CN209751299U - Bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis - Google Patents
Bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN209751299U CN209751299U CN201920111288.8U CN201920111288U CN209751299U CN 209751299 U CN209751299 U CN 209751299U CN 201920111288 U CN201920111288 U CN 201920111288U CN 209751299 U CN209751299 U CN 209751299U
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Abstract
the utility model relates to a bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis, which comprises a femoral component, a tibial component and an artificial ligament; the femur component comprises a femur condyle prosthesis, the tibia component comprises a tibia prosthesis, a tibia support and a tibia liner, the tibia liner is arranged on the upper portion of the tibia support and used for bearing the femur condyle prosthesis, and a tibia broach used for inserting into a medullary cavity of the tibia prosthesis is formed on the lower portion of the tibia support; cross ducts are formed in the femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial gasket, the tibial tray and the tibial prosthesis, and artificial ligaments for reconstructing a cruciate ligament and a collateral ligament are arranged in the cross ducts of the femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial gasket, the tibial tray and the tibial prosthesis and on the inner side and the outer side of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial prosthesis. The utility model discloses based on bionics principle, through changing the rigidity fixed design of flexible fixation into, when having realized the knee joint and rebuild, solved hinge type knee joint prosthesis to thighbone and the great shortcoming of shin bone stress, effectual prevention not hard up in advance and rebuild the possibility once more of prosthesis, prolonged the life of prosthesis.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an artificial joint, in particular to a bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis which is suitable for reconstruction after resection of distal femur tumor.
Background
the periphery of the knee joint is one of the common sites of primary malignant tumors of the bone, and malignant tumors such as osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, polymorphic sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, etc. are all well developed in this site. In recent years, tumor resection and artificial joint prosthesis reconstruction have become the main treatment modes of malignant bone tumors around the knee joint due to good postoperative functions such as immediate postoperative stability and early bearing walking. However, with the extension of the life cycle of the patient and the extensive development of limb protection surgery, the tumor prosthesis has many problems such as infection, loosening, fracture and the like, which in turn causes secondary and multiple revision surgeries and even amputation, and seriously threatens the joint function and the life quality of the patient. According to classical prosthesis failure typing, type II-Aseptic loosening (Aseptic loosening) and type III-Structural failure (Structural failure) are two major types of very major prosthesis failure modes, the sum of which accounts for more than 50% of the failure cases in the long term. Therefore, how to control tumors while minimizing prosthesis-related complications is an important focus of current research in the bone oncology community.
Biomechanical studies have shown that the non-biomimetic connection of the femoral and tibial lateral prostheses is the primary cause of both of these failures. At present, the pure hinge type connection and the rotary hinge type are the mainstream design concepts adopted by almost all tumor type artificial joints: because of the large bone defect at the side of femur or tibia, there is no stable structure around the tumor type knee joint, such as cruciate ligament, joint capsule and medial and lateral collateral ligaments. In order to restore the stability of the tumor type joint to the maximum extent, the early tumor type joint adopts a simple hinge type connecting structure. The structure simplifies the knee joint into a complex with only bending and stretching functions, and the metal hinge is a rigid structure, so that the contact interface of the medullary needle of the prosthesis and the medullary cavity of the backbone bears great rotation and extraction stress in each walking cycle. In the long run, the probability of loosening and breaking of the prosthesis is inevitably accelerated. Therefore, the simple hinge type tumor artificial joint prosthesis is only used as a short-time replacement prosthesis for limb protection operation of children at present. The rotary hinge structure appearing in recent years is additionally provided with a rotary axis sunk into the side of a tibial platform while keeping the hinge structure, so that the tumor-type artificial joint has certain internal and external rotary motion degree while being normally bent and stretched. The design relieves the rotating stress of the medullary needle and medullary cavity of the prosthesis to a certain extent, but the design does not change the rigid fixing mode of the hinge and cannot radically twist the medullary cavity stress in the walking cycle.
