CN209857310U - Interval waste heat utilization system of subway in severe cold area - Google Patents
Interval waste heat utilization system of subway in severe cold area Download PDFInfo
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- CN209857310U CN209857310U CN201920389781.6U CN201920389781U CN209857310U CN 209857310 U CN209857310 U CN 209857310U CN 201920389781 U CN201920389781 U CN 201920389781U CN 209857310 U CN209857310 U CN 209857310U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a waste heat utilization system between subway sections in severe cold areas, which comprises a first exhaust air shaft, a second exhaust air shaft and a fresh air shaft; one end of the first exhaust air shaft is communicated with an outdoor exhaust air pavilion, and the other end of the first exhaust air shaft is connected with an outdoor unit of the direct expansion unit through a first exhaust fan and then connected to an interval tunnel; one end of the second air exhaust air shaft is connected with the first air exhaust air shaft, and the other end of the second air exhaust air shaft is connected with the heat pipe heat exchanger through a second air exhaust fan and then connected to the interval tunnel; the fresh air shaft is led in from an outdoor fresh air pavilion, is connected to an indoor unit of the direct expansion unit through a heat pipe exchanger, and is connected with a station air supply pipe and a station air supply outlet; the indoor unit of the direct expansion unit is connected with the outdoor unit of the direct expansion unit through a refrigerant pipe. The system utilizes the soil heat in the interval tunnel and the waste heat generated by train braking to the maximum extent, improves the station temperature, can well solve the problem of low station temperature in winter in severe cold areas, can also improve the air quality of the station, and greatly saves energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a subway ventilation accuse temperature technical field, concretely relates to cold region subway interval waste heat utilization system.
Background
The subway train can give out a large amount of brake heat in the process of entering the station, and the temperature is high outdoors, and the main contradiction needing to be solved by the urban subway environmental control system in southern areas is the temperature reduction temperature of the subway station and the subway section in summer.
However, in severe cold areas, the climate is cool in summer, the contradiction is not so prominent, but the area is long in winter and extremely low in temperature, and the thermal environment control of stations and sections in winter in the area becomes extremely important due to the action of piston wind formed in the running process of trains. In severe cold areas, the temperature of stations and sections is generally low in winter, the requirement of thermal comfort of human bodies is not met, pipeline equipment in partial areas is frozen, and great risks are brought to safe operation of subways.
In order to improve the subway station and interval thermal environment of the area, for example, a closed system is adopted when the subway runs in winter, a safety door is changed into a shielding door, and a door curtain or a hot air curtain is assumed at an entrance and an exit to improve the temperature of the station and the interval.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing an interval used heat utilization system of severe cold area subway, this system can utilize the waste heat that soil and train braking produced in the tunnel for the many steps for heating the new trend, replenishing heat and new trend for the station as required, solve severe cold area subway thermal environment winter with this.
The utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts does:
the utility model provides an interval waste heat utilization system of severe cold district subway which characterized in that:
the system comprises a first exhaust air shaft, a second exhaust air shaft and a fresh air shaft;
one end of the first exhaust air shaft is communicated with an outdoor exhaust air pavilion, and the other end of the first exhaust air shaft is connected with an outdoor unit of the direct expansion unit through a first exhaust fan and then connected to an interval tunnel;
one end of the second air exhaust air shaft is connected with the first air exhaust air shaft, and the other end of the second air exhaust air shaft is connected with the heat pipe heat exchanger through a second air exhaust fan and then connected to the interval tunnel;
the fresh air shaft is led in from an outdoor fresh air pavilion, is connected to an indoor unit of the direct expansion unit through a heat pipe exchanger, and is connected with a station air supply pipe and a station air supply outlet;
the indoor unit of the direct expansion unit is connected with the outdoor unit of the direct expansion unit through a refrigerant pipe.
The air outlet end of the first exhaust air shaft and the air inlet end of the fresh air shaft are both provided with silencers.
Electric air valves are arranged between the first exhaust air shaft and the first exhaust fan, between the first exhaust air shaft and the second exhaust air shaft, between the fresh air shaft and the heat pipe exchanger, between the outdoor unit of the direct expansion unit and the interval tunnel, and between the indoor unit of the direct expansion unit and the interval tunnel.
The indoor unit of the direct expansion unit and the outdoor unit of the direct expansion unit are both arranged in the machine room.
