CN209751192U

CN209751192U - Proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail

Info

Publication number: CN209751192U
Application number: CN201920261059.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史青林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-28
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-28

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment, a thighbone near-end is intramedullary nail alternately is disclosed, including the intramedullary nail to and the blade nail and the locking nail that link to each other with the intramedullary nail respectively, still include alternately nail, blade nail, intramedullary nail and alternately nail enclose into triangle-shaped, and the blade nail includes polished rod end and blade end, the blade end is the arris type. The utility model discloses a with marrow nail, blade nail and alternately nail design into triangle-shaped, be the cross direction with alternately nail and pass the blade nail, put forth effort in the thighbone square, be favorable to the restoration of thighbone square, strengthened once more and prevented revolving, biomechanics stability such as anti cutting, directly block withdrawing from of blade nail, easy operation is swift, does not relate to the joint, even less thighbone neck also can be quick squeeze into, can hardly prolong operation time.

Description

Proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment, concretely relates to thighbone near-end cross intramedullary nail.

Background

Intertrochanteric fracture (intertrochanteric fracture), also known as intertrochanteric fracture, is a common low-energy injury in the elderly. The old people almost have osteoporosis, the visual, auditory, movement and cognitive abilities are reduced, the comprehensive reaction capacity of all systems of the whole body is reduced, the probability of trauma is obviously increased, the two interact, the morbidity of the fracture at the part is up to 11.9% (2015, fourth edition of 'practical bone science'), the morbidity is on the rise year by year along with the aging of the society and the prolonging of the life expectancy of people, the complications of the old patients lying in bed for a long time are more, and the fatality rate is 15% -20%.

The internal fixation of fracture can obviously relieve the pain of patients, improve the life quality and reduce the fatality rate, and is particularly important in the treatment process of the fracture. The inventor has a fortunate view of the development process of internal fixation of the part in clinical work, and according to the philosophy that the practice is the only standard for checking the truth, the hollow screw, the angle steel plate and the anatomical steel plate are eliminated by the clinical practice from the beginning, and then the Dynamic Hip (DHS) and the proximal femur locking steel plate are used, because of the problems of long operation time, more blood supply damage and the like, the operation risk is increased, the clinical use is less, and the intramedullary fixation gradually appears later, and the intramedullary fixation is represented by Gamma nail, PFN and PFNA, and the intramedullary fixation has the advantages compared with the prior extramedullary fixation.

1. Gamma nail: after being widely used in North America in 1980, many doctors discovered problems in long-term follow-up, and biomechanical research found that the proximal end of the femur has a larger diameter, although fixation is enhanced, the stress on the proximal end of the femur is obviously reduced after fixation, the stress on the distal end of the femur is increased, secondary fracture is frequently caused, the head nail is thick and is a single screw, the anti-rotation capability is poor, and PFN is generated to overcome the defects when cutting in the femoral head happens.

2. PFN (proximal femoral nail): the near-end anti-rotation screw is added in the design, the stability is improved, meanwhile, the far-end locking nail is far away from the nail tail, the risk of secondary fracture caused by stress concentration is reduced, even if the near-end locking nail is used, the near-end screw is still cut and the nail is withdrawn, the operation time is long, the femoral neck is small, two screws cannot be driven into the narrow near-end locking nail, and the like, so that a PFNA (proximal femoral end anti-rotation intramedullary nail) system is provided.

3. PFNA (proximal femur anti-rotation intramedullary nail): on the basis of PFN, the advantages are really embodied, such as simple operation, shortened operation time, prevention of rotation of femoral head, reduction of withdrawal of a blade nail, reduction of loss of bone mass, avoidance of femoral shaft stress concentration and the like, but in recent years, problems such as cutting out from femoral neck, femur moment displacement, prolongation of fracture healing time, partial withdrawal of a spiral blade nail, generation of local pain and discomfort, poor anti-rotation performance as compared with double screws, difficulty in internal fixation and withdrawal in partial cases and the like also occur.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a thighbone near-end cross intramedullary nail through increasing the cross nail, forces on in the thighbone square, is favorable to the restoration of thighbone square, has strengthened once more and has prevented biomechanics stability such as soon, anti cutting, directly blocks withdrawing of blade nail, and easy operation is swift, does not relate to the joint, even less thighbone neck also can be quick squeeze into, can not prolong operation time hardly.

In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is:

The proximal femoral intersecting intramedullary nail comprises a medullary nail, a blade nail and a locking nail which are respectively connected with the medullary nail, and further comprises an intersecting nail, wherein the blade nail, the medullary nail and the intersecting nail enclose a triangle.

The blade nail includes polished rod end and blade end, the blade end is the arris type.

