CN209801493U - Turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying kitchen waste by flue gas circulation - Google Patents

Abstract

the utility model provides an utilize dry kitchen garbage's of flue gas circulation turbulent boiling combined cycle fluidized bed. The device comprises a double-helix dryer, a feeding device and a hearth; a turbulence chamber for obliquely transferring the kitchen waste is arranged below the kitchen waste feeding port. The arrangement of the turbulent flow chamber can prolong the retention time of the kitchen waste in the hearth. Utilize a certain amount of air of high temperature flue gas mixing to reach the temperature of formula spiral dryer hot medium and come dry kitchen garbage, the kitchen garbage of mummification by feeder guarantee continuous even pay-off to furnace, this patent design utilizes flue gas circulation dry kitchen garbage and burn two independent devices and combine as an organic wholely, has effectively utilized the waste heat of burning the in-process, and the utility model provides a feeder has ensured that kitchen garbage evenly gets into furnace in succession.

Description

Turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying kitchen waste by flue gas circulation

Technical Field

This patent is the compound fluidized bed that boils of turbulent of utilizing flue gas circulation drying kitchen garbage belongs to refuse handling installation field, especially kitchen garbage incineration technical field.

Background

With the rapid development of the food industry, the yield and daily increase of the kitchen waste, more than 3000 tons of household waste are generated in a general big city every day, wherein the kitchen waste accounts for more than 50%. The kitchen waste refers to food processing leftovers and edible residues generated in catering industries such as restaurants, public dining halls and the like and in daily life of residents, takes organic substances such as starch, protein, dietary fiber, animal fat and the like as main components, and has the characteristics of high organic matter content, high water content, easiness in decay and odor and the like, so that the kitchen waste is a pollutant and a resource. According to incomplete statistics, the yield of the kitchen waste in China reaches 4500 kilotons in 2000, and the annual production of the kitchen waste in China is far more than 1 hundred million tons by 2017, for example, the annual increasing speed of the kitchen waste is 10 percent. The large amount of kitchen waste cannot be properly treated, which becomes a main problem of urban environmental pollution and seriously threatens the normal life and physical health of people. The kitchen waste is directly fed to animals, and the food chain short circulation is very easy to cause disease infection such as foot-and-mouth disease; the hogwash oil derived from swill is very easy to generate a carcinogen-aflatoxin, which is extremely harmful to human health; the kitchen waste in the garbage is easy to go bad, rot and breed germs, so that the spread of diseases is caused; the emitted malodorous gas pollutes the atmosphere; the direct landfill of the kitchen waste can generate a large amount of leachate to pollute surface water and underground water; the method for treating the deoiled and dehydrated kitchen waste by the incineration method has the advantages of volume reduction, rapidness, convenience, energy regeneration, versatility and the like. The final treatment measures of the deoiling and dewatering kitchen waste generally comprise a crushing direct discharge method, a landfill method, a fertilizer treatment, an energy treatment and the like.

(1) directly discharging: at present, kitchen waste is directly discarded in many countries, and the method undoubtedly has a great deal of waste and pollution. In addition, some countries adopt a method of discharging the kitchen waste into a municipal sewer network through a sewer after crushing, but the method easily generates sewage and odor, directly pollutes the environment, increases the breeding of germs and mosquitoes and flies and the spread of diseases, increases the pressure of refuse landfill and municipal sewage treatment plants, increases the investment and treatment cost of related systems, and is accompanied with the generation of secondary pollution.

(2) And (3) landfill treatment: landfill is the standard method of waste disposal today. However, the large amount of organic domestic waste and the landfill itself have potential environmental pollution problems, which make the landfill impossible to continue. An important problem with this type of treatment is the contamination of the leachate, which contaminates the groundwater as it penetrates into the soil and enters the groundwater. In addition, the methane escaping from the landfill site can also cause global warming. For example, korea states that all landfills no longer receive kitchen waste from 2005.

