CN209754321U - plasma-MIG composite welding device for narrow gap welding - Google Patents
plasma-MIG composite welding device for narrow gap welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN209754321U CN209754321U CN201920288222.6U CN201920288222U CN209754321U CN 209754321 U CN209754321 U CN 209754321U CN 201920288222 U CN201920288222 U CN 201920288222U CN 209754321 U CN209754321 U CN 209754321U
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Abstract
the utility model discloses a plasma-MIG composite welding device for narrow gap welding, belonging to the technical field of high-efficiency welding and special welding, comprising a plasma welding module, a consumable electrode welding module, a left air feed pipe and a right air feed pipe; the left air feed pipe, the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module and the right air feed pipe are arranged in sequence and are arranged in a row; the plasma welding module is used for providing plasma arcs; a consumable electrode welding module for providing a reciprocating MIG arc; the plasma welding device comprises a left air feed pipe and a right air feed pipe, wherein magnetic conduction plates are arranged on the left air feed pipe and the right air feed pipe respectively, and stabilize a magnetic field around a plasma arc provided by the plasma welding module so as to enable the plasma arc to swing; the plasma arc and the MIG arc swing in a coordinated mode, coupling of the two arcs can be achieved, and narrow gap welding of medium-thick plates is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the welding, in particular to a plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding.
Background
The traditional narrow gap welding method can be divided into narrow gap gas metal arc welding (NG-GMAW), narrow gap submerged arc welding (NG-SAW), narrow gap argon tungsten arc welding (NG-GTAW), narrow gap welding rod arc welding, narrow gap electroslag welding and narrow gap laser welding.
In the existing narrow gap welding, three methods of NG-GMAW, NG-SAW and NG-GTAW are most commonly applied, wherein the NG-GMAW is easy to generate splashing, the side wall is easy to generate non-fusion defects under low heat input, the NG-SAW needs interlayer slag removal and is easy to cause defects of slag inclusion, air holes and the like, the NG-GTAW is low in cladding efficiency, hot wire welding is mostly adopted, and the process is more complex. In addition, narrow gap laser welding precision requirement is high and equipment frock is expensive, and narrow gap electroslag welding equipment is huge and requires that the flux deslag, and narrow gap welding rod arc welding is not suitable for mechanized and automated production and welding quality is poor.
The plasma-MIG composite narrow gap welding device adopts two standard welding processes: the plasma arc welding and the consumable electrode argon arc welding are organically combined, and the characteristics of high energy density of plasma arc welding and high deposition rate of Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding are achieved. However, in the prior art, the nozzle at the lower end of a composite welding torch of the plasma-MIG composite welding device is too wide, the diameter of the top end of the nozzle of the existing general plasma welding torch is 20-40mm, the peripheral width of the nozzle is increased due to the coaxial arrangement of the traditional welding cooling groove and the central slotted hole, the nozzle cannot penetrate into a narrow gap, and the nozzle is difficult to be suitable for narrow gap welding, namely the narrow gap welding of medium and heavy plates with the thickness of more than 40mm cannot be realized. In addition, in the prior art, the traditional paraxial narrow gap welding gun is not designed in an isomerization mode, so that the narrow gap plasma-MIG hybrid welding in the prior art cannot realize dynamic flexible coupling of two welding arcs.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
the utility model provides a not enough to prior art exists, the utility model provides a plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding through control plasma arc, MIG electric arc swing, can realize plasma-the high-efficient hybrid narrow gap welding of MIG under reducing the influence between the electric arc, promotes welding wire filling efficiency and obtains good welding seam shaping.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
The utility model provides a plasma-MIG composite welding device for narrow gap welding, which comprises a left air supply pipe, a plasma welding module, a consumable electrode welding module and a right air supply pipe which are arranged in sequence and arranged in a row;
the plasma welding module is used for providing plasma arc;
The consumable electrode welding module is used for providing a MIG electric arc capable of oscillating back and forth;
The left air feed pipe and the right air feed pipe are respectively provided with a fixed magnetic conduction plate and a coil, wherein the fixed magnetic conduction plate and the coil are used for stabilizing a magnetic field around a plasma arc provided by the plasma welding module so as to enable the plasma arc to swing;
The plasma arc and the MIG arc oscillate in unison and are coupled.
