CN209710056U - A kind of millimeter wave power control circuit - Google Patents
A kind of millimeter wave power control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN209710056U CN209710056U CN201920612535.2U CN201920612535U CN209710056U CN 209710056 U CN209710056 U CN 209710056U CN 201920612535 U CN201920612535 U CN 201920612535U CN 209710056 U CN209710056 U CN 209710056U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of millimeter wave power control circuit, driving unit, ALC processing board, power amplifier unit and coupling unit, pass through Reverse Turning Control mode, form a high-gain number degeneration factor, by comparing input rectified signal and the size of the performance number and a setting performance number that export rectified signal, to export control voltage to control the attenuation of attenuator, the output power of radiofrequency signal to be locked in the range of requirement, simultaneously, since digital degeneration factor is a digital feedback loop, loop can be disconnected according to the setting of user, that is ALC processing board may operate in open loop situations, output signal can be changed with the size linear change of input power.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of wireless communication more particularly to a kind of millimeter wave power control circuits.
Background technique
With the development that deepens continuously of the communication technology, transinformation increasingly increases, no matter public network or dedicated
Communication network, the portfolio of communication are all rapidly increasing, and microwave spectrum is also very crowded, face such situation, millimeter wave
Communication obtains the extensive use of every field with its advantage richly endowed by nature.Millimeter-wave transmitter is in millimetre-wave attenuator equipment
Important component, effect be by modulated wave by frequency conversion, amplification, filtering etc. processing after, be conveyed to antenna-feeder system, be sent to logical
Believe other side or forward relay station.The gain of system is arranged by software for traditional millimeter-wave transmitter, by adjusting input work
The size of rate obtains output power, but there are the gains of system by temperature the method for this gain by software setting system
Degree variation influences big problem, leads to not the output power for effectively controlling transmitter.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of millimeter wave power control circuit, to solve existing millimeter wave power control method
The problem of millimeter wave transmission power can not effectively be controlled.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of millimeter wave power control circuit, comprising:
Driving unit, including sequentially connected first coupling geophone, pre-amplifier, balanced device, attenuator and second
Coupling geophone generates input rectified signal in the first coupling geophone described in one radiofrequency signal feed-in, and the radiofrequency signal is straight
It connects by first coupling geophone and inputs the pre-amplifier, balanced device, amplifies in attenuator, balanced and decline
Subtract to generate output rectified signal in the second coupling geophone described in feed-in；
ALC processing board, including FPGA controller and converter, the converter is for receiving the input detection letter
Number and the output rectified signal and input in the FPGA controller after being AD converted, the FPGA controller is by comparing
The size of the performance number of the input rectified signal and the output rectified signal and a setting performance number, to export control electricity
It presses to control the attenuation of the attenuator；
Power amplifier unit, for receiving the through connect signal by the driving unit and carrying out power amplification；
Coupling unit, including sequentially connected forward coupler and backward coupler, the forward coupler are used for function
To before being coupled as to output signal before the amplified through connect signal of rate, the backward coupler carries out antenna echo reflection signal
To output signal after being coupled as backward；
Detection unit, including it is preceding to wave detector and backward wave detector, it is respectively used to receive the forward direction output signal and institute
It is exported to output signal after stating and after carrying out logarithmic detector.
Optionally, first coupling geophone, amplifier, balanced device, attenuator and the second coupling geophone are located at two
Between a isolator, and post-amplifier is additionally provided between the attenuator and second coupling geophone.
Optionally, there are two the forward direction wave detector, the couplings of a forward direction wave detector for tool in the detection unit
Degree is 40dB, and the degree of coupling of another forward direction wave detector is 30dB.
Optionally, the degree of coupling of the backward wave detector is 25dB.
Optionally, the forward direction wave detector and the backward wave detector include two-stage logarithm in parallel depending on putting structure.
In millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the utility model, driving unit, ALC processing board, power amplifier unit and
Coupling unit forms a high-gain number degeneration factor by Reverse Turning Control mode, by comparing input rectified signal and
The size of the performance number and a setting performance number of rectified signal is exported, to export control voltage to control the decaying of attenuator
Amount, in the range of the output power of radiofrequency signal is locked in requirement, simultaneously as digital degeneration factor is a number
Feedback loop, loop can be disconnected according to the setting of user, i.e. ALC processing board may operate in open loop situations, and output signal can be with
It is changed with the size linear change of input power.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will have below
Attached drawing needed in technical description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Shen
Some embodiments please for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the driving unit and ALC processing board of millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the coupling unit of millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the detection unit of millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 5 is the control flow chart of millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Appended drawing reference:
1- driving unit；The first isolator of 11-；12- first couples detection；13- pre-amplifier；14- balanced device；15-
Attenuator；16- diode；17- post-amplifier；18- second couples detection；The second isolator of 19-；2-ALC processing board；21-
FPGA controller；3- power amplifier unit；4- coupling unit；The first forward coupler of 41-；The second forward coupler of 42-；43- third
Coupler；To coupler after 44-；5- detection unit；To wave detector before 51-；To wave detector after 52-.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, certain exemplary embodiments are simply just described.As one skilled in the art will recognize that
Like that, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model, it can be modified by various different modes described real
Apply example.Therefore, attached drawing and description are considered essentially illustrative rather than restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width
Degree ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " is based on the figure
Orientation or positional relationship is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than the dress of indication or suggestion meaning
It sets or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as to the utility model
Limitation.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.The meaning of " plurality " is two or two in the description of the present invention,
More than, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " Gu
It is fixed " etc. terms shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be
Mechanical connection, is also possible to be electrically connected, can also be communication；It can be directly connected, the indirect phase of intermediary can also be passed through
Even, the connection inside two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements be can be.For those of ordinary skill in the art
For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature the "upper" of second feature or it
"lower" may include that the first and second features directly contact, and also may include that the first and second features are not direct contacts but lead to
Cross the other characterisation contact between them.Moreover, fisrt feature includes above the second feature " above ", " above " and " above "
One feature is right above second feature and oblique upper, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height higher than second feature.First is special
Sign includes fisrt feature right above second feature and oblique upper under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below ", or only
Indicate that first feature horizontal height is less than second feature.
The utility model/utility model embodiment is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of millimeter wave power control circuit, including driving unit 1,
ALC processing board 2, power amplifier unit 3, coupling unit 4 and detection unit 5.
As shown in Fig. 2, the driving unit 1 includes that sequentially connected first isolator 11, first couples detection 12, prime
Amplifier 13, balanced device 14, attenuator 15, diode 16, post-amplifier 17, second couple detection 18 and the second isolator
19, a radiofrequency signal inputs rectified signal through generating in the first coupling geophone 12 described in 11 feed-in of the first isolator, from
The radiofrequency signal directly passed through in the first coupling detection 12 inputs the pre-amplifier 13, balanced device 14, attenuator 15
In sequentially amplify, balanced and decaying is to generate output rectified signal in the second coupling geophone 18 described in feed-in, described defeated
It is whether normal for detecting signal to enter rectified signal and the output rectified signal, the attenuator 15 is numerical-control attenuator, institute
Stating diode 16 is analog attenuation diode, and using numerical control attenuation+analog attenuation mode, numerical control attenuation can provide 1~31dB
The a wide range of dough softening, analog attenuation provide 3~5dB accurate attenuation control amount.
Further, first isolator 11 and the wide suitable microstrip isolator of second isolator 19 use, Insertion Loss <
1dB, isolation>20dB, input and output standing-wave ratio<1.5；The first coupling detection 12 and second coupling geophone 18 are adopted
Detection chip is coupled with AVAGO company VMMK-3313, chip interior is integrated with the qualitative coupler of level-one and level-one RMS wave detector,
Its input end signal can be checked；The pre-amplifier 13 uses HITTITE company HMC-ALH140, which is one
Money can work in the low-noise amplifier of 24~40GHz；The attenuator 15 uses HITTTIE company HMC939 chip, is one
Money 5BIT numerical-control attenuator, maximum operating frequency 40GHz, the diode 16 is realized using PIN attenuation diode, due to numerical control
Attenuator decaying stepping can reach 1dB, therefore the attenuation range of PIN attenuator is without very big, it is only necessary to reach 3~5dB.
