CN209759083U - Electrode device of pulse fluidized bed - Google Patents
Electrode device of pulse fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN209759083U CN209759083U CN201822041829.2U CN201822041829U CN209759083U CN 209759083 U CN209759083 U CN 209759083U CN 201822041829 U CN201822041829 U CN 201822041829U CN 209759083 U CN209759083 U CN 209759083U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a pulse fluidized bed electrode device, which structurally comprises a liquid supply system, a fluidized bed and an electrode system; the liquid supply system consists of a liquid storage tank, a magnetic pump, a piston pump and a rotor flowmeter; the fluidized bed comprises a rectangular bed body and a pre-distributor, wherein a fluidized liquid outlet is formed in the side wall of the upper part of the bed body, and a discharge hole is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the bed body; the electrode system consists of a direct current stable power supply, an anode plate, a cathode plate and an anode diaphragm; the device is suitable for the electrolysis of the wastewater containing the heavy metal ions, reduces or eliminates the bad phenomena of dead zones, channeling, particle bonding and the like in fluidization, improves the current efficiency and the space-time benefit of the fluidized bed electrode, and reduces the treatment cost of the wastewater containing the heavy metal ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of treating heavy metal ion-containing wastewater by an electrochemical method, and relates to a fluidized bed electrode device.
Background
A large amount of heavy metal ion wastewater is generated in the production processes of industries such as mines, metallurgy, electroplating, electronic product manufacturing, printing and dyeing, pesticides and the like, and the wastewater containing the heavy metal ions enters water and soil, so that the growth and the propagation of organisms are inhibited, and the ecological cycle is damaged. And because the heavy metal ions discharged into the environment can not be biodegraded or converted into harmless substances, the heavy metal ions are accumulated in animal bodies and plants and finally enter human bodies through food chains, and the health of people can be seriously harmed. Therefore, the development of an efficient and economic treatment and recovery technology for heavy metal ion wastewater has great practical significance.
The treatment method of the metal ion wastewater is various, and a chemical precipitation method and an electrolysis method are commonly used. The chemical precipitation method for treating the wastewater containing the heavy metal ions is based on precipitation reaction, and a proper precipitator is selected to react with the heavy metal ions to generate precipitates, so that the precipitates are separated and removed from the wastewater. The method needs chemical drugs such as oxidant, precipitator, flocculating agent and the like, has the problems of secondary pollution, complex treatment process and the like, and has large equipment volume and low metal recovery rate. The electrolysis method utilizes metal ions to reduce and deposit at a cathode to achieve the purpose of removing and simultaneously recovering the metal ions in the wastewater. The electrolytic method is adopted to treat the wastewater containing heavy metal ions, generally, no chemical is needed to be added, the operation is flexible and simple, the flow is simple, the metal can be directly recovered, no secondary pollution is generated, and the method is generally called as a cleaning treatment method. But when the concentration of metal ions in the solution is low (e.g. less than 1 g.l)-1) The traditional flat-plate electrochemical reactor has the advantages of large concentration polarization, low current efficiency and high recovery cost. Therefore, how to reduce concentration polarization, improve current efficiency and reduce recovery cost is the key of the electrolysis method.