Furthermore, the widths of the parts of the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left air feed pipe and the right air feed pipe which are 80mm from the bottom end are all smaller than 15 mm.
Furthermore, the plasma welding module comprises a plasma square nozzle, a plasma cold water tank, a plasma water inlet unit, a plasma buckle, a plasma insulator, a plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve and a plasma fixing knob;
the plasma square nozzle, the plasma cold water tank and the plasma water inlet unit are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the upper part of the plasma cold water tank is connected with the lower part of the ion insulator, and the plasma cold water tank and the ion insulator are fixed through the plasma buckle; the upper end of the ion insulator is connected with the lower end of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve; the plasma tungsten electrode clamp is arranged in the interior of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve, and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp is connected with the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve through the plasma fixing knob.
Furthermore, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are arranged on the plasma water inlet unit, and the cooling water outlet is arranged on one side of the lower part of the cooling water inlet; cooling water for cooling the plasma side nozzle flows in from the cooling water inlet, flows through the plasma cold water tank and flows out from the cooling water outlet to form a nozzle cooling water loop;
A cooling water pore passage is arranged in the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve, a tungsten electrode cooling water inlet and a tungsten electrode cooling water outlet are arranged on one side of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve, and cooling water for cooling the plasma tungsten electrode clamp flows through the cooling water pore passage from the tungsten electrode cooling water inlet and then flows out from the tungsten electrode cooling water outlet to form a tungsten electrode cooling water loop;
A plasma pilot arc power supply interface is arranged on the side surface of the plasma cold water tank, and a plasma main arc power supply interface is arranged on the top of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve; a plasma gas inlet is provided at a side of the plasma insulator.
Furthermore, the consumable electrode welding module comprises an elbow nozzle, a conducting rod, a wire feeding interface and a fixing plate; the upper end of the elbow nozzle is fixedly connected with the lower end of the conducting rod; the lower end of the wire feeding interface is connected with the upper end of the conducting rod.
Further, the consumable electrode welding module further comprises a bearing and a bearing fixing device, wherein the bearing is arranged on the fixing plate through the bearing fixing device; the conducting rod is rotatably connected with the fixing plate through the bearing, so that the conducting rod can rotate relative to the fixing plate.
Furthermore, the fixed magnetic conduction plates are positioned on two sides of the plasma side nozzle, and the distance between the lower ends of the fixed magnetic conduction plates and the plasma side nozzle is 14-24 mm; the fixed magnetic conduction plate and the coil form a plasma magnetic control system.
Furthermore, the included angle between the central axes of the plasma welding module and the consumable electrode welding module is 25-35 degrees; the longitudinal distance of the bottom between the elbow nozzle in the consumable electrode welding module and the plasma square nozzle in the plasma welding module is 5-10mm, and the transverse distance is 6-10 mm.
Furthermore, the plasma-MIG composite welding device is used for narrow gap welding of medium and thick plates, the thickness range of the medium and thick plates is 10-80mm, and the gap range of the narrow gap is 16-20 mm.
Further, the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device further comprises a fixing frame, and the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left air supply pipe and the right air supply pipe are all connected with the fixing frame.
