singlechip of superior performance, make and carry out the emulation measurement of rotational speed with Hall sensor and singlechip and obtain more and more extensive application, but among the prior art process, Hall sensor measurement rotational speed system on the one hand, power consumption is big and with high costs, and on the other hand, signal acquisition disturbs greatly, and measurement accuracy is unsatisfactory.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rotation speed measuring system based on hall sensors. The method is used for solving the problems that a Hall sensor system for measuring the rotating speed in the prior art is large in power consumption, high in cost and unsatisfactory in measurement accuracy.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, including:
the utility model provides a rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor for measure motor M rotational speed, include: the device comprises a Hall sensing unit, a control unit, a photoelectric coupling unit, a clock unit and a reset unit; the Hall sensing unit is connected between the motor M and the photoelectric coupling unit, the clock unit and the reset unit are respectively and electrically connected with the control unit; the control unit comprises a singlechip; the Hall sensing unit comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first potentiometer RV1, a diode D1, a first triode Q1, a Hall sensor U1, a first detection terminal a and a second detection terminal b; the GND end of the Hall sensor U1 is grounded, the VO end of the Hall sensor U1 is connected with one end of the third resistor R3, and the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1 is connected with an external power supply; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1, and the other end is connected with a ground source; the other end of the third resistor R3 and the base of the first triode Q1, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is grounded, and the collector of the first triode Q1 is connected with the photoelectric coupling unit; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the photoelectric coupling unit, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the VO end of the Hall sensor U1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; both ends of the fourth capacitor C4 are connected to the first detection terminal a and the second detection terminal b, respectively; one fixed resistance end of the first potentiometer RV1 is connected with the first detection terminal a, and the other fixed resistance end and the variable resistance end of the first potentiometer RV1 are both connected with the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1; two ends of the first resistor R1 are respectively connected with the VO end of the Hall sensor U1 and the anode of the diode D1; two ends of the second resistor R2 are respectively connected to the cathode of the diode D1 and the collector of the first transistor Q1.
Preferably, the photocoupler unit includes a photocoupler UF, a first inverter U2A, a second inverter U2B, and a fifth resistor R5; the first inverter U2A, the second inverter U2B and the fifth resistor R5 are sequentially connected in series and then connected to a third pin of the photocoupler UF, and a second pin and a seventh pin of the photocoupler UF are respectively connected to an external power supply; and a sixth pin of the photoelectric coupler UF is connected with the singlechip.
Preferably, the clock unit includes a crystal oscillator X1, a fourth capacitor C4, and a fifth capacitor C5; one end of the crystal oscillator X1 is connected with an input pin of the internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 is connected with an output pin of the internal clock of the singlechip; one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected with an input pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected with an output pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded.
Preferably, the reset unit includes a sixth resistor R6 and a sixth capacitor C6; one end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with an input power supply, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with a reset pin of the singlechip; one end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with a reset pin of the singlechip.
Preferably, the device further comprises a display unit, wherein the display unit comprises an LCD display screen and a second potentiometer RV 2; two fixed resistance ends of the second potentiometer RV2 are respectively connected with an external power supply and the ground; the variable resistance end of the second potentiometer RV2 is connected with the power supply input end of the LCD screen; the power input end of the LCD screen is connected with an external power supply, and the low-voltage end of the LCD screen is grounded; and the output pin of the singlechip is respectively connected with the corresponding pin of the LCD display screen.
Preferably, the display unit further comprises a resistor, a first pin of the resistor is connected with an external power supply, and the rest pins are connected with corresponding pins on the single chip microcomputer one by one.
Preferably, the alarm device further comprises an alarm unit, wherein the alarm unit comprises a seventh resistor R7, a second triode Q2 and a buzzer F; the positive electrode of the buzzer F is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode Q2, and the negative electrode of the buzzer F is grounded; the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with an external power supply; one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the singlechip, and the other end is connected with the base electrode of the second triode Q2.
Preferably, the control unit is an AT89C51 singlechip.
Preferably, the hall sensor is an a3144E switch type hall sensor.