Attenuation diode is the APD2220-000 of SKYWORKS, and device R-I curve responsiveness is preferable, compares and is suitable for attenuator and makes
With；The post-amplifier 17 uses AVAGON company AMMC-6232, is powered using 5V, in 30~32GHz frequency band, exports IP3
About 26dBm；The balanced device 14 uses open-circuit line balanced device, single due to needing balanced relative bandwidth very narrow (2.5%)
Grade is balanced can only about to be provided less than 1dB equilibrium quantity, and design is to consider design 3 level equalisers series connection, final available maximum
Equilibrium quantity is 3dB；Further, the driving unit 1 can use hybrid integration technology, directly be encapsulated using bare die, reduction is posted
Raw parameter bring influences, while to guarantee reliability, final products shell uses Laser seal welding, guarantees air-tightness.
The ALC processing board 2 includes FPGA controller 21 and multichannel converter, and AD converter described in multichannel is for connecing
It receives the input rectified signal and the output rectified signal and is inputted in the FPGA controller 21 after being AD converted, it is described
FPGA controller 21 is by comparing the performance number of the input rectified signal and the output rectified signal and a setting performance number
Size, thus export control voltage with control the attenuation of the attenuator 15 make export rectified signal performance number close to reason
The output power value thought；The performance number for such as exporting rectified signal is greater than setting performance number, then increases by 15 attenuation of attenuator；It is such as defeated
Rectified signal is less than setting performance number out, then reduces 15 attenuation of attenuator, until the power stability of output rectified signal is being wanted
Until in the thresholding asked.
Further, the FPGA controller 21 uses ACTEL A3P125 chip, which uses anti-fuse structures, logic
It can be directly fixed in chip interior, loaded without plug-in storage chip, good confidentiality, high reliablity；The FPGA controller 21
A single-chip microcontroller is also connected with for data processing, single-chip microcontroller uses the 8-bit microprocessor of atmel corp's high-performance low-power-consumption
ATmega16A, the risc instruction set of use, speed is up to arrival 16MIPS 16MHz；Converter uses AD9248, the chip
For 14 high-precision adc chips.
The power amplifier unit 3 is used to receive the through connect signal by the driving unit 1 and carries out power combing output greatly
Power signal (+30dBm~+47dBm).
As shown in figure 3, the coupling unit 4 includes sequentially connected first forward coupler 41, the second forward coupler
42, third coupler 43 and backward coupler 44, first forward coupler 41 are connect with the power amplifier unit 3, are coupled
Degree be 30dB, coupled power be 0~+17dBm, for by before the through connect signal after power amplification to be coupled as the first forward direction output
Signal, the degree of coupling of second forward coupler 42 are 40dB, for by before the through connect signal after power amplification to being coupled as
First forward direction output signal is exported as radio frequency monitoring, and the degree of coupling of the backward coupler 44 is 25dB, is used for, by antenna
Echo reflection signal be coupled as backward after to output signal.
As shown in Fig. 2, the detection unit 5 includes preceding to wave detector 51 and backward wave detector 52, it is respectively used to receive institute
It states the first forward direction output signal and the backward output signal and is exported after carrying out logarithmic detector, shown in Fig. 4, the forward direction inspection
Wave device 51 and the backward wave detector 52 include two-stage logarithm in parallel depending on putting structure, can allow wave detector work most in this way
Good power level range, obtains detection precision that as early as possible can be high, and the forward direction wave detector 51 and backward wave detector 52 use difference
Detecting way, exports video detection signal respectively, and detected signal amplitude is directly proportional to output power.
As shown in figure 5, the radio-frequency input signals power is Pi, decay output power through over-drive unit 1 as Pi- A, then
Amplify output power P by power amplifier unit 3out=Pi-A+B.In above formula, A is 15 attenuation of attenuator, and B is power amplifier gain.Function
The coupled unit 4 of through connect signal for putting the output of unit 3 couples, and is sent to detection unit 5, down coversion is carried out in wave detector, filter
Detection is carried out after wave.If 4 degree of coupling of coupling unit is C, transmission loss D, then the radio-frequency power for entering detection unit 5 is
Pout-C-D。Pout- C-D carries out detection, and generation voltage is VPout-C-DVision signal carries out AD sampling, exports sampled value DPout-C-D,
Then according to DPout-C-DTo PoutCarry out power calculation.There are two types of modes for power calculation, first is that being counted using parsing mathematical formulae
It calculates, theoretically since above-mentioned processing is to meet linear relationship, preferable calculating essence can be obtained using mathematical computations
Degree, another way then use lookup table mode.
