CN209736652U

CN209736652U - Quick servo knife rest

Info

Publication number: CN209736652U
Application number: CN201822270790.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张略; 汪洋; 陈涛
Original assignee: Suzhou University
Current assignee: Suzhou University
Priority date: 2018-12-29
Filing date: 2018-12-29
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick servo knife rest for the super-precision cutting of micro-structure surface, including the cutter mounting bracket, the cutter mounting bracket is equipped with the cutter and is used for driving the cutter to feed the drive division of cutting, is equipped with on the cutter to be used for when receiving voltage applying effort, in order to restrain the piezoelectricity finished piece that shimmys to the cutter. The utility model provides a quick servo knife rest utilizes the vibration of piezoelectricity effect compensation cutter of piezoelectricity finished piece, realizes the flutter control when processing the cutter, has reduced the production of useless piece, has reduced the wearing and tearing of cutter simultaneously, and does not change the cutting parameter relevant with cutter track design, adapts to the cutter track design and the ultra-precision cutting of more complex surface types, has effectively improved micro-structure surface cutting machining precision.

Description

Quick servo knife rest

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a micro-structure processing technology field, more specifically say, relate to a quick servo knife rest.

Background

The microstructure surface is a surface with a micro-geometry shape with submicron-level surface shape precision and nanoscale surface roughness, and has important application value in the fields of biology, optics, mechanics and the like because the microstructure surface has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low manufacturing cost and the like and can realize new functions of micro, array, integration, imaging, wavefront conversion and the like which are difficult to realize by common elements.

At present, a plurality of machining methods are used for the surface of the microstructure, wherein diamond ultra-precision cutting machining has the remarkable advantages of capability of machining a smooth and continuous non-rotary symmetrical three-dimensional structure, various machining materials, high machining efficiency, no need of subsequent polishing and the like, and thus the diamond ultra-precision cutting machining becomes a hot research technology for manufacturing the surface of the microstructure. Wherein the diamond machining comprises: fly-cutting machining, slow slide Servo machining, and Fast Tool Servo machining (FTS). The quick cutter servo processing technology is characterized in that an FTS module is added on a common T-shaped lathe, the module drives a cutter to generate high-frequency response and short-stroke quick and precise feed motion along the Z direction in the processing process, and the precise and efficient processing of parts with complex surface shapes is completed by matching with the motion of other shafts of the lathe. In the microstructure surface machining, the cutting speed and the back cutting amount are time-variant, so that the change of dynamic cutting force can be caused, the cutting process is unstable, the machined surface type precision and surface roughness can not meet the preset requirements, the cutter can be damaged in serious conditions, and the requirement of a cutting stable region on cutting parameters also limits the cutter track design and cutting of complex surface types (such as non-rotation symmetrical surfaces, free-form surfaces and the like).

In summary, those skilled in the art need to solve the above problems how to provide a fast servo tool rest that can be used for various complex surface types, has high processing precision, and is not easy to wear.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the present invention provides a quick servo tool rest, which can reduce the generation of waste parts and prolong the service life of the tool.

in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The utility model provides a quick servo knife rest for the super precision cutting of micro-structure surface, includes the cutter mounting bracket, the cutter mounting bracket is equipped with the cutter and is used for driving the cutter to feed the drive division of cutting, it is right when receiving voltage to be equipped with on the cutter applys effort, with the piezoelectricity finished piece that suppresses the flutter.

Preferably, the tool mounting rack comprises a fixed frame fixedly connected with the tool and a connecting frame used for being connected with a lathe, and a flexible hinge used for limiting the tool to move linearly is arranged between the fixed frame and the connecting frame.

Preferably, the driving part is made of piezoelectric ceramics, and a floating joint for preventing the piezoelectric ceramics from bearing radial force is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramics and the fixed frame.

Preferably, the connecting frame is provided with a mounting hole, and one end, far away from the cutter, of the piezoelectric ceramic is arranged in the mounting hole and fixed with the connecting frame through a pre-tightening nut.

Preferably, the cutter and the fixing frame are provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the cutter and the fixing frame, and the positioning holes are provided with positioning pins for limiting the installation position of the cutter.

Preferably, two hinge groups are arranged side by side along the length direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, and each hinge group comprises two flexible hinges symmetrically distributed on the opposite side of the fixed frame.

Preferably, the piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric sheet and a controller for applying a compensation voltage to the piezoelectric sheet, and the compensation voltage excites the piezoelectric sheet to generate vibration corresponding to chatter vibration of the tool so as to suppress the chatter vibration of the tool.

Preferably, the piezoelectric plate is fixed to the cutter by bonding.

The utility model provides a quick servo knife rest includes cutter, drive division and the cutter mounting bracket of being connected with the two, is provided with piezoelectricity finished piece on the cutter, and piezoelectricity finished piece can receive voltage to the effort of balanced shimmy to the cutter. Because the quick servo tool rest is provided with the piezoelectric part made of the piezoelectric material on the tool, in the using process, the piezoelectric part can convert the received voltage into mechanical stress under the influence of the inverse piezoelectric effect. When the tool generates vibration in the feeding process, the mechanical stress compensates the vibration, and the vibration of the tool is weakened, so that the processing precision and the processing quality of the tool are improved, meanwhile, the abrasion of the tool is reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fast servo tool post provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the turning flutter mechanical model provided by the utility model.