(3) The composting process comprises the following steps: the kitchen waste can be made into plant fertilizer after composting treatment so as to achieve the purpose of reduction treatment, and the compost is artificial humus and can increase the content of organic nutrients and humus in soil. Although the composting technology has the advantage of small investment, the technology has high energy consumption, 50-75 kW & h of energy is consumed for treating each ton of garbage, the economic value of the product is low, and the odor pollution generated in the composting process is serious. In addition, when the organic garbage compost with high water content (more than 60 percent) is used, the resistance of ventilation and oxygen supply is large, so that the oxygen supply of the compost body is uneven, the local anaerobic state appears, the compost body is difficult to reach the high-temperature stage, and the requirement of harmless sanitary treatment of the garbage can not be met.

In contrast, the incineration method is an effective recycling treatment method for kitchen waste, and has the advantages of reduction, rapidness, convenience, energy conservation, versatility and the like, and is increasingly paid attention. The method has the obvious advantages of most thorough treatment of the organic garbage, effective reduction of the garbage, capability of reducing the garbage by 90 percent or more and high economic benefit. However, the following problems are present in the actual incineration process:

The first problem is that: because the moisture content of the kitchen waste is more than 70 percent, and the drying is a high-energy-consumption process, the kitchen waste is dried to a certain degree, the cost is low, the device is simple, and the problem is solved; the second problem is that: when the dried kitchen waste is conveyed to a hearth, the uniform feeding of the kitchen waste cannot be ensured, and the positive pressure does not occur at a feeding port; the third problem is that: in traditional fluidized bed furnace, kitchen garbage is by feeder feed furnace, because traditional furnace all is upright furnace, kitchen garbage is directly whereabouts under the action of gravity, leads to various complex composition behind the kitchen garbage entering incinerator to burn out in the very short time, and its moisture is high, need absorb a large amount of heats and be used for evaporating moisture wherein after going into the stove, this makes combustion stability can not obtain the guarantee.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem that this patent will be solved provides an utilize direct drying of flue gas and carry kitchen garbage's device, is equipped with on being equipped with on the gyration hollow shaft and is spiral hollow blade, and is equipped with the doctor-bar on the blade, can get rid of the material of adhering to on the blade of facing, has prevented that kitchen garbage from wrapping the main shaft and rotating together and gluing the emergence of wall phenomenon, and heat transfer area is big, and drying speed improves drying effect greatly.

The technical problem that this patent will be solved secondly provides a structural design reasonable, prevents that kitchen garbage from blockking up, high-efficient practical mummification kitchen garbage income stove conveyor getting into the furnace in-process entering furnace.

The third technical problem that this patent will solve provides a turbulent combined cycle fluidized bed, through increasing turbulent flow chamber, makes before kitchen garbage advances the boiling chamber with regard to abundant drying and pyrolysis to it is abundant to make the kitchen garbage burning.

The technical scheme adopted by the patent for solving the technical problem is that the adopted double-helix dryer utilizing flue gas for drying comprises a frame, a drying chamber, an upper end cover, a feeding port, an exhaust port, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet and a motor; wherein the drying chamber of the double-helix dryer is a cylinder body with hollow lattice bar type intervals, a rotary hollow shaft and a spiral hollow blade are arranged in the cylinder body, the spiral hollow blade is coiled on the rotary hollow shaft, the hollow blade is provided with a scraping blade, the tail end of the spiral hollow blade is connected with the rotary hollow shaft into a whole, the cylinder body of the dryer is externally provided with a flue gas inlet pipe and a flue gas outlet pipe, the flue gas inlet pipe is connected with the first section of the spiral hollow blade, the flue gas outlet pipe is connected with the tail end of the hollow shaft, the upper end cover is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports, all the exhaust ports are connected on the same exhaust pipe, harmful gas and water vapor generated in the drying process are led to the tail gas inlet of a hearth from the exhaust ports through an exhaust pipe by a waste gas induced fan, thereby effectively treating the harmful gas and achieving the requirement of environmental protection, the dried kitchen waste is pushed to the rear end of the dryer by the spiral hollow blade, and the dried kitchen waste enters the inlet pipeline of the feeding device from the discharge hole.