As above, according to the utility model provides a pair of rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor, it is fast to have a measuring speed, and the higher advantage of precision has overcome the not enough of preceding mechanical measurement motor, not only can be used for ordinary machinery and electrical control's rotational speed measurement in-process, also is applicable to other and requires the accurate higher system of rotational speed measurement. Meanwhile, the sensitive element is a Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor has the advantages of reliability, sensitivity, small and light volume, no contact and abrasion, low energy consumption, frequency response block, strong anti-interference capability and the like. The motor can convert a rotation signal of the motor into a pulse signal, the counting can be completed by a counter and a timer inside the single chip microcomputer after the signal processing, the rotating speed is displayed through an LCD, the internal resource of the single chip microcomputer is simply and reasonably utilized, and the cost performance is high. And its velocity measurement range is also very wide. Meanwhile, the measurement error of the system is less than 5%, and the higher the rotating speed is, the lower the error is, and the higher the precision is.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a logic block schematic diagram of a hall sensor-based speed measurement system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows as the utility model discloses in circuit structure schematic diagram among the rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor.
Fig. 3 shows that the circuit structure schematic diagram of the hall sensing unit in the rotating speed measuring system based on the hall sensor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses an embodiment provides a rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor. The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention and is provided in the context of a patent application and its requirements.
Various modifications to the preferred embodiments herein and the generic principles and features described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features described herein.
Embodiments of the present disclosure are explained with reference to fig. 1 to 3. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic manner, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and ratio of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic logic block diagram of a hall sensor-based speed measurement system according to the present invention. Fig. 2 shows as the utility model discloses in circuit structure schematic diagram among the rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor. Fig. 3 shows that the circuit structure schematic diagram of the hall sensing unit in the rotating speed measuring system based on the hall sensor of the present invention. The utility model provides a rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor for measure motor M rotational speed, include: the device comprises a Hall sensing unit, a control unit, a photoelectric coupling unit, a clock unit and a reset unit; the Hall sensing unit is connected between the motor M and the photoelectric coupling unit, the clock unit and the reset unit are respectively and electrically connected with the control unit; the control unit comprises a singlechip; in a preferred embodiment, the control unit is an AT89C51 single chip microcomputer.
The Hall sensing unit comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first potentiometer RV1, a diode D1, a first triode Q1, a Hall sensor U1, a first detection terminal a and a second detection terminal b;
the GND end of the Hall sensor U1 is grounded, the VO end of the Hall sensor U1 is connected with one end of a third resistor R3, and the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1 is connected with an external power supply; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1, and the other end is connected with a ground source; the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of the first triode Q1, the emitter electrode of the first triode Q1 is grounded, and the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected with the photoelectric coupling unit; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the photoelectric coupling unit, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the VO end of the Hall sensor U1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; both ends of the fourth capacitor C4 are connected to the first detection terminal a and the second detection terminal b, respectively; one fixed resistance end of the first potentiometer RV1 is connected with a first detection terminal a, and the other fixed resistance end and the variable resistance end of the first potentiometer RV1 are both connected with the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1; two ends of the first resistor R1 are respectively connected with the VO end of the Hall sensor U1 and the anode of the diode D1; two ends of the second resistor R2 are respectively connected to the cathode of the diode D1 and the collector of the first transistor Q1.
The motor is a driving mechanism in the industrial production process, is an object needing to test the rotating speed, and is widely applied to common mechanical parts and electrical control parts. The hall sensor may output the mechanical rotation of the motor as a pulse signal. When the motor rotates, each circle of the Hall sensor can be influenced by the magnetic steel to output a corresponding pulse signal, and the pulse number of the single chip microcomputer entering the motor in the above and the following detailed description is the rotating speed of the motor. The utility model discloses a frequency measurement method in hall sensor's pulse count, promptly, survey pulse signal's frequency, realize the measurement of rotational speed. Because the frequency has the repeated regularity and is in direct proportion to the rotating speed, the measuring frequency is wide, the obtained signal is accurate and stable, and the measured rotating speed is accurate. Specifically, the number of generated pulses is measured for a certain measurement time to measure the rotational speed. The formula is as follows:
n＝(60×F)/(t×p)
n is the measured rotational speed (rpm); f is the number of generated pulses; t is the timing time (seconds); p is the number of pulses generated per revolution of the object.
