CN209841563U - A simulation test device for soil stress and strain around the enlarged head anchor - Google Patents
A simulation test device for soil stress and strain around the enlarged head anchor Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于岩土工程领域，具体涉及一种扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置。The utility model belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a soil stress-strain simulation test device around an expanding head anchor rod.
背景技术Background technique
在东南沿海的软土地区，由于地基土的强度低，普通锚杆的极限抗拔力较小，制约了其在软土地基中的应用。为提高锚杆在软土地地基中的抗拔力，工程人员研发了扩大头锚杆。该锚杆采用高压旋喷工艺，在锚杆底部一定范围内形成直径较大的圆柱状锚固段，显著地提高了锚杆的抗拔力。In the soft soil area along the southeast coast, due to the low strength of the foundation soil, the ultimate pullout resistance of the ordinary bolt is small, which restricts its application in the soft soil foundation. In order to improve the pullout resistance of the bolt in the soft soil foundation, the engineers developed the enlarged head bolt. The bolt adopts a high-pressure rotary jetting process, and a cylindrical anchoring section with a larger diameter is formed within a certain range at the bottom of the bolt, which significantly improves the pull-out resistance of the bolt.
采用扩大头锚杆具有施工速度快、质量优、对周围环境影响小、可有效地提高锚固体的抗拔能力等优点。但是，由于人们对于扩大头锚杆作用机理还不清楚，导致其目前还停留在经验设计阶段。因此，通过室内模型试验进一步研究其作用机理，这对于扩大头锚杆的安全应用及推广具有十分重要的意义。The use of enlarged head anchor rod has the advantages of fast construction speed, excellent quality, little impact on the surrounding environment, and can effectively improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor body. However, because the mechanism of action of the enlarged head bolt is still unclear, it is still in the stage of empirical design. Therefore, it is of great significance to further study its mechanism of action through indoor model tests, which is of great significance for expanding the safe application and promotion of head bolts.
但市面上还没有扩大头锚杆抗拔模拟试验装置。However, there is no extended head bolt pull-out simulation test device on the market.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为克服背景技术中存在的缺陷，本申请实施例提供一种扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置。In order to overcome the defects existing in the background technology, the embodiment of the present application provides a device for simulating the stress and strain of soil around the anchor bolt of the enlarged head.
本实用新型采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:
本申请实施例提供一种扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置，所述装置包括试验箱和扩大头锚杆模型；The embodiment of the present application provides a device for simulating the stress and strain of soil around an enlarged head anchor rod, and the device includes a test box and an enlarged head anchor rod model;
所述扩大头锚杆模型包括管状的锚固段模型和杆状的自由段模型，所述自由段模型外同轴固定套设有第一套管，且所述锚固段模型固定套设在所述套管的左端上；The enlarged head anchor rod model includes a tubular anchoring segment model and a rod-shaped free segment model. The free segment model is externally coaxially fixed and sleeved with a first sleeve, and the anchoring segment model is fixedly sleeved on the on the left end of the casing;
所述试验箱包括箱体，所述箱体的顶面开设有用于填入土体的开口，所述开口配有密封用的盖板，所述盖板覆盖在所述箱体的顶面上；所述箱体上架设有第一反力架，所述第一反力架上设有垂直向下延伸以向所述盖板加载施压的第一伺服液压加载装置，且所述第一伺服液压加载装置的底端与所述盖板上表面接触；The test box includes a box body, the top surface of the box body is provided with an opening for filling the soil, the opening is equipped with a cover plate for sealing, and the cover plate covers the top surface of the box body ; The box body is provided with a first reaction force frame, and the first reaction force frame is provided with a first servo-hydraulic loading device extending vertically downward to apply pressure to the cover plate, and the first The bottom end of the servo hydraulic loading device is in contact with the upper surface of the cover;