The spiral hollow blades are provided with scraping pieces, an included angle is formed between the scraping pieces and the axial direction of the rotary hollow shaft, and the rotary hollow shaft is formed by two parallel horizontal arrangement.

This patent solves the used technical scheme who adopts of above-mentioned technical problem two and is this mummification kitchen garbage that utilizes dry kitchen garbage of flue gas circulation's turbulent combined cycle fluidized bed goes into stove feeder, and its characteristics are: the kitchen waste drying device comprises an air lock, a star-shaped feeding machine, an expansion joint, an access door, a feeding air pipe, a blanking pipe, a sealing air pipe, an electric gate valve and an auxiliary fuel pipeline, wherein the upper section of the blanking pipe is vertical, the lower end of the blanking pipe is inclined, the air lock is arranged at a material port of the upper section and is used for preventing high-temperature flue gas from entering the blanking pipe along with dried kitchen waste, the star-shaped feeding machine is arranged below the air lock, a pipeline with a certain length is arranged between the star-shaped feeding machine and the air lock and plays a role in storing raw materials, the expansion joint and the access door are arranged on the blanking pipe for ensuring that the star-shaped feeding machine has sufficient raw materials to be continuously and uniformly conveyed to a hearth, the electric gate valve is arranged on the blanking pipe, the electric gate valve is closed when the waste is not thrown, the electric gate valve can effectively prevent the feeding port from leaking air from the hearth and, it can effectually prevent that the feed inlet from emitting the malleation, the pay-off tuber pipe set up the opening in the slope section upper end of blanking pipe, supplementary fuel pipeline opening in the lower extreme of blanking pipe, supplementary fuel entry and kitchen garbage income fire door are same.

The oblique section inclination angle of the down pipe described in this patent is 65 °.

the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem three used adoption was solved to this patent is through increasing turbulent chamber, makes kitchen garbage just abundant drying and pyrolysis before getting into the boiling chamber to make the rubbish burning abundant. The turbulent chamber comprises an air distribution plate, and air caps which are arranged at a certain interval and are communicated with the outside and the turbulent chamber are distributed on the air distribution plate. The setting of turbulent chamber can make the dwell time of kitchen garbage in furnace increase, and more importantly, the high temperature wind energy that introduces from the hood makes the kitchen garbage dispersion of moving in the turbulent chamber region, dry, the pyrolysis, and the kitchen garbage through the pyrolysis gets into the boiling chamber with high rate combustion state. The heat energy generated by combustion in the boiling chamber and the heat energy carried by the circulating ash act on the kitchen waste in the turbulent chamber in a reverse strong convection mode, so that the physical change and the chemical reaction of the kitchen waste are promoted.

be equipped with cyclone, the main effect reduces the ash content of getting rid of most of flue gas, prevents the flue gas of drawing forth from circulating line, because the hot medium passageway of ash content jam double helix formula desiccator.

The hood is of a segment-ball structure, and the segment-ball hood can solve the problems of hanging and unsmooth flow of the kitchen waste in the movement process.

The lower part of the turbulent chamber is provided with an air chamber which can lead cross high-temperature wind with different speeds to enter the turbulent chamber at a stable speed.

The lower part of the turbulent chamber is provided with three air chambers which are arranged at equal intervals, and a plurality of air chambers are arranged, so that high-temperature flue gas can enter the turbulent chamber at a more stable speed.