The reference numbers in FIGS. 1-2 are:

The device comprises a piezoelectric part 1, a cutter 2, a positioning pin 3, a flexible hinge 4, a floating joint 5, piezoelectric ceramics 6, a cutter mounting frame 7 and a pre-tightening nut 8.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The core of the utility model is to provide a quick servo knife rest, it can realize the control that shimmys when adding man-hour to the cutter, adapts to the cutter orbit design and the ultra-precision cutting of more complicated micro-structure face types.

Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fast servo tool post according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the turning flutter mechanical model provided by the utility model.

the utility model provides a quick servo knife rest for the ultra-precise cutting on micro-structure surface, including cutter mounting bracket 7, cutter mounting bracket 7 is equipped with cutter 2 and is used for driving cutter 2 to feed the drive division of cutting, is equipped with on cutter 2 to be used for when receiving voltage applying effort, with the piezoelectricity finished piece 1 that restraines the vibrations to cutter 2.

In particular, the tool mount 7 is used to hold the tool 2, the drive part, etc., and is connected to the lathe during operation and is moved and/or rotated under the control of the lathe. The driving part is connected with the cutter 2 through a cutter mounting frame 7 and provides power for fast feeding of the cutter 2; the piezoelectric ceramic 6 having advantages such as a fast response, a high acceleration, and a wide frequency response range is preferably used for the driving unit.

The piezoelectric element 1 is made of a piezoelectric material, and can realize interconversion between mechanical vibration and alternating current. The piezoelectric device 1 may specifically include a piezoelectric sheet or an element made of other piezoelectric materials, which is fixed to the tool 2 by means of adhesion; in addition, the piezoelectric element 1 further comprises a controller capable of applying a compensation voltage to the piezoelectric patch, the compensation voltage exciting the piezoelectric patch to generate vibration with an amplitude and a frequency corresponding to the amplitude and the frequency of the tool 2 chattering, respectively. In the using process, the controller applies compensation voltage corresponding to the flutter on the piezoelectric part 1, the piezoelectric part 1 converts the received compensation voltage into mechanical stress, and the mechanical stress corresponds to the flutter generated by the cutter 2 and offsets the flutter, so that the vibration of the cutter 2 is weakened.

It should be noted that, in the actual machining process, a user needs to plan a tool path according to the microstructure surface to be machined, simulation software is used to simulate the cutting condition of the tool 2 when chatter occurs in the cutting operation process, and the simulation experiment may be specifically performed by using the mass spring damping model provided in fig. 2. Obtaining a vibration image or other vibration information which can indicate the vibration condition of the cutter 2 by using a simulation experiment, wherein the vibration information corresponds to the acting force of the piezoelectric part 1 on the cutter 2, and further calculating corresponding compensation voltage according to the vibration information, namely a voltage value which is required to be applied to the piezoelectric part 1 for inhibiting vibration. In the processing process, the controller applies compensation voltage on the piezoelectric part 1, namely, the compensation of the cutter 2 can be realized by utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material.

It can be understood that in the mass spring damping model shown in fig. 2, k is equivalent stiffness, c is equivalent damping, f (T) is cutting force, θ is cutting angle, h0 is nominal cutting thickness, h (T) is dynamic cutting thickness, x (T) is vibration pattern generated by this time of cutting, and x (T-T) is vibration pattern generated by the last time of cutting.

In addition, in the process that the controller applies the compensation voltage to the piezoelectric patch, the controller can adopt an open-loop control working mode, namely the controller applies the compensation voltage to the piezoelectric patch according to preset voltage according to flutter information obtained by a simulation experiment. The controller may also adopt a closed-loop control mode, that is, the piezoelectric element 1 further includes a sensor capable of sensing the vibration of the tool 2, and the controller applies the compensation voltage to the piezoelectric patch according to the monitoring result of the sensor. The working principle and the specific circuit structure of the controller can refer to the prior art.

The application provides a quick servo knife rest is provided with piezoelectricity finished piece 1 on cutter 2, utilizes piezoelectricity finished piece 1 to carry out feedforward control and realizes the flutter control of adding man-hour, has effectively improved micro-structure surface cutting machining precision, has also reduced the wearing and tearing of cutter 2 simultaneously, has prolonged the life of cutter 2. In addition, the quick servo tool rest provided by the application does not change cutting parameters related to tool track design, and is suitable for tool track design and ultra-precision cutting of more complex surfaces.

It is worth noting that in practical use, modal analysis needs to be carried out on the fast servo tool rest, and the working frequency of the fast servo tool rest is controlled to be far away from the natural frequency, so that the occurrence of resonance is avoided.

