CN209855961U

CN209855961U - Pitch adjusting mechanism of vertical axis wind turbine

Info

Publication number: CN209855961U
Application number: CN201920625562.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伊敏熠; 张庭生; 李相江; 曾绍聪; 雷建岗; 贾瑞; 杨祥昱; 潘亚嘉; 张祖涛
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2019-05-05
Filing date: 2019-05-05
Publication date: 2019-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-05

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical axis aerogenerator's pitch adjustment mechanism relates to wind power generation technical field. The inner side of the blade is provided with a connecting plate group which is horizontally arranged, the connecting plate groups are positioned on two sides of the longitudinal center line of the blade and are arranged in pairs, the connecting plate on the left side is hinged with the front end of a connecting rod, the tail end of the connecting rod is hinged with a side lug of a centrifugal slider which is provided with a side lug and has a sleeve structure, and a sleeve of the centrifugal slider is in clearance fit with a supporting shaft; the connecting plate on the right side is hinged with one end of the hinged plate through a rivet, the other end of the hinged plate is provided with a connecting block, and the connecting block is fixed with the front end of the supporting shaft through a set screw; a spring is arranged on the periphery of the supporting shaft between the connecting block and the centrifugal sliding block, and two ends of the spring are respectively contacted with the inner sides of the connecting block and the centrifugal sliding block; the tail end of the supporting shaft is fixed with a fixing ring on the main shaft, and the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the generator through a coupler.

Description

Pitch adjusting mechanism of vertical axis wind turbine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a wind power generation technical field.

Background

Wind energy is used as clean, pollution-free and renewable huge energy in the world, the total resource storage is huge, the distribution is very wide, and a wind driven generator for generating electricity by using the wind energy can be divided into a horizontal shaft fan and a vertical shaft fan, and an energy driving chain is in the vertical direction and is called as the vertical shaft fan. Compared with a horizontal axis fan, the vertical axis wind driven generator is not influenced by the wind direction and is suitable for being used as a small generator. There are two main types of vertical axis fan blades available: one is to use aerodynamic drag to do work, such as S-shaped blades. The wing section has low wind energy utilization rate, but the starting wind speed is low, the wing section can be started in a breeze state of 3m/s, and is suitable for generating electricity under the breeze condition, but the wing section is difficult to accelerate at high wind speed, so that the generating capacity of the wing section is limited; the other type is to use the lift force of air to do work on the wing profile. The wing profile is stable when being started and driven to rotate by high-speed wind speed, the wind energy utilization rate of the wing profile is higher than that of a drag type, and the wing profile has the defect that the wing profile cannot be started automatically. For a vertical axis wind turbine, a mechanism for adjusting the pitch is proposed, so that the vertical axis blade can be in a state of a drag type blade for obtaining a low starting wind speed when the vertical axis blade rotates at a low speed or stops rotating, and can be in a state of a lift type blade for obtaining a higher maximum rotating speed when the vertical axis blade rotates at a high speed. The wind power generator has the advantages of low starting speed and high wind energy utilization rate. The power generation capacity of the wind driven generator is far larger than that of a vertical axis wind driven generator which adopts a resistance type blade or a lift type blade independently. So that the application range is wider.

In the existing pitch mechanisms, many designs have been proposed. For example, in a vertical axis variable wing wind turbine with patent number 201620969409.9, the mechanism adjusts the pitch by an eccentric wheel, and resistance type and lift type blades are adopted to rotate in a combined manner in the pitch changing process, so that the advantages of each type of blade cannot be exerted independently; for another example, a variable wing vertical axis drag type wind turbine with patent number 201510328859. X. The mechanism is lack of a reset module, and the rising-resistance change is not good.

Therefore, there is a need for a pitch-adjustable mechanism with simple structure and reliable pitch-adjusting process. The advantages of low starting speed and high wind energy utilization rate are fully exerted to increase the generating capacity.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a vertical axis wind turbine pitch adjusting mechanism, it can solve the technical problem of resistance type or lift type blade consubstantiality effectively.

