CN209825031U

CN209825031U - Mechanical clamping device

Info

Publication number: CN209825031U
Application number: CN201920359653.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟弢; 邓庆元; 邵仁杰; 孟雅琪; 陈方棣
Original assignee: Wuhan Lumiai Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Meng Tao
Priority date: 2019-03-21
Filing date: 2019-03-21
Publication date: 2019-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical clamping device, which comprises a clamp shell, a slide block, a clamping element and a push rod, wherein the inner wall of the clamp shell is vertically provided with a guide surface; two guide sliding chutes are arranged on the sliding block; the clamping element comprises two swing units which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, each swing unit comprises a swing hinge shaft and a sliding pin shaft, the swing arm is hinged to the clamp shell through the swing hinge shaft, and the swing arm is fixedly installed on the sliding pin shaft; the ejector rod is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the ejector rod extends into the clamp shell and then is connected with the sliding block. The utility model discloses a but set up the direction spout of symmetry on linear motion's slider from top to bottom, slider reciprocating linear motion in-process drives two swing arms and realizes pressing from both sides tightly and loosen the action to realized linear motion to pressing from both sides tightly and loosen the conversion of action, simple structure is reliable moreover, has solved traditional mode and has realized through modes such as gear or connecting rod transmission that the same action of constitution is complicated, the part is many, with high costs, inconvenient maintenance scheduling problem.

Description

Mechanical clamping device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the anchor clamps field, more specifically relates to a mechanical clamping device.

Background

At present, a mechanical clamping device used in the field of mechanical processes generally comprises a positioning element (determining a correct position of a workpiece in a clamp), a clamping unit, a tool setting guide element (determining a relative position between a tool and the workpiece or guiding a tool direction), an indexing device (enabling the workpiece to complete processing of a plurality of stations in one-time installation, including a rotary indexing device and a linear movement indexing device), a connecting element, a clamp body (a clamp base), and the like.

In addition, in the conventional mechanical clamping device requiring mechanical linkage, most linkage power is driven by a fixed stroke motion, a relatively large number of rigid connecting supports are adopted, the conversion motion obtained by the connecting support mode is rigid, if the size of a material to be clamped is large or hard, two swing arms of a clamping unit can generate rigid collision with the material in the process of moving and clamping the material, so that relatively large impact can be generated, the impact can damage parts in the mechanical clamping device, and in addition, if the swing arms continue to work after clamping the material, the damage of the mechanical device can be further increased, and the service life of the mechanical clamping device can be shortened.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above defect or the improvement demand of prior art, the utility model provides a mechanical clamping device has realized linear motion to the conversion of clamping action, and simple structure is reliable, has solved traditional mode and has realized through modes such as gear or connecting rod transmission that the same action of constitution is complicated, the part is many, with high costs, inconvenient maintenance scheduling problem equally, can be applied to various needs and realize the linkage and press from both sides tightly in the equipment that has higher restriction to equipment cost and efficiency simultaneously.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mechanical clamping device, comprising a clamp housing, a slider, a clamping element, and a knock-out pin, wherein,

the sliding block is sleeved in the clamp shell, and a guide surface convenient for the sliding block to move up and down is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the clamp shell;

the sliding block is provided with two guide sliding chutes which are arranged symmetrically left and right, and each guide sliding chute is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal plane;

the clamping element comprises two swing units which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, each swing unit comprises a swing arm, a swing hinge shaft and a sliding pin shaft, the swing hinge shafts and the sliding pin shafts are horizontally arranged and are parallel to each other, the swing arms are hinged to the clamp shell through the swing hinge shafts, the swing arms are fixedly provided with the sliding pin shafts at positions corresponding to the guide sliding grooves, and the sliding pin shafts are positioned above or below the swing hinge shafts in an inclined manner;

each sliding pin shaft extends into the corresponding guide sliding groove at a corresponding position and can slide in the guide sliding groove;

the push rod is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the push rod extends into the clamp shell and then is connected with the sliding block.

Preferably, the ejector rod is connected with the sliding block through an intermediate connecting frame.

Preferably, the middle connecting frame is located in the fixture housing and comprises a connecting block and a guide rod, the upper end of the ejector rod extends into the fixture housing and then is fixedly connected with the connecting block, the lower end of the ejector rod is exposed out of the fixture housing and can move up and down relative to the fixture housing, the connecting block is movably mounted on the guide rod in a penetrating manner and is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block; in addition, a buffer spring is vertically arranged between the connecting block and the sliding block.