And the station air supply pipe and the station air supply outlet are arranged on the platform and the station hall in the station.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following:
when the subway runs in winter in severe cold areas, because the outdoor temperature is extremely low, the closed running mode is usually executed by closing the piston air valve and opening the circuitous air duct air valve. The mode can obviously improve the interval temperature, so that the interval temperature is kept slightly higher than the soil temperature, the heat pipe type heat exchanger is utilized to enable outdoor cold air and hot air in the tunnel to exchange heat to improve the fresh air temperature, and then the fresh air temperature is further improved by heating through an indoor unit of the direct expansion unit; the waste heat in the tunnel is utilized to provide a good working environment for the outdoor unit of the direct expansion machine, the heating performance coefficient of the direct expansion machine can be greatly improved, and the electric consumption is further reduced. The system has the main advantages that the temperature and the air quality of the station can be improved, the waste heat of the tunnel can be utilized in a stepped mode, the fresh air quantity and the heating quantity can be automatically adjusted according to the indoor air quality and the indoor air temperature, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of outdoor temperature change under a calculation example.
Fig. 2 shows the station temperature. (a) Is a station hall and (b) is a station platform.
FIG. 3 shows the station CO2And (4) concentration. (a) Is a station hall and (b) is a station platform.
Fig. 4 shows the air temperature in the tunnel.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the coefficient of performance of a typical direct expansion unit.
Fig. 6 is a system structure diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a first exhaust air shaft, 2, a fresh air shaft, 3, a first exhaust fan, 4, a second exhaust fan, 5, a heat pipe exchanger, 6-1, a direct expansion unit outdoor unit, 6-2, a direct expansion unit indoor unit, 7, a station blast pipe, 8, a station blast port, 9, a door curtain on an inlet and outlet channel, 10, a second exhaust air shaft, 11, CO2Concentration sensor, 12, temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The utility model relates to an interval waste heat utilization system of severe cold area subway, the system includes first air exhaust air shaft 1, second air exhaust air shaft 10 and new trend air shaft 2. One end of the first exhaust air shaft 1 is communicated with an outdoor exhaust air pavilion, and the other end of the first exhaust air shaft is connected with an outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit through a first exhaust fan 3 and then connected to an interval tunnel. One end of the second exhaust air shaft 10 is connected with the first exhaust air shaft 1, and the other end is connected with the heat pipe heat exchanger 5 through the second exhaust fan 4 and then connected to the interval tunnel. The fresh air shaft 2 is led in from an outdoor fresh air pavilion, is connected to the indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit through the heat pipe exchanger 5, and is connected with a station air supply pipe 7 and a station air supply outlet 8. And the station air supply pipe 7 and the station air supply outlet 8 are arranged on the platform and the station hall in the station. The indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit is connected with the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit through a refrigerant pipe, and the indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit and the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit are both arranged in the machine room.
The air outlet end of the first exhaust air shaft 1 and the air inlet end of the fresh air shaft 2 are both provided with silencers, so that the noise caused by the operation of a fan is reduced.
Electric air valves are arranged between the first exhaust air shaft 1 and the first exhaust fan 3, between the first exhaust air shaft 1 and the second exhaust air shaft 10, between the fresh air shaft 2 and the heat pipe exchanger 5, between the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit and the interval tunnel, and between the indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit and the interval tunnel, so that the adjustment and control in operation are facilitated.
And door curtains are arranged on the access and exit channels of the subway station to further preserve the heat of the indoor environment.
The operation method of the subway section waste heat utilization system in the severe cold region is realized by the following steps:
in winter, a piston air valve on a piston air shaft in a station is closed, a circuitous air valve on a circuitous air channel on an uplink and a downlink is opened, and a closed operation mode is adopted;
then, a first exhaust fan 3 and a second exhaust fan 4 are started, a direct expansion unit indoor unit 6-2 and a direct expansion unit outdoor unit 6-1 are started, fresh air is heated by hot air in the tunnel through a heat pipe exchanger 5, then is heated again through the direct expansion unit indoor unit 6-2, and then is sent to a station through a station air supply pipe 7 and a station air supply outlet 8 to supplement heat and fresh air for the station;
the hot air in the tunnel is introduced into the heat pipe heat exchanger 5 through the suction action of the second exhaust fan 4, heats the fresh air introduced into the heat pipe heat exchanger 5, and then is exhausted to the outside through the first exhaust air shaft 1;
hot air in the interval tunnel is sucked to the machine room through the first exhaust fan 3 to improve the working temperature of the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit and the heating performance coefficient of the outdoor unit, and then is exhausted to the outside through the first exhaust air shaft 1;
the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit is connected with the indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit through a refrigerant pipe to provide heat for the indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit so as to heat fresh air passing through the heat pipe ventilator 5.
