CN209738829U

CN209738829U - Range extending device based on excitation generator and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN209738829U
Application number: CN201920388570.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李学良; 李梦磊; 龙军
Original assignee: Beijing Power Source New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Power Source New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-03-25
Filing date: 2019-03-25
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-25

Abstract

The utility model provides a range device and electric automobile increase based on excitation generator relates to electric automobile technical field, controllable excitation device can be according to the exciting current of the corresponding size of the first control signal output that main control unit sent, and apply on excitation generator's excitation coil, excitation generator produces the magnetic field intensity of corresponding size, and the output corresponds the generated power of size, and then realize the controllable purpose of generated power of output, greatly reduce because the access that increases the range device is to the adverse effect that electric automobile performance caused.

Description

Range extending device based on excitation generator and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electric automobile technique and specifically relates to a range extending device and electric automobile based on excitation generator is related to.

background

With the increase of awareness of environmental protection, electric vehicles have occupied an important position in the market. However, due to the technical level and the limited manufacturing cost of the current power battery, a set of range extending device driven by an internal combustion engine is added on the basis of the pure electric vehicle, and the range extending device is operated in a mode of enhancing the cruising ability of the electric vehicle.

However, in the whole vehicle system of the extended range electric vehicle, due to poor controllability of the extended range device, electrical parameters generated by the extended range device are unstable, so that the access of the extended range device affects the performance parameters of the whole vehicle, particularly the performance of the extended range device, the service life of a power battery, the running condition and the like. Therefore, although the range extender improves the cruising ability of the electric automobile to a certain extent, the output uncontrollable electrical parameters thereof have adverse effects on the overall performance of the electric automobile.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model aims at providing an increase journey device and electric automobile based on excitation generator, the controllability is strong, can export controllable electrical parameter, and very big degree ground reduces because the access that increases the journey device is to the whole car performance of electric automobile adverse effect that causes.

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an increase journey device based on excitation generator, include: the controllable excitation device comprises a main controller, a controllable excitation device and an excitation generator, wherein the excitation generator comprises an excitation coil;

The main controller is connected with the controllable excitation device and used for sending a first control signal to the controllable excitation device;

The controllable excitation device is connected with the excitation coil and is used for applying an excitation current corresponding to the first control signal to the excitation coil;

and the excitation generator is used for outputting the generated power corresponding to the excitation current.

With reference to the first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the present invention further includes a rotation speed control device for providing power to the excitation generator, where the rotation speed control device includes an internal combustion engine controller and an internal combustion engine connected to each other;

the internal combustion engine controller is connected with the main controller and is used for receiving a second control signal sent by the main controller and controlling the internal combustion engine to output a rotating speed corresponding to the second control signal;

the internal combustion engine is connected with the excitation generator and is used for driving the excitation generator to work so as to enable the excitation generator to output the power generation power.

In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the second possible implementation manner further includes a power battery, connected to the excitation generator, and configured to charge according to the generated power.

in combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the third possible implementation manner further includes a battery management system, respectively connected to the power battery and the main controller, and configured to receive the third control signal sent by the main controller and control the charging condition of the power battery.

with reference to the first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the internal combustion engine controller is further configured to receive a rotation speed signal of the internal combustion engine, and send the rotation speed signal to the main controller.

In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the battery management system is further configured to receive the charging information of the power battery in real time, and send the charging information to the main controller.

In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the main controller receives the charging information and the rotation speed signal, and generates the first control signal, the second control signal, and the third control signal.

with reference to the first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the controllable excitation device is further configured to control a start state and a stop state of the excitation current applied to the excitation coil.