Preferably, the number of the guide rods is more than two, and each guide rod is respectively provided with one buffer spring in a penetrating mode.

Preferably, the buffer spring is mounted on the guide rod in a penetrating manner, and a pre-tightening force is applied to the sliding block and the connecting block by the buffer spring.

Preferably, the clamp housing comprises a housing body and a side cover plate which are detachably connected together.

Preferably, the slider comprises a slider body and a wear-resistant part arranged on the side surface of the slider body, and the wear-resistant part is in contact with the guide surface.

Preferably, the slider is of a hollow shell structure, the upper end of the slider is open, and the lower end of the swing arm extends into the slider and is connected with the sliding pin shaft.

Generally, through the utility model discloses above technical scheme who conceives compares with prior art, can gain following beneficial effect:

1) the utility model adopts the symmetrical guide chutes arranged on the slider capable of moving linearly up and down, and drives the two swing arms to realize clamping and loosening actions in the reciprocating linear motion process of the slider, thereby realizing the conversion of the linear motion to the clamping and loosening actions, and the structure is simple and reliable, solving the problems of complex composition, more parts, high cost, inconvenient maintenance and the like of the same actions realized by the traditional mode through the modes of gears or connecting rod transmission and the like, and being applied to various devices which need to realize linkage clamping and have higher limits on the cost and the efficiency of the device;

2) when the size or hardness of a clamped material is larger than a clamping value set by the clamp, the buffer spring arranged between the connecting block and the sliding block can be elastically deformed, the swing arm can not swing, namely the connecting block and the spring move and the swing arm does not move at the moment, which is equivalent to the idle stroke of the ejector rod for not doing work on the swing arm, so that the rigid connection motion inside the mechanical clamping device can be converted into the flexible motion of the buffer spring, the material can be protected from being damaged by the swing arm, the impact on parts inside the mechanical clamping device is also avoided, the problem of adaptivity of the clamp under the power drive of the fixed stroke is ingeniously realized by using the buffer spring, and the defect that the traditional fixed stroke clamp cannot adapt to materials with different sizes is overcome.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the clamp casing of the present invention after the side cover plate is removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spring plate of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of two sets of clamping devices in cooperation;

fig. 5 is a front view of two sets of clamping devices in cooperation.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a mechanical clamping apparatus includes a clamp housing 10, a slider 20, a clamping member 30, and an ejector pin 40, wherein,

the sliding block 20 is sleeved in the clamp shell 10, and a guide surface convenient for the sliding block 20 to move up and down is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the clamp shell 10; the guide surface can be provided in plurality so as to keep the slide block 20 moving smoothly; preferably, the fixture housing 10 includes a housing body 101 and a side cover 102 detachably connected together, so that the slider 20 can be conveniently placed in the housing body 101 after the side cover 102 is removed;

the slide block 20 is provided with two guide sliding chutes 203 which are arranged symmetrically left and right, and each guide sliding chute 203 is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal plane;

the clamping element 30 includes two swing units 300 arranged in bilateral symmetry, and each swing unit 300 includes a swing arm 301, a swing hinge shaft 302 and a sliding pin shaft 303, wherein the swing hinge shaft 302 and the sliding pin shaft 303 are both horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, the swing arm 301 is hinged on the clamp housing 10 through the swing hinge shaft 302, the swing arm 301 fixedly mounts the sliding pin shaft 303 at a position corresponding to the guide chute 203, and the sliding pin shaft 303 is located obliquely above or obliquely below the swing hinge shaft 302;

each sliding pin shaft 303 extends into the corresponding guide chute 203 at a corresponding position and can slide in the guide chute 203;

the push rod 40 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the push rod extends into the fixture housing 10 and then is connected with the sliding block 20, so as to drive the sliding block 20 to slide up and down along the guide surface, thereby driving the sliding pin shaft 303 to slide in the guide sliding groove 203 and driving the swing arm 301 to swing around the center line of the swing hinge shaft 302, and further realizing the clamping or loosening of the two swing arms 301 on the material.

