CN209776185U - Fuel cell system, power system for electric vehicle and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Fuel cell system, power system for electric vehicle and electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209776185U
CN209776185U CN201822183150.7U CN201822183150U CN209776185U CN 209776185 U CN209776185 U CN 209776185U CN 201822183150 U CN201822183150 U CN 201822183150U CN 209776185 U CN209776185 U CN 209776185U
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fuel cell
cell stack
power
hydrogen
air cooling
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CN201822183150.7U
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黄洋
宋佳妮
张成阳
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BAIC Motor Co Ltd
Beijing Automotive Group Co Ltd
Beijing Automotive Research Institute Co Ltd
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BAIC Motor Co Ltd
Beijing Automotive Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell system, a power system for an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply device, an oxygen supply device and a fuel cell controller, and further comprises: the air cooling device is used for cooling the fuel cell stack and comprises an air cooling fan and an air cooling air duct, wherein an air blowing opening is formed in the air cooling air duct, one part of the air cooling air duct is arranged adjacent to the fuel cell stack, and the other part of the air cooling air duct is arranged inside the fuel cell stack; and the fuel cell stack is used for generating electric energy by the chemical reaction of the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply device. Therefore, the temperature of the inside and the outside of the fuel cell stack can be simultaneously reduced, so that the fuel cell stack is sufficiently cooled, the weight and the volume of the fuel cell system can be reduced, and the portability of the fuel cell system is improved.

Description

Fuel cell system, power system for electric vehicle and electric vehicle
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of new energy electric vehicles, in particular to a fuel cell system, a power system for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle.
Background
the new energy electric vehicle has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, and becomes the direction of research and development of a new generation of vehicles. In recent years, although the technology of new energy electric vehicles has been greatly developed, technical challenges still exist in the research and development and industrialization processes, for example, the problem that the driving range of the whole vehicle after one charging is short due to short service life of the power battery, long charging time and low energy density is solved.
The extended-range electric vehicle is suitable for increasing the driving range of the whole vehicle due to the fact that the driving range of the pure electric vehicle after being charged once is short. The range-extended electric vehicle is a new energy electric vehicle provided with a vehicle-mounted range extender on the basis of a pure electric vehicle, so that the cruising ability of the electric vehicle is greatly improved. The range-extended electric vehicle mainly uses a power battery as a driving energy source, and the vehicle-mounted range extender generally uses a fuel cell system.
the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system generates heat during operation, so that the fuel cell stack needs to be cooled, and at present, two cooling methods, namely water cooling and air cooling, are mainly adopted. The water cooling is to design a water flow channel in the fuel cell stack, and to cool the fuel cell stack by using water, although the cooling effect is good, the structure of the fuel cell stack is complicated, so that the weight and volume of the whole fuel cell system are increased. Air cooling is to cool the fuel cell stack by a cooling fan, and although portability of the fuel cell system is improved, the cooling effect is not good.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To overcome the problems in the related art, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell system, a power system for an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply device, an oxygen supply device, and a fuel cell controller, the fuel cell system further including:
The air cooling device is used for cooling the fuel cell stack and comprises an air cooling fan and an air cooling duct, wherein an air blowing opening is formed in the air cooling duct, one part of the air cooling duct is arranged close to the fuel cell stack, and the other part of the air cooling duct is arranged inside the fuel cell stack;
The hydrogen supply device is connected with the fuel cell stack and used for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack;
The oxygen supply device is connected with the fuel cell stack and is used for supplying oxygen to the fuel cell stack;
the fuel cell controller is connected with the fuel cell stack and is used for controlling the operation of the fuel cell stack;
And the fuel cell stack is used for generating electric energy by the chemical reaction of the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply device.
Optionally, the fuel cell stack is a self-humidifying proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Alternatively, the hydrogen gas supply device includes:
The fuel cell stack comprises a hydrogen source and an air inlet valve, wherein the hydrogen source is connected with the fuel cell stack through the air inlet valve.
optionally, the intake valve is a solenoid valve.
according to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a power system for an electric vehicle, including a DC/DC converter, a power battery system, a motor controller, a driving motor, and a vehicle controller, the power system further including:
The fuel cell system is connected with the driving motor sequentially through a relay, the DC/DC converter, the power storage battery system and the motor controller and is used for charging the power storage battery system through the DC/DC converter when the power storage battery system is insufficient in electric quantity, wherein the fuel cell system is the fuel cell system provided by the first aspect of the disclosure;
And the vehicle control unit is respectively connected with the DC/DC converter, the power storage battery system and the motor controller through CAN buses and is used for controlling and managing the power system.