所述箱体内填埋有土体，所述箱体的左侧设有第二反力架，所述箱体的右侧设有第三反力架，所述箱体的左侧面上设有第一通孔，所述箱体的右侧面上设有第二通孔，且所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔的中心轴相重合；The box body is filled with soil, the left side of the box body is provided with a second reaction force frame, the right side of the box body is provided with a third reaction force frame, and the left side surface of the box body is provided with a second reaction force frame. There is a first through hole, a second through hole is arranged on the right side of the box body, and the central axes of the first through hole and the second through hole coincide;
所述扩大头锚杆模型自所述第二通孔沿所述第二通孔的中心轴方向水平穿设至所述箱体内，且所述锚固段模型埋设于所述土体的正中间，所述第一套管分隔所述土体和所述自由段模型，所述自由段模型的右端水平贯穿所述第二通孔和所述第三反力架；所述自由段模型的右端连接有用于水平牵拉所述扩大头锚杆模型的第二伺服液压加载装置；所述自由段模型的右端还连接有用于测量所述扩大头锚杆模型所受水平拉力大小的拉压力传感器和用于测量所述自由段模型的弹性位移信息的第一位移计；The enlarged head anchor rod model is horizontally penetrated into the box from the second through hole along the central axis direction of the second through hole, and the anchoring section model is embedded in the middle of the soil body, The first casing separates the soil body and the free segment model, and the right end of the free segment model horizontally penetrates the second through hole and the third reaction frame; the right end of the free segment model is connected There is a second servo-hydraulic loading device for horizontally pulling the enlarged head anchor rod model; the right end of the free segment model is also connected with a tension pressure sensor for measuring the horizontal tension of the enlarged head anchor rod model and a sensor. a first displacement gauge for measuring elastic displacement information of the free segment model;
所述锚固段模型的左端与金属丝的右端相连，所述金属丝的左端依次贯穿所述第一通孔和所述第二反力架，且所述金属丝的左端与用于测量所述扩大头锚杆模型的水平位移信息的第二位移计相连，且所述金属丝上还套设有用于隔离所述金属丝和所述土体的第二套管；The left end of the anchoring segment model is connected with the right end of the wire, the left end of the wire passes through the first through hole and the second reaction frame in turn, and the left end of the wire is connected to the The second displacement meter of the horizontal displacement information of the enlarged head anchor rod model is connected, and the metal wire is also sleeved with a second sleeve for isolating the metal wire and the soil;
所述锚固段模型的中心点所在的竖直平面和水平平面内的土体上等间距布设有若干个用于探测土压力信息的土压力盒，且各土压力盒均与数据采集仪信号相连，以收集所述土体的土压力信息；Several earth pressure boxes for detecting earth pressure information are arranged at equal intervals on the vertical plane and the soil body in the horizontal plane where the center point of the anchoring section model is located, and each earth pressure box is connected with the signal of the data acquisition instrument , to collect the earth pressure information of the soil mass;
所述数据采集仪与控制器信号相连，以将所述土压力信息输送给所述控制器；The data acquisition instrument is signal-connected to the controller to transmit the earth pressure information to the controller;
所述第一位移计和所述第二位移计分别与所述控制器信号相连，以分别将检测到的所述弹性位移信息和所述水平位移信息输送给所述控制器；The first displacement meter and the second displacement meter are respectively connected with the controller signal, so as to transmit the detected elastic displacement information and the horizontal displacement information to the controller respectively;
所述第一伺服液压加载装置和所述第二伺服液压加载装置均与所述控制器信号相连，且所述控制器控制所述第一伺服液压加载装置和所述第二伺服液压加载装置。Both the first servo hydraulic loading device and the second servo hydraulic loading device are signal-connected to the controller, and the controller controls the first servo hydraulic loading device and the second servo hydraulic loading device.
进一步的，所述锚固段模型是橡胶管，所述自由段模型是螺纹杆。Further, the anchoring segment model is a rubber tube, and the free segment model is a threaded rod.
进一步的，所述第一套管和所述第二套管均为塑料套管。Further, both the first sleeve and the second sleeve are plastic sleeves.
进一步的，相邻两所述土压力盒之间的间距是10cm。Further, the distance between two adjacent earth pressure cells is 10cm.
进一步的，所述箱体的壁面均为钢化玻璃Further, the walls of the box are all tempered glass
进一步的，所述锚固段模型的外表面上涂覆有环氧树脂层。Further, the outer surface of the anchoring segment model is coated with an epoxy resin layer.