In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein, the power generator further includes a rectifying device, respectively connected to the excitation generator and the power battery, and configured to rectify the generated power output by the excitation generator and provide electric energy for the power battery.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, which includes the range extending device based on the excitation generator and the electric vehicle body.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a journey device and electric automobile increase based on excitation generator, controllable excitation device can be according to the exciting current of the corresponding size of first control signal output that main control unit sent, and apply on excitation generator's excitation coil, excitation generator produces the magnetic field intensity of corresponding size, and the output corresponds the generated power of size, and then realize the controllable purpose of generated power of output, greatly reduce because the access that increases the journey device is to the adverse effect that the whole car performance of electric automobile caused.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a range extending device based on an excitation generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another range extending device based on an excitation generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 100-electric vehicle body; 200-range extending device based on excitation generator; 10-a main controller; 20-a controllable excitation device; 30-an excitation generator; 31-a field coil; 40-a rotational speed control device; 41-internal combustion engine; 42-an internal combustion engine controller; 50-a rectifying device; 60-a power battery; 70-battery management system.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

at present, three range-extending power generation devices are generally available in range-extending devices and range-extending schemes for electric automobiles at home and abroad.

Firstly, the permanent magnet synchronous generator and the internal combustion engine are coupled, and the stability of the output voltage and current of the internal combustion power generation range-extending device is realized through inversion and controllable rectification technologies. However, the permanent magnet synchronous motor generates an excitation field by means of the permanent magnet, and once the motor is selected, the magnetic field intensity of the motor is difficult to flexibly adjust. In application, the range extender needs to adjust the power generation power along with the electric quantity requirement of the whole vehicle, so that an additional high-power circuit needs to be arranged on the basis of the range extender to serve as an output conditioning circuit, and the controllability of the power generation power is realized.

And secondly, a scheme for coupling the asynchronous generator and the internal combustion engine is similar to the first scheme, and the controllability of the generated power is realized by adding a complex circuit because the magnetic field intensity in the motor cannot be adjusted. In addition, the power generation efficiency of the asynchronous generator is generally lower than that of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, so that the scheme has lower power generation efficiency than the first scheme.

The scheme mainly aims at improving the power generation efficiency by optimizing electromagnetic internal structures (generator stator and rotor sheet structures and magnetic field distribution) at present, and because the access of the range-extending device of the scheme can influence the performance parameters of the whole vehicle, the controllability of the power generation power is not realized in an effective mode.

For the third scheme, the service life (cycle number) of the power battery is related to the charging and discharging amplitude and the charging current fluctuation. Taking a power battery, namely a lithium battery, as an example, the larger the charge and discharge amplitude and current fluctuation is, the shorter the service life is. Therefore, it is necessary for the range extender to control the charging amplitude and charging current fluctuation according to the inherent characteristics of a specific battery. The conventional range-extended electric vehicle is mainly controlled by the following two aspects:

(1) monitoring the change of the State of Charge (SOC) of the power battery in real time, and if the charging amplitude is larger than the set amplitude, closing the range extender;

(2) And monitoring the charging current in real time, and adjusting the power generation power on the premise of keeping the voltage stable so as to keep the current stable.

For the first situation, a general extended range electric vehicle is provided with a power battery with a lower capacity, when the State of Charge (SOC) of the power battery is monitored in real time, if the charging amplitude is larger than a set amplitude, because the generated power of the extended range device is uncontrollable, frequent start and stop are required to ensure the acceptable charging amplitude of the power battery, and the fuel economy of the internal combustion engine is reduced;

For the second case, assuming that the electric vehicle applied by the range extender executes the lowest use cost control strategy, before the electric vehicle finishes a running task (the main battery mainly applied by the electric vehicle is charged by the power grid), in order to ensure that the main battery of the electric vehicle does not reach the lowest electric quantity state which is harmful to the electric vehicle, the generated power change requirement of the range extender on the time axis needs to be planned at the whole vehicle controller level of the electric vehicle. At this time, if the generated power of the extended range system is uncontrollable or the controllable degree is small, only the power generation time can be discretized, that is, the power generation time can be discretized by controlling the extended range device to be frequently started and stopped, which leads to the reduction of the fuel economy of the internal combustion engine.