optionally, the DC/DC converter comprises a DC/DC topology conversion and a DC/DC controller;
One end of the DC/DC controller is connected with the DC/DC topology conversion, and the other end of the DC/DC controller is connected with the whole vehicle controller;
And the input end of the DC/DC topological transformation is connected with the fuel cell system through the relay, and the output end of the DC/DC topological transformation is connected with the power storage battery system.
optionally, the power battery system comprises a power battery pack and a battery management system;
One end of the battery management system is connected with the power battery pack, and the other end of the battery management system is connected with the vehicle control unit;
The input end of the power battery pack is connected with the output end of the DC/DC converter, and the output end of the power battery pack is connected with the driving motor through the motor controller and used for providing electric energy for the driving motor.
Optionally, the power battery pack is a terpolymer lithium battery.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electric vehicle including the power system for an electric vehicle provided in the second aspect of the present disclosure.
In the above technical scheme, the air cooling device in the fuel cell system comprises an air cooling fan and an air cooling air duct, wherein an air blowing opening is formed in the air cooling air duct, one part of the air cooling air duct is arranged adjacent to the fuel cell stack, and the other part of the air cooling air duct is arranged inside the fuel cell stack. Like this, can cool down simultaneously to the inside and the outside of fuel cell pile for the fuel cell pile fully cools off, and, can reduce fuel cell system's weight and volume, thereby promotes fuel cell system's portability.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a powertrain for an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a fuel cell system according to another exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a powertrain for an electric vehicle according to another exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a powertrain for an electric vehicle according to another exemplary embodiment.
Description of the reference numerals
1 fuel cell system 2DC/DC converter
3 power battery system 4 motor controller
5 driving motor 6 vehicle control unit
7 relay 8 transmission system
11 fuel cell stack 12 hydrogen supply device
13 oxygen supply device 14 fuel cell controller
21DC/DC topological conversion of 15 air cooling device
22DC/DC controller 31 power battery pack
32 Battery management System 121 Hydrogen Source
122 air inlet valve 151 air cooling fan
152 air cooling air duct 1211 high-pressure hydrogen tank
1212 primary pressure relief valve 1213 secondary pressure relief valve
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a powertrain for an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 1, the power system may include: the system comprises a fuel cell system 1, a DC/DC converter 2, a power storage battery system 3, a motor controller 4, a driving motor 5 and a vehicle control unit 6. The power storage battery system 3 is a vehicle-mounted main energy source of the electric vehicle, and the fuel battery system 1 is a vehicle-mounted range extender. As shown in figure 1, the fuel cell system 1 is connected with the driving motor 5 sequentially through the relay 7, the DC/DC converter 2, the power storage battery system 3 and the motor controller 4, and can charge the power storage battery system 3 through the DC/DC converter 2 when the electric quantity of the power storage battery system 3 is insufficient, so that the motor 5 is driven through the motor controller 4, and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is improved.
specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system 1 may include a fuel cell stack 11, a hydrogen supply device 12, an oxygen supply device 13, a fuel cell controller 14, and an air cooling device 15.
the hydrogen supply device 12 is connected to the fuel cell stack 11, and can be used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 11.
In the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen supply device 12 may include a hydrogen source 121 and an air intake valve 122, wherein the hydrogen source 121 is connected to the fuel cell stack 11 through the air intake valve 122 to provide hydrogen required for reaction to the fuel cell stack 11 through the air intake valve 122. The intake valve 122 may be, for example, an air-operated valve, an electromagnetic valve, or the like.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the hydrogen source 121 may include a high pressure hydrogen tank 1211, a primary pressure reducing valve 1212, and a secondary pressure reducing valve 1213. The high-pressure hydrogen tank 1211 is connected to the fuel cell stack 11 through a primary pressure reducing valve 1212, a secondary pressure reducing valve 1213, and an intake valve 122 in this order. Thus, the hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen tank 1211 passes through the primary pressure reducing valve 1212, the secondary pressure reducing valve 1213, and the gas inlet valve 122 in this order to supply hydrogen required for the reaction to the fuel cell stack 11.