The beneficial effect of this patent lies in:

1. the material attached to the opposite blade can be removed under the action of the scraping blade, the phenomena that the kitchen waste rotates together with the main shaft and is stuck to the wall are prevented, the heat transfer area is large, and the drying speed is greatly improved, so that the drying effect is good;

2. Energy conservation: according to the integrated drying and incinerating treatment device, the drying treatment device and the incinerating treatment device are organically combined into a whole, so that a large amount of energy consumed in the kitchen waste sensitizing process is reduced;

3. the operation cost is low: the feeding device adopted by the patent greatly reduces the blocking times of the kitchen waste, effectively increases the burning amount of the kitchen waste, and reduces the overhaul and labor cost caused by blocking;

4. And (3) environmental protection: in the utility model, the odor generated by the kitchen waste drying enters the hearth to be burned, so that the environmental pollution can not be generated;

5. The investment is saved: the utility model discloses combine mummification and burning two devices as an organic whole, reduced kitchen garbage's midway dump and transportation, practice thrift the investment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention

Fig. 1 includes: 1. the device comprises a feeding device, a 2, an air lock, a 3, a blanking pipe, a 4, a star-shaped feeder, a 5, an expansion joint, a 6, a feeding air pipe, a 7, an access door, a 8, a sealing air pipe, a 9, a pneumatic plugboard door, a 10, an auxiliary fuel pipeline, a 11, a turbulent boiling composite fluidized bed, a 12, an air chamber, a 13, an air distribution plate, a 14, a hood, a 15, a boiling chamber, a 16, a turbulent flow chamber, a 17, a tail gas inlet, a 18, a hearth upper part, a 19, a material returning device, a 20, a cyclone flow divider, a 21, a discharge flue, a 22, a branch port, a 23, a regulating valve, a 24, a flue gas induced draft fan, a 25, a circulating flue gas pipeline, a 26, a double-spiral dryer, a 27, a coupler, a 28, a motor, a 29, a speed reducer, a 30, a transmission device support, a 31, a flue gas inlet, An exhaust port 38, a charging port 39, a flue gas discharge pipeline 40, a flue gas inlet 41 and an upper end cover.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the utility model mainly comprises a double-screw dryer, a feeding device and a turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed; the drying chamber of the double-screw dryer is a cylinder with hollow lattice bar type intervals, a rotary hollow shaft and a spiral hollow blade are arranged in the cylinder, the spiral hollow blade is coiled on the rotary hollow shaft, the tail end of the spiral hollow blade is connected with the rotary hollow shaft into a whole, a medium inlet pipe and a medium outlet pipe are arranged outside the cylinder of the dryer, the medium inlet pipe is connected with the first section of the spiral hollow blade, and the medium outlet pipe is connected with the tail end of the rotary hollow shaft; the feeding device comprises an air lock, a star-shaped feeding machine, an electric gate valve, an expansion joint, a feeding air pipe, a sealing air pipe, an access door and a blanking pipe, wherein the blanking pipe is inclined from the upper half section to the vertical lower half section, the inclination angle of the inclined lower half section is 65 degrees, the air lock, the star-shaped feeding machine and the expansion joint are arranged on the blanking pipe, the upper end of the lower half section below the expansion joint is an opening of the feeding air pipe, the access door, the sealing air pipe and the electric gate valve are arranged below the feeding air pipe, the lower end of the lower half section is an opening of an auxiliary fuel pipeline, a kitchen waste feeding port is formed in a hearth, and the lower end of the blanking pipe is connected with the; turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed includes furnace and cyclone, and the furnace lower part is the boiling chamber, and it has the kitchen garbage entry to open at the furnace middle part, and the upper portion and the cyclone of furnace are linked together, and cyclone's lower part is passed through the feed back ware and is linked to each other its characterized in that with the boiling chamber: the below of kitchen garbage pan feeding mouth is equipped with the turbulence chamber that makes kitchen garbage slope transfer, and the turbulence chamber includes the grid plate, and the grid plate is gone up to have and arranges and feeds through external and the spherical segment formula hood of turbulence chamber according to a determining deviation, and the turbulence chamber lower part is equipped with the three plenum that the equidistance was arranged, is provided with branch mouth on the exhaust pipe on cyclone upper portion, branch mouth pass through the flue gas inlet of flue gas circulation pipeline with two spiral dryer and link to each other, the circulation pipeline on be equipped with external governing valve of switch-on and flue gas draught fan.