based on this, the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of increase journey device and electric automobile based on excitation generator, the controllability is strong, can export controllable electrical parameter, and very big degree ground reduces because the access that increases the journey device is to the whole car performance of electric automobile adverse effect that causes.

the following is a detailed description by way of example.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a range extending device based on an excitation generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the range extending device comprises a main controller 10, a controllable excitation device 20 and an excitation generator 30 which are connected in sequence, wherein the excitation generator 30 comprises an excitation coil 31;

A main controller 10 for sending a first control signal to the controllable excitation device 20;

A controllable excitation device 20 for applying an excitation current corresponding to the first control signal to the excitation coil 31 according to the first control signal;

and an excitation generator 30 for outputting generated power corresponding to the excitation current.

In a preferred embodiment of practical application, the controllable excitation device 20 may output an excitation current of a corresponding magnitude according to the first control signal sent by the main controller 10, and apply the excitation current to the excitation coil 31 of the excitation generator 30, and the excitation generator 30 generates a magnetic field of a corresponding magnitude and outputs a corresponding magnitude of generated power, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the output generated power, and greatly reducing adverse effects on the performance of the whole electric vehicle due to the access of the range extender.

as an alternative embodiment, the excitation generator 30 is an ac excitation generator 30, and the excitation coil 31 is disposed on the rotor of the excitation generator 30 and outputs the generated power from the stator thereof.

It should be noted that controllable excitation device 20 is a structure that can adjust exciting current, and its specific structure, model can be changed according to the practical application condition, do not do specifically and restrict here, and its specific structure, model are right the utility model discloses the realization of embodiment does not have the influence, the constructional device of chooseing for use can realize that exciting current adjusts the function can, numerous among the prior art, and technical staff in the field can learn.

For the sake of better clarity, as an alternative embodiment, the controllable excitation device in the embodiment of the present invention may include an excitation power unit and an excitation regulator, wherein the output of the excitation power unit is controlled by the excitation regulator according to the first control signal and the regulation criterion set by the excitation regulator, and the excitation power unit transmits the regulated excitation current to the rotor of the excitation generator. In addition, the field current may be supplied from a low voltage battery or power cell 60 inside the electric vehicle.

further, as shown in fig. 2, the range extending device 200 based on the excitation generator according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a main controller 10, a rotational speed control device 40, a controllable excitation device 20, an excitation generator 30, a power battery 60, and a battery management system 70;

the rotation speed control device 40 sends a rotation speed signal of the internal combustion engine 41 to the main controller 10, the battery management system 70 receives the charging information of the power battery 60 in real time and sends the charging information to the main controller 10, and the main controller 10 sends a first control signal and a second control signal to the controllable excitation device 20 and the rotation speed control device 40 respectively according to the charging information and the rotation speed signal. The controllable excitation device 20 outputs an excitation current of a corresponding magnitude according to the first control signal, provides a magnetic field strength of a corresponding magnitude for the excitation generator 30, and outputs a generated power corresponding to the first control signal. The rotation speed control device 40 adjusts the rotation speed to a value corresponding to the second control signal according to the second control signal, and drives the excitation generator 30 according to the adjusted rotation speed, so that the excitation generator 30 outputs a corresponding amount of power generation.

In addition, the main controller 10 also sends a third control signal to the battery management system 70, so that the battery management system 70 controls the charging condition of the power battery 60 according to the third control signal.

It should be noted that the magnitude of the generated power output by the excitation generator 30 can be adjusted simultaneously according to the rotation speed signal of the rotation speed control device 40 and the excitation current applied by the controllable excitation device 20, wherein the excitation current mainly adjusts the magnitude of the generated power, and the rotation speed signal mainly adjusts the working efficiency of the excitation generator 30 outputting the generated power, that is, the excitation generator 30 can output the generated power meeting the charging requirement of the power battery 60 with high working efficiency through the control signal sent by the main controller 10.