Further, the ejector rod 40 is connected with the sliding block 20 through an intermediate connecting frame 50, the intermediate connecting frame 50 is located in the fixture housing 10, the intermediate connecting frame 50 includes a connecting block 501 and a guide rod 502, the upper end of the ejector rod 40 extends into the fixture housing 10 and then is fixedly connected with the connecting block 501, the lower end of the ejector rod 40 is exposed out of the fixture housing 10, the ejector rod 40 can move up and down relative to the fixture housing 10, the connecting block 501 is movably mounted on the guide rod 502 in a penetrating manner, the guide rod 502 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the guide rod 502 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 20; in addition, a buffer spring 503 is vertically arranged between the connecting block 501 and the sliding block 20.

Preferably, the slider 20 is of a hollow shell structure, the upper end of the slider is open, the lower end of the swing arm 301 extends into the slider 20 and is connected with the sliding pin shaft 303, the swing hinge shaft 302 is located obliquely above the sliding pin shaft 303, then the two guide sliding grooves 203 are arranged in a splayed shape, a connecting line between the swing hinge shaft 302 and the sliding pin shaft 303 on one swing arm 301 and a connecting line between the swing hinge shaft 302 and the sliding pin shaft 303 on the other swing arm 301 are also arranged in a splayed shape, when the arrangement mode is adopted, the buffer spring 503 is a compression spring, when the slider 20 moves upwards, the two swing arms 301 are matched to clamp the material, and when the slider 20 moves downwards, the two swing arms 301 are matched to release the material.

Of course, the two guide chutes 203 may also be arranged in an inverted-eight shape, and a connecting line between the swing hinge shaft 302 and the sliding pin 303 on one swing arm 301 and a connecting line between the swing hinge shaft 302 and the sliding pin 303 on the other swing arm 301 may be arranged in an inverted-eight shape.

The aforementioned splayed arrangement and the inverted splayed arrangement may be combined, so that the lifting or lowering of the ejector rod 40 may drive the two swing arms 301 to clamp or release the material, depending on the actual arrangement, and the buffer spring 503 may also adopt a compression spring or an extension spring, depending on the actual arrangement.

The buffer spring 503 of the present invention is very important for reducing the collision damage of the components and improving the life of the mechanical clamping device, if there is no buffer spring 503, the connection between the components of the present invention is rigid, when clamping the material with larger size, rigid collision will also occur, but after the buffer spring 503 is provided, when clamping the material with larger size or larger hardness exceeding the set value, rigid collision will not occur between the components such as the push rod 40, the connecting block 501 and the guide rod 502, etc. because when the swing arm 301 is clamped, the connecting block 501 makes the buffer spring 503 elastically deform, and the swing arm 301 and the slider 20 will not move (the elastic force of the buffer spring 503 drives the swing arm 301 to move to continue clamping the material), so that the rigid connection can be converted into the flexible connection of the buffer spring 503, thereby avoiding the problem of loss of parts due to rigid collision.

Further, the number of the guide rods 502 is more than two, and the buffer spring 503 is respectively arranged on each guide rod 502 in a penetrating manner, so that the multi-point stress of the sliding block 20 can be ensured, and the sliding block 20 can be kept to move smoothly if the positions are arranged reasonably.

Further, the buffer spring 503 is installed on the guide rod 502 in a penetrating manner, and a pre-tightening force is applied to the slider 20 and the connecting block 501 by the buffer spring 503 (if a compression spring is adopted as the case may be, the lower end of the guide rod 502 is connected with the limit block 504 in a threaded manner, the limit block 504 is located below the connecting block 501, the limit block 504 is screwed, the connecting block 501 pushes the connecting block 501 to move upwards, the buffer spring 503 can be pressed by the connecting block 501, so that the pre-tightening force of the buffer spring 503 can be adjusted; if an extension spring is adopted, the limit block 504 is connected with the guide rod 502 in a threaded manner, the limit block 504 is located above the connecting block 501, the limit block 504 is screwed, the connecting block 501 pushes the connecting block 501 to move downwards, the buffer spring 503 can be stretched by the connecting block 501, so that the pre-tightening force of the buffer spring, the ejector pin 40 can move the slider 20 and the swing arm 301 in quick response when moving up and down.

Further, the sliding block 20 comprises a sliding block body 201 and a wear-resistant part 202 arranged on the side surface of the sliding block body 201, the wear-resistant part 202 is in contact with the guide surface, and the arrangement of the wear-resistant part 202 can effectively prolong the service life of the sliding block 20.