The rotating speed measuring process of the Hall sensing unit comprises the following steps: firstly, a piece of magnetic steel is attached to the circumferential edge of a rotating shaft of a motor M, a Hall sensor is close to the magnetic steel and coaxial with the rotating motor M, then after the motor M rotates for one circle, a corresponding pulse number can be generated on the Hall sensor, the pulse number is output by an output circuit of the sensor and is converted into a counting pulse which can be counted by a counter in a singlechip through photoelectric coupling, and the counting time of the counting pulse can be controlled by a timer in the singlechip so as to realize corresponding rotating speed and be displayed on a display screen. If the rotating speed exceeds the specified rotating speed, the alarm circuit gives an alarm. Meanwhile, the positive 12V voltage output by the Hall sensor can be reduced to the required positive 5V voltage through the photoelectric coupler, the logic level of the pin of the single chip microcomputer is kept consistent, and the requirement of a system is met
The utility model discloses an among the hall sensing unit, first detection terminal a and second detection terminal b link to each other with motor M's current input end and current output end respectively. The Hall sensor is a switch type Hall sensor, preferably an A3144E switch type Hall sensor, which has small size, convenient use and low price compared with a bipolar Hall sensor. Just the utility model discloses an among the hall sensing unit, can turn into pulse signal through hall sensor with motor M's rotational speed on the one hand. The other is a photoelectric coupling part which isolates the pulse signal from the counting signal of the singlechip so as to reduce other related interference and ensure that the result is more accurate. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 in the hall sensing unit are used for filtering the waveform peak of the hall sensor, and the fourth capacitor C4 is used for filtering the power peak. The first resistor R1 is a pull-up resistor, is clamped at a high level through a resistor, is connected to a base pin of the first triode Q1 to amplify the type of the triode, and the third resistor R3 on the base is used for limiting the current and protecting the amplifier. The diode D1 is a light emitting diode, which is convenient for observation, and when it emits light, the first triode Q1 conducts the output signal, and there is no output when it does not emit light. And the second resistor R2 is used to protect the diode D1. The potentiometer RV1 is used to divide the voltage of the motor M to increase or decrease the speed of the motor M. The third capacitor C3 connected to the output end of the Hall sensor unit has the function of preventing the pulse waveform output by the whole Hall sensor unit from sudden change through the self-storage capacity.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the photocoupler unit includes a photocoupler UF, a first inverter U2A, a second inverter U2B, and a fifth resistor R5; the first reverser U2A, the second reverser U2B and the fifth resistor R5 are sequentially connected in series and then connected with a third pin of the photoelectric coupler UF, and a second pin and a seventh pin of the photoelectric coupler UF are respectively connected with an external power supply; and a sixth pin of the photoelectric coupler UF is connected with the singlechip.
In this embodiment, the photocoupler UF is an electro-optical/photoelectric conversion device including a light source and a receiver which are not in contact with each other and are located in the same sealed space. Among them, the light emitting diode is commonly used as the input light source, and the photodiode and the triode are used as the receiving output end for output. An electrically coupled device is a device that combines light emitting devices to light sensing devices by coupling of electricity to light and then electricity. When the photoelectric coupler inputs signals, the intensity of light is determined by the excitation current of the photoelectric coupler, the Hall sensor outputs electric signals to enable the light emitting diode to be conducted and emit light, the light receiver receives the electric signals generated by the photoelectric effect and then amplifies and outputs the electric signals, and the process realizes the conversion between the electro-optic and the photoelectric and plays a role in isolation. And because of the isolation and transmission unidirectionality, the photoelectric coupler has good electrical insulation and interference resistance. There is also a deficiency in that as the usage time increases and the transmission ratio decreases, failure may occur, so that sufficient drive current is also provided to prevent this. The photoelectric couplers are of various types such as a photodiode, a three-stage type, and a photoresistor type. The sixth pin of the controlled output terminal of the photocoupler UF is self-selectable and controlled by the seventh pin, and when the output of the seventh pin is 0, the output of the sixth pin is 0 and is not controlled. The sixth pin is controlled only when the seventh pin output is 1. The third pin is a control end, when a pulse signal is input, the light-emitting diode is connected with current to emit light, the photosensitive element generates current after receiving light to conduct the photosensitive element, the current is input to the external counting input end of the timer of the single chip microcomputer through the sixth pin, and then the current is processed by the single chip microcomputer. Because the pulse signal output by the Hall sensing unit is a digital signal, filtering can be carried out only by carrying out reverse operation twice, and a required signal is obtained. Therefore, two first and second inverters U2A and U2B are provided in the photocoupling unit to perform the above-described functions. Preferably, the first inverter U2A and the second inverter U2B are only 74LS14 inverters, which have 14 pins: the input end is an A end, the output end is a Y end, 6 paths of one chip are totally arranged, wherein 7 ends are grounding ends, 14 ends are power supply ends, and the remaining 12 pins form 6 paths. Its output and input are opposite. That is, if a low level is input, a high level is output. If the input is high, the output is low.