In summary, the existing non-bionic tumor artificial prosthesis has a design defect in biomechanics, and has become a "tripartite stone" for improving the failure rate of the prosthesis.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the present invention provides a knee joint prosthesis of bionic tumor type suitable for reconstruction after resection of distal femur tumor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal: a bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis is characterized by comprising a femoral component, a tibial component and an artificial ligament; wherein, the femoral component comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial component comprises a tibial prosthesis, a tibial tray and a tibial gasket, the tibial gasket is arranged at the upper part of the tibial tray and used for bearing the femoral condyle prosthesis, and a tibial broach used for inserting the intramedullary canal of the tibial prosthesis is formed at the lower part of the tibial tray; crossed pore canals are formed in the femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial gasket, the tibial tray and the tibial prosthesis, and the artificial ligaments for reconstructing a cruciate ligament and a collateral ligament are arranged in the crossed pore canals of the femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial gasket, the tibial tray and the tibial prosthesis and on the inner side and the outer side of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial prosthesis; thereby, the femoral condyle prosthesis can rotate back and forth relative to the tibial gasket under the limit of the artificial ligament so as to allow the knee joint prosthesis to do flexion and extension movement; the tibia prosthesis, the tibia support and the tibia liner can rotate inside and outside relative to the femur condyle prosthesis by taking the tibia broach as an axis so as to allow the knee joint prosthesis to do internal and external rotation movement.
Preferably, the artificial ligament comprises: a first collateral ligament connected to the lateral sides of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial prosthesis to reconstruct a lateral collateral ligament; the main ligament is arranged in the crossed pore passages of the femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial gasket, the tibial tray and the tibial prosthesis in a penetrating way so as to reconstruct the cruciate ligament; a second collateral ligament attached to the medial side of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial prosthesis to reconstruct a medial collateral ligament.
preferably, the cardinal ligament comprises an anterior cruciate ligament and a posterior cruciate ligament which are arranged in the cruciate pore canal in a penetrating way, and the starting point of the direction of the anterior cruciate ligament is positioned at the inner side in front of the tibial prosthesis and extends obliquely towards the outer side in the back; the starting point of the direction of the posterior cruciate ligament is positioned at the posterior lateral side of the tibial prosthesis and extends obliquely towards the anterior medial side.
The bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis preferably further comprises a first auxiliary ligament pressing plate fixed on the outer side of the femoral condyle prosthesis, a second auxiliary ligament pressing plate fixed on the inner side of the femoral condyle prosthesis, a first auxiliary ligament fixing ring fixed on the outer side of the tibial prosthesis and a second auxiliary ligament fixing ring fixed on the inner side of the tibial prosthesis; one end of the first auxiliary ligament is fixed on the first auxiliary ligament pressing plate, and the other end of the first auxiliary ligament penetrates through the first auxiliary ligament fixing ring and then is integrally connected with the posterior cruciate ligament; one end of the second auxiliary ligament is fixed on the second auxiliary ligament pressing plate, and the other end of the second auxiliary ligament is connected with the anterior cruciate ligament integrally after penetrating through the second auxiliary ligament fixing ring.
Preferably, the shape of the cross pore canal is consistent with the walking, starting and stopping points and mechanical direction of the cruciate ligament in a physiological state.
Bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis, preferred, femoral component and shin bone component all adopt 3D printing technique and surface spraying technology preparation to form, and first vice ligament clamp plate and the vice ligament clamp plate of second are fixed through lock pin and bone cement on the thighbone condyle prosthesis, the fixed ring of first vice ligament and the fixed ring of the vice ligament of second are also fixed through lock pin and bone cement on the shin bone prosthesis.
Preferably, the tibia liner is a high-stability polyethylene liner simulating a meniscus shape.
Preferably, the femoral component of the biomimetic tumor type knee joint prosthesis further comprises a combined backbone extension section and a combined medullary cavity extension handle, wherein a first end of the combined backbone extension section is connected to the femoral condyle prosthesis in a tapered manner, and the combined medullary cavity extension handle is connected to a second end of the combined backbone extension section in a tapered manner.