The utility model discloses an ejector pin pole 40 drives slider 20 and reciprocates (ejector pin pole 40 can drive through various current power propulsion units and reciprocate), drives swing arm 301 swing through the cooperation of the last direction spout 203 of slider 20 and the sliding pin axle 303 on the swing arm 301 again to can realize that two swing arms 301 press from both sides tightly or loosen the material, the structure is fairly simple with the cooperation relation, and the selected mode that drives the power unit that ejector pin pole 40 reciprocated is also fairly nimble, moreover the utility model discloses still set up buffer spring 503 relatively ingeniously between slider 20 and connecting block 501, can turn into flexonics with rigid connection, avoided rigid collision and damaged spare part.

The utility model discloses a mechanical clamping device can be used for the centre gripping material such as cray, because cray's individual head size differs in size, and the hardness of shrimp shell differs moreover, consequently when pressing from both sides the less and/or the suitable cray of hardness of size, connecting block 501 can not make buffer spring 503 take place elastic deformation, if press from both sides the great and/or the great cray of hardness of size, then connecting block 501 can make buffer spring 503 take place elastic deformation, can not produce the rigidity impact like this in clamping device inside.

Each swing arm 301 is provided with a clamping part 3011 for clamping the material, one side of the clamping part 3011 close to the material is a clamping surface, the swing unit 300 further comprises a spring 60, wherein,

each clamping part 3011 is provided with the reed 60, preferably, the reed 60 is made of spring steel, which has good elasticity and high fatigue strength, and the reed 60 is bent to form multiple sections, the reed 60 includes a connecting section 601, a clamping section 602, and a spring section 603, which are connected together in sequence, the connecting section 601 is fixedly connected to the clamping part 3011, the shape of the connecting section 601 can be varied as long as the reed 60 can be fixed on a fixture, the clamping section 602 is correspondingly arranged at the clamping surface of the clamping part 3011 for clamping a material, the clamping section 602 is overall arc-shaped and arched with respect to the clamping surface, so that a cray can press the clamping section 602 towards the clamping surface of the clamping part 3011 during clamping, so that the clamping section 602 is attached to the clamping surface, so that the clamping section 602 is elastically deformed, and the spring section 603 is arranged obliquely with respect to the clamping surface, thus, the material can also extrude the elastic section 603, so that the elastic section 603 is elastically deformed;

the clamping portion 3011 is provided with a pin 604 on the clamping surface, the material clamping section 602 is provided with a through hole 605 at a position corresponding to the pin 604, and the pin 604 passes through the through hole 605, so that the pin 604 can pierce the inside of the material during the clamping process, and the material is not easy to slip out.

Further, the material ejecting section 603 is arranged at one end of the clamping portion 3011 close to the clamp base, and the included angle between the material ejecting section 603 and the clamping surface is an obtuse angle, so that the material can extrude the material ejecting section 603 more easily, and the material ejecting section 603 can be elastically deformed quickly.

When the crayfish is processed, the crayfish can be placed on the clamping device, the two swing arms 301 are matched to clamp the crayfish, in the clamping process, the contact pins 604 can pierce the shells of the crayfish and penetrate into the crayfish body, so that the crayfish is preliminarily fixed, and the crayfish is not easy to slip out in the process that the two swing arms 301 are continuously clamped; and the crayfish extrudes the clamping section 602 and the elastic section 603 in the clamping process, so that the clamping section 602 and the elastic section 603 are elastically deformed, after the processing is finished, the clamping device moves to an inverted state, the crayfish is loosened by the two swing arms 301, the clamping section 602 and the elastic section 603 apply elasticity to enable the crayfish to be automatically ejected, and therefore the clamping process is more reliable in fixing and ejecting the crayfish.

The lower end of the ejector rod 40 is supported by a slope block 401, and a slope 402 which is inclined relative to the horizontal plane is arranged on the slope block 401 and is used for controlling the up-and-down movement of the ejector rod 40; the pushing rod 40 can move up and down by the movement of the pushing rod 40 on the inclined plane 402, so that the sliding block 20 can be pushed to slide up and down along the guide plane, the sliding pin shaft 303 can be driven to slide in the guide sliding groove 203, and the swing arm 301 can be driven to swing around the central line of the swing hinge shaft 302, so that the two swing arms 301 can clamp or release materials.