In response to the shortcomings of flat electrodes in low concentration wastewater treatment, researchers have conducted extensive research on fluidized bed electrodes. The fluidized bed electrode is formed by filling conductive particles as a fluidized cathode between electrodes of a traditional two-dimensional electrolytic cell, adjusting the flow rate of electrolyte to fluidize the particles, introducing an electric field, charging the surfaces of the particle electrodes, and generating electrochemical reaction on the surfaces of the particles. Because of the random movement of the particles and the frequent collision among the particles, the mass transfer and charge transfer rate between the liquid and the particles is greatly accelerated, so that the phenomena of concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization are greatly weakened, the current efficiency of the reactor can be obviously improved, and the treatment cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the specific surface area of the fluidized bed electrode is hundreds of times of that of the flat plate electrode, so that the electrochemical reaction can be carried out under larger tank current, the reaction rate of the reactor in unit volume is greatly increased, the equipment volume is greatly reduced, and the occupied space is also reduced. In addition, the fluidized bed electrode has simple structure, convenient replacement of electrode pole pieces and convenient cleaning of particles, so the construction and maintenance cost of the reactor is low. Therefore, the fluidized bed electrode can obtain higher current efficiency and considerable space-time benefit when used for treating the wastewater containing heavy metal ions, and is particularly suitable for treating the wastewater containing low-concentration metal ions which cannot be effectively treated by other methods. However, studies show that, in order to maintain a high current efficiency, the fluidized bed electrode needs to be operated under a low bed expansion rate condition, and if a conventional fluidized bed is adopted, the fluidization is unstable, a 'channeling' and a 'dead zone' are easy to occur, and agglomeration is generated in the dead zone, so that the operation is difficult to be continuously and stably carried out, and the superiority of the fluidized bed electrode is not fully exerted, and the application of the fluidized bed electrode is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a pulse fluidized bed electrode device aiming at the defects of the existing fluidized bed electrode, so as to reduce or eliminate the defects of channeling, dead zones, particle adhesion and the like in the fluidization process, improve the current efficiency and the space-time benefit of the fluidized bed electrode and reduce the treatment cost of the wastewater containing heavy metal ions.
The pulse fluidized bed electrode comprises a liquid supply system, a fluidized bed and an electrode system. The liquid supply system consists of a liquid storage tank, a magnetic pump, a piston pump and a rotor flowmeter; the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is provided with two branch pipelines, and the first branch is communicated with the magnetic pump and the rotor flow meter in sequence through pipelines to form a stable liquid branch; and the second branch is communicated with a liquid inlet of the piston pump through a pipeline to form a pulse liquid branch, and the two branch pipelines are combined at the liquid inlet of the fluidized bed to enter the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed comprises a rectangular bed body and a pre-distributor; the bottom of the bed body is provided with a pre-distributor which is an inverted quadrangular pyramid, and the vertex angle at the lower end is provided with a liquid inlet which is used for being connected with a liquid supply pipe after a stable liquid branch and a pulse liquid branch of a liquid supply system are combined; the upper end of the pre-distributor is provided with a rectangular perforated plate as a distribution plate, and a layer of filter screen is laid on the distribution plate; the side wall of the upper part of the bed body is provided with a fluidized liquid outlet, and the side wall of the lower part of the bed body is provided with a discharge hole. The electrode system consists of a direct current stable power supply, an anode plate, a cathode plate and an anode diaphragm; the anode plate and the cathode plate are fixed in the slots at the two sides of the bed body, the anode diaphragm is attached to the anode plate, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of the power supply through leads. In the pulse fluidized bed electrode device, an ammeter for testing current density is arranged between the positive outlet of the direct current power supply and the anode plate, and a voltmeter for testing circuit voltage is arranged between the positive outlet and the negative outlet of the direct current power supply.
The pulse fluidized bed electrode device is used for sampling and measuring the concentration of metal ions in solution from a liquid outlet of the fluidized bed at regular time.