The welding method which is carried out by utilizing the plasma-MIG composite welding device for narrow gap welding comprises the following steps:
step one, welding preparation stage
(1) circulating cooling water is introduced to cool the plasma square nozzle and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve;
(2) the plasma welding module is connected with a plasma pilot arc power supply, a plasma main arc power supply, an ion gas supply device and a shielding gas supply device:
(3) cooling the left and right plenums: the plasma side nozzle is provided with a cooling copper pipe in a cooling copper pipe channel at the lower end of the air supply pipe, and then cooling water is introduced for cooling; then cooling water, a pilot arc power supply and a plasma main arc power supply are connected into a plasma welding machine and a water cooling machine;
(4) Connecting a consumable electrode welding module into an MIG main arc power supply, a welding wire and cooling water: connecting an MIG main arc power supply and a welding wire to a wire feeding interface, cooling a conducting rod, and respectively connecting the MIG power supply, cooling water and the wire feeding interface to an MIG welding machine, a water cooling machine and a wire feeding machine;
Step two, welding proceeding stage
After the welding preparation stage is completed, the plasma welding machine and the MIG welding machine are powered on and welding machine parameters are adjusted, the position of the fixing frame is controlled through the welding robot, the main body part of the welding torch of the plasma-MIG composite welding device extends into a narrow-gap welding seam, and the control device is opened and adjusted to enable two kinds of electric arcs of the composite welding torch to swing in a coordinated mode to achieve stable and efficient welding of a narrow gap.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the advantage lies in:
in the plasma-MIG hybrid welding apparatus of the present invention, the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left gas feed pipe and the right gas feed pipe constitute a torch main structure, and the left gas feed pipe, the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module and the right gas feed pipe are sequentially disposed in the torch main structure and arranged in a row; each module component is arranged on the side edge of the adjacent module component, and the main structure of the welding torch is deformed and flat, so that the welding torch can penetrate into a narrow gap. And the stable welding of the narrow gap of the medium plate can be completed through the coupling of the two arcs.
plasma-MIG hybrid welding device can realize the high-efficient narrow gap welding of thick plate material in boats and ships through effective compound of plasma arc and MIG electric arc, can stably realize the lateral wall under magnetic control electric arc and MIG electric arc mechanical oscillation synergism and fuse with the bottom deep-melting welding, finally show promotion welding of boats and ships and build quality and efficiency.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a plasma welding module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural sectional view of a MIG consumable electrode welding module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a right air supply pipe structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the left air supply pipe according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a fixing frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a plasma welding module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a MIG torch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram (one) of the plasma torch in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram (two) illustrating the principle of the plasma torch according to the embodiment of the present invention.
reference numerals:
1. a plasma square nozzle; 2. a plasma cold water tank; 3. a plasma water inlet unit; 4. plasma buckling; 5. a plasma insulator; 6. a plasma tungsten electrode clamp; 7. a plasma tungsten electrode clamp jacket; 8. a plasma fixing knob; 9. an elbow nozzle; 10. a conductive rod; a C-shaped retaining ring; 12. a fixing buckle B; 13. a fixing buckle A; 14. a wire feeding interface; 15. a bearing A; 16. a bearing B; 17. a fixing plate; 18. a right fixed magnetic conductive plate; 19. a right air feed pipe; 20. a right coil; 21. a left coil; 22. a left air feed pipe; 23. a left fixed magnetic conductive plate; 24. a fixed mount;
A. a plasma pilot arc power interface; B. a cooling water outlet; C. a cooling water inlet; D. a plasma gas inlet; E. a tungsten electrode cooling water inlet; F. a tungsten electrode cooling water outlet; G. a plasma main arc power interface; H. a wire feeding clamping device; I. a cooling copper pipe channel reserved on the conducting rod; J. a long screw rod at the upper part of the elbow nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention to the public, certain specific details are set forth in the following detailed description of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
example 1
The present embodiment provides a plasma-MIG hybrid welding apparatus for narrow gap welding, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, including a left gas feed pipe 22, a plasma welding module, a consumable electrode welding module, and a right gas feed pipe 19, which are sequentially arranged and arranged in a row.