In addition, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen tank 1211 is within a range of 0 to 35bar, the pressure of the hydrogen after passing through the primary pressure reducing valve 1212 is 0 to 8.6bar, the pressure of the hydrogen after passing through the secondary pressure reducing valve 1213 is 0 to 0.6bar, and then the hydrogen required for the reaction is supplied to the fuel cell stack 11 through the air inlet valve 122.
In another embodiment, the hydrogen source 121 may be a hydrogen reactor, which obtains hydrogen gas by using a sodium borohydride aqueous solution to reinforce a state catalyst, mixing solid sodium borohydride and a catalyst, adding water, adding a solid sodium borohydride and a catalyst solution, and then providing hydrogen gas needed for the reaction to the fuel cell stack 11 through the gas inlet valve 122.
And an oxygen supply device 13 connected to the fuel cell stack 11 for supplying oxygen to the fuel cell stack 11.
And a fuel cell controller 14 connected to the fuel cell stack 11 for controlling the operation of the fuel cell stack 11.
A fuel cell stack 11 for generating electric power (direct current) and water by chemically reacting hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen supply device 12 and oxygen supplied from an oxygen supply device 13, and then charging the power storage battery system 3 with the direct current through a DC/DC converter 2.
in addition, since the fuel cell stack 11 generates heat during operation, the present disclosure provides an air cooling device 15 to cool the fuel cell stack 11. As shown in fig. 1, the air cooling device 15 may include an air cooling fan 151 and an air cooling duct 152, wherein a portion of the air cooling duct 152 is disposed adjacent to the fuel cell stack 11, another portion of the air cooling duct 152 is disposed inside the fuel cell stack 11 (not shown in the figure), and an air blowing port is opened on the air cooling duct 152. In this way, the air cooling device 15 can cool the inside and the outside of the fuel cell stack 11 at the same time, so that the fuel cell stack 11 can be sufficiently cooled.
as shown in fig. 4, the DC/DC converter 2 may include a DC/DC topology converter 21 and a DC/DC controller 22. One end of the DC/DC controller 22 is connected with the DC/DC topology conversion 21, and the other end is connected with the vehicle control unit 6; and the input end of the DC/DC topology conversion 21 is connected with the fuel cell system 1 through a relay 7, and the output end of the DC/DC topology conversion is connected with the power storage battery system 3. In this way, the electric energy transmitted by the fuel cell system 1 is converted by the DC/DC converter 2 and then controllably charged in the power storage battery system 3, wherein the controllably charged power is transmitted from the vehicle control unit 6 to the DC/DC controller 22 via the CAN bus.
as shown in fig. 5, the power storage battery system 3 may include a power battery pack 31 and a battery management system 32. One end of the battery management system 32 is connected with the power battery pack 31, and the other end is connected with the vehicle control unit 6, and the battery management system can be used for acquiring information such as electric quantity, voltage, current and temperature of the power battery pack 31; and the input end of the power battery pack 31 is connected with the output end of the DC/DC converter 2, and the output end of the power battery pack is connected with the driving motor 5 through the motor controller 4 and used for providing electric energy for the driving motor 5. Moreover, the power battery pack 31 may be a lithium-ion polymer battery, a lithium-iron-phosphate battery, a super capacitor, or the like.
The motor controller 4 and the driving motor 5 can convert the electric energy into mechanical energy, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the driving motor 5 can be connected with the transmission system 8, so that the driving motor 5 can drive the whole vehicle to run by combining a gearbox and a drive axle in the transmission system 8.
As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle control unit 6 is connected to the DC/DC converter 2, the power storage battery system 3, and the motor controller 4 through the CAN bus, respectively, and it may be used to control and manage a power system for an electric vehicle, that is, the vehicle control unit 6 is a core execution component of the power system for the electric vehicle. The vehicle control unit 6 may also be connected to the relay 7 and an air inlet valve 122 (not shown) in the fuel cell system 1, and may also be used to control the air inlet valve 122 and the relay 7 directly through the I/O port according to the electric quantity of the power storage battery system 3 and the battery state of the fuel cell stack 11, so as to control the amount of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 11.
In the above technical scheme, the air cooling device in the fuel cell system comprises an air cooling fan and an air cooling air duct, wherein an air blowing opening is formed in the air cooling air duct, one part of the air cooling air duct is arranged adjacent to the fuel cell stack, and the other part of the air cooling air duct is arranged inside the fuel cell stack. Like this, can cool down simultaneously to the inside and the outside of fuel cell pile for the fuel cell pile fully cools off, and, can reduce fuel cell system's weight and volume, thereby promotes fuel cell system's portability.