Furthermore, the intramedullary nail, the blade nail and the cross nail are designed into a triangle, the cross nail penetrates through the blade nail in a cross direction, the femoral moment is acted, the reduction of the femoral moment is facilitated, the biomechanical stability such as rotation prevention and cutting resistance is enhanced again, the blade nail is directly prevented from withdrawing, the operation is simple and rapid, the joint is not involved, even a small femoral neck can be driven rapidly, and the operation time can be hardly prolonged.

Furthermore, the middle part of the blade nail is provided with a guide pin hole, and the axis of the guide pin hole is collinear with the axis of the blade nail.

Furthermore, through setting up the guide pin hole to the axis in guide pin hole and the axis collineation of blade nail, make the direction that the blade nail was squeezed into more accurate, improve and implant the precision.

Furthermore, three structures Gutter are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the blade end.

further, designing the blade ends to be prism-shaped and designing the 'Gutter' structure between adjacent ribs makes the blade staple not only have a stapling function, but also the overall mass of the blade staple is lighter.

Further, the blade nail is of an integrally formed structure.

Furthermore, the blade nail is of an integrally formed structure, and although two different structures are respectively arranged at two ends of the blade nail, the integrally formed structure of the blade nail greatly improves the stress performance of the blade nail.

Further, the blade nail is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole is used for penetrating through the cross nail.

Furthermore, the blade nail is provided with the connecting hole, so that the connection of the cross nail and the blade nail is more convenient and more stable.

Further, the side wall of the blade end is provided with a plurality of barbs.

Further, will the blade nail is the matte prism, and takes the shallow barb in part for the blade nail can be directly nailed in, has avoided the electric drill to bore the bone, reduces the cutting to thighbone neck sclerotin, makes the bone volume lose still less, still has better preventing simultaneously and revolves the effect, is difficult for moving back advantages such as nail.

Further, the exterior of the blade nail is coated with a hydroxyapatite coating.

Furthermore, the blade nail and the lock nail are respectively connected to two ends of the intramedullary nail, and one end of the intramedullary nail close to the lock nail is in a tuning fork shape.

Furthermore, the far end of the intramedullary nail is designed to be in a tuning fork shape, so that the stress of the intramedullary nail is dispersed after the intramedullary nail is installed, and the damage of stress concentration to the bone is avoided.

furthermore, one end of the cross nail is a threaded end, and the other end of the cross nail is a screwing end.

further, still include the expander, the expander includes straight barrel head and awl end, the awl end is the great cone section of thick bamboo of one end, the less taper section of thick bamboo of one end, the great one end of awl end is connected in straight barrel head, the middle part of expander is equipped with the locating hole that is used for passing the pilot pin, the axis of locating hole and the axis collineation of expander.

Furthermore, through setting up the expander, utilize the expander to expand the bone, avoid using the electric drill to bore and get the sclerotin in the femoral neck, reduce the bone mass and lose, make the sclerotin inseparabler, reduce the deformation that sinks of head.

Further, the device also comprises an external positioner, and the external positioner is connected with a locking nail sleeve and a cross nail sleeve.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) The utility model discloses lead to through designing into triangle-shaped with marrow nail, blade nail and alternately nail, will alternately the nail and be the direction of crossing and pass the blade nail, put forth effort in the thighbone square, be favorable to the restoration of thighbone square, strengthened once more and prevented revolving, biomechanics stability such as anti cutting, directly block withdrawing from of blade nail, easy operation is swift, does not relate to the joint, even less thighbone neck also can be quick squeeze into, can hardly prolong operation time.

(2) The utility model discloses a set up the guide pin hole to the axis in guide pin hole and the axis collineation of blade nail make the direction that the blade nail was squeezed into more accurate, improve and implant the precision.

(3) The utility model discloses will the blade end design is the prismatic type to design "Gutter" structure between adjacent arris, make the blade nail not only have the nail function of going into, the whole quality of blade nail is lighter moreover.

(4) Blade nail is integrated into one piece structure, though the both ends of blade nail are two kinds of different structures respectively, the atress performance of blade nail that the integrated into one piece structure of blade nail improves greatly

(5) The utility model discloses a set up the connecting hole at the blade nail for the connection of alternately nail and blade nail is more convenient, connects simultaneously more firmly.

(6) The utility model discloses general the blade nail is the matte prism, and takes the shallow barb of part for the blade nail can be directly nailed into, has avoided the electric drill to bore the bone, reduces the cutting to the sclerotin of thighbone neck, makes the bone volume lose still less, still has better preventing simultaneously and revolves the effect, is difficult for moving back advantages such as nail.

(7) The utility model discloses design into the sound fork form with the distal end of medullary nail for medullary nail is at installation back stress dispersion, has avoided stress concentration to cause the damage to the skeleton.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the blade nail of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-pin connection of FIG. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the dilator of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the connection between the external positioner and the utility model.