The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme: a vertical axis wind turbine pitch adjusting mechanism comprises blades and a tripod, wherein the inner sides of the blades are provided with horizontally arranged connecting plate groups, the connecting plate groups are positioned on two sides of the longitudinal center line of the blades and are arranged in pairs, the connecting plates on the left sides are hinged with the front ends of connecting rods, the tail ends of the connecting rods are hinged with side lugs of a centrifugal slider with side lugs and a sleeve structure, and a sleeve of the centrifugal slider is in clearance fit with a supporting shaft; the connecting plate on the right side is hinged with one end of the hinged plate through a rivet, the other end of the hinged plate is provided with a connecting block, and the connecting block is fixed with the front end of the supporting shaft through a set screw; a spring is arranged on the periphery of the supporting shaft between the connecting block and the centrifugal sliding block, and two ends of the spring are respectively contacted with the inner sides of the connecting block and the centrifugal sliding block; the tail end of the supporting shaft is fixed with a fixing ring on the main shaft, the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the generator through a coupler, and the generator is fixed on the ground; meanwhile, the top of the tripod is of a disc structure, a bearing is embedded in the disc structure, and an inner ring of the bearing is in interference fit with the main shaft; the cover plate is fixed with the top surface of the tripod through screws.

The supporting shaft at the inner side of the centrifugal sliding block is provided with a clamping belt.

The connecting plate groups are provided with three groups which are uniformly distributed with the upper, middle and lower three points on the inner side of the blade.

The included angle between the blades is 120 degrees.

The blades are NACA97 type blades and have resistance type S-shaped blades or lift type blades.

The utility model discloses a working process and principle are:

a pitch changing process: a wind-solar complementary power generation mechanism comprises three groups of blades, and each blade and related parts are identical in principle. When the wind power generator is started, the spring is original long, and the blade is a resistance type blade; when the wind speed is increased, the rotating speed of the blades is increased, the centrifugal slide block can do centrifugal motion, the centrifugal force is larger than the elastic force of the spring, the centrifugal slide block moves along the supporting shaft in the direction away from the main shaft, the spring is compressed, the connecting rod connected with the centrifugal slide block is driven, and the blades are pushed to rotate around the connecting plate relatively and are gradually converted into lift force type blades. At higher wind speeds, the blades are lift type blades. Meanwhile, due to the limiting effect of the clamping belt, the centrifugal sliding block is limited in movement and cannot slide past a specified position due to overlarge wind speed. When the wind speed is reduced, the rotating speed is reduced, the centrifugal slider is weakened by centrifugal force and is smaller than the elastic force of a spring between the centrifugal slider and the connecting block, the spring is restored from a compressed state, the centrifugal slider is pushed to move towards the direction close to the main shaft along the supporting shaft, the connecting rod connected with the centrifugal slider is driven, and the blades are pulled to rotate around the connecting plate relatively and are gradually converted into resistance type blades.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and effects are as follows:

the utility model discloses utilized the centrifugal action of blade well, merged the advantage of two kinds of typical blades of vertical axis aerogenerator, abandoned shortcoming between them, in adjusting the pitch mechanism, the spring is in the original length when no wind or low wind speed, and the blade is in resistance type blade state, and during high wind speed, the slider receives centrifugal action, and the spring compression, the blade is in lift type blade state. The utilization rate of wind energy is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the blade of the present invention in a lift type;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the blade of the present invention in the form of a drag type blade;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tripod according to the present invention;

figure 5 is the embedded bearing schematic diagram of the utility model discloses tripod.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A vertical axis wind turbine pitch adjusting mechanism comprises blades and a tripod, wherein the inner side of each blade 1 is provided with connecting plate 2 groups which are horizontally arranged, the connecting plate 2 groups are positioned on two sides of the longitudinal central line of each blade 1 and are arranged in pairs, the connecting plate 2 on the left side is hinged with the front end of a connecting rod 7, the tail end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged with a side lug of a centrifugal slider 6 with a side lug and a sleeve structure, and the sleeve of the centrifugal slider 6 is in clearance fit with a supporting shaft 5; the connecting plate 2 on the right side is hinged with one end of the hinged plate 3 through a rivet, the other end of the hinged plate 3 is provided with a connecting block 4, and the connecting block 4 is fixed with the front end of the supporting shaft 5 through a set screw; a spring 8 is arranged on the periphery of the supporting shaft 5 between the connecting block 4 and the centrifugal slide block 6, and two ends of the spring 8 are respectively contacted with the inner sides of the connecting block 4 and the centrifugal slide block 6; the tail end of the support shaft 5 is fixed with a fixing ring 10 on a main shaft 9, the lower end of the main shaft 9 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a generator 12 through a coupler 11, and the generator 12 is fixed on the ground; meanwhile, the top of the tripod 13 is of a disc structure, a bearing 16 is embedded in the tripod, and an inner ring of the bearing 16 is in interference fit with the spindle 9; the cover plate 14 is fixed to the top surface of the tripod 13 by screws.

