CN209602678U - A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system - Google Patents

A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209602678U
CN209602678U CN201920091812.XU CN201920091812U CN209602678U CN 209602678 U CN209602678 U CN 209602678U CN 201920091812 U CN201920091812 U CN 201920091812U CN 209602678 U CN209602678 U CN 209602678U
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melt
waste material
broken
homogenizing
compacting
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邓勇军
吴兴江
石教学
张祥
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HUBEI LYUYU ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Co.,Ltd.
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Zhejiang Oasis Environmental Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Abstract

The application provides a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system, belongs to the recovery technology field of artificial filament or the like raw material, waste material or solvent in the fabrication process.Including logical hot type crusher, blanking feed bin, system for compacting, melting screw rod, by-pass filtration, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor and secondary filtration, polyester waste material to be processed, which is collected and injected in logical hot type crusher, carries out that logical heat is broken to form comminuting matter, comminuting matter is transferred in blanking feed bin, material is transferred in system for compacting after the processing of blanking feed bin, the bottom of system for compacting is equipped with melting screw rod, the melt of Screw Extrusion is melted through by-pass filtration, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor, secondary filtration, i.e., is exported as finished product melt.The application is applied to the regeneration of the polyester waste materials such as waste silk, has the characteristics that no pollution, zero-emission, product can be applied to the numerous areas such as long filament, short fibre, sheet material.

Description

A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system
Technical field
This application involves a kind of polyester waste material regenerative systems, belong to artificial filament or the like former material in the fabrication process The recovery technology field of material, waste material or solvent.
Background technique
With the fast development of World Petrochemical Industry industry, synthetic fiber industry is also developed accordingly.PET polyester by In its excellent physics, chemical property and be widely used in the fields such as industrial, civilian, and in all multipurposes of polyester, Polyester is used for the fields such as textile fabric, clothes as the leading raw material of textile.So huge polyester family, is producing Waste material, waste silk, cloth rim charge for generating in process etc. have been the numbers that should not be underestimated, raw from polymerization process to terminal ready-made clothes It produces, full industrial chain industrial waste year yield is more than 4,000,000 tons, and " Polyester " product develops into the big synthesis high score of the first in the world Sub- material.
PET polyester is the linear polymeric material that p-phthalic acid PTA and ethylene glycol EG are formed after esterification, polycondensation, Although PET will not directly cause damages to environment, since there are this rigid radicals of phenyl ring in molecule, and with height Chemical inertness is difficult to degrade under field conditions (factors), is also not easy to be decomposed by the microorganisms.Thus take an examination from environmental behaviour and Ecological Effect Consider, PET waste has become global environmental pollution organic matter, forms " the white dirt to constitute a serious threat to ecological environment Dye ".
As the PET polyester of synthesis high molecular material, a large amount of landfill space can be occupied by directly burying, to water quality and soil It damages；A large amount of carbon dioxide and noxious material can be generated during burning, wherein the waste textile containing chlorine exists The carcinogenic substances such as dioxin can be generated when burning.
Textile industry is closely related with people's lives, and world today's textile industry is faced with two large problems, is on the one hand With the development of world economy and science and technology, the application field of textile is gradually expanded, but its service life is shortening, in addition generation The consumption of the rapid growth of boundary's population, textile increases sharply, cause textile raw material occur it is in short supply, price significantly on It raises.More textile fabric resources will be needed, but polyester belongs to petrochemical industry downstream industry.One of raw material of polyester essence is synthesized to benzene two Formic acid (PTA) is in petroleum.Global Oil resource will be increasingly exhausted, and textile fabric resource will be by great restriction.Separately On the one hand, a large amount of waste textile is but mostly taken as landfill, burns, this not only causes the wasting of resources, but also gives environment Bring crisis.Therefore, the recycling and reusing of PET polyester waste material can not only save vast resources, can also mitigate weaving work The pollution that industry generates environment.The reclaiming of polyester waste material should adhere to two basic principles: firstly, not causing two to environment Secondary pollution；Secondly, commercially viable operation, that is, the balance of cost and product quality.
It can be divided into according to the regeneration techniques development course of waste and old polyester fibre: primary recycles, physical method regenerates, Physical-chemical process and chemical method regenerate three phases.
(1) primary to recycle: mainly polyester waste material is spinned after simple shredding processing and be prepared into filling and Covering material, this method is simple, and equipment investment is limited, and access threshold is low.But due to being only the change of waste material macroscopic form, then Raw product low quality.
(2) physical method regeneration techniques: fiber, process master are melted and are spun into after referring to polyester waste material is cleaned, crushing drying It is related to the variation of polyester macromolecule condensed state structure, has that technical process is simple, at low cost, to be easy to industrialization promotion etc. excellent Point.But that there is Recycling Levels is lower for current physical recovering method, degradation is serious, water resources consumption is big and waste silk bulk density is small The problems such as bring inefficiency.