Further, the clock unit includes a crystal oscillator X1, a fourth capacitor C4, and a fifth capacitor C5; one end of the crystal oscillator X1 is connected with an input pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 is connected with an output pin of the internal clock of the singlechip; one end of a fourth capacitor C4 is connected with an input pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected with an output pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end is grounded. The clock circuit controls the operation of the internal circuit of the singlechip, so that the singlechip strictly and orderly works, the speed and the like of a singlechip system can be influenced, and the clock circuit is a control signal required by the singlechip in the work. There are usually two clock modes of operation, internal and external. The internal clock is an oscillator formed by an inverting amplifier which inputs and outputs through input and output pins XTAL1 and XTAL2, and a stable free running oscillator is formed by connecting a crystal oscillator X1, a fourth capacitor C4 and a fifth capacitor C5. The design of the rotating speed system uses an internal clock mode, namely a clock mode. The capacitance of the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 of the circuit is usually selected to be 30Pf, and the crystal oscillator X1 is usually a 12FHz quartz crystal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reset unit includes a sixth resistor R6 and a sixth capacitor C6; one end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with an input power supply, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with a reset pin of the singlechip; one end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with a reset pin of the singlechip. The single chip microcomputer is reset through an external reset circuit when being started and operated, and registers in the single chip microcomputer are initialized to start from an initial state. When the single chip microcomputer makes an error or enters a dead loop, the single chip microcomputer can be restarted. The reset method comprises two types of manual reset and automatic power-on reset of the external key. The single chip microcomputer is provided with a RESET key RESET and is effective at a high level. After the clock circuit operates, the system is RESET internally when the external circuit causes the RESET terminal to have a high level higher than two machine cycles (24 clock cycles). The external power supply adopts a 5V power supply, and charges the sixth capacitor C6 through a loop of the sixth resistor R6 and the sixth capacitor C6. Since the reset unit is connected with the RST pin of the AT89C51 singlechip, a short-time high-level signal is given to the RST pin, and the signal slowly decreases with the increase of the time for charging the capacitor by the power supply, that is, the longer the capacitor is charged, the slower the reset is, that is, the time for the occurrence of the high level on the RST pin of the singlechip is determined by the charging time of the capacitor, and the reset time can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the resistor and the capacitor. In addition to power-on reset, an external manual key reset may be set as required, in which after the reset key is pressed, the voltage is divided by two resistors, and a high level is generated on a reset pin RST to reset, where the reset time is determined by the time when the key is pressed.