The plasma welding module is used for providing plasma arc;
the consumable electrode welding module is used for providing a MIG electric arc capable of oscillating back and forth;
The left air feed pipe 22 is provided with a left fixed magnetic conduction plate 23 and a left coil 21; and a right fixed magnetic conduction plate 18 and a right coil 20 are arranged on the right air feed pipe 19, and the fixed magnetic conduction plate and the coil stabilize a magnetic field around a plasma arc provided by the plasma welding module so that the plasma arc can swing.
the plasma arc and the MIG arc swing in a coordinated mode, so that the two arcs can be coupled, and narrow-gap welding of medium-thick plates is achieved.
In the embodiment, the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device further comprises a fixing frame 24, and the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left air supply pipe 22 and the right air supply pipe 19 are all connected with the fixing frame 24. Preferably, the fixing frame 24 is formed by attaching aluminum plates, and may be connected to a fixing wire and a welding robot in addition to fixing the above-described modules.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the plasma welding module includes a plasma side nozzle 1, a plasma cold water tank 2, a plasma water inlet unit 3, a plasma clamp 4, a plasma insulator 5, a plasma tungsten electrode clamp 6, a plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7, and a plasma fixing knob 8.
The plasma square nozzle 1, the plasma cold water tank 2 and the plasma water inlet unit 3 are sequentially connected from bottom to top; the screw rod at the upper part of the plasma cold water tank 2 is connected with the bolt at the lower end of the ion insulator 5, and the plasma cold water tank 2 and the ion insulator 5 are fixed through a plasma buckle 4; the upper end of the ion insulator 5 is connected with the lower end of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7; the plasma tungsten electrode clamp 6 is arranged inside the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7, and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp 6 and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7 are connected through a plasma fixing knob 8.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the plasma square nozzle 1 is bolted to the lower end of the plasma cold water tank 2, the upper end of the plasma cold water tank 2 is welded to the lower end of the plasma water inlet 3, the screw of the plasma cold water tank 2 is bolted to the lower end of the plasma insulator 5 and fixed by the plasma buckle 4, and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp 6 is bolted to the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7 by sliding fit and can be connected by the plasma fixing knob 8, and finally the plasma insulator 5 is bolted to the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7 and integrally connected to the fixing frame 24.
In the embodiment, the plasma water inlet unit 3 is provided with a cooling water inlet C and a cooling water outlet B, and the cooling water outlet B is arranged on one side below the cooling water inlet C; and cooling water for cooling the plasma nozzle 1 flows in from the cooling water inlet C, flows through the cooling water storage space in the plasma cold water tank 2 and flows out from the cooling water outlet B to form a nozzle cooling water loop.
preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling water flows from the cooling water inlet C into the cooling water copper pipe provided in the plasma water inlet unit 3, and then the cooling water flows through the space from the outside of the copper pipe, and flows out through the cooling water outlet B.
the plasma tungsten electrode clamp jacket 7 is internally provided with a pi-shaped cooling water pore passage, one side of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp jacket 7 is provided with a tungsten electrode cooling water inlet E and a tungsten electrode cooling water outlet F, and cooling water for cooling the plasma tungsten electrode clamp 6 flows through the pi-shaped cooling water pore passage from the tungsten electrode cooling water inlet E and then flows out from the tungsten electrode cooling water outlet F to form a tungsten electrode cooling water loop.
preferably, the plasma cold water tank 2 further comprises an intermediate ion gas channel which is not communicated with the cooling water storage space, besides the cooling water storage space, the intermediate ion gas channel penetrates through a screw rod at the upper part of the plasma cold water tank 2, and the intermediate ion gas channel is communicated with an ion channel inside the plasma square nozzle 1.
a plasma pilot arc power supply interface A is arranged on the side surface of the plasma cold water tank 2, and a plasma main arc power supply interface G is arranged on the top of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7; a plasma gas inlet D is provided through the side of the plasma insulator 5.
in this embodiment, the maximum current of the plasma welding module is 300A, and the plasma welding module needs to be connected to a plasma welding machine and a water cooling machine.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the consumable electrode welding module includes an elbow nozzle 9, a conductive rod 10, a wire feeding port 14, and a fixing plate 17; the upper end of the elbow nozzle 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the conducting rod 10; the lower end of the wire feeder nipple 14 is connected to the upper end of the conductive rod 10.