(3) it physical-chemical process regeneration techniques: after being melted by the polyester waste material that will be recycled, carries out liquid phase or solid phase increases It is viscous, it properly increases molecular weight and extracts volatile lower-molecular substance out.This method is aided with chemical method raising point based on physical method Son amount reduces impurity content, and process relates generally to the variation of macromolecular condensed state.This method can be in the production cost increases little feelings Under condition, effectively promotes the quality of recycled product and realize differential regeneration.And it is high for origin components' complexity, impurity content For the regeneration of polyester waste material (impurity that not can be removed containing dyestuff, auxiliary agent, catalyst etc. especially), relevant melt is quenched Adjusting glutinous technology, control of product quality technical aspect, there is also many insufficient.
Utility model content
In view of this, the application provides a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system, the complicated, impurity content for polyester waste material source It is high, bulk density is small, and at present recycled polyester waste material physical recovering method scheme there are water consume, high energy consumption and efficiency is low, product is used Way low side, the statuses such as chemical recovering method is at high cost, portion of techniques problem is not yet broken through, the technique is not cleaned, drying can be right The full industrial chain waste material of polyester carries out reclaiming, and can prepare differential functional form recycled polyester, and product can be used for spinning regeneration Polyester filament realizes the multiple circular regeneration of recycled polyester product.
Specifically, the application is realized by following scheme:
A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system, including logical hot type crusher, blanking feed bin, system for compacting, melting screw rod, level-one Filtering, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor and secondary filtration, polyester waste material to be processed, which is collected and injected in logical hot type crusher, carries out logical heat It is broken to form comminuting matter, and dehydration and devolatilisation are completed in shattering process；Comminuting matter is transferred in blanking feed bin, blanking Deduster is set at the top of feed bin, and bottom setting hired roughneck and roller, roller are arranged in pairs, and are formed to squeeze to the material fallen thereon and be dragged The effect of dragging, hired roughneck are set to below roller, squeeze roller the material pulled and carry out shredding and crush again, hired roughneck matches with roller Close the compressing blanking certainly completed to material；Material is transferred in system for compacting after the processing of blanking feed bin, and system for compacting includes outer cover And bottom, outer cover are tubular, bottom is located at below outer cover, and bottom and outer cover form compacting chamber, and outer cover is connected with suction system, right Compacting chamber is de-gassed and devolatilisation；It is compacted that cutterhead, compression stationary knife are arranged in chamber and compresses moving knife, cutterhead is in outer cover inner wall On-fixed connection drives its rotation by independent driving, and compression stationary knife, which spirals, to be set on outer cover inner wall, is set towards cutterhead side It is equipped with the knife edge section for cutting, compression moving knife one end is linkage section, and linkage section is fixed on cutterhead, and the other end is rotary-cut section, Rotary-cut section with respect to cutterhead activity be arranged, be provided between the two for accommodates simultaneously rotary-cut material gap, and rotary-cut section with connect Section upper surface is in setting of highly successively decreasing, it is ensured that compression compact effect when material is rotated with cutterhead；Bottom setting heating air enters Mouthful, the heated air intake of heating air enters, and realizes the heat supply to compacting chamber；The bottom of system for compacting is equipped with melting screw rod, Melting screw rod includes feed screw section, screw sleeve, compression melt zone and homogenizing flash zone, feed screw section, compression melt zone It is sequentially connected with homogenizing flash zone, screw sleeve is installed between compression melt zone and homogenizing flash zone, screw sleeve and compression It is set with restrictor ring between melt zone end, compression ratio 3-30, for melt pressure in 10MPa or more, system for compacting is defeated at restrictor ring Material out is sent into compression melt zone through feed screw section, and the melt of formation is in by the slit between restrictor ring and screw sleeve Film-form enters homogenizing flash zone, and homogenizing flash zone is provided with suction system, and forms the vacuum of 50-5000Pa in the position； The melt for melting Screw Extrusion is completed to filter through by-pass filtration, is sent into homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor through pipeline, is homogenized viscosity-increasing reactor It is provided with suction system, entrance is connected to by-pass filtration and auxiliary tank, and the material after by-pass filtration is completed to solve in advance in the duct After poly-, it is homogenized thickening in homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor, homogenized viscosity-increasing reactor is output to secondary filtration, and secondary filtration finishes, Exported as finished product melt.