Further, the device also comprises a display unit, wherein the display unit comprises an LCD display screen and a second potentiometer RV 2; two fixed resistance ends of the second potentiometer RV2 are respectively connected with an external power supply and the ground; the variable resistance end of the second potentiometer RV2 is connected with the power supply input end of the LCD screen; the power input end of the LCD screen is connected with an external power supply, and the low-voltage end is grounded; and the output pins of the singlechip are respectively connected with the corresponding pins of the LCD display screen. In this embodiment, the LCD display screen adopts 1602LCD, and the p1.0, p1.1 and p1.2 pins of the AT89C51 singlechip are respectively connected with the 3 pins of RS, R/W and E of 1602LCD, and the read/write operation control of 1602LCD can be realized only by setting 1 or 0 to the 3 pins through an instruction. The p0 port of the single chip is connected with D0-D7 of 1602LCD for transmitting commands or data. Specifically, the process of displaying characters on the LCD is to read the busy flag, then write the command, then write the display characters, and finally display the desired characters. When a desired character is displayed on the 1602LCD, the corresponding ASCII code is written into the register for displaying data, and the corresponding ASCII code character is displayed on the LCD under the internal control. However, the relevant registers and the like are initialized before the content is displayed, and the movement of the cursor, the flicker or the like is also set so as to achieve the required display effect. The single chip microcomputer completes initialization, read-write operation, related setting of a cursor, setting of a display content pointer and the like of the display by writing commands to the display, and then the corresponding characters are automatically converted and displayed through the internal controller, wherein the corresponding characters are the rotating speed. Preferably, the display unit further comprises a resistor, a first pin of the resistor is connected with an external power supply, and the rest pins are connected with corresponding pins on the singlechip one by one. The resistor array is formed by connecting a plurality of resistors side by side, has a common end, and is more convenient and simpler than the single separated resistor connection, namely the resistor array element can be connected. Pin 1 of the resistor array is connected with other resistors 2-9 of the power supply in parallel and is respectively connected with pins corresponding to ports p0 of the single chip microcomputer, namely p0.0-p 0.7.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises an alarm unit, wherein the alarm unit comprises a seventh resistor R7, a second triode Q2 and a buzzer F; the positive electrode of the buzzer F is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode Q2, and the negative electrode of the buzzer F is grounded; the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with an external power supply; one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the singlechip, and the other end is connected with the base of the second triode Q2. Generally, a buzzer is an integrated electronic buzzer, which is powered by a direct current voltage, is widely used in sound production equipment of various modern electronic products, and is used in many industrial projects to prompt or give an alarm. The buzzer principle is that current passes through an electromagnetic coil, a magnetic field is generated by the electromagnetic coil to enable a sound vibration diaphragm to vibrate and make a sound, the normal working current of the buzzer is high, the actual TTL (transistor) at the I/O (input/output) end of a single chip microcomputer cannot drive the buzzer to work, and therefore a current amplifier (a second triode Q2 in the embodiment) needs to be added to enable the buzzer to send an alarm through the high current. In this embodiment, a timer is used to periodically invert the level to meet the frequency waveform requirements of the buzzer of the alarm device, and the buzzer can be made to give an alarm by the waveform. The positive pole of the buzzer F is connected with the collector of the second triode Q2, and the negative pole is grounded. The base of the second triode Q2 is connected to the p2.0 pin of the single chip microcomputer (here, one of the pins can be selected at will) through a seventh resistor R7. The singlechip is controlled by a corresponding program, when the pin passes through a high level, the second triode Q2 is conducted, and the buzzer F works to give an alarm; when the pin passes through the low level, the second triode Q2 is not conducted, and the buzzer F loses power and does not give an alarm. The seventh resistor R7 connected between the base of the second triode Q2 and the pin p2.0 of the I/O port of the singlechip is used for preventing the device from being damaged due to overlarge voltage.