The consumable electrode welding module also comprises double bearings (a bearing A15 and a bearing B16) and a bearing fixing device (a C-shaped retaining ring 11, a fixing buckle B12 and a fixing buckle A13), wherein the C-shaped retaining ring 11 is arranged at the lower ends of the bearing A15 and the bearing B16 for fixing; the double bearings are arranged on the fixing plate 17 through the bearing fixing device; the conductor bars 10 are connected to the fastening plate 17 in a rotatable manner by means of double bearings, so that the conductor bars 10 can be rotated relative to the fastening plate 17.
preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the elbow nozzle 9 is bolted and connected with the lower end of the conducting rod 10 and fixed by a nut, wherein a nut fixing space is reserved at the long screw J on the upper portion of the elbow nozzle 9, the conducting rod is screwed by the nut to fix the relative position of the conducting rod and the elbow nozzle 9, the lower end of the wire feeding joint 14 is welded and connected with the upper end of the conducting rod 10, the conducting rod 10 is attached to the fixing plate 17 by the bearing a15, the bearing B16, the C-shaped retaining ring 11, the fixing buckle B12 and the fixing buckle a 13, and the separation movement of the conducting rod 10 and the fixing plate 17 can be realized and the whole is attached to the fixing.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, conducting rod 10 and the duplex bearing cooperation among the consumable electrode welding module, the duplex bearing passes through bearing fixing device and installs fixed plate 17, realizes the separation motion between conducting rod 10 and the fixed plate 17, and consumable electrode welding module design maximum current is 350A, needs to insert MIG welding machine and water-cooled generator.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5, a right fixed magnetic conductive plate 18 and a right coil 20 are attached to the right air feed pipe 19, and a left fixed magnetic conductive plate 23 and a left coil 21 are attached to the left air feed pipe 22. The fixed magnetic conduction plates 18 and 23 are arranged on two sides of the plasma square nozzle 1 in the plasma welding module, and the distance between the lower ends of the two magnetic conduction plates and the plasma square nozzle 1 is 14-24 mm. Referring to fig. 1, the top ends of the left air supply pipe 22 and the right air supply pipe 19 are connected to a fixing frame 24.
The plasma magnetic control system is composed of a magnetic conduction plate and a coil, a plasma welding module can control the magnetic transformation of the coil by using a PWM pulse frequency regulator, and then the magnetic field is stabilized beside a plasma arc through the magnetic conduction plate to realize the arc swing.
The utility model provides an among the plasma-MIG composite narrow gap welding set, install fixed magnetic conduction board and coil on the blast pipe, and constitute plasma magnetic control system together with controlling means, utilize magnetic field magnetic pole transform control plasma arc to deflect, realize the arc rotation of MIG welding module through the motor rotation, through controller (mainly PLC and singlechip) control PWM pulse frequency regulator and motor when carrying out composite welding, produce pulse current through PWM pulse frequency regulator at plasma welding module part and cause the coil to produce magnetic field, and conduct magnetic field to the welding torch lower extreme through the magnetic conduction board, and then control magnetic field magnetic transform and realize the lateral wall welding; the MIG welding module part controls the MIG to mainly drive the electric pole to rotate through the motor, so that the lower end elbow swings left and right, the electric arc is further synchronously compounded, and the welding is realized by the heat input of the side wall of the narrow-gap plate. Because of adopting the hybrid welding technique, the hybrid electric arc can produce bigger welding heat input, produce the large penetration by the plasma arc, the electric arc of MIG welding module melts and covers and packs the wire, therefore the utility model discloses plasma-MIG hybrid welding device can realize from preheating, welding energy is low, need not to carry on production processes such as preweld preheating, interlaminar temperature control, interlaminar scarfing cinder; the HAZ heat affected zone is narrow, the welding deformation is small, the residual stress after welding is small, the welding spatter is small, and the welding efficiency and the welding quality can be obviously improved.