It in above-mentioned polyester waste material regenerative process, is crushed and is crushed using logical hot type, completed in broken process de- for the first time Suction system is arranged in closely knit mechanism in water, devolatilisation, realizes the secondary of waste material with cutterhead, compression moving knife, compression stationary knife cooperation Broken and compression, and the frictional heat generation cooperation removing all surfaces water, the most low boiling points that heat air intake and material have Machine impurity and the broken dust generated, complete second degassing, devolatilization；Screw rod is melted under the vacuum action of homogenizing flash zone It completes third time to aspirate, in this section of pressure abrupt release flashing effect, remaining part higher boiling in melt occur for melt film Organic impurities occurs to gasify and taken away by vacuum pick-up system rapidly；Last time suction then occurs in homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor In, the small molecule that elimination reaction generates and the uniformity for promoting product viscosity, the design of overall technical architecture is using four degassings Devolatilization removes organic impurities, double-filtration removes the mechanical admixture in product, and water must be relied on by solving in traditional mode of production mode Miscellaneous drawback is removed, great lot of water resources is saved and avoids serious pollution of the random sewage effluent to environment, with 50,000 tons/year Production rate, can be about 200,000 tons/year of emission reduction sewage.This programme single machine production capacity is big, and specific energy consumption is only traditional foam material production The 80% of energy consumption；In waste material process, the mechanical admixture and all kinds of organic impurities being effectively stripped of in raw material, regenrated slice Level of the spinnability close to primary slice, alternative primary polyester slice are widely used in long filament, short fine, Nonwovens of spunbond It etc. various fields, solves traditional foam material recovery process since product viscosity is unstable, impurity content is high, can be only applied to low Hold the defect in short fine field.
On the basis of above scheme, we study logical hot type crusher, and determine more be preferable to provide it is as follows: The logical hot type crusher includes completing broken processing chamber and push plate, swing arm and crushing cutter in processing chamber, processing Pump orifice is arranged in top of chamber, and heating medium inlet is arranged in bottom, and feed inlet is located at processing chamber top, and treating material is through feed inlet Into processing chamber, independent driving is arranged in swing arm, which drives push plate to move reciprocatingly through swing arm, will enter the object of processing chamber Discharge port is arranged in material push-in crushing cutter, crushing cutter bottom, crushes the material finished and is sent into blanking feed bin through discharge port.More preferably , the heat medium that the heating medium inlet is passed through is the dry air that temperature is 100-150 DEG C；In the cavity wall of the processing chamber Connecting rod is installed, the other end of connecting rod is connect with push plate, is then connect with swing arm in the middle part of connecting rod, and driving drives swing arm to swing or stretch When movement, push plate is driven to swing through connecting rod, connecting rod one end is fixed with processing chamber cavity wall, and the other end is connect with push rod, and and push rod Bascule is constituted together, improves the stability of push plate campaign；The crushing cutter includes cutter hub, broken stationary knife, strainer and breaks Broken moving knife, broken moving knife are mounted on cutter hub outer wall, and strainer packet is set to outside cutter hub, and broken stationary knife has two rows, is respectively arranged at filter The outer edge for netting both ends is located at broken stationary knife above cutter hub, is crushed stationary knife and the broken of fiber is realized in the cooperation of broken moving knife；Institute It states and is additionally provided with baffle in processing chamber, baffle is located at below push plate, and the processing by extending to crushing cutter opposite side below crushing cutter It at cavity wall, avoids push plate that waste silk is brought into material leakage phenomenon caused in push plate when returning, reduces cleaning work, meanwhile, In In entire shattering process, material is not had and is taken back by push plate, its working efficiency is improved；Above-mentioned heated type crusher solves biography The small problem of system crusher single machine yield, single machine yield improves 3-4 times, can reach 3 ton/hours, soft especially for fiber etc. Property material characteristics design crushing cutter have the characteristics that antiwind, the present apparatus is pre-processed, and large-scale lumps, useless fiber, give up cloth Wait the full industrial chain of polyester, all form waste materials；Heated type is crushed the confession that motor spindle setting heating medium inlet carries out heated dry air Enter, material is preheated (near such as 120 DEG C), remove moisture and part low boiling point organic impurities, pump orifice is arranged in top, takes out Suction inlet is connected to suction system, is improved devolatilization efficiency and is collected the broken dust generated.
On the basis of above scheme, we have done further research to blanking feed bin, and do and be preferably provided with as follows: described Blanking feed bin includes warehouse, conical bottom and feeder pipe, pan feeding at the top of warehouse, and deduster, dedusting is arranged in the warehouse below pan feeding Device picks out manifold trunk outward；Screw rod and conveyor screw are sent on it is furthermore preferred that setting gradually below the hired roughneck, screw rod is sent on and is located at In conical bottom, and it is arranged with hired roughneck in horizontal cross, conveyor screw is located in feeder pipe.
On the basis of above scheme, we have done further research to system for compacting, and do and be preferably provided with as follows: described Being compacted moving knife includes that extruded segment is additionally provided between linkage section and rotary-cut section, and compacting moving knife is connect by linkage section with cutterhead, is revolved Dissection is connect by extruded segment with linkage section, and extruded segment and the distance between rotary-cut section and cutterhead are incremented by；Compacting stationary knife also wraps Fixed section and changeover portion are included, fixed section side is fixed on the system for compacting inner wall above cutterhead, and the other side passes through changeover portion The knife edge section of thickness-tapered is extended to form to compacting moving knife direction.The program is formed by system for compacting cooperation cutterhead bottom-heated Air intake constitutes spiral fashion and preheats the compression compact mechanism of action, (as fixed in being compacted by high-speed rotating cutterhead and diversion member Knife, compacting moving knife etc.) by the progress second-time breakage such as polyester waste material fed from feed bin and compression, bulk density is by 200kg/m3It mentions Rise to 600kg/m3, powder feeding efficiency is greatly improved；Temperature of charge is preheated to 180 DEG C of left sides by the frictional heat that cutterhead high speed rotation generates The right side, cutterhead bottom setting heating air intake, top are arranged suction system, improve the devolatilization power of system, remove all surfaces Water and most low boiling point organic impurities, and collect the broken dust generated.It is furthermore preferred that the cutterhead rotational frequency is 10.0-50.0Hz；Heat 80-120 DEG C of air themperature that air intake enters.