As shown in the figure, the working flow of the patent is as follows:

when the fluidized bed furnace is started, auxiliary fuel is firstly used for combustion, so that the temperature of a hearth reaches the corresponding temperature, a certain amount of air mixed with high-temperature smoke generated by the auxiliary fuel reaches the temperature of a heat medium of the double-screw dryer to dry kitchen waste, the spiral hollow blades and the hollow shaft rotate simultaneously to drive the kitchen waste to do spiral turnover movement from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet under the driving of the motor during working, the smoke enters the smoke inlet pipe from the smoke inlet, a part of the smoke enters the barrel interlayer of the drying chamber from the medium inlet pipe, the whole barrel is soaked along the grid direction, and finally the smoke outlet pipe enters the lower side of the drying chamber and is discharged from the smoke outlet pipe. The other part of smoke enters the spiral hollow blade through the smoke inlet pipe, enters the hollow shaft through the spiral hollow blade, finally enters the smoke discharge pipe and is discharged from the smoke discharge port, in the moving process, the spiral hollow blade, the hollow shaft and the drying chamber cylinder simultaneously heat and dry the materials, formed water vapor and harmful gas are instantly discharged from a plurality of exhaust ports on the upper end cover so as to prevent the generated water vapor from influencing the drying process, the waste gas led out from the exhaust pipe by the waste gas induced draft fan is led into a tail gas inlet in the middle of the hearth to be combusted, the harmful gas in the waste gas is removed, the materials are discharged from a discharge port on the lower side of the drying chamber, when a certain amount of dried kitchen waste is dried, the electric gate valve is opened, the conveying air and the seeding air are conveyed, the kitchen waste continuously and uniformly enters the hearth, and then the auxiliary fuel is stopped being used. Mummification kitchen garbage is imported from the feed pipe, and the airlock only allows mummification kitchen garbage to get into the pipeline, prevents that high temperature flue gas from getting into the feed pipe, and the raw materials are by the even continuous slope section that gets into the blanking pipe of star type feed, and in the feeding process, owing to be equipped with sealed tuber pipe, it can effectually prevent that the feed port from overflowing the malleation, the pay-off tuber pipe set up the opening in the slope section upper end of blanking pipe, broadcast the material tuber pipe opening in the lower extreme of blanking pipe, be equipped with pay-off tuber pipe and broadcast the material tuber pipe, lead to the material supply wind, broadcast the material wind, not only can guarantee that mummification kitchen garbage goes into the stove smoothly, can guarantee that mummification kitchen garbage scatters evenly when going into the stove again, reduce to the burning in the stove influence slope section upper end and be equipped with pay-off tuber pipe opening, mummification kitchen garbage gets into furnace's the torrefaction room of furnace cap, Drying and pyrolyzing, and feeding the pyrolyzed kitchen waste into a boiling chamber in a high-speed combustion state. The heat energy generated by combustion in the boiling chamber and the heat energy carried by the circulating ash act on the kitchen waste in the turbulent chamber in a reverse strong convection mode, so that the physical change and the chemical reaction of the kitchen waste are promoted.

Claims (6)

1. A turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for circularly drying kitchen waste by using flue gas comprises a double-screw dryer, a feeding device and a turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed;