preferably, the lower ends of the right air feed pipe 19 and the left air feed pipe 22 are provided with cooling copper pipe channels, and the air feed pipes can be cooled by assembling cooling copper pipes.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the widths of the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left air feed pipe 22 and the right air feed pipe 19 from the portion 80mm above the bottom end are all less than 15 mm. The included angle between the central axes of the plasma welding module and the consumable electrode welding module is 25-35 degrees. In terms of the height position, the plasma side nozzle 1 in the plasma welding module is lower than the nozzle mouth of the elbow nozzle 9 in the consumable electrode welding module; the longitudinal distance of the bottom between the plasma square nozzle 1 and the elbow nozzle 9 is 5-10mm, and the transverse distance is 6-10 mm.
In the embodiment, the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device can be used for narrow gap welding of medium-thick plates, the thickness of the medium-thick plates ranges from 10mm to 80mm, and the gap of the narrow gap ranges from 16 mm to 20 mm. Preferably, the medium-thickness plate is a medium-thickness plate for a ship.
Example 2
The welding method using the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device disclosed by the embodiment comprises the following specific working processes:
Step one, welding preparation stage
(1) circulating cooling water is introduced to cool the plasma square nozzle 1 and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve 7; the method specifically comprises the following steps: cooling water for cooling the plasma side nozzle 1 flows in from a cooling water inlet C, flows out from a cooling water outlet B after passing through a cooling water tank to form a nozzle cooling water loop; and cooling water for cooling the tungsten electrode flows through the pi-shaped cooling water pore passage from the tungsten electrode cooling water inlet E and flows out from the tungsten electrode cooling water outlet F to form a water loop.
(2) The plasma welding module is connected with a plasma pilot arc power supply, a plasma main arc power supply, an ion gas supply device and a shielding gas supply device: respectively connecting a plasma pilot arc power supply interface A, a main arc power supply interface G and a plasma gas inlet D with a plasma pilot arc power supply, a plasma main arc power supply and an ion gas supply device; the ion gas sequentially passes through the middle ion gas channel of the plasma cold water tank 2, finally enters the plasma square nozzle 1 and is discharged.
(3) Cooling the left and right plenums: the plasma side nozzle is provided with a cooling copper pipe in a cooling copper pipe channel at the lower end of the air supply pipe, and then cooling water is introduced for cooling; then cooling water, a pilot arc power supply and a plasma main arc power supply are connected into a plasma welding machine and a water cooling machine;
(4) The consumable electrode welding module (namely the MIG welding module) is connected with a MIG main arc power supply, a welding wire and cooling water, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A power supply connecting hole and a wire feeding clamping device H are reserved on the wire feeding interface 14, and an MIG main arc power supply and a welding wire are connected to the wire feeding interface 14;
Connecting the cooling copper pipe to a cooling copper pipe channel I reserved on the conducting rod 10, and introducing cooling water into the cooling copper pipe for cooling to form a water loop;
Then the MIG power supply, the cooling water and the wire feeding interface 14 are connected into a MIG welding machine, a water cooling machine and a wire feeding machine.
Step two, welding proceeding stage
After the welding preparation stage is completed, the plasma welding machine and the MIG welding machine are powered on and welding machine parameters are adjusted, the position of the fixing frame is controlled through the welding robot, the main body part of the welding torch of the plasma-MIG composite welding device extends into a narrow-gap welding seam, and the control device is opened and adjusted to enable two kinds of electric arcs of the composite welding torch to swing in a coordinated mode to achieve stable and efficient welding of a narrow gap.