On the basis of above scheme, we have done further research to homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor, and do and preferably set as follows Set: the homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor includes autoclave body and blender, and autoclave body bottom is provided with reactor inlet and reactor outlet, Reactor inlet and reactor outlet separation autoclave body both ends, and reactor inlet is connected to by-pass filtration, feeds by-pass filtration Melt, reactor outlet are connected to secondary filtration, and the melt after thickening is exported；It is provided at the top of autoclave body and vacuumizes interface, It vacuumizing interface and is connected to vacuum pick-up system, it is ensured that vacuum degree is 50-150Pa (preferably 100-130Pa) in autoclave body, in this way, Part small molecular weight impurity can constantly be removed with the evaporation of ethylene glycol (EG), and the viscosity of recycled polyester product is promoted, and impurity Content is reduced, and is vacuumized interface and is picked out branch pipe, branch pipe and depolymerizing agent entrance are connected, and depolymerizing agent entrance is linked into by-pass filtration and one On pipeline between grade filtering, converged using the EG of recycling as depolymerizing agent by branch pipe and pure/fresh depolymerizing agent, by-pass filtration Micro alcoholysis can be realized in recycled polyester melt in the duct, improves the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of polyester fondant；Blender In autoclave body, both ends pass through shaft respectively and are connected with stirring motor, and several groups Dropbox, each net are provided in blender Disk is arranged in the mode of being parallel to each other, and grid, the cross-shaped state of grid of adjacent two panels Dropbox, to improve stirring are distributed in Dropbox Efficiency；The fixation autoclave body that rotatable blender and bottom are provided with reactor inlet cooperates, melt under the dynamic of stirring at Film, surface is constantly updated, then cooperates the vacuum pick-up system for vacuumizing interface, and small molecular weight impurity can be with ethylene glycol (EG) Evaporation constantly removes, and the melt viscosity in autoclave body is promoted, and impurity content is reduced, and multiple groups Dropbox has been arranged in parallel in blender, The cross-shaped state of grid in adjacent two panels Dropbox improves Surface Renewal efficiency when stirring, it can be achieved that recycled polyester melt Back-mixing, improve the uniformity of materials quality.
The by-pass filtration includes that cavity, plunger, hydraulic cylinder, closing slide valve and heating plate, heating plate are set to outside cavity On wall, plunger at one end is packed into cavity, and the position bar of the other end and hydraulic cylinder connects, melt inlet is arranged on cavity and melt goes out Mouthful, it is connected between melt inlet and melt outlet with melt canal, melt canal penetrates through cavity setting, the melt inlet and molten Strainer group is set between body channel, and slide valve is closed in setting on the cavity of inlet side, is closed on slide valve and is provided with backwash mouth, instead Rinse mouth is connected to form backwash channel with the cavity of plunger, is arranged pressure sensor in strainer group, pressure sensor with it is hydraulic Cylinder and closing slide valve are separately connected, to realize the transmitting of pressure signal.Under normal circumstances, melt enters melt flow from melt inlet Road, after being filtered by strainer group, normal melt filtration and supply work are completed in the melt outlet outflow through the cavity other end Make；With the progress of filtering, the impurity in strainer group is built up, and melt pressure rises with it, when pressure sensor detects When melt pressure reaches setting value, pressure sensor issues the signal, and position bar drives plunger outward mobile, and plunger institute is right Entrance one end of the components such as the strainer group answered and melt flow channel disconnects, and backwashes runner then and corresponding to melt outlet one end Melt flow channel is connected, and the sub-fraction melt in the melt flow channel of melt outlet one end is flow backwards, miscellaneous in strainer group by accumulating in Matter is taken out of, and when the pressure in strainer group is lower than setting value, which starts to move backward and reset under the action of hydraulic cylinder, Continue normal melt filtration and conveying.Primary automatic cleaning strainer process is thereby realized, realizes cleaning strainer Purpose, backwash efficiency is high, and production is avoided to pause, and Increasing Production and Energy Saving saves production cost；Draping frequency is greatly reduced, avoids frequently Draping.