In the above embodiment, the rotation speed control device 40 may power the excitation generator 30, the rotation speed control device 40 including the internal combustion engine controller 42 and the internal combustion engine 41 connected;

The internal combustion engine controller 42 is connected with the main controller 10 and is used for receiving the second control signal sent by the main controller 10 and controlling the internal combustion engine 41 to output the rotating speed corresponding to the second control signal;

Here, the internal combustion Engine controller 42 is an Engine Control Unit (ECU), which is an electronic device for controlling operations of various parts of the internal combustion Engine 41, and can adjust and control the fuel injection amount of the fuel Engine (the internal combustion Engine 41) in real time by adjusting the starting torque of the internal combustion Engine 41, so as to reduce the fuel consumption of the starting of the internal combustion Engine 41, wherein the simplest ECU can only control the fuel injection amount of each Engine cycle.

And the internal combustion engine 41 is connected with the excitation generator 30 and is used for driving the excitation generator 30 to work so as to enable the excitation generator 30 to output the generated power, wherein the internal combustion engine 41 and the excitation generator 30 are in a coaxial direct connection mechanical connection mode.

It can be understood that, the excitation generator 30 is used as the load of the internal combustion engine 41, when the controllable excitation device 20 adjusts the excitation current, the magnetic field strength of the excitation generator 30 changes, and then the load of the internal combustion engine 41 changes, at this time, the main controller 10 sends a second control signal to the internal combustion engine controller 42, and the internal combustion engine controller 42 adjusts the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 41 according to the second control signal, that is, the rotation speed signal is adjusted in time according to the load that changes in real time, so as to make the generator have higher working efficiency.

In practice, the range extender will output a large instantaneous current at the generator at the moment the internal combustion engine 41 is started. Typical prior art solutions cancel this transient current by adding a buffer circuit. And the embodiment of the utility model provides a controllable excitation device 20 of accessible adjusts exciting current after internal-combustion engine 41 starts to realize the magnetic field intensity of slow increase excitation generator 30, and then can eliminate the destructive influence of instantaneous heavy current to the circuit, simple structure saves the cost.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a control for the biggest execution excitation field intensity of accessible to adjust internal-combustion engine 41 load and generated power in real time, in order to reach and satisfy the whole car required generated energy planning of electric automobile under the condition of not opening, stopping internal-combustion engine 41, controllable excitation device 20 still can be used to control exciting current's that applys on excitation coil 31 starting condition and stop state.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an increase journey device, accessible controllable excitation device 20 applys exciting current's start-up, stop and adjust exciting current's size to exciting coil 31, and then will excite the magnetic field intensity of generator 30 and adjust the maximum field intensity from zero to adjust electrical parameters such as engine load, system power generation, current fluctuation and voltage fluctuation, realize the controllable purpose of the electrical parameter of output.

In order to improve the utilization rate of the power battery 60 and prevent the battery from being overcharged and overdischarged, a battery management system 70 which is a link between the power battery 60 and the whole electric vehicle is added, wherein the battery management system 70 and the power battery 60 are integrated in a range extending device;

and a power battery 60 connected to the field generator 30 for charging according to the generated power.

A Battery management system 70 (BMS), respectively connected to the power Battery 60 and the main controller 10, for receiving a third control signal sent by the main controller 10 and controlling the charging condition of the power Battery 60.

As an alternative embodiment, the engine controller 42 is further configured to receive a rotation speed signal of the engine 41 and send the rotation speed signal to the main controller 10. The battery management system 70 is further configured to receive charging information of the power battery 60 in real time and send the charging information to the main controller 10, and the main controller 10 generates various control signals according to the rotation speed signal and the charging information to implement a closed loop of the control process.

the charging information may include electrical parameters such as system generated power, current fluctuation, and voltage fluctuation.

As a possible preferred embodiment, the power generator further comprises a rectifying device 50 for rectifying the generated power output by the field generator 30 and supplying electric power to the power battery 60, and the rectifying device 50 may comprise a rectifying bridge respectively connected to the field generator 30 and the power battery 60, and the rectifying bridge may be fixed inside the housing of the field generator 30, so as to reduce the use of wiring harnesses and connectors, thereby forming a compact layout, and eliminating the conventional generator controller equipment, so that the structure is simple and compact, the cost is low, and the space layout is easy.