In addition, the fuel cell stack 11 may be a self-humidifying proton exchange membrane fuel cell, so that water generated by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 11 may enter the self-humidifying proton exchange membrane to humidify the self-humidifying proton exchange membrane without humidifying hydrogen or air, thereby greatly simplifying the system structure of the fuel cell and reducing the system cost.
the present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle, which may include the above power system for an electric vehicle provided by the present disclosure.
the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
in addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack (11), a hydrogen gas supply device (12), an oxygen gas supply device (13), a fuel cell controller (14), characterized by further comprising:
the air cooling device (15) is used for cooling the fuel cell stack (11), wherein the air cooling device (15) comprises an air cooling fan (151) and an air cooling air duct (152), an air blowing port is formed in the air cooling air duct (152), one part of the air cooling air duct (152) is arranged close to the fuel cell stack (11), and the other part of the air cooling air duct (152) is arranged inside the fuel cell stack (11);
Wherein the hydrogen supply device (12) is connected with the fuel cell stack (11) and is used for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (11);
the oxygen supply device (13) is connected with the fuel cell stack (11) and is used for supplying oxygen to the fuel cell stack (11);
The fuel cell controller (14) is connected with the fuel cell stack (11) and is used for controlling the operation of the fuel cell stack (11);
And the fuel cell stack (11) is used for generating electric energy by the chemical reaction of the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply device (12) and the oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply device (13).
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell stack (11) is a self-humidifying proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
3. the fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas supply device (12) includes:
A hydrogen source (121) and an air inlet valve (122), wherein the hydrogen source (121) is connected with the fuel cell stack (11) through the air inlet valve (122).
4. A fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen source (121) comprises:
The fuel cell stack comprises a high-pressure hydrogen tank (1211), a primary pressure reducing valve (1212) and a secondary pressure reducing valve (1213), wherein the high-pressure hydrogen tank (1211) is connected with the fuel cell stack (11) sequentially through the primary pressure reducing valve (1212), the secondary pressure reducing valve (1213) and the air inlet valve (122).
5. The fuel cell system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the intake valve (122) is a solenoid valve.
6. A power system for an electric vehicle, comprising a DC/DC converter (2), a power storage battery system (3), a motor controller (4), a drive motor (5), a vehicle control unit (6), characterized in that the power system further comprises:
The fuel cell system (1) is connected with the driving motor (5) sequentially through a relay (7), the DC/DC converter (2), the power storage battery system (3) and the motor controller (4) and is used for charging the power storage battery system (3) through the DC/DC converter (2) when the power storage battery system (3) is low in electricity quantity, wherein the fuel cell system (1) is the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-5;
and the vehicle control unit (6) is respectively connected with the DC/DC converter (2), the power storage battery system (3) and the motor controller (4) through a CAN bus and is used for controlling and managing the power system.
7. A power system according to claim 6, characterized in that the DC/DC converter (2) comprises a DC/DC topology converter (21) and a DC/DC controller (22);
One end of the DC/DC controller (22) is connected with the DC/DC topology conversion (21), and the other end of the DC/DC controller is connected with the whole vehicle controller (6);
And the input end of the DC/DC topological transformation (21) is connected with the fuel cell system (1) through the relay (7), and the output end of the DC/DC topological transformation is connected with the power storage battery system (3).
8. A power system according to claim 6, characterized in that the power battery system (3) comprises a power battery pack (31) and a battery management system (32);
One end of the battery management system (32) is connected with the power battery pack (31), and the other end of the battery management system is connected with the whole vehicle controller (6);
The input end of the power battery pack (31) is connected with the output end of the DC/DC converter (2), and the output end of the power battery pack is connected with the driving motor (5) through the motor controller (4) and used for providing electric energy for the driving motor (5).
9. the power system of claim 8, wherein the power battery pack (31) is a lithium-terpolymer battery.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the power system for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
CN201822183150.7U 2018-12-24 2018-12-24 Fuel cell system, power system for electric vehicle and electric vehicle Active CN209776185U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114103670A (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-01 张家口市氢能科技有限公司 Unmanned chassis vehicle for hydrogen fuel cell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114103670A (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-01 张家口市氢能科技有限公司 Unmanned chassis vehicle for hydrogen fuel cell

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