In the figure: 1-intramedullary nail; 2-locking the nail; 3-blade nail; 31-optical rod end; 32-blade end; 33-barbs; 34-a connection hole; 4-cross nails; 41-a threaded end; 5-a dilator; 6-positioning needle; 7-a guide pin hole; 8-cross pin sleeves; 9-locking pin sleeve; 10-extracorporeal locator.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1:

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail comprises a intramedullary nail 1, a blade nail 3 and a locking nail 2 which are respectively connected with the intramedullary nail 1, and a cross nail 4, wherein the blade nail 3, the intramedullary nail 1 and the cross nail 4 enclose a triangle.

the blade nail 3 comprises a smooth rod end 31 and a blade end 32, and the blade end 32 is prism-shaped.

Through designing medullary nail 1, blade nail 3 and alternately nail 2 into triangle-shaped, cross nail 2 and be the cross direction and pass blade nail 3, put forth effort in the thighbone square, be favorable to restoreing of thighbone square, strengthened once more and prevented revolving, biomechanics stability such as anti-cutting, directly block withdrawing of blade nail, easy operation is swift, does not relate to the joint, even less thighbone neck also can be quick squeeze into, can hardly prolong operation time.

Example 2:

As shown in fig. 1-4, the proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail comprises a intramedullary nail 1, a blade nail 3 and a locking nail 2 which are respectively connected with the intramedullary nail 1, and a cross nail 4, wherein the blade nail 3, the intramedullary nail 1 and the cross nail 4 are enclosed into a triangle.

The middle part of blade nail 3 is equipped with guide pin hole 7, the axis of guide pin hole 7 and the axis collineation of blade nail 3 are through setting up guide pin hole 7 to the axis of guide pin hole 7 and the axis collineation of blade nail 3 make the direction that blade nail 3 was squeezed into more accurate, improve and implant the precision.

The exterior of the blade nail 3 is coated with a hydroxyapatite coating, the side wall of the blade end 32 is uniformly distributed with three 'Gutter' structures, the blade end 32 is designed to be prism-shaped, and a 'Gutter' structure is designed between adjacent edges, so that the blade nail 32 not only has a nailing function, but also the whole weight of the blade nail 32 is lighter.

The blade nail 3 is the integrated into one piece structure, and the blade nail 3 is the integrated into one piece structure, though the both ends of blade nail 3 are two kinds of different structures respectively, the blade nail 3's that the integrated into one piece structure of blade nail 3 improves greatly atress performance.

the blade nail 3 is provided with a connecting hole 34, the connecting hole 34 is used for penetrating the cross nail 4, and the connecting hole 34 is formed in the blade nail 3, so that the cross nail 4 and the blade nail 3 can be connected more conveniently and more stably.

The lateral wall of blade end 32 is equipped with a plurality of barbs 33, is the rough surface prism with blade nail 3, and takes part 33 barb for blade nail 3 can be directly nailed into, has avoided the electric drill to bore the bone, reduces the cutting to thighbone neck sclerotin, makes the bone mass lose still less, still has better preventing simultaneously and revolves the effect, is difficult for moving back advantages such as nail.

The blade nail 3 and the lock nail 2 are respectively connected to two ends of the intramedullary nail 1, one end, close to the lock nail 2, of the intramedullary nail 1 is in a tuning fork shape, the far end of the intramedullary nail 1 is designed into the tuning fork shape, stress of the intramedullary nail 1 is dispersed after installation, and damage to bones due to stress concentration is avoided.

One end of the cross nail 4 is a threaded end 41, and the other end of the cross nail 4 is a screwing end.

Example 3:

As shown in fig. 1-5, the proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail comprises a intramedullary nail 1, a blade nail 3 and a locking nail 2 which are respectively connected with the intramedullary nail 1, and a cross nail 4, wherein the blade nail 3, the intramedullary nail 1 and the cross nail 4 enclose a triangle.

The middle part of the blade nail 3 is provided with a guide pin hole 7, and the axis of the guide pin hole 7 is collinear with the axis of the blade nail 3.

Through setting up guide pin hole 7 to the axis of guide pin hole 7 and the axis collineation of blade nail 3 make the direction that blade nail 3 was squeezed into more accurate, improve and implant the precision.

The side wall of the blade end 32 is uniformly provided with three structures Gutter.

the design of the blade end 32 as a prism and the design of the "Gutter" structure between adjacent ribs provides not only the stapling function of the blade staples 32, but also a lighter overall mass of the blade staples 32.

The blade nail 3 is of an integrally formed structure.

the blade nail 3 is an integrally formed structure, and although two different structures are respectively arranged at two ends of the blade nail 3, the integrally formed structure of the blade nail 3 greatly improves the stress performance of the blade nail 3.