The support shaft 5 at the inner side of the centrifugal slide block 6 is provided with a clamping belt 15.

The connecting plates 2 are provided with three pairs and uniformly distributed with the upper, middle and lower points of the inner side of the blade 1.

The included angle between the blades 1 is 120 degrees.

The blade 1 is a NACA97 type blade and is also a resistance type S-shaped blade or a lift type blade. When starting, the blade 1 is a resistance type blade; at higher wind speeds, the blade 1 automatically adjusts to a lift type blade. Along with the increase of the rotating speed, the centrifugal slide block 6 can do centrifugal motion, at the moment, the connecting rod 7 is driven to push the blade 1, so that the blade 1 moves relatively around the hinge and is converted into a lift force type blade. Meanwhile, due to the limiting effect of the clamping belt 15, the clamping belt 15 is just stuck at the position of the front end of the centrifugal slider 6 when the blade 1 is changed into a lift-type blade, so that the movement of the centrifugal slider 6 is limited, and the centrifugal slider cannot slide past a specified position due to overlarge wind speed. And a spring 8 is connected between the centrifugal slide block 6 and the supporting shaft 5, and the spring 8 is just as long when the centrifugal slide block is started. When the wind speed is reduced, the rotating speed is reduced, the centrifugal slide block 6 tends to move towards the center, and the spring 8 is in a compression state at the moment to push the slide block to reset. The mechanism adopts three-wing distribution, and the principle of each blade 1 and relevant parts are all as described above. Meanwhile, the tripod 13 supports the main shaft 9. The inner ring of a bearing 16 embedded in the tripod 13 is in interference fit with the shaft of the main shaft 9, so that the tripod 13 cannot interfere with the rotation of the main shaft 9.

Claims

1. A vertical axis wind turbine pitch device comprising a blade (1) and a tripod (13), characterized in that: the inner side of the blade (1) is provided with a connecting plate (2) group which is horizontally arranged, the connecting plate (2) groups are positioned on two sides of the longitudinal central line of the blade (1) and are arranged in pairs, the connecting plate (2) on the left side is hinged with the front end of a connecting rod (7), the tail end of the connecting rod (7) is hinged with a side lug of a centrifugal slider (6) with a side lug and a sleeve structure, and a sleeve of the centrifugal slider (6) is in clearance fit with a supporting shaft (5); the connecting plate (2) on the right side is hinged with one end of the hinged plate (3) through a rivet, the other end of the hinged plate (3) is provided with a connecting block (4), and the connecting block (4) is fixed with the front end of the supporting shaft (5) through a set screw; a spring (8) is arranged on the periphery of the supporting shaft (5) between the connecting block (4) and the centrifugal sliding block (6), and two ends of the spring (8) are respectively contacted with the inner sides of the connecting block (4) and the centrifugal sliding block (6); the tail end of the supporting shaft (5) is fixed with a fixing ring (10) on a main shaft (9), the lower end of the main shaft (9) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a generator (12) through a coupler (11), and the generator (12) is fixed on the ground; meanwhile, the top of the tripod (13) is of a disc structure, a bearing (16) is embedded in the disc structure, and an inner ring of the bearing (16) is in interference fit with the main shaft (9); the cover plate (14) is fixed with the top surface of the tripod (13) through screws.

2. A vertical axis wind turbine pitch assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting shaft (5) at the inner side of the centrifugal sliding block (6) is provided with a clamping belt (15).

3. A vertical axis wind turbine pitch assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting plate (2) group is provided with three groups which are uniformly distributed with the upper, middle and lower three points on the inner side of the blade (1).

4. A vertical axis wind turbine pitch assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the blades (1) is 120 degrees.

5. A vertical axis wind turbine pitch assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the blade (1) is an NACA97 type blade and is also a resistance type S-shaped blade or a lift type blade.