Is internally provided with CO2Concentration sensor 11 according to station CO2The air supply quantity of the indoor unit 6-2 of the direct expansion unit is controlled by the concentration when the concentration is CO2When the concentration exceeds 1500ppm, the air supply quantity of the fan is increased, and vice versa. A temperature sensor 12 is arranged in the station, the heating quantity of the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit is controlled according to the station temperature, the temperature is lower than 12 ℃, the heating quantity of the outdoor unit 6-1 of the direct expansion unit is increased, and vice versa.
In the above apparatus:
the direct expansion unit is an air conditioning unit which directly completes heat exchange with air to be treated through a refrigerant and does not pass through secondary heat exchange in the middle. When this unit heats winter, the inspiratory air temperature of off-premises station is higher, and efficiency is higher, and the model is like: type ZRF, type WRF.
The heat pipe heat exchanger has the characteristics of large heat transfer quantity, small temperature difference, light weight, small volume, high thermal response speed, convenient installation and maintenance, long service life, small resistance loss, low-temperature heat recovery and the like, and has the working temperature range of-40 ~ 80 ℃ and the heat recovery efficiency of 60 ~ 80 percent.
Application example:
the utility model is compared and applied with the subway station temperature and CO under other measures through the mode of analog computation and theoretical computation in the application example2Concentration and energy consumption. In the application example, the outdoor temperature of a typical day is changed as shown in fig. 1.
Other measures for improving the thermal environment of the subway: a is only to add the door curtain on the access & exit passageway, B is to add door curtain and hot-blast curtain simultaneously on the access & exit passageway, and the heating capacity of hot-blast curtain is 60kW for every passageway, 4 x 60=240kW in total.
Station temperature and CO2And (3) concentration analysis:
by using authoritative IDA tunnel subway thermal environment calculation software, under the condition that outdoor temperature and other boundary conditions are the same, only indoor temperature and indoor CO under the condition that subway thermal environment measures are different are increased2The concentrations are shown in fig. 2 and 3. The calculated conditions are shown in the following table:
through simulation calculation, the temperature of the station hall and the platform is lower and is far lower than the 12 ℃ required by the specification under the condition of taking no measures, and the CO of the platform2The concentration slightly exceeds the requirement of 1500ppm specified by the specification, and the adoption of the measure A can greatly improve the station temperature, but also increase the CO of the station2Concentration, its temperature and CO2The concentrations do not meet the specification requirements; although the temperature of the station can be greatly improved by adopting the measure B to meet the specification requirement, the CO of the station2The concentration is also high, well above the 1500ppm specification requirement. By adopting the utility model, the station temperature is equivalent to the adopted measure B and is higher than 12 ℃, and the CO is in the same range2The concentration is also lower than 1500ppm, and the requirement of the specification is met.
Analyzing the energy consumption of the system:
with measure A, no additional energy consumption is consumed, but the temperature and CO2The concentration does not meet the specification requirement；
Adopting a measure B, and consuming 240kW of electric energy per hour;
adopt the utility model discloses, consumption energy theoretical analysis is as follows:
the thermal efficiency of the heat pipe exchanger is calculated as follows:
η=(t1-t2)/(t1-t3) （1）
eta is the heat recovery efficiency (-) of the heat pipe exchanger; t is t1 Is the outdoor air temperature (° C); t is t2The temperature of outdoor air (C) after passing through the heat pipe heat exchanger; t is t3 Is the temperature (° C) of the hot air in the tunnel.
Through the simulation calculation, the subway operates in a closed mode, the temperature change in the tunnel is shown in figure 4, and the temperature is about 8 ℃, namely t3The temperature of the outdoor air is about 8 ℃, the typical outdoor temperature of the day is-22 ~ -16 ℃, the heat recovery efficiency of the selected heat pipe exchanger is 68.5%, and the heat recovery efficiency calculation formula of the heat pipe exchanger can obtain that the outdoor air is heated to 0 ~ 1.8.8 ℃ after passing through the heat pipe exchanger, then the air is heated to 16 ℃ and sent to a station, and the heat required by the direct expansion machine can be calculated by the following formula:
Q=ρcpLfresh（t4-t2）（2）
q is the heat (kW) provided by the direct expansion machine;
cpair specific heat (J/kg. DEG C);
rho air Density (kg/m)3)；
LfreshOutdoor novel air mass flow (m)3S), 4m for this calculation example3/s；
t4The temperature of outdoor air (C) after passing through the interior of the direct expansion machine.