The excitation motor adopts an electromagnetic power generation mode of rotor excitation and stator three-phase winding, is used for efficient power generation of the range extender, converts mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 41 into three-phase alternating current and transmits the three-phase alternating current to the rectifying device 50 through a circuit, and the rectifying device 50 converts the three-phase power generated by the excitation generator 30 into direct current and transmits the direct current to the power battery 60 for charging.

As an optional application scenario, the main controller 10 may be a vehicle controller of an electric vehicle or a range extender controller connected to the vehicle controller, that is, the main controller 10 can obtain the charging and power consumption of a main battery mainly applied in the vehicle through the battery management system 70. Here, the vehicle control unit may have a life curve of the primary battery built therein, and the main controller 10 may further know when the primary battery is at the lowest electric quantity value that is about to damage the battery according to the life curve, and then control the range extender to operate at this time, and calculate the required generated power and electrical parameters according to the electric quantity condition at this time, and send corresponding control signals to the controllable excitation device 20 and the rotation speed control device 40 to control the excitation generator 30 to output the generated power of a corresponding magnitude, and charge the power battery 60, and then meet the vehicle demand at this time through the electric quantity of the power battery 60, and will not damage each battery, and the vehicle control unit has the advantages of low cost, high controllability, simple structure, fast response of generated power, and the like.

The range-extended electric vehicle is used as a simple hybrid power system, the control of the range-extended electric vehicle is mainly embodied in the performance of the power battery 60 and the use strategy of a range-extended device, and the main controller 10 can be configured with the control strategy of the range-extended device, wherein one mode is to simply limit the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the electric quantity of the power battery 60; the other is to comprehensively consider the driving and endurance requirements and the service life of the battery so as to limit the charging and discharging amplitude, and the application can be selected according to the actual situation.

Further, the embodiment of the utility model provides an electric automobile is still provided, include as above based on excitation generator increase journey device 200 and the electric motor car body 100, increase the inside that journey device installation set up at the electric motor car body 100, as shown in fig. 3, specifically can set up according to the actual assembly condition of car.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric automobile, the range extending device based on excitation generator who provides with above-mentioned embodiment has the same technical characteristic, so also can solve the same technical problem, reaches the same technological effect.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A range extending device based on an excitation generator is characterized by comprising: the controllable excitation device comprises a main controller, a controllable excitation device and an excitation generator, wherein the excitation generator comprises an excitation coil;

2. The range extender of claim 1, further comprising a rotational speed control device for powering said excitation generator, said rotational speed control device comprising an internal combustion engine controller and an internal combustion engine connected;

3. The range extender of claim 2, further comprising a power battery connected to the excitation generator for charging in accordance with the generated power.

4. The range extender of claim 3, further comprising a battery management system respectively connected to the power battery and the main controller, for receiving a third control signal sent by the main controller and controlling the charging condition of the power battery.

5. The range extender of claim 4, wherein the engine controller is further configured to receive a speed signal from the internal combustion engine and send the speed signal to the main controller.

6. The range extender of claim 5, wherein the battery management system is further configured to receive charging information of the power battery in real time and send the charging information to the main controller.

7. The range extender of claim 6, wherein the master controller receives the charging information and the rotational speed signal and generates the first control signal, the second control signal, and the third control signal.

8. The range extender of claim 1, wherein the controllable excitation means is further configured to control a start condition and a stop condition of the excitation current applied to the excitation coil.

9. the range extender of claim 3, further comprising a rectifier connected to the excitation generator and the power battery, respectively, for rectifying the generated power output from the excitation generator and supplying electric power to the power battery.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, comprising the range extender based on the excitation generator and the electric vehicle body according to any one of claims 1 to 9.