The secondary filtration includes lower cover plate, filter core and upper cover plate, and melt inlet is arranged in lower cover plate side wall, and top setting is more A diffluence pass being connected to melt inlet；Filter core is made of filter stick, filter medium and skeleton, is provided on filter stick outer wall multiple small Hole, and middle part is then provided with melt canal, aperture is communicated with melt canal, and melt canal lower end is started from close to filter stick bottom Cartridge top is run through in place, upper end, and filter medium packet is set on filter stick, and skeleton is then set up on filter medium；Filter core is installed on Between cover board and lower cover plate, outer cylinder is set with outside filter core；Melt outlet is provided on upper cover plate, the melt outlet and melt canal It communicates；Melt enters through melt inlet, enters melt canal through skeleton, filter medium and aperture again after diffluence pass, through melt Entire filtering is completed in outlet outflow.
Due to polyester waste material source complexity, containing impurity such as moisture, catalyst, spinning oil, textile auxiliaries, and there is heap The features such as product density is small, easily winds, bridge formation, and domestic Reclaim of PET Scrap 95% uses physical method process route, and polyester is useless It is granulated after material cleaning, drying and generates foam material, enter back into next procedure.In our process route, early period gathers collection Ester waste material is not cleaned, dry, is fed with open cutting mode, the material of collection is first placed in logical hot type crusher In, material is heated during crushing, with dehumidifying, devolatility substance, then through blanking feed bin under compression type The water conservancy diversion compression compact of material, system for compacting, crushing material to suitable length are sent into melting screw rod, complete high pressure in melting screw rod After contracting is than melting and being homogenized flash distillation, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor is sent into through by-pass filtration and is homogenized and viscosifies, after completion is quenched again It can be used as finished product melt through two filterings, finished product melt carries out Cast Strip pelletizing and forms slice, or is sent directly into fused mass directly spinning System carries out spinning, compared with traditional mode of production mode, shortens pretreatment procedure, no great lot of water resources consumption and energy consumption. Compared with international most advanced level, which is doubled, and energy consumption of unit product reduces by 20%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the application；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for leading to hot type crusher in the application；
Fig. 3 is the side schematic view of crushing cutter in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of blanking feed bin in the application；
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of blanking feed bin in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of system for compacting in the application；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of cutterhead part in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is the compression melting section structure schematic diagram that screw rod is melted in the application；
Fig. 9 is the homogenizing flash zone structural schematic diagram that screw rod is melted in the application；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of by-pass filtration in the application；
Figure 11 is the top view of by-pass filtration in the application；
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of secondary filtration in the application；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of filter core in the application；
Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram for being homogenized viscosity-increasing reactor；
Figure 15 is regenrated slice and common slice shear viscosity vs shear rate relation curve at 280 DEG C；
Figure 16 is regenrated slice and common slice shear viscosity vs shear rate relation curve at 285 DEG C；
Figure 17 is regenrated slice and common slice shear viscosity vs shear rate relation curve at 290 DEG C；
Figure 18 is that recycled polyester is sliced and conventional polyester is sliced non-newtonian index under different shear rate with temperature Variation；
Figure 19 is regenrated slice, common slice and hybrid slicing (the two mass ratio 1:1) shear stress pair at 290 DEG C Numerical value vs shear rate logarithm relation curve；
Figure 20 is that the recycled polyester after crystallizing and drying is sliced DSC curve；
Figure 21 is the TGA figure of recycled polyester slice.
Figure label: 1. logical hot type crushers；11. feed inlet；12. push plate；121. connecting rod；13. swing arm；14. crushing cutter； 141. cutter hub；142. broken stationary knifes；143. strainer；144. broken moving knife；15. baffle；151. open-work；16. heating medium inlet； 17. pump orifice；171. suction systems one；18. discharge port；2. blanking feed bin；21. warehouse；211. side opening；22. conical bottom； 23. feeder pipe；24. top cover；25. manifold trunk；251. deduster；Between 252. dedustings；26. roller；27. hired roughneck；28. sending on spiral shell Bar；29. conveyor screw；3. system for compacting；31. being compacted moving knife；311. linkage section；312. extruded segment；313. rotary-cut sections；32. pressure Real stationary knife；321. fixed section；322. changeover portion；323. knife edge sections；324. stationary knife pedestals；33. cutterhead；34. bottom；35. inclined-plane； 36. positioning disk；37. outer cover；371. suction systems two；4. screw sleeve；41. compressing melt zone；42. being homogenized flash zone；421. Suction system three；43. restrictor ring；5. by-pass filtration；51. cavity；511. melt inlets one；512. melt canal；513. strainer Group；514. melt outlets one；52. plunger；53. hydraulic cylinder；531. position bars；54. closing slide valve；541. backwash mouths；55. adding Hot plate；56. pipeline；6. secondary filtration；61. lower cover plate；611. melt inlets two；612. diffluence pass；62. fin；63. filter core； 631. filter stick；632. filter medium；633. skeleton；634. melt canal；64. upper cover plate；641. melt outlets two；7. homogenizing increases Viscous reactor；71. blender；711. stirring motor；712. shaft；72. Dropbox；73. autoclave body；74. reactor inlet；75. taking out Vacuum interface；751. branch pipe；752. suction systems four；753. recycling can；76. reactor outlet；8. auxiliary tank.