When work, address is made using AD sampled value DN, corresponding Pout value is stored in FLASH and carries out processing of tabling look-up.Table
Lattice content can be obtained by calculating, and can also can eliminate that detection unit 5 is non-linear and part in this way by acquisition of actually tabling look-up
Device parameters deviate bring error, obtain good inspection precision.
Power calculation generates Dout (corresponding in current output power value), and digital comparator compares Dout and setting power
Whether Dset is compared, judge Dout within the scope of Dset.
If Dout is more than the Dset upper limit, illustrate that present output power is bigger than normal, needs to increase the decaying decaying of attenuator 15
D_att is measured, then the attenuator control voltage by DA conversion can also be increase accordingly, the attenuation A of attenuator 15 becomes larger, defeated
Power reduces out, until being reduced in setting power bracket.
If Dout is more than Dset lower limit, illustrate that present output power is less than normal, needs to reduce the decaying decaying of attenuator 15
D_att is measured, then the attenuator control voltage by DA conversion also can accordingly reduce, the attenuation A of attenuator 15 reduces, defeated
Power increases out, until increasing in setting power bracket.
As it can be seen that ALC control ring forms a close loop negative feedback control system, when loop Closed loop operation, automatic to lock, D_
Out=D_set, output power are equal to setting power.
When ALC loop fracture, digital comparator break-off, output D_att remains unchanged, and entire link gain is permanent
Fixed, output power depends on input power.
As previously mentioned, ALC uses digital loop mode, the control unit of loop depends on digital signal resolution ratio, especially
It is that the circuit of lowest resolution determines the minimum value of power control stepping.Resolution ratio critical path includes following part:
Power detection resolution ratio
Wave detector logarithm, which regards, puts detection sensitivity as 40mV/dB；
AD uses 12 AD, and significance bit 10, range 2V, can calculate AD detection resolution is 2mV=2V/1024,
Corresponding A D power detection resolution ratio is 0.05dB/ scale=1dB/40mV*2mV.
Adjustable attenuation resolution ratio
Adjustable attenuation resolution ratio is ± 0.05dB/ scale；
Digital loop locks precision
When digital rings work, D_set=D_adc finally can converge to theoretically, otherwise just starting loop adjustment.But
It is that work in this way can require loop very high, easily causes loop oscillation, reliably working cannot be formed, therefore in actual work,
Need to be arranged certain dynamic range, if D_set ± 2 are used as stability range, as D_set-2≤D_adc≤D_set+2, then
Judge that loop stability, digital rings stop.
ALC control control stepping
ALC controls stepping=(loop precision+1) * power detection precision+adjustable attenuation precision.
Loop precision 5, power detection precision 0.05dB/ scale, adjustable attenuation precision 0.024dB/ scale.
Final achievable effective scale is 0.17dB, and guarantee ± 0.1dB is effective.
It is worth noting that, resolution ratio can be changed by minimum scale as user setting D_set, i.e. 0.05dB becomes
Change, instruction is due to controlling precision problem, the value presence ± 0.1dB fuzzy region.
Ignore detailed problem, final output power tabular form are as follows:
Pout=Pbase+D_set×0.05dB±0.1dB
Output power stability
According to Such analysis, after ALC loop-locking, power amplifier output power is with calculated power value D_out substantially at simple
Functional relation is considered by 1 sublinear functions, does not generate big influence to the analysis of output power stability；
D_out=E0+K×(Pout-C-D)
Pout=(D_out-E0)/K+C+D
In above formula, E0, K are detection quantization transform coefficients, and C is the coupler degree of coupling, and D is conversion loss, ALC loop lock
After fixed, D_out=D_set ± 2, i.e. D_out stability range are ± 2, for power swing ± 0.1dB.In addition to this, remaining
The variation of several parameters also results in the variation of output power.Output power can be stated with following formula:
Pout=Pset±0.1+ΔP(C,D,E0,K)；
Pset is default performance number, Δ P (C, D, E0, K) when C, D, E0 and K variation caused by power change values.
It is basic it is considered that Δ P is only the function for being temperature within the time that equipment will not generate obvious aging.