To sum up, the utility model provides a pair of rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor through hall sensor, changes the revolution signal of motor into pulse signal, can accomplish the count by the inside counter of singlechip and timer after signal processing to through LCD demonstration rotational speed, simple and the inside resource of singlechip has obtained reasonable utilization, the sexual valence relative altitude. And its velocity measurement range is also very wide. Meanwhile, the measurement error of the system is less than 5%, when the rotating speed is higher, the error is lower, the precision is higher, the measurement speed is high, the defects of the conventional mechanical measurement motor are overcome, and the method can be used in the common mechanical and electrical control rotating speed measurement process and is also suitable for other systems requiring high rotating speed measurement precision.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rotational speed measurement system based on hall sensor for measure motor M rotational speed, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a Hall sensing unit, a control unit, a photoelectric coupling unit, a clock unit and a reset unit; the Hall sensing unit is connected between the motor M and the photoelectric coupling unit, the clock unit and the reset unit are respectively and electrically connected with the control unit; the control unit comprises a singlechip;
the Hall sensing unit comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first potentiometer RV1, a diode D1, a first triode Q1, a Hall sensor U1, a first detection terminal a and a second detection terminal b;
the GND end of the Hall sensor U1 is grounded, the VO end of the Hall sensor U1 is connected with one end of the third resistor R3, and the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1 is connected with an external power supply; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1, and the other end is connected with a ground source; the other end of the third resistor R3 and the base of the first triode Q1, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is grounded, and the collector of the first triode Q1 is connected with the photoelectric coupling unit; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the photoelectric coupling unit, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the VO end of the Hall sensor U1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; both ends of the fourth capacitor C4 are connected to the first detection terminal a and the second detection terminal b, respectively; one fixed resistance end of the first potentiometer RV1 is connected with the first detection terminal a, and the other fixed resistance end and the variable resistance end of the first potentiometer RV1 are both connected with the VCC end of the Hall sensor U1; two ends of the first resistor R1 are respectively connected with the VO end of the Hall sensor U1 and the anode of the diode D1; two ends of the second resistor R2 are respectively connected to the cathode of the diode D1 and the collector of the first transistor Q1.
2. The hall sensor based speed measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the photocoupler unit comprises a photocoupler UF, a first inverter U2A, a second inverter U2B and a fifth resistor R5;
the first inverter U2A, the second inverter U2B and the fifth resistor R5 are sequentially connected in series and then connected to a third pin of the photocoupler UF, and a second pin and a seventh pin of the photocoupler UF are respectively connected to an external power supply; and a sixth pin of the photoelectric coupler UF is connected with the singlechip.
3. The hall sensor based tachometer system of claim 1 wherein the clock unit comprises a crystal oscillator X1, a fourth capacitor C4 and a fifth capacitor C5; one end of the crystal oscillator X1 is connected with an input pin of the internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 is connected with an output pin of the internal clock of the singlechip; one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected with an input pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected with an output pin of an internal clock of the singlechip, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded.
4. The hall sensor based tachometer system of claim 1, wherein the reset unit comprises a sixth resistor R6 and a sixth capacitor C6; one end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with an input power supply, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with a reset pin of the singlechip; one end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with a reset pin of the singlechip.
5. The hall sensor based tachometer system of claim 1 further comprising a display unit comprising an LCD display screen and a second potentiometer RV 2; two fixed resistance ends of the second potentiometer RV2 are respectively connected with an external power supply and the ground; the variable resistance end of the second potentiometer RV2 is connected with the power supply input end of the LCD screen; the power input end of the LCD screen is connected with an external power supply, and the low-voltage end of the LCD screen is grounded; and the output pin of the singlechip is respectively connected with the corresponding pin of the LCD display screen.
6. The Hall sensor based speed measuring system according to claim 5, wherein the display unit further comprises a resistor, a first pin of the resistor is connected with an external power supply, and the remaining pins are connected with corresponding pins on the single chip microcomputer one by one.
7. The hall sensor based tachometer system of claim 1 further comprising an alarm unit comprising a seventh resistor R7, a second transistor Q2 and a buzzer F;
the positive electrode of the buzzer F is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode Q2, and the negative electrode of the buzzer F is grounded; the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with an external power supply; one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the singlechip, and the other end is connected with the base electrode of the second triode Q2.
8. The hall sensor based speed measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the control unit is an AT89C51 single chip microcomputer.
9. The hall sensor based speed measurement system according to any of the claims 1 to 7 wherein the hall sensor is a3144E switching hall sensor.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113159263A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-23 | 廊坊新奥智能科技有限公司 | Metering method based on photoelectric sensor and Hall sensor |
| CN114295153A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-08 | 上海致景信息科技有限公司 | Warp knitting machine yield sampler and sampling method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113159263A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-23 | 廊坊新奥智能科技有限公司 | Metering method based on photoelectric sensor and Hall sensor |
| CN114295153A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-08 | 上海致景信息科技有限公司 | Warp knitting machine yield sampler and sampling method |
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