Specific embodiment
A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system of present case, in conjunction with Fig. 1, the regenerative system of polyester waste material includes logical hot type crusher 1, blanking feed bin 2, system for compacting 3, melting screw rod 4, by-pass filtration 5, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7, secondary filtration 6 and auxiliary tank 8, Polyester waste material is collected, is injected into logical hot type crusher 1 and carries out that logical heat is broken, and logical hot type crusher 1 is connected with suction system One 171, polyester waste material completes the de- water/gas and devolatilisation of first time during being crushed in logical hot type crusher 1；It crushes Material, which is transferred in blanking feed bin 2, to carry out then being transferred to progress water conservancy diversion compression compact, compacting machine in system for compacting 3 from compressing blanking Structure 3 is connected with suction system 2 371, and system for compacting 3 cooperates second during the suction system 2 371 realization compression compact De- water/gas and devolatilisation, compaction of the material, which is transferred to again in melting screw rod 4, carries out current limliting segmentation melting, and melting screw rod 4 is provided with pumping Desorption system 3 421, suction system 3 421 cooperate melting process to be sucked by vacuum and realize homogenizing flash distillation, obtained melt warp After crossing by-pass filtration 5, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7 is sent by pipeline 56, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7 is provided with suction system 4 752, The small molecule that suction system 4 752 is formed during viscosifying carries out being vacuum-drawn against recycling can 753, and recycling can 753 picks out again Branch pipe 751 by the EG recycled on a small quantity together with the depolymerizing agent of auxiliary tank 8 in flow in pipes 56, and is sent to homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7 The quenched thickening of back-mixing formula is realized in middle progress depolymerization, and after completing homogenizing thickening, melt can be used as finished product melt through secondary filtration 6 and throw Enter to use.
In above process, in conjunction with Fig. 5, deduster 251 is set, hired roughneck 27 and roller is arranged in bottom at the top of blanking feed bin 2 26, roller 26 is arranged in pairs, and is formed to the material fallen thereon and is squeezed drag interaction, and hired roughneck 27 is set to 26 lower section of roller, right Roller 26 squeezes the material pulled and carries out shredding and crush again, and hired roughneck 27 and the cooperation of roller 26 are completed to material under oppressing Material；Material is transferred in system for compacting 3 after the processing of blanking feed bin 2, and in conjunction with Fig. 6, system for compacting 3 includes outer cover 37 and bottom 34, Outer cover 37 is tubular, and bottom 34 is located at 37 lower section of outer cover, and bottom 34 and outer cover 37 form compacting chamber, and outer cover 37 is connected with suction system It unites 2 371 (suction units such as conventional blower can be used), compacting chamber is de-gassed and devolatilisation；It is arranged in compacting chamber There are cutterhead 33, compression stationary knife 32 and compression moving knife 31, cutterhead 33 is connect with the inner wall of outer cover 37 in on-fixed, by independently driving (not illustrating in figure, motor etc. can be used as its driving) drives its rotation, and compression stationary knife 32, which spirals, is set to 37 inner wall of outer cover On, the knife edge section 323 towards the setting of 33 side of cutterhead for cutting, compression 31 one end of moving knife is linkage section 311, linkage section 311 are fixed on cutterhead 33, and the other end is rotary-cut section 313, and rotary-cut section 313 is with respect to 33 activity setting of cutterhead, rotary-cut section 313 and knife The gap for accommodating simultaneously rotary-cut material is provided between disk 33, and rotary-cut section 313 is successively decreased to 311 upper surface of linkage section in height Setting, it is ensured that compression compact when material is rotated with cutterhead 33 acts on；The setting of bottom 34 heating air intake (not shown), It heats the heated air intake of air to enter, realizes the heat supply to compacting chamber；3 bottom of system for compacting divides into melting screw rod 4, in conjunction with Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, melting screw rod include feed screw section (not shown), screw sleeve 4, compression melt zone 41 and homogenizing flash distillation Section 42, feed screw section, compression melt zone 41 and homogenizing flash zone 42 are sequentially connected with, 41 end of screw sleeve 4 and compression melt zone Restrictor ring 43 is set between end, compression 41 compression ratio of melt zone is 3-30, and melt pressure is in 10MPa or more, pressure at restrictor ring 43 The material that real machine structure 3 exports is sent into compression melt zone through feed screw section, and the melt of formation is by restrictor ring 43 and screw sleeve 4 Between slit in film-form enter homogenizing flash zone 42, homogenizing flash zone 42 be provided with suction system 3 421, suction system three 421 make homogenizing 42 vacuum degree 50-5000Pa of flash zone, and (subject to specific view material situation, materials quality is uniform, then vacuum degree is selected It selects within the scope of 50-800Pa；Materials quality is poor, then vacuum degree selection is advisable in 2000-5000Pa)；Melting extrusion Melt is completed to filter for the first time through by-pass filtration 5, is sent into homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7 through pipeline 56, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7 is arranged There is suction system 4 752, the entrance of homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7 is connected to by-pass filtration 5 and auxiliary tank 8, the object after by-pass filtration 5 After material completes pre- depolymerization in pipeline 56, it is homogenized thickening in homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7, homogenized viscosity-increasing reactor 7 is output to Secondary filtration 6 is completed second at secondary filtration 6 and is filtered, and can be used as the output of finished product melt.