the working process of the pulse fluidized bed electrode device comprises the following steps: adding a certain amount of electrolyte into a liquid storage tank, adding metal particles from the top of the fluidized bed, starting a magnetic pump and a piston pump, and dividing the electrolyte at the outlet of the liquid storage tank into two branches. The first branch is communicated with the magnetic pump and the rotameter in sequence through a pipeline to form a stable liquid branch, and the stable fluidizing liquid enables particles to be stable and fluidized at a low expansion rate; the second branch is communicated with a liquid inlet of the piston pump through a pipeline to form a pulse liquid branch, the pulse liquid enables the bed layer to be loosened periodically, channeling and particle bonding are reduced, and the two branch pipelines are combined at the liquid inlet of the fluidized bed to enter the fluidized bed. The fluidizing liquid penetrates through the metal particles in the bed layer to drive the particles to fluidize, and then the fluidizing liquid returns to the electrolytic bath through a circulating liquid outlet at the upper part of the fluidized bed body through a pipeline. After the fluidization is stable, an electrode power supply is switched on, the conductive particles are charged by continuously contacting the cathode plate or by mutual contact among the particles, and metal ions in the fluidization liquid obtain electrons on the surfaces of the particles and are deposited on the surfaces of the particles. In the fluidization process, the current and voltage of the electrode system are set by adjusting a current meter and a voltage meter, after electrolysis is carried out for a period of time, the fluidized liquid is sampled from a fluidized liquid outlet, and the concentration of metal ions in the electrolyte is measured, so that the effect of the electrode fluidized bed is judged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a new treatment device for wastewater containing heavy metal ions, which is suitable for a fluidized bed with low bed expansion rate;
(2) The pulse fluidized bed electrode device introduces pulse fluidized liquid into the fluidized bed electrode, the pulse fluidized liquid is favorable for promoting the periodic dispersion of particles, inhibiting channeling and particle bonding, realizing the stable fluidization of metal particles and further improving the treatment efficiency of the wastewater containing heavy metal ions. The pulse liquid is introduced into the fluidized bed, and the stable fluidized liquid and the pulse fluidized liquid are coordinated, so that the accumulation mode of particles in the fluidized bed is continuously and periodically changed, the energy consumption is reduced, the treatment effect is good, the technical problems of channeling, dead zones and the like in the fluidizing process of a common fluidized bed electrode are solved, uniform and stable fluidization of the particles is realized, the bed expansion rate is low, and the copper recovery effect is better;
(3) The pulse fluidized bed electrode device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and strong adaptability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed fluidized bed electrode device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluidized bed electrode of the pulsed fluidized bed electrode device according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-liquid storage tank, 2-piston pump, 3-magnetic pump, 4-rotor flowmeter, 5-interface, 6-predistributor, 7-bed body, 8-cathode plate, 9-circulating liquid outlet, 10-anode diaphragm, 11-anode plate, 12-discharge hole, 13-ammeter, 14-voltmeter and 15-direct current stabilized power supply.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
The pulsed fluidized bed electrode assembly of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments.
Examples
In this embodiment, the structure of the pulse fluidized bed electrode device is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the pulse fluidized bed electrode device of the present invention includes a liquid supply system, a fluidized bed and an electrode system; the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage tank 1, a piston pump 2, a magnetic pump 3 and a rotor flow meter 4, wherein two branch pipelines are arranged at a liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank, a first branch pipeline is communicated with the magnetic pump and the rotor flow meter in sequence through pipelines to form a stable liquid branch pipeline, and a second branch pipeline is communicated with the magnetic pump and the rotor flow meter through pipelines to form a stable liquid branch pipelineThe pipeline is communicated with a liquid inlet of the piston pump to form a pulse liquid branch, and the two branch pipelines are combined at the liquid inlet of the fluidized bed and enter the fluidized bed; the fluidized bed comprises a rectangular bed body 7 and a pre-distributor 6; the bottom of the bed body is provided with a pre-distributor which is an inverted quadrangular pyramid, the vertex angle of the lower end of the pre-distributor is provided with a liquid inlet 5 and is used for being connected with a liquid supply pipe after a stable branch and a pulse liquid branch of a liquid supply system are combined, the upper end of the pre-distributor is provided with a rectangular perforated plate serving as a distribution plate, and a layer of filter screen is laid on the distribution plate; a circulating liquid outlet 9 is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the bed body, and a discharge hole 12 is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the bed body; the electrode system consists of a direct current stable power supply 15, an anode plate 11, a cathode plate 8 and an anode diaphragm 10; the anode plate and the cathode plate are fixed in the slots at the two sides of the bed body, the anode diaphragm is attached to the anode plate, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of the power supply through leads. The fluidized bed cylinder is a cuboid and made of organic glass with the thickness of 5 mm, the cross section of the fluidized bed cylinder is a rectangle of 50 mm multiplied by 15 mm, and the height of the fluidized bed cylinder is 200 mm; the distribution plate is provided with small holes with the diameter of 1mm, the aperture ratio is 6 percent, and the distribution plate is made of organic glass with the thickness of 3 mm; the filter screen is a layer of 200-mesh filter cloth; the cathode is a pure copper plate with the thickness of 50 mm multiplied by 100 mm multiplied by 1mm, and the anode is a lead-antimony alloy electrode with the thickness of 50 mm multiplied by 100 mm multiplied by 1 mm; the anode diaphragm adopts 300-mesh nylon filter cloth; in the embodiment, the copper ion-containing wastewater is prepared from copper sulfate, and Cu2+The concentration of (2) is 1 g/L, and the acidity of the wastewater is adjusted by using sulfuric acid. Copper particles having a diameter of 0.33 mm to 1.17 mm and a weight of 100 g were used in the examples. The rotameter is arranged on the vertical liquid inlet pipeline, and flow calibration is carried out before use; the flow of the fluidizing liquid is 1.1 times of the minimum fluidizing velocity determined by experiments, and the low expansion rate of the heavy metal particles is ensured. The voltmeter 14 and the ammeter 13 of the embodiment adopt UNI-T60B and UNI-T58E multimeters to adjust the voltage and the current in the electrode circuit.