进一步的，所述自由段模型的右端上设有铁片，所述第一位移计与所述铁片固定相连。Further, an iron sheet is provided on the right end of the free segment model, and the first displacement gauge is fixedly connected to the iron sheet.
进一步的，所述盖板为铁板。Further, the cover plate is an iron plate.
本实用新型所述的一种扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置的试验方法，包括以下步骤：The test method of the soil stress-strain simulation test device around the enlarged head anchor rod according to the utility model comprises the following steps:
步骤1，连接所述锚固段模型和所自由段模型，以组成一个所述的扩大头锚杆模型；Step 1, connecting the anchoring segment model and the free segment model to form a model of the enlarged head anchor rod;
步骤2，向所述箱体内填充第一预定量的土体并压实，以使土体的顶面平整，且使土体的顶面与所第二通孔的中心轴之间的距离等于所述锚固段模型的半径；Step 2: Fill the box with a first predetermined amount of soil and compact it, so that the top surface of the soil body is flat, and the distance between the top surface of the soil body and the central axis of the second through hole is equal to the radius of the anchor segment model;
步骤3，自所述第二通孔沿所述第二通孔的轴向向所述箱体内插入所述扩大头锚杆模型，所述锚固段模型位于所述箱体内的的土体的正中间，所述自由段模型水平贯穿所述第二通孔；Step 3: Insert the enlarged head anchor rod model from the second through hole into the box along the axial direction of the second through hole, and the anchoring segment model is located in the positive direction of the soil in the box. In the middle, the free segment model horizontally penetrates the second through hole;
步骤4，将所述锚固段模型的左端与金属丝相接，且使所述金属丝的右端水平贯穿所述第一通孔；Step 4, connecting the left end of the anchoring segment model with the metal wire, and making the right end of the metal wire penetrate the first through hole horizontally;
步骤5，向所述箱体内继续填充第二预定量的土体并压实，确保所述土体的上表面与所述箱体顶面平齐，并盖上所述盖板；Step 5: Continue to fill the box with a second predetermined amount of soil and compact it to ensure that the upper surface of the soil is flush with the top surface of the box, and cover the cover;
步骤6，在所述扩大头锚杆模型上固定铁片并连接第一位移计，在所述金属丝的左端连接第二位移计；Step 6, fix the iron sheet on the enlarged head anchor rod model and connect the first displacement gauge, and connect the second displacement gauge to the left end of the metal wire;
步骤7，在所述锚固段模型的中心点所在的竖直平面和水平平面内的土体上间隔10cm布设土压力盒，且各土压力盒均与数据采集仪信号相连；Step 7, laying earth pressure cells at intervals of 10 cm on the soil body in the vertical plane and the horizontal plane where the center point of the anchoring section model is located, and each earth pressure cell is connected to the signal of the data acquisition instrument;
步骤8，将所述扩大头锚杆模型与拉压力传感器连接，所述扩大头锚杆模型右端连接第二伺服液压加载装置，所述第一伺服液压加载装置与所述盖板连接；Step 8, connecting the enlarged head anchor rod model with the tension pressure sensor, the right end of the enlarged head anchor rod model is connected with a second servo hydraulic loading device, and the first servo hydraulic loading device is connected with the cover plate;
步骤9，分别开启所述第一伺服液压加载装置和所述第二伺服液压加载装置并加载至设定值；Step 9, respectively turn on the first servo hydraulic loading device and the second servo hydraulic loading device and load them to the set value;
步骤10，所述控制器控制所述第一伺服液压加载装置向所述土体加载；Step 10, the controller controls the first servo hydraulic loading device to load the soil;
所述控制器控制所述第二伺服液压加载装置牵拉所述扩大头锚杆模型，并由所述拉压力传感器计量所述扩大头锚杆模型的实际承载量；The controller controls the second servo hydraulic loading device to pull the enlarged head anchor rod model, and the tension and pressure sensor measures the actual bearing capacity of the enlarged head anchor rod model;
所述第一位移计检测所述自由段模型的弹性位移信息，并将所述弹性位移信息输送给所述控制器；the first displacement meter detects the elastic displacement information of the free segment model, and transmits the elastic displacement information to the controller;
所述第二位移计检测所述所述扩大头锚杆模型的水平位移信息，并将所述水平位移信息输送给所述控制器；The second displacement meter detects the horizontal displacement information of the enlarged head anchor rod model, and transmits the horizontal displacement information to the controller;
所述数据采集仪收集各土压力盒的压力信息，并将所述土压力信息输送给所述控制器；The data acquisition instrument collects the pressure information of each earth pressure cell, and transmits the earth pressure information to the controller;
所述控制器根据所述实际承载量、所述弹性位移信息、所述水平位移信息和所述土压力信息模拟所述扩大头锚杆模型抗拔过程中所述扩大头锚杆模型周围土体应力应变过程。The controller simulates the soil around the enlarged head anchor model during the pull-out process of the enlarged head anchor model according to the actual bearing capacity, the elastic displacement information, the horizontal displacement information and the earth pressure information. stress-strain process.