In above-mentioned polyester waste material regenerative process, it is crushed, suction system one 171 cooperation shattering process broken using logical hot type Dehydration, devolatilisation for the first time are completed, suction system 2 371 and cutterhead 33, compression moving knife 31, the compression cooperation of stationary knife 32 are realized useless The second-time breakage and compression of material, and heat frictional heat generation cooperation removing all surfaces water, the overwhelming majority of air intake and material Low boiling point organic impurities and the broken dust generated, complete second degassing, devolatilization；The cooperation melting of suction system 3 421 It is homogenized under the vacuum action of flash zone 42 and completes third time suction, in this section of pressure abrupt release flash distillation effect occurs for melt film It answers, remaining part higher boiling organic impurities occurs to gasify and taken away by vacuum pick-up system rapidly in melt；Last time is taken out It inhales and then occurs in homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7, the small molecule that 4 752 elimination reaction of suction system generates simultaneously promotes product viscosity Uniformity, the design of overall technical architecture is using the machine in four degassing devolatilization removal organic impurities, double-filtration removal product Tool impurity solves the drawbacks of washed with impurities must be relied in traditional mode of production mode.
Specific to hot broken process is led to, in shattering process, we have adhered to, and " power consumption is small, processing capacity is strong, particle Distribution of lengths is narrow, does not melt in shattering process " principle researched and developed.Therefore, it in leading to hot broken process, uses Logical hot type crusher, which is realized, to be crushed, and in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, structure includes completing broken processing chamber and being located in processing chamber Push plate 12, swing arm 13 and crushing cutter 14, pump orifice 17 is set at the top of processing chamber, pump orifice 17 is connect with suction system 1, Heating medium inlet 16 is arranged in processing chamber bottom, and feed inlet 11 is located at processing chamber top, and treating material enters through feed inlet 11 Independent driving (not shown) is arranged in processing chamber, swing arm 13, which drives push plate 12 to move reciprocatingly through swing arm 13, will Material into processing chamber is pushed into crushing cutter 14, and 14 bottom of crushing cutter is arranged discharge port 18, crushes the material finished through discharge port 18 are sent into blanking feed bin 2.
On the basis of above scheme, set crushing cutter 14 includes cutter hub 141, broken stationary knife 142, strainer 143 and breaks Broken moving knife 144, broken moving knife 144 are mounted on 141 outer wall of cutter hub, and the packet of strainer 143 is set to outside cutter hub 141, and broken stationary knife 142 has Two rows are respectively arranged at the outer edge at 143 both ends of strainer, and broken stationary knife 142 is made to be located at 141 top of cutter hub, be crushed stationary knife 142 and The broken of fiber is realized in the broken cooperation of moving knife 144.Strainer 413 has sieve pore (being not marked in figure), by using different-diameter Sieve pore can reach the length of control cutting particle；Meanwhile the strainer 143 of this sieve pore structure also avoids particle easy entanglement and exists Problem on crushing cutter.
The present embodiment is applied to the broken of the waste materials such as waste silk, is provided with detector at feed inlet 11, when detecting this When place has waste silk to enter, mechanical arm 13 starts, and push plate 12 is driven to do counter-clockwise swing along swing arm 13, will be useless at feed inlet 11 Between the cutter hub 141 and strainer 143 of silk push-in crushing cutter 14, crushing cutter 14 starts automatically, and cutter hub 141 starts turning, and waste silk is fallen When on cutter hub 141, since cutter hub 141 is in rotary state, and broken stationary knife 142 is stationary state, and fiber is transported in cutter groove Row, under the rubbing action of broken stationary knife 142 and broken moving knife 144, the waste materials such as waste silk are broken and form broken section, as the broken segment length When degree is less than 10cm, it is more suitable to be melted, then leaks out through strainer 143 for these broken section, and lower together through the feeding of discharge port 18 Process；When broken segment length is greater than 10cm, these broken section is still recycled between broken stationary knife 142 and cutter hub 141, until broken section Length, which is less than 10cm, can just be sent into subsequent processing.
Hot wind is passed to by means of heating medium inlet 16 in the bottom of the broken link of logical heat, logical hot type crusher 1, heating is situated between The heat medium that matter entrance 16 is passed through is the heated dry air that temperature is 100-150 DEG C, so that in the steam, finish in polyester waste material Volatile matter realization removes for the first time.Meanwhile the top of logical hot type crusher 1 being cooperated to be provided with pump orifice 17, it is easy to volatile matter Dust collection is reentered recovery system after suction exhaust gas filtering by detachment system.