When the pulse fluidized bed electrode device is adopted to carry out specific experiments: the method is used for treating the wastewater containing 1000 mg/L copper ions, the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.6 mol/L, the voltage of a tank is 2.5V, the electrolysis lasts for 140 minutes, the recovery rate of copper can reach 99.98%, and the concentration of the copper ions can be reduced to 0.25 ppm.
Claims (3)
1. A pulse fluidized bed electrode device is characterized by structurally comprising a liquid supply device, a fluidized bed and an electrode device; the liquid supply device consists of a liquid storage tank (1), a magnetic pump (3), a piston pump (2) and a rotor flow meter (4), wherein two branch pipelines are arranged at a liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank, and a branch I is sequentially communicated with the magnetic pump (3) and the rotor flow meter (4) through pipelines to form a stable liquid branch; the second branch is communicated with a liquid inlet of the piston pump (2) through a pipeline to form a pulse liquid branch, and the two branch pipelines are merged at the liquid inlet of the fluidized bed and enter the fluidized bed; the fluidized bed comprises a rectangular bed body (7) and a pre-distributor (6); the bottom of the bed body is provided with a pre-distributor (6), the pre-distributor is an inverted quadrangular pyramid, and the vertex angle at the lower end is provided with a liquid inlet (5) for connecting with a liquid supply pipe of a liquid supply system after a stable liquid branch and a pulse liquid branch are combined; the upper end of the pre-distributor is provided with a rectangular perforated plate as a distribution plate, and a layer of filter screen is laid on the distribution plate; a fluidized liquid outlet (9) is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the bed body, and a discharge hole (12) is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the bed body; the electrode device consists of a direct current stable power supply (15), an anode plate (11), a cathode plate (8) and an anode diaphragm (10); the anode plate and the cathode plate are fixed in slots at two sides of the bed body, the anode diaphragm (10) is attached to the anode plate, and the anode plate (11) and the cathode plate (8) are respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of a power supply through leads; in the pulse fluidized bed electrode device, an ammeter (13) for testing current density is arranged between the positive outlet of the direct current power supply and the anode plate, and a voltmeter (14) for testing circuit voltage is arranged between the positive outlet and the negative outlet of the direct current power supply.
2. The pulsed fluidized bed electrode assembly as defined in claim 1, wherein said distribution plate is covered with a filter cloth for preventing copper particles from leaking out through the holes of the distribution plate.
3. The pulsed fluidized bed electrode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the electrode assembly is characterized in that the anode plate (11) is covered with a filter cloth for preventing copper particles from directly contacting the anode plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201822041829.2U CN209759083U (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Electrode device of pulse fluidized bed |
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| CN201822041829.2U CN209759083U (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Electrode device of pulse fluidized bed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109534458A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 四川大学 | A kind of pulsed fluidized bed electrode assembly |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109534458A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 四川大学 | A kind of pulsed fluidized bed electrode assembly |
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