本实用新型的有益效果体现在：The beneficial effects of the present utility model are embodied in:
(1)本实用新型所述的试验装置结构简单，造价低廉，方便好用。(1) The test device of the present invention is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient and easy to use.
(2)利用本实用新型所述的试验装置实施所述的试验方法，可在实验室模拟扩大头锚杆抗拔试验周围土体应力应变的过程，以便了解扩大头锚杆使用阶段锚固段周边土体应力应变的影响规律。(2) Using the test device described in the present utility model to implement the test method, the stress and strain process of the soil around the pullout test of the enlarged head anchor can be simulated in the laboratory, so as to understand the surrounding of the anchoring section of the enlarged head anchor in the use stage Influence law of soil stress and strain.
(3)本实用新型利用螺纹杆和橡胶管组成扩大头锚杆模型，更贴合实际，模拟效果更准确。(3) The utility model utilizes a threaded rod and a rubber tube to form an enlarged head anchor rod model, which is more practical and has a more accurate simulation effect.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是一实施例中扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置的整体结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soil stress-strain simulation test device around the enlarged head anchor rod in one embodiment;
图2是一实施例中扩大头锚杆模型的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of an enlarged head anchor rod model in an embodiment;
图3是一实施例中金属丝与第二位移计的配合结构示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the metal wire and the second displacement gauge in an embodiment;
图4是一实施例中自由段模型与第一位移计的配合结构示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the free segment model and the first displacement gauge in one embodiment;
图5是一实施例中锚固段模型的中心点所在的竖直平面和水平平面的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a vertical plane and a horizontal plane where the center point of the anchoring segment model is located in an embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本实用新型专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solutions of the patent of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
在本实用新型的描述中，需要说明的是，如出现术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。此外，如出现术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "lower", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "outside" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, It is constructed and operated in a particular orientation and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," as they appear, are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.
在本实用新型的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，如出现术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, or a It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
参照附图1～5，本实施例提供一种扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置，所述装置包括试验箱和扩大头锚杆模型；Referring to Figures 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a device for simulating the stress and strain of soil around an enlarged head anchor rod, and the device includes a test box and an enlarged head anchor rod model;
所述扩大头锚杆模型包括管状的锚固段模型8和杆状的自由段模型10，所述自由段模型10外同轴固定套设有第一套管9，且所述锚固段模型固定套设在所述套管9的左端上；The enlarged head anchor rod model includes a tubular anchoring segment model 8 and a rod-shaped free segment model 10. The outer coaxial fixing sleeve of the free segment model 10 is provided with a first sleeve 9, and the anchoring segment model is fixed sleeve. be arranged on the left end of the sleeve 9;
所述试验箱包括箱体1，所述箱体1的顶面开设有用于填入土体的开口，所述开口配有密封用的盖板3，所述盖板3覆盖在所述箱体 1的顶面上；所述箱体1上架设有第一反力架4，所述第一反力架4 上设有垂直向下延伸以向所述盖板3加载施压的第一伺服液压加载装置5，且所述第一伺服液压加载装置的底端与所述盖板3上表面接触；The test box includes a box body 1, the top surface of the box body 1 is provided with an opening for filling the soil, the opening is equipped with a sealing cover plate 3, and the cover plate 3 covers the box body. 1; the box body 1 is provided with a first reaction force frame 4, and the first reaction force frame 4 is provided with a first servo extending vertically downward to apply pressure to the cover plate 3 a hydraulic loading device 5, and the bottom end of the first servo hydraulic loading device is in contact with the upper surface of the cover plate 3;
具体的，所述箱体1为长方体或立方体状。Specifically, the box body 1 is in the shape of a cuboid or a cube.