The utility model discloses owing to take above technical scheme, it has following advantage: 1. the utility model provides a knee joint prosthesis is based on bionics principle, through changing the rigidity fixed design of flexible fixation into, when having realized the knee joint and rebuild, has solved hinge type knee joint prosthesis to thighbone and the great shortcoming of shin bone stress, and effectual prevention prosthetic not hard up in advance and rebuild once more probably have prolonged the life of prosthesis. 2. The utility model discloses adopt the design of rebuilding cruciate ligament and collateral ligament at the joint coupling part, adopt artifical ligament to pass the pore that prepares in advance on the false body and the joint rebuilds cruciate ligament and collateral ligament to the pore on the collateral bone, can drop to zero the stress of false body handle like this when the joint activity, can effectively reduce not hard up, the snap rate of false body handle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial ligament of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the objects, features and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention, but are merely illustrative of the true spirit of the technical solution of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the utility model provides a bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis, which comprises a femur component 1, a tibia component 2 and an artificial ligament 3. Wherein, the femoral component 1 comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis 11, the tibial component 2 comprises a tibial prosthesis 21, a tibial tray 22 and a tibial gasket 23, the tibial gasket 23 is arranged at the upper part of the tibial tray 22 for bearing the femoral condyle prosthesis 11, and a tibial broach 24 for inserting a medullary cavity of the tibial prosthesis 21 is formed at the lower part of the tibial tray 22.
intersecting tunnels are formed in the femoral condylar prosthesis 11, the tibial insert 23, the tibial tray 22, and the tibial prosthesis 21. Meanwhile, artificial ligaments 3 for reconstructing cruciate ligaments and collateral ligaments are arranged in the crossed pore canals of the femoral condyle prosthesis 11, the tibial gasket 23, the tibial tray 22 and the tibial prosthesis 21 and on the inner side and the outer side of the femoral condyle prosthesis 11 and the tibial prosthesis 21. Therefore, the femoral condyle prosthesis 11 can rotate back and forth relative to the tibial gasket 23 under the limit of the artificial ligament 3, so as to allow the knee joint prosthesis to do flexion and extension movement; the tibial prosthesis 21, tibial tray 22, and tibial insert 23 are capable of internal and external rotation relative to the femoral condylar prosthesis 11 about the tibial broach 24 to allow internal and external rotational movement of the knee prosthesis.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the artificial ligament 3 includes: a first collateral ligament 31 connected to the lateral side of the femoral condylar prosthesis 11 and the tibial prosthesis 21 to reconstruct the lateral collateral ligament; a cardinal ligament 32 inserted into the cruciate tunnels of the femoral condyle prosthesis 11, the tibial gasket 23, the tibial tray 22 and the tibial prosthesis 21 to reconstruct the cruciate ligament; a second collateral ligament 33, attached to the medial side of the femoral condyle prosthesis 11 and the tibial prosthesis 21 to reconstruct the medial collateral ligament.
in the above embodiment, preferably, the cardinal ligament 32 includes an anterior cruciate ligament 321 and a posterior cruciate ligament 322 which are inserted into the cruciate pore canal, and the starting point of the anterior cruciate ligament 321 is located at the anterior-medial side of the tibial prosthesis 21 and extends obliquely to the posterior-lateral side; the starting point of the posterior cruciate ligament 322 is located at the posterior lateral side of the tibial prosthesis 21 and extends obliquely towards the anterior medial side.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the first secondary ligament fixation plate 4 fixed on the outer side of the femoral condyle prosthesis 11 and the second secondary ligament fixation plate 4 'fixed on the inner side of the femoral condyle prosthesis 11 are further included, and the first secondary ligament fixation ring 5 fixed on the outer side of the tibial prosthesis 21 and the second secondary ligament fixation ring 5' fixed on the inner side of the tibial prosthesis 21 are further included. One end of the first secondary ligament 31 is fixed on the first secondary ligament pressing plate 4, and the other end of the first secondary ligament passes through the first secondary ligament fixing ring 5 and then is integrally connected with the posterior cruciate ligament 322; one end of the second secondary ligament 33 is fixed on the second secondary ligament pressing plate 4 ', and the other end passes through the second secondary ligament fixing ring 5' and is integrally connected with the anterior cruciate ligament 321.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the shape of the cross tunnel is consistent with the walking, starting and stopping points and mechanical directions of the cruciate ligament in a physiological state, so as to ensure balanced stress conduction of the knee joint prosthesis in a dynamic flexion and extension state, avoid the limitation of the movement of the knee joint prosthesis, and reduce the shearing force of the prosthesis on the artificial ligament 3 in an extreme flexion and extension state.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the femoral component 1 and the tibial component 2 are both prepared by using 3D printing technology and surface spraying technology, and the first secondary ligament pressing plate 4 and the second secondary ligament pressing plate 4 'are fixed on the femoral condyle prosthesis 11 by locking nails and bone cement, and the first secondary ligament fixing ring 5 and the second secondary ligament fixing ring 5' are also fixed on the tibial prosthesis 21 by locking nails and bone cement.