The blade nail 3 is provided with a connecting hole 34, and the connecting hole 34 is used for penetrating through the cross nail 4.

By arranging the connecting holes 34 in the blade nails 3, the connection between the cross nails 4 and the blade nails 3 is more convenient and more stable.

The side wall of the blade end 32 is provided with a plurality of barbs 33.

Will blade nail 3 is the matte prism, and takes the 33 barbs in part for blade nail 3 can be directly nailed in, has avoided the electric drill to bore the bone, reduces the cutting to thighbone neck sclerotin, makes the bone mass lose still less, still has better simultaneously and prevents revolving the effect, is difficult for moving back advantages such as nail.

The blade nail 3 is coated with a hydroxyapatite coating on the outside.

The blade nail 3 and the lock nail 2 are respectively connected to two ends of the intramedullary nail 1, and one end of the intramedullary nail 1 close to the lock nail 2 is in a tuning fork shape.

The far end of the intramedullary nail 1 is designed to be in a tuning fork shape, so that the stress of the intramedullary nail 1 is dispersed after installation, and the damage of stress concentration to bones is avoided.

Still include expander 5, expander 5 includes straight barrel head and awl end, the awl end is that one end is great, the less taper section of thick bamboo of one end, the great one end of awl end is connected in straight barrel head, the middle part of expander 5 is equipped with the locating hole that is used for passing pilot pin 6, the axis of locating hole and the axis collineation of expander 5.

Through setting up expander 5, utilize expander 5 to expand the bone, avoid using the electric drill to bore and get the sclerotin in the thighbone neck, reduce the bone mass and lose, make the sclerotin inseparabler, reduce the deformation that sinks of head.

The external fixator 10 is further included, and the external fixator 10 is connected with a locking nail sleeve 9 and a cross nail sleeve 8.

The principle of the device is as follows: the installation method comprises the following steps:

1. A small incision is cut at the upper part slightly behind the greater trochanter, a finger is used for probing the vertex of the greater trochanter, an opening is formed, a guide pin is inserted, the position of the opening is proved to be good under the C arm, and the guide pin is arranged in a medullary cavity.

2. Proximal reaming, insertion of a nail 1 of suitable length and diameter, removal of the guide pin, positioning of the external locator 10, driving of the locator pin 6 and verification of the good position of the locator pin 6 under the C-arm (right position 1/3 below the neck of femur, axis position in the middle of the neck of femur), which is an X-ray machine, with intraoperative fluoroscopy.

3. The outer cortex of the femur is drilled through along the positioning needle 6 by using an outer cortex of the femur drill, an electric drill is not needed in cancellous bone, the dilator 5 expands marrow, the loss of bone mass is reduced, the blade nail 3 with proper length is selected to be directly driven in, the position of the blade nail 3 is confirmed to be in place through fluoroscopy again, and the cross nail 4 with proper length is driven in a cross way through a cross nail sleeve and a locking nail sleeve 9 of the external sighting device.

4. The position of the cross nail 4 is seen through, the locking nail 2 is positioned through the locking nail sleeve 9, the locking nail 2 is connected, and internal fixation is completed.

The exterior of the blade nail 3 is coated with a hydroxyapatite coating, so that biological healing between the blade nail 3 and the bone is promoted, and the stability is improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone under the teaching of the present invention, and any changes in the shape or structure thereof, all the technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention, are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Thighbone near-end cross intramedullary nail is including medullary nail (1) to and blade nail (3) and lock nail (2) that link to each other with medullary nail (1) respectively, its characterized in that: the nail-shaped nail is characterized by further comprising a cross nail (4), and the blade nail (3), the medullary nail (1) and the cross nail (4) are enclosed into a triangle;

the blade nail (3) comprises a polished rod end (31) and a blade end (32), and the blade end (32) is prismatic.

2. The proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the blade nail (3) is provided with a guide pin hole (7), and the axis of the guide pin hole (7) and the axis of the blade nail (3) are collinear.

3. The proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the blade end (32) is uniformly provided with three Gutter structures.

4. The proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 2, wherein: the blade nail (3) is of an integrally formed structure.

5. The proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the blade nail (3) is provided with a connecting hole (34), and the connecting hole (34) is used for penetrating through the cross nail (4).

6. the proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 5, wherein: the side wall of the blade end (32) is provided with a plurality of barbs (33).

7. The proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the blade nail (3) and the lock nail (2) are respectively connected to two ends of the medullary nail (1), and one end, close to the lock nail (2), of the medullary nail (1) is in a tuning fork shape.

8. The proximal femoral cross intramedullary nail of claim 3, wherein: one end of the cross nail (4) is a threaded end (41), and the other end of the cross nail (4) is a screwed end.