所述箱体1内填埋有土体，所述箱体1的左侧设有第二反力架 15，所述箱体1的右侧设有第三反力架16，所述箱体1的左侧面上设有第一通孔，所述箱体1的右侧面上设有第二通孔，且所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔的中心轴相重合；The box body 1 is filled with soil, the left side of the box body 1 is provided with a second reaction force frame 15, and the right side of the box body 1 is provided with a third reaction force frame 16. A first through hole is provided on the left side of the box 1, a second through hole is provided on the right side of the box body 1, and the central axes of the first through hole and the second through hole coincide;
所述扩大头锚杆模型自所述第二通孔沿所述第二通孔的中心轴方向水平穿设至所述箱体1内，且所述锚固段模型8埋设于所述土体的正中间，所述第一套管9分隔所述土体和所述自由段模型10，所述自由段模型10的右端水平贯穿所述第二通孔和所述第三反力架16；所述自由段模型10的右端连接有用于水平牵拉所述扩大头锚杆模型的第二伺服液压加载装置20；所述自由段模型10的右端还连接有用于测量所述扩大头锚杆模型所受水平拉力大小的拉压力传感器19和用于测量所述自由段模型10的弹性位移信息的第一位移计13；The enlarged head anchor rod model is horizontally penetrated into the box body 1 from the second through hole along the central axis direction of the second through hole, and the anchoring section model 8 is embedded in the soil body. In the middle, the first casing 9 separates the soil body and the free segment model 10, and the right end of the free segment model 10 horizontally penetrates the second through hole and the third reaction force frame 16; The right end of the free segment model 10 is connected with a second servo hydraulic loading device 20 for horizontally pulling the enlarged head anchor rod model; a tension and pressure sensor 19 subjected to horizontal tension and a first displacement gauge 13 for measuring the elastic displacement information of the free segment model 10;
所述锚固段模型8的左端与金属丝18的右端相连，所述金属丝 18的左端依次贯穿所述第一通孔和所述第二反力架15，且所述金属丝18的左端与用于测量所述扩大头锚杆模型的水平位移信息的第二位移计14相连，且所述金属丝18上还套设有用于隔离所述金属丝18和所述土体的第二套管17；The left end of the anchoring segment model 8 is connected to the right end of the wire 18, the left end of the wire 18 penetrates the first through hole and the second reaction force frame 15 in sequence, and the left end of the wire 18 is connected to the right end of the wire 18. The second displacement gauge 14 for measuring the horizontal displacement information of the enlarged head anchor model is connected, and the metal wire 18 is also sleeved with a second sleeve for isolating the metal wire 18 and the soil. 17;
具体的，所述第一位移计13、所述拉压力传感器19和所述第二位移计14均位于所述箱体1外。Specifically, the first displacement gauge 13 , the tension pressure sensor 19 and the second displacement gauge 14 are all located outside the box body 1 .
所述锚固段模型8的中心点所在的竖直平面和水平平面内的土体上等间距布设有若干个用于探测土压力信息的土压力盒，且各土压力盒均与数据采集仪22信号相连，以收集所述土体的土压力信息；Several earth pressure boxes for detecting earth pressure information are arranged at equal intervals on the soil body in the vertical plane and the horizontal plane where the center point of the anchoring section model 8 is located, and each earth pressure box is connected to the data acquisition instrument 22 . signal connection to collect earth pressure information of the soil mass;
具体的，所述锚固段模型8的中心点指的是所述锚固段模型8沿中心轴方向的中间的圆心处。Specifically, the center point of the anchoring segment model 8 refers to the center of the middle of the anchoring segment model 8 along the central axis direction.