The device adopts narrow clearance plasma-MIG hybrid welding technique, and its welding principle is shown as figure 8, in the MIG welding module, rotates through the motor and drives conducting rod and the reciprocal swing of elbow nozzle, and the MIG electric arc swings thereupon. And the plasma arc swings under the action of the magnetic field, as shown in fig. 9-10, the two arcs swing in coordination, so that the coupling of the two arcs is realized, the plasma-MIG composite narrow gap welding of the steel thick plate for the ship can be realized, and by adopting the welding device in the utility model, the procedures of preheating, interlayer heat preservation and the like are not needed in the welding process, so that the welding efficiency and the welding quality are improved while the cold wall welding defect is eliminated.
Adopt the utility model discloses in the device that plasma-MIG hybrid welding device connects welds, need be equipped with following device: the welding experiment platform comprises a plasma welding machine, an MIG welding machine, a wire feeder, a welding robot, a welding experiment platform, and welding auxiliary equipment such as a gas cylinder, a gas valve and a control box. These devices all can adopt the existing equipment among the prior art, the utility model discloses do not relate to the improvement to these supplementary welding equipment, so the no longer repeated description here.
In the existing laser and electron narrow gap welding technology, because the welding torch structure for welding laser and electron beams is more huge and complicated, the tooling equipment is more precise and complicated, so that the whole equipment is high in price, the welding energy of laser and electron beams is more concentrated, the action area is smaller than that of other welding technologies, the penetrating power to the plate is stronger, and the welding precision of the plate is required to be higher. And adopt the utility model discloses plasma-MIG hybrid welding device carries out the compound narrow gap welding of plasma-MIG, has compensatied not enough among the prior art in the narrow gap welding method practical application.
Compared with narrow gap welding in the prior art, the plasma-MIG composite welding device can realize self-preheating, has low welding energy, and does not need production procedures such as preheating before welding, interlayer temperature control, interlayer slag removal and the like; the HAZ heat affected zone is narrow, the welding deformation is small, the residual stress after welding is small, the welding spatter is small, and the welding efficiency and the welding quality can be obviously improved.
In this embodiment, the plasma-MIG hybrid welding apparatus includes a plasma magnetron system and a MIG welding wire swing system, and specifically, the plasma magnetron system includes a coil and a magnetic conductive plate, and the plasma welding module may control magnetic transformation of the coil by using a PWM pulse frequency regulator, and then stabilize a magnetic field beside a plasma arc by the magnetic conductive plate to realize arc swing; the MIG welding wire swing system is used for enabling the conducting rod and the fixing plate to rotate in a separated mode, the MIG welding module can control the conducting rod to rotate through the steering engine, and then MIG electric arc deflection is achieved; the narrow gap welding of the thick plate for the ship is realized by the combined action of the two electric arcs controlled by the single chip microcomputer, namely, the plasma electric arc and the MIG electric arc deflect towards one side of the side wall simultaneously in the welding process to achieve a synergistic effect, and the two electric arcs are coupled and deflect in a coordinated manner in the narrow gap welding under the mediation of a control system to realize stable welding.
Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should also understand that the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made within the scope of the present invention should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding is characterized in that: comprises a left air supply pipe, a plasma welding module, a consumable electrode welding module and a right air supply pipe which are arranged in sequence and arranged in a row;
the plasma welding module is used for providing plasma arc;
The consumable electrode welding module is used for providing a MIG electric arc capable of oscillating back and forth;
The left air feed pipe and the right air feed pipe are respectively provided with a fixed magnetic conduction plate and a coil, wherein the fixed magnetic conduction plate and the coil are used for stabilizing a magnetic field around a plasma arc provided by the plasma welding module so as to enable the plasma arc to swing;
the plasma arc and the MIG arc oscillate in unison and are coupled.
2. The plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 1 wherein: the widths of the parts 80mm above the bottom ends of the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left air feed pipe and the right air feed pipe are all smaller than 15 mm.