The open semi-surrounding structure feeding-passage of the logical hot type crusher 1 makes the efficiency of separate unit crusher be doubled More than, when breaker roll revolving speed 60rpm, particle length≤10cm, yield reaches 3-4t/h, and rated power is only 132kw, crushing energy Consumption drops to 16.5kwh/t by 56kwh/t；In process of production, we pass to 120 DEG C of hot-air, can make in polyester waste material Object removing 10% or so that moisture, finish are volatilizable.Meanwhile the structure has expanded the range of raw material, it can be achieved that relatively soft waste silk, Such as DTY waste silk, polyester disused cloth raw material are crushed, and broken material size Control is within 10cm.
Baffle 15 is additionally provided in processing chamber as a preferred embodiment of the above solution, baffle 15 is located at 12 lower section of push plate, and by breaking It is extended to below broken knife 14 at the processing cavity wall of 14 opposite side of crushing cutter, baffle 15 is arc-shaped structure, upper end and feed inlet 11 Contour, lower end is then located on the outer casing inner wall of 12 lower section of push plate, in the baffle 15 the case where not influencing 12 normal feed of push plate Under, it avoids push plate 12 from bringing the waste materials such as civilian silk waste silk in push plate 12 into when returning, has both avoided material leakage phenomenon, reduce fettler Make, meanwhile, in entire shattering process, material is not had and is taken back by push plate 12, its working efficiency is improved.It meanwhile being not shadow Heating is rung, open-work 151 is additionally provided on baffle 15, facilitates passing through for heated dry air.
Polyester waste silks density is small, hydrophobicity is strong, easy to produce static electricity, and waste silk is fluffy, carries large quantity of air secretly, and the group of being easy Around, build bridge, common feed bin by the way of gravity automatic blanking, easily build bridge by particle section, can not unobstructed blanking.In order to improve life Producing line efficiency, it is therefore desirable to intermediate bunker is designed to store the particle being crushed, i.e., oppresses blanking procedure certainly in this programme, it should Process is carried out using the blanking feed bin 2 of the structure as shown in 4, Fig. 5 from compressing blanking, which includes warehouse 21, conical bottom 22 and feeder pipe 23, warehouse 21 is square column structure, and conical bottom 22 is connected to 21 lower part of warehouse, feeder pipe 23 then with conical bottom 22 connections；Upper opening is set at the top of warehouse 21, top cover 24 is installed in activity at upper opening, is opened top cover 24 and is carried out pan feeding, in warehouse 21 If deduster 251, deduster 251 picks out manifold trunk 25 outward.
Wherein, upper opening is respectively formed antetheca, rear wall, left wall and right wall by extending downwardly at the top of warehouse 21, antetheca, rear wall On two dedusters 251 are respectively set, steam, the volatilizable object in dust and clast and waste material are aspirated, passed through It discharges, does not pollute the environment after the processes such as filter, electrostatic oil removing, and effectively reduce PET dust and enter in screw rod, cause product The decline of quality, and antetheca and rear wall respectively to two sides extend and warehouse 21 formed two dedustings between 252, between two dedustings 252 are connected to by manifold trunk 25, and in the present embodiment, what deduster 251 was all made of is column dust settling pocket, between deduster 251, dedusting 252 and manifold trunk 25 constitute dedusting mechanism；Warehouse 21 and 22 junction of conical bottom, which are horizontally disposed with, several rollers 26, roller 26 Multiple groups hired roughneck 27 is arranged in lower section；The position that feeder pipe 23 is connect with conical bottom 22, which is provided with, sends on screw rod 28, sends on 28 water of screw rod It is flat to be set in conical bottom 22, and be arranged with hired roughneck 27 in horizontal cross, conveyor screw 29 is located in feeder pipe 23, sends on screw rod 28 points are two sections, and two sections to send on screw flight contrary, send on that 28 lower section of screw rod is vertically-mounted conveyor screw 29, and are transmitted The starting point of screw rod 29 is located at two sections of underfaces for sending on screw rod；Two sections to send on screw flight contrary, and hired roughneck 27 is opened Waste silk after pine is squeezed toward centre, and two sections of places sent among screw rod 28 are vertically arranged with conveyor screw 29, the conveyor screw 29 Waste silk is squeezed down, is completed from compressing blanking process.
The present embodiment is applied to the storage of broken waste silk, leads to the waste materials such as the broken waste silk of hot broken process and is sent through upper opening After entering, top cover 24 at upper opening, at this point, broken broken section of waste silk is fallen on the roller 26 in warehouse 21, in roller 26 Rolling under, adjacent roller 26 to broken section of fiber squeeze and preliminary regular dispersion after, these are by the fibre that tentatively disperses It ties up broken section to fall into again in hired roughneck 27, in the case where hired roughneck 27 acts on, after broken section of fiber carries out shredding again and smashes, falls and sending on spiral shell In bar 28, the revolving speed for sending on screw rod 28 is about 30r/min, and the rotation for sending on screw rod 28 drives material helical feed, further Fiber is homogenized in advance, after broken section of fiber from after sending on and fallen down on screw rod 28, is directly fallen in conveyor screw 29, In It is homogenized again under the rotation of conveyor screw 29, it is as