Optionally, in order to optimize the use effect of the fast servo tool rest, in an embodiment provided by the present application, the tool mounting bracket 7 includes a fixing bracket fixedly connected to the tool 2 and a connecting bracket for connecting to a lathe, and a flexible hinge 4 for ensuring the linear movement of the tool 2 and eliminating the tangential stress is provided between the fixing bracket and the connecting bracket.

Specifically, the fixed frame is fixedly connected with the cutter 2 through a bolt or a positioning pin 3 and other structures; the connecting frame is of a frame structure and drives the fixing frame, the driving part, the cutter 2 and other components to move together under the control of the lathe. The driving part realizes the feeding of the cutter 2 through the flexible hinge 4, thereby ensuring the linearity of the displacement direction of the cutter 2.

Considering that the driving part is the piezoelectric ceramics 6 which is sensitive to tension, torsion and shearing force, and the feeding motion of the directly driven cutter 2 can cause the piezoelectric ceramics 6 to be damaged, the double-parallel flexible hinge is adopted in the application, and is mainly used for eliminating the load of the driving part in a non-functional direction (namely tangential direction), and the number of the flexible hinges 4 can be four, eight or other numbers. Taking four flexible hinges 4 as an example, during actual assembly, every two flexible hinges 4 are a hinge group, the two hinge groups are arranged side by side along the feeding direction of the cutter 2, and the two flexible hinges 4 in the same hinge group are symmetrically distributed on the opposite side of the fixed frame.

Further, in order to ensure the effective transmission of the linear feeding motion of the tool 2 and reduce the influence of assembly errors on the transmission of radial displacement, in an embodiment provided by the present application, a floating joint 5 is arranged between the tool mounting bracket 7 and the piezoelectric ceramic 6. Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic 6 is columnar, the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic is consistent with the feeding direction of the cutter 2, and the floating joint 5 is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic 6 and the fixed frame. In actual assembling process, floating joint 5 sets up the screw hole towards one side of piezoceramics 6, and correspondingly, piezoceramics 6's first end processing has the external screw thread of fixing with the screw hole cooperation. In addition, a screw is arranged on one side of the floating joint 5 away from the piezoelectric ceramic 6 and is fixed with the fixed frame through threads.

Optionally, in an embodiment provided by the present application, the connecting frame is provided with a mounting hole, and one end of the piezoelectric ceramic 6, which is far away from the cutting tool 2, is arranged in the mounting hole and is fixed with the connecting frame through a pre-tightening nut 8. Specifically, in the installation, can directly hold processing external screw thread at piezoceramics 6's second, correspondingly, the knife rest is equipped with the mounting hole, and piezoceramics 6 second end stretches into to the mounting hole in, and pretension nut 8 offsets with the link and makes piezoceramics 6 have certain pretightning force.

Optionally, in the embodiment of fixing the tool 2 provided in the present application, the tool 2 and the fixing frame are provided with positioning holes corresponding to each other in position, and the positioning holes are provided with positioning pins 3 for limiting the installation position of the tool 2. Specifically, the cutter 2 is provided with a first positioning hole, the fixing frame is provided with a second positioning hole, the positions of the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole correspond to each other one by one and are communicated to form a complete positioning hole, and the two positioning pins 3 extend into the two positioning holes respectively to realize the assembly of the cutter 2 and the cutter mounting frame 7.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

it is right above that the utility model provides a quick servo knife rest has carried out detailed introduction. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a quick servo knife rest, its characterized in that for the ultra-precise cutting of micro-structure surface, includes tool mounting bracket (7), tool mounting bracket (7) are equipped with cutter (2) and are used for driving cutter (2) to feed the drive division of cutting, it is right to be equipped with on cutter (2) to be used for when receiving voltage cutter (2) applys effort, piezoelectric (1) in order to restrain flutter, piezoelectric (1) include the piezoelectric patches with be used for to the controller of compensation voltage is applyed to the piezoelectric patches, the compensation voltage excitation the vibration that the piezoelectric patches produced with the flutter of cutter (2) corresponds, in order to restrain the flutter of cutter (2).

2. Quick servo tool head according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool mounting (7) comprises a fixed mount fixedly connected to the tool (2) and a connecting mount for connection to a lathe, between which a flexible hinge (4) is provided for limiting the linear movement of the tool (2).

3. Quick servo tool head according to claim 2, wherein the driving part is a piezo ceramic (6), and a floating joint (5) for avoiding radial forces of the piezo ceramic (6) is provided between the piezo ceramic (6) and the holder.

4. Quick servo tool head according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting frame is provided with a mounting hole, wherein the end of the piezoceramic tool (6) remote from the tool (2) is arranged in the mounting hole and fixed with the connecting frame by means of a pre-tightening nut (8).

5. Quick servo tool head according to claim 4, characterized in that the tool (2) and the holder are provided with correspondingly positioned positioning holes provided with positioning pins (3) for limiting the mounting position of the tool (2).

6. Quick servo tool head according to claim 5, characterized in that two hinge groups are arranged side by side along the length of the piezoceramic body (6), each hinge group comprising two flexible hinges (4) symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the holder.

7. Quick servo tool head according to claim 1, characterized in that the piezo-electric plate is adhesively fixed with the tool (2).