To sum up, in millimeter wave power control circuit provided by the utility model, driving unit, ALC processing board, power amplifier list
First and coupling unit forms a high-gain number degeneration factor by Reverse Turning Control mode, believes by comparing detection is inputted
Number and output rectified signal performance number with one setting performance number size, thus export control voltage to control declining for attenuator
Decrement, in the range of the output power of radiofrequency signal is locked in requirement, simultaneously as digital degeneration factor is a number
Word feedback loop, loop can be disconnected according to the setting of user, i.e., ALC processing board may operate in open loop situations, and output signal can
To be changed with the size linear change of input power.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of millimeter wave power control circuit, it is characterised in that: include:
Driving unit, including sequentially connected first coupling geophone, pre-amplifier, balanced device, attenuator and the second coupling
Wave detector generates input rectified signal in the first coupling geophone described in one radiofrequency signal feed-in, and the radiofrequency signal directly passes through
Cross first coupling geophone and input the pre-amplifier, balanced device, amplify in attenuator, balanced and decaying with
Output rectified signal is generated in second coupling geophone described in feed-in；
ALC processing board, including FPGA controller and converter, the converter for receive the input rectified signal and
The output rectified signal simultaneously inputs in the FPGA controller after being AD converted, and the FPGA controller is by comparing described
Input rectified signal and it is described output rectified signal performance number with one setting performance number size, thus export control voltage with
Control the attenuation of the attenuator；
Power amplifier unit, for receiving the through connect signal by the driving unit and carrying out power amplification；
Coupling unit, including sequentially connected forward coupler and backward coupler, the forward coupler is for putting power
To before being coupled as to output signal before through connect signal after big, the backward coupler carries out antenna echo reflection signal backward
To output signal after being coupled as；
Detection unit, including preceding to wave detector and backward wave detector, be respectively used to receive the forward direction output signal and it is described after
It is exported to output signal and after carrying out logarithmic detector.
2. millimeter wave power control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first coupling geophone is put
Big device, balanced device, attenuator and the second coupling geophone are located between two isolators, and the attenuator and second coupling
It closes and is additionally provided with post-amplifier between wave detector.
3. millimeter wave power control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the detection unit there are two tools
The forward direction wave detector, the degree of coupling of a forward direction wave detector are 40dB, the degree of coupling of another forward direction wave detector
For 30dB.
4. millimeter wave power control circuit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the degree of coupling of the backward wave detector
For 25dB.
5. millimeter wave power control circuit according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the forward direction wave detector and institute
It include two-stage logarithm in parallel to wave detector after stating depending on putting structure.
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| CN201920612535.2U CN209710056U (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | A kind of millimeter wave power control circuit |
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| CN201920612535.2U CN209710056U (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | A kind of millimeter wave power control circuit |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112039519A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Large-dynamic-range high-precision power control method for ultra-wideband millimeter wave signals |
| CN113098548A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 波达通信设备（广州）有限公司 | Transmitting link, transmitting link calibration method, device and digital transceiver |
| CN113391573A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-14 | 中国移动通信集团河北有限公司 | Signal processing circuit |
| CN114124008A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Broadband self-adaptive AGC circuit and assembling method thereof |
| CN114221668A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-22 | 湖南迈克森伟电子科技有限公司 | Adaptive power gain control method and receiver |
| CN116566345A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-08-08 | 石家庄银河微波技术股份有限公司 | Gain control circuit for antenna system and antenna system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113391573A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-14 | 中国移动通信集团河北有限公司 | Signal processing circuit |
| CN113391573B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2023-10-27 | 中国移动通信集团河北有限公司 | signal processing circuit |
| CN112039519A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Large-dynamic-range high-precision power control method for ultra-wideband millimeter wave signals |
| CN113098548A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 波达通信设备（广州）有限公司 | Transmitting link, transmitting link calibration method, device and digital transceiver |
| CN113098548B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-11-29 | 波达通信设备（广州）有限公司 | Transmitting link, transmitting link calibration method, device and digital transceiver |
| CN114124008A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Broadband self-adaptive AGC circuit and assembling method thereof |
| CN114221668A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-22 | 湖南迈克森伟电子科技有限公司 | Adaptive power gain control method and receiver |
| CN114221668B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-02-28 | 湖南迈克森伟电子科技有限公司 | Adaptive power gain control method and receiver |
| CN116566345A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-08-08 | 石家庄银河微波技术股份有限公司 | Gain control circuit for antenna system and antenna system |
| CN116566345B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2024-01-30 | 石家庄银河微波技术股份有限公司 | Gain control circuit for antenna system and antenna system |
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