The double-helix dryer comprises a frame, a drying chamber, an upper end cover, a feeding port, an exhaust port, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet and a motor; wherein the drying chamber of the double-helix dryer is a cylinder with hollow lattice bar type intervals, a rotary hollow shaft and a spiral hollow blade are arranged in the cylinder, the spiral hollow blade is coiled on the rotary hollow shaft, a scraping blade is arranged on the hollow blade, the tail end of the spiral hollow blade is connected with the rotary hollow shaft into a whole, a flue gas inlet pipe and a flue gas discharge pipe are arranged outside the cylinder with the hollow lattice bar type intervals, the flue gas inlet pipe is connected with the first section of the spiral hollow blade, the flue gas discharge pipe is connected with the tail end of the hollow shaft, the upper end cover is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports, all the exhaust ports are connected on the same exhaust pipe, harmful gas and vapor generated in the drying process are led to a tail gas inlet of a hearth from the exhaust ports through an exhaust pipe by a waste gas induced draft fan, so that the harmful gas can be effectively treated, the method is characterized in that the method meets the requirement of environmental protection, the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet is treated by the flue gas and discharged into the atmosphere, the dried kitchen waste is pushed to the rear end of a dryer by a spiral hollow blade, and the dried kitchen waste enters an inlet pipeline of a feeding device from a discharge hole;

The feeding device comprises an air lock, a star-shaped feeding machine, an expansion joint, an access door, a feeding air pipe, a blanking pipe, a sealing air pipe, a pneumatic flashboard door and an auxiliary fuel pipeline, wherein the feeding air pipe is provided with an opening at the upper end of the blanking pipe, the upper section of the blanking pipe is vertical, the lower end of the blanking pipe is inclined, the inclination angle of the inclined section of the blanking pipe is 65 degrees, the upper section of the material pipe is provided with the air lock which is used for preventing high-temperature flue gas from entering the blanking pipe along with dried garbage, the star-shaped feeding machine is arranged below the air lock, but a pipeline with a certain length is arranged between the air lock and plays a role in storing raw materials, sufficient raw materials are continuously and uniformly conveyed to a hearth for ensuring the star shape, the expansion joint and the access door are arranged on the blanking pipe, and the electric flashboard valve is arranged for closing the electric flashboard valve when the garbage is not thrown into the hearth, so that the air, in the feeding process, the sealed air pipe is arranged, so that the feeding port can be effectively prevented from emitting positive pressure, the auxiliary fuel pipeline is opened at the lower end of the blanking pipe, and the auxiliary fuel inlet and the kitchen waste furnace inlet are the same;

turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed includes furnace and cyclone, and the furnace lower part is the boiling chamber, and it has the kitchen garbage pan feeding mouth to open at the furnace middle part, and the upper portion and the cyclone of furnace are linked together, and cyclone's lower part is passed through the feed back ware and is linked to each other its characterized in that with the boiling chamber: the below of kitchen garbage pan feeding mouth is equipped with the turbulent chamber that makes kitchen garbage slope transfer, and the turbulent chamber includes the grid, and the grid goes up to have and arranges and feeds through the hood external with the turbulent chamber according to the determining deviation, and the setting up of turbulent chamber can make kitchen garbage dwell time in furnace increase, is provided with branch mouth on the exhaust pipe on cyclone upper portion, branch mouth pass through the flue gas inlet of flue gas circulation pipeline with rotation spiral dryer and link to each other, the circulation pipeline on be equipped with the external governing valve of switch-on and flue gas draught fan, utilize the temperature that a certain amount of air of high temperature flue gas mixing reaches rotation spiral dryer hot-medium to dry kitchen garbage.

2. The turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying the kitchen waste by flue gas circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rotary hollow shafts are two parallel and horizontally arranged.

3. The turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying the kitchen waste by flue gas circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the kitchen waste feeding port and the boiling chamber are provided with a turbulence chamber capable of enabling the kitchen waste to be obliquely transferred, the turbulence chamber comprises an air distribution plate, and air caps which are arranged at a certain interval and communicated with the outside and the turbulence chamber are arranged on the air distribution plate.

4. the turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying the kitchen waste by flue gas circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the hood is of a segment-ball structure.

5. The turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying the kitchen waste by flue gas circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lower part of the turbulent chamber is provided with an air chamber.

6. The turbulent boiling composite circulating fluidized bed for drying the kitchen waste by flue gas circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lower part of the turbulent chamber is provided with three air chambers which are arranged at equal intervals.