所述数据采集仪22与控制器21信号相连，以将所述土压力信息输送给所述控制器21；所述第一位移计13和所述第二位移计14分别与所述控制器21信号相连，以分别将检测到的所述弹性位移信息和所述水平位移信息输送给所述控制器21；The data acquisition instrument 22 is signal-connected to the controller 21 to transmit the earth pressure information to the controller 21; the first displacement gauge 13 and the second displacement gauge 14 are respectively connected to the controller 21 The signals are connected to transmit the detected elastic displacement information and the horizontal displacement information to the controller 21 respectively;
所述第一伺服液压加载装置5和所述第二伺服液压加载装置20 均与所述控制器21信号相连，且所述控制器21控制所述第一伺服液压加载装置5和所述第二伺服液压加载装置20。The first servo hydraulic loading device 5 and the second servo hydraulic loading device 20 are both connected to the controller 21 in signals, and the controller 21 controls the first servo hydraulic loading device 5 and the second servo hydraulic loading device 5 Servo hydraulic loading device 20 .
具体的，所述锚固段模型8是橡胶管，所述自由段模型10是螺纹杆。Specifically, the anchoring segment model 8 is a rubber tube, and the free segment model 10 is a threaded rod.
具体的，所述第一套管9和所述第二套管17均为塑料套管。Specifically, the first sleeve 9 and the second sleeve 17 are both plastic sleeves.
具体的，相邻两所述土压力盒之间的间距是10cm。Specifically, the distance between two adjacent earth pressure cells is 10 cm.
具体的，所述箱体1的壁面2均为钢化玻璃Specifically, the walls 2 of the box body 1 are all tempered glass
具体的，所述锚固段模型8的外表面上涂覆有环氧树脂层，所述环氧树脂层便于所述锚固段模型8粘贴所述土体颗粒。Specifically, the outer surface of the anchoring segment model 8 is coated with an epoxy resin layer, and the epoxy resin layer is convenient for the anchoring segment model 8 to adhere the soil particles.
具体的，所述自由段模型10的右端上设有铁片12，所述第一位移计13与所述铁片12固定相连。Specifically, an iron piece 12 is provided on the right end of the free segment model 10 , and the first displacement gauge 13 is fixedly connected to the iron piece 12 .
具体的，所述盖板3为铁板。Specifically, the cover plate 3 is an iron plate.
本实用新型所述的一种扩大头锚杆周围土体应力应变模拟试验装置的试验方法，包括以下步骤：The test method of the soil stress-strain simulation test device around the enlarged head anchor rod according to the utility model comprises the following steps:
步骤1，连接所述锚固段模型8和所自由段模型10，以组成一个所述的扩大头锚杆模型；Step 1, connecting the anchor segment model 8 and the free segment model 10 to form a model of the enlarged head anchor rod;
步骤2，向所述箱体1内填充第一预定量的土体并压实，以使土体的顶面平整，且使土体的顶面与所第二通孔的中心轴之间的距离等于所述锚固段模型的半径；Step 2: Fill the box body 1 with a first predetermined amount of soil and compact it, so that the top surface of the soil body is flat, and the gap between the top surface of the soil body and the central axis of the second through hole is formed. The distance is equal to the radius of the anchor segment model;
步骤3，自所述第二通孔沿所述第二通孔的轴向向所述箱体1内插入所述扩大头锚杆模型，所述锚固段模型位于所述箱体1内的的土体的正中间，所述自由段模型10水平贯穿所述第二通孔；Step 3, insert the enlarged head anchor rod model from the second through hole into the box body 1 along the axial direction of the second through hole, and the anchor segment model is located in the box body 1. In the middle of the soil body, the free segment model 10 horizontally penetrates the second through hole;
步骤4，将所述锚固段模型8的左端与金属丝18相接，且使所述金属丝18的右端水平贯穿所述第一通孔；Step 4, connect the left end of the anchoring segment model 8 with the metal wire 18, and make the right end of the metal wire 18 horizontally penetrate the first through hole;
步骤5，向所述箱体1内继续填充第二预定量的土体并压实，确保所述土体的上表面与所述箱体1顶面平齐，并盖上所述盖板3；Step 5: Continue to fill the box body 1 with a second predetermined amount of soil and compact it to ensure that the upper surface of the soil body is flush with the top surface of the box body 1, and cover the cover plate 3 ;
步骤6，在所述扩大头锚杆模型上固定铁片12并连接第一位移计13，在所述金属丝18的左端连接第二位移计14；Step 6, fix the iron sheet 12 on the enlarged head anchor rod model and connect the first displacement gauge 13, and connect the second displacement gauge 14 to the left end of the metal wire 18;