In the above embodiment, the tibial insert 23 is preferably a high-stability polyethylene insert simulating a meniscus configuration, conforming to the curved surface of the femoral condylar prosthesis 11 to distribute stresses and significantly increase the stability of the knee joint prosthesis.
in the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the femoral component 1 may further include a assembled stem extension 12 and an assembled intramedullary canal extension 13, a first end of the assembled stem extension 12 is tapered on the femoral condyle prosthesis 11, and the assembled intramedullary canal extension 13 is tapered on a second end of the assembled stem extension 12, so that the length of the femoral component 1 can be adjusted to a greater extent to accommodate patients with different degrees of femoral defects.
Above-mentioned each embodiment only is used for explaining the utility model discloses, wherein structure, connected mode and the preparation technology etc. of each part all can change to some extent, all are in the utility model discloses equal transform and improvement of going on technical scheme's the basis all should not exclude outside the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis is characterized by comprising a femoral component (1), a tibial component (2) and an artificial ligament (3);
wherein the femoral component (1) comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis (11), the tibial component (2) comprises a tibial prosthesis (21), a tibial tray (22) and a tibial gasket (23), the tibial gasket (23) is arranged at the upper part of the tibial tray (22) for bearing the femoral condyle prosthesis (11), and a tibial broach (24) for inserting into a medullary cavity of the tibial prosthesis (21) is formed at the lower part of the tibial tray (22);
Crossed pore canals are formed in the femoral condyle prosthesis (11), the tibial gasket (23), the tibial tray (22) and the tibial prosthesis (21), and the artificial ligaments (3) for reconstructing cruciate ligaments and collateral ligaments are arranged in the crossed pore canals of the femoral condyle prosthesis (11), the tibial gasket (23), the tibial tray (22) and the tibial prosthesis (21) and on the inner side and the outer side of the femoral condyle prosthesis (11) and the tibial prosthesis (21);
Thereby, the femoral condyle prosthesis (11) can rotate back and forth relative to the tibial gasket (23) under the limitation of the artificial ligament (3) so as to allow the flexion and extension movement of the knee joint prosthesis; the tibia prosthesis (21), the tibia support (22) and the tibia liner (23) can rotate inside and outside relative to the femur condyle prosthesis (11) by taking the tibia broach (24) as an axis, so that the knee joint prosthesis can do internal and external rotation movement.
2. The biomimetic tumor-type knee joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial ligament (3) comprises:
A first collateral ligament (31) connected to the lateral side of said femoral condylar prosthesis (11) and tibial prosthesis (21) to reconstruct a lateral collateral ligament;
the main ligament (32) is arranged in the cross hole of the femoral condyle prosthesis (11), the tibial gasket (23), the tibial tray (22) and the tibial prosthesis (21) in a penetrating way to reconstruct the cruciate ligament;
A second collateral ligament (33) connected to the medial side of the femoral condylar prosthesis (11) and tibial prosthesis (21) to reconstruct a medial collateral ligament.