3. The plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 1 wherein: the plasma welding module comprises a plasma square nozzle (1), a plasma cold water tank (2), a plasma water inlet unit (3), a plasma buckle (4), a plasma insulator (5), a plasma tungsten electrode clamp (6), a plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7) and a plasma fixing knob (8);
The plasma square nozzle (1), the plasma cold water tank (2) and the plasma water inlet unit (3) are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the upper part of the plasma cold water tank (2) is connected with the lower part of the ion insulator (5), and the plasma cold water tank (2) and the ion insulator (5) are fixed through the plasma buckle (4); the upper end of the ion insulator (5) is connected with the lower end of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7); the plasma tungsten electrode clamp (6) is arranged inside the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7), and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp (6) and the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7) are connected through the plasma fixing knob (8).
4. the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 3, characterized in that: a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are arranged on the plasma water inlet unit (3), and the cooling water outlet is arranged on one side of the lower part of the cooling water inlet; cooling water for cooling the plasma square nozzle (1) flows in from the cooling water inlet, flows through the plasma cold water tank (2) and then flows out from the cooling water outlet to form a nozzle cooling water loop;
A cooling water pore channel is arranged in the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7), a tungsten electrode cooling water inlet and a tungsten electrode cooling water outlet are arranged on one side of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7), and cooling water for cooling the plasma tungsten electrode clamp (6) flows through the cooling water pore channel from the tungsten electrode cooling water inlet and then flows out from the tungsten electrode cooling water outlet to form a tungsten electrode cooling water loop;
a plasma pilot arc power supply interface is arranged on the side surface of the plasma cold water tank (2), and a plasma main arc power supply interface is arranged on the top of the plasma tungsten electrode clamp outer sleeve (7); a plasma gas inlet is provided at the side of the plasma insulator (5).
5. The plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the consumable electrode welding module comprises an elbow nozzle (9), a conducting rod (10), a wire feeding interface (14) and a fixing plate (17); the upper end of the elbow nozzle (9) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the conducting rod (10); the lower end of the wire feeding port (14) is connected with the upper end of the conducting rod (10).
6. The plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 5, characterized in that: the consumable electrode welding module further comprises a bearing and a bearing fixing device, wherein the bearing is arranged on the fixing plate (17) through the bearing fixing device; the conducting rod (10) is in rotary connection with the fixing plate (17) through the bearing, so that the conducting rod (10) can rotate relative to the fixing plate (17).
7. the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 3, characterized in that: the fixed magnetic conduction plates are positioned on two sides of the plasma square nozzle (1), and the distance between the lower ends of the fixed magnetic conduction plates and the plasma square nozzle (1) is 14-24 mm; the fixed magnetic conduction plate and the coil form a plasma magnetic control system.
8. the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 5, characterized in that: the included angle between the central axes of the plasma welding module and the consumable electrode welding module is 25-35 degrees; the longitudinal distance of the bottom between the elbow nozzle (9) in the consumable electrode welding module and the plasma square nozzle (1) in the plasma welding module is 5-10mm, and the transverse distance is 6-10 mm.
9. the plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 1 wherein: the plasma-MIG composite welding device is used for narrow gap welding of medium and thick plates, the thickness range of the medium and thick plates is 10-80mm, and the gap range of the narrow gap is 16-20 mm.
10. The plasma-MIG hybrid welding device for narrow gap welding of claim 1 wherein: the plasma-MIG composite welding device further comprises a fixing frame, and the plasma welding module, the consumable electrode welding module, the left air supply pipe and the right air supply pipe are all connected with the fixing frame.
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| CN109773359A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Plasma-MIG composite welding apparatus for narrow gap welding |
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| CN109773359A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Plasma-MIG composite welding apparatus for narrow gap welding |
| CN109773359B (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2023-09-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | plasma-MIG composite welding device for narrow-gap welding |
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