步骤7，在所述锚固段模型的中心点所在的竖直平面和水平平面内的土体上间隔10cm布设土压力盒，且各土压力盒均与数据采集仪信号相连；Step 7, laying earth pressure cells at intervals of 10 cm on the soil body in the vertical plane and the horizontal plane where the center point of the anchoring section model is located, and each earth pressure cell is connected to the signal of the data acquisition instrument;
步骤8，将所述扩大头锚杆模型与拉压力传感器19连接，所述扩大头锚杆模型右端连接第二伺服液压加载装置20，所述第一伺服液压加载装置5与所述盖板3连接；Step 8, connect the enlarged head anchor rod model with the tension pressure sensor 19, the right end of the enlarged head anchor rod model is connected with the second servo hydraulic loading device 20, the first servo hydraulic loading device 5 and the cover plate 3 connect;
步骤9，分别开启所述第一伺服液压加载装置5和所述第二伺服液压加载装置20并加载至设定值；Step 9, respectively turn on the first servo hydraulic loading device 5 and the second servo hydraulic loading device 20 and load them to the set value;
步骤10，所述控制器21控制所述第一伺服液压加载装置5向所述土体加载；Step 10, the controller 21 controls the first servo hydraulic loading device 5 to load the soil;
所述控制器21控制所述第二伺服液压加载装置牵拉所述扩大头锚杆模型，并由所述拉压力传感器19计量所述扩大头锚杆模型的实际承载量；The controller 21 controls the second servo hydraulic loading device to pull the enlarged head anchor rod model, and the tension pressure sensor 19 measures the actual bearing capacity of the enlarged head anchor rod model;
所述第一位移计13检测所述自由段模型10的弹性位移信息，并将所述弹性位移信息输送给所述控制器21；The first displacement meter 13 detects the elastic displacement information of the free segment model 10, and transmits the elastic displacement information to the controller 21;
所述第二位移计14检测所述所述扩大头锚杆模型的水平位移信息，并将所述水平位移信息输送给所述控制器21；The second displacement meter 14 detects the horizontal displacement information of the enlarged head anchor rod model, and transmits the horizontal displacement information to the controller 21;
所述数据采集仪22收集各土压力盒的压力信息，并将所述土压力信息输送给所述控制器21；The data acquisition instrument 22 collects the pressure information of each earth pressure box, and transmits the earth pressure information to the controller 21;
所述控制器21根据所述实际承载量、所述弹性位移信息、所述水平位移信息和所述土压力信息模拟所述扩大头锚杆模型抗拔过程中所述扩大头锚杆模型周围土体应力应变过程，从而便于研究扩大头锚杆的作用机理，以促进扩大头锚杆的安全应用及推广。The controller 21 simulates the soil around the enlarged head anchor model during the pull-out process of the enlarged head anchor model according to the actual bearing capacity, the elastic displacement information, the horizontal displacement information and the earth pressure information. The process of body stress and strain is easy to study the action mechanism of the enlarged head bolt, so as to promote the safe application and promotion of the enlarged head bolt.
本说明书实施例所述的内容仅仅是对实用新型构思的实现形式的例举，本实用新型的保护范围不应当被视为仅限于实施例陈述的具体形式，本实用新型的保护范围也及于本领域技术人员根据本实用新型构思所能够想到的等同技术手段。The contents described in the embodiments of the present specification are merely examples of the realization forms of the concept of the utility model. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also extends to Equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the concept of the present invention.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109580373A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Enlarged footing anchor pole surrounding soil ess-strain simulates experimental rig and its test method |
| CN112681403A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Model test device and test method capable of changing angle of anchor rod |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109580373A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Enlarged footing anchor pole surrounding soil ess-strain simulates experimental rig and its test method |
| CN109580373B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Device and method for simulating stress and strain of soil around enlarged head anchor rod |
| CN112681403A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Model test device and test method capable of changing angle of anchor rod |
| CN112681403B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Model test device and test method capable of changing angle of anchor rod |
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