3. The biomimetic tumor-type knee joint prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the cardinal ligament (32) includes an anterior cruciate ligament (321) and a posterior cruciate ligament (322) which are inserted into the cruciate pore canal, and the direction starting point of the anterior cruciate ligament (321) is located at the anterior inner side of the tibial prosthesis (21) and extends obliquely towards the posterior outer side; the starting point of the direction of the posterior cruciate ligament (322) is positioned at the posterior lateral side of the tibial prosthesis (21) and extends obliquely towards the anterior medial side.
4. The biomimetic tumor-bearing knee joint prosthesis according to claim 3, further comprising a first secondary ligament retainer plate (4) fixed to the lateral side of the femoral condyle prosthesis (11) and a second secondary ligament retainer plate (4 ') fixed to the medial side of the femoral condyle prosthesis (11), and a first secondary ligament retainer ring (5) fixed to the lateral side of the tibial prosthesis (21) and a second secondary ligament retainer ring (5') fixed to the medial side of the tibial prosthesis (21);
One end of the first secondary ligament (31) is fixed on the first secondary ligament pressing plate (4), and the other end of the first secondary ligament (31) penetrates through the first secondary ligament fixing ring (5) and then is integrally connected with the posterior cruciate ligament (322);
One end of the second auxiliary ligament (33) is fixed on the second auxiliary ligament pressing plate (4 '), and the other end of the second auxiliary ligament is connected with the anterior cruciate ligament (321) after passing through the second auxiliary ligament fixing ring (5').
5. The biomimetic tumor-type knee joint prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the morphology of the cruciate tunnels is consistent with the walking, starting and stopping points and mechanical directions of cruciate ligaments under physiological conditions.
6. The biomimetic tumor-type knee joint prosthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that the femoral component (1) and the tibial component (2) are both prepared by 3D printing technology and surface spraying process, and the first and second secondary ligament clamps (4, 4 ') are fixed on the femoral condyle prosthesis (11) by locking pins and bone cement, and the first and second secondary ligament fixation rings (5, 5') are also fixed on the tibial prosthesis (21) by locking pins and bone cement.
7. The biomimetic tumor-type knee joint prosthesis according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the tibial insert (23) is a high-stability polyethylene insert simulating a meniscus configuration.
8. The biomimetic tumor-type knee joint prosthesis according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the femoral component (1) further comprises a assembled stem extension (12) and an assembled medullary cavity extension stem (13), the assembled stem extension (12) being tapered at a first end to the femoral condylar prosthesis (11) and the assembled medullary cavity extension stem (13) being tapered at a second end to the stem assembled extension (12).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920111288.8U CN209751299U (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920111288.8U CN209751299U (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Bionic tumor type knee joint prosthesis |
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| CN209751299U true CN209751299U (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109662809A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-23 | 北京大学人民医院(北京大学第二临床医学院) | A kind of bionical tumorous type knee-joint prosthesis |
| CN113616389A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-09 | 河北春立航诺新材料科技有限公司 | Compression type prestress femoral prosthesis |
| WO2021253827A1 (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-23 | 河南理工大学 | Squatting human lower limbs joint biomimetic device |
-
2019
- 2019-01-23 CN CN201920111288.8U patent/CN209751299U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109662809A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-23 | 北京大学人民医院(北京大学第二临床医学院) | A kind of bionical tumorous type knee-joint prosthesis |
| WO2021253827A1 (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-23 | 河南理工大学 | Squatting human lower limbs joint biomimetic device |
| CN113616389A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-09 | 河北春立航诺新材料科技有限公司 | Compression type prestress femoral prosthesis |
| CN113616389B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-03-26 | 河北春立航诺新材料科技有限公司 | Compression type prestress femur prosthesis |
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Effective date of registration: 20220524 Address after: 101322 3rd floor, building 3, No.19 Dongying Road, Zhaofeng industrial base, zhaoquanying Town, Shunyi District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100044 No. 11 South Main Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, Xizhimen Patentee before: PEKING University PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL (PEKING UNIVERSITY SECOND CLINICAL MEDICAL College) |
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