The heat Q required to be provided by the direct expansion unit is 87.9 ~ 78.0.0 kW according to calculation.
Calculating the energy consumption of the whole system according to the formula (3)
Eall=EDEACU+Eexhaust fan1+ Eexhaust fan2=Q DEACU/COP DEACU+ Eexhaust fan1+ Eexhaust fan2(3)
In the formula:
Ealltotal energy consumption (kW) of the system of the utility model;
EDEACUconsuming electric energy (kW) for the direct expansion unit;
Eexhaust fan1for the electric energy (kW) consumed by the exhaust fan 1, 7.5kW is taken according to the engineering characteristics in the calculation example;
Eexhaust fan2for the electric energy (kW) consumed by the exhaust fan 2, 7.5kW is taken according to the engineering characteristics in the calculation example;
Q DEACUheat (kW) provided for the direct expansion unit;
COP DEACUfor the heating performance coefficient (-) of the direct expansion unit, 3.2 is taken, and the figure is shown in figure 5.
Can obtain through calculating the utility model discloses required total electric energy does:
Eall=27.6～24.5+7.5+7.5=42.6～39.5kW
compare its energy consumption with measure B and be about 17.8 ~ 16.5.5% of measure B so adopt the utility model discloses waste heat in can effectively utilizing the tunnel, greatly reduced energy consumption.
The content of the present invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent transformation adopted by the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention by those skilled in the art through reading the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an interval waste heat utilization system of severe cold district subway which characterized in that:
the system comprises a first exhaust air shaft (1), a second exhaust air shaft (10) and a fresh air shaft (2);
one end of the first exhaust air shaft (1) is communicated with an outdoor exhaust air pavilion, and the other end of the first exhaust air shaft is connected with an outdoor unit (6-1) of the direct expansion unit through a first exhaust fan (3) and then connected to an interval tunnel;
one end of a second air exhaust air shaft (10) is connected with the first air exhaust air shaft (1), and the other end of the second air exhaust air shaft is connected with a heat pipe heat exchanger (5) through a second air exhaust fan (4) and then connected to the interval tunnel;
the fresh air shaft (2) is introduced from an outdoor fresh air pavilion, is connected into an indoor unit (6-2) of the direct expansion unit through a heat pipe exchanger (5), and is connected with a station air supply pipe (7) and a station air supply outlet (8);
the indoor unit (6-2) of the direct expansion unit is connected with the outdoor unit (6-1) of the direct expansion unit through a refrigerant pipe.
2. The system for utilizing waste heat in subway sections in severe cold regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the air outlet end of the first air exhaust air shaft (1) and the air inlet end of the fresh air shaft (2) are both provided with silencers.
3. The system for utilizing waste heat in subway sections in severe cold regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
electric air valves are arranged between the first exhaust air shaft (1) and the first exhaust fan (3), between the first exhaust air shaft (1) and the second exhaust air shaft (10), between the fresh air shaft (2) and the heat pipe heat exchanger (5), between the outdoor unit (6-1) of the direct expansion unit and the interval tunnel, and between the indoor unit (6-2) of the direct expansion unit and the interval tunnel.
4. The system for utilizing waste heat in subway sections in severe cold regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the indoor unit (6-2) of the direct expansion unit and the outdoor unit (6-1) of the direct expansion unit are both arranged in the machine room.
5. The system for utilizing waste heat in subway sections in severe cold regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the station air supply pipe (7) and the station air supply outlet (8) are arranged on the platform and the station hall in the station.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920389781.6U CN209857310U (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Interval waste heat utilization system of subway in severe cold area |
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| CN201920389781.6U CN209857310U (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Interval waste heat utilization system of subway in severe cold area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110017560A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-16 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Severe cold area Subway Tunnel waste heat utilization system and its operation method |
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- 2019-03-26 CN CN201920389781.6U patent/CN209857310U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110017560A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-16 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Severe cold area Subway Tunnel waste heat utilization system and its operation method |
| CN110017560B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2024-06-07 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Metro section waste heat utilization system in severe cold region and operation method thereof |
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