A horizontal push rod 90 capable of moving longitudinally (moving along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal push rod 90) is installed on the clamp shell 10, and one end of the horizontal push rod 90 extends into and is connected with the inclined plane block 401 so as to be matched with a structure capable of pushing the horizontal push rod 90 to move longitudinally to push the inclined plane block 401 to move horizontally;

further, the inclined plane block 401 is further provided with horizontal sliding surfaces 403 at positions corresponding to the upper end and the lower end of the inclined plane 402, so that certain matching tolerance of each part of the separation device can be allowed, that is, when the ejector rod 40 and the inclined plane block 401 are driven by other structures to move, the ejector rod 40 can be allowed to move on the horizontal sliding surface 403 of the inclined plane block 401 for a short distance, and the swing arm 301 does not move at the moment, so that the assembly is not required to be accurate, and the manufacturing and assembly cost is reduced.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the two mechanical clamping devices 200 are matched together to separate the shrimp bodies and the shrimp tails of the crayfish, so that a set of shrimp body and shrimp tail separating mechanism is formed. The fixture housing 10 of at least one set of mechanical clamping devices 200 is movably mounted on the supporting frame 100, and the fixture housing 10 of at least one set of mechanical clamping devices is mounted with a longitudinally movable horizontal moving shaft 80 (movable along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal moving shaft 80) for driving the two clamping devices to approach or move away from each other. Preferably, the horizontal moving shaft 80 is parallel to the horizontal push rod 90; the longitudinal movement of the horizontal moving shaft 80 and the horizontal pushing rod 90 can be achieved by any existing pushing mechanism. After the two clamping devices respectively clamp the shrimp body and the shrimp tail of the crayfish, the horizontal moving shaft 80 can drive the two mechanical clamping devices 200 to be away from each other, the automatic separation of the shrimp body and the shrimp tail can be realized in the process of being away from the crayfish, the separation is convenient, then the two mechanical clamping devices 200 are close to each other, the crayfish is placed in the crayfish, and then the crayfish is separated, so that the crayfish body and the shrimp tail can be quickly separated.

Further, a return spring 70 is disposed between the support frame 100 and the clamp housing 10, which is pushed by the horizontal moving shaft 80, so as to allow the clamp housing 10 to automatically return, and thus only a pushing structure is needed to push one of the clamp housings 10 to be away from the other clamp housing 10, and the return (approach of the two clamp housings 10) after the clamp housing 10 is away from is realized by means of the elastic force of the return spring 70. In addition, a guide shaft 701 is horizontally provided on the support frame 100, a return spring 70 may be installed on the guide shaft 701, the jig housing 10, which may be pushed by a horizontal moving shaft 80, may be movably installed on the guide shaft 701 and a slide bearing is installed on the jig housing 10, and the horizontal moving shaft 80 passes through the other jig housing 10.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mechanical clamping device is characterized by comprising a clamp shell, a slide block, a clamping element and an ejector rod, wherein,

2. A mechanical clamping arrangement according to claim 1 wherein the ejector pin is connected to the slide by an intermediate link.

3. The mechanical clamping device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the intermediate connecting frame is located in the clamp housing, and the intermediate connecting frame includes a connecting block and a guide rod, the upper end of the ejector rod extends into the clamp housing and then is fixedly connected with the connecting block, the lower end of the ejector rod is exposed out of the clamp housing, and the ejector rod can move up and down relative to the clamp housing, the connecting block is movably mounted on the guide rod in a penetrating manner, the guide rod is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block; in addition, a buffer spring is vertically arranged between the connecting block and the sliding block.

4. The mechanical clamping device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the guide rods is more than two, and each guide rod is respectively provided with one buffer spring in a penetrating manner.

5. A mechanical clamping device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said damping spring is mounted through said guide bar and exerts a pre-load on said slider and said connecting block.

6. The mechanical clamping device as recited in claim 1, wherein the clamp housing comprises a housing body and a side cover plate that are removably coupled together.

7. The mechanical clamping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said slider includes a slider body and a wear member disposed on a side surface of said slider body, said wear member contacting said guide surface.

8. The mechanical clamping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said slider is a hollow housing structure and has an open upper end, and said swing arm has a lower end extending into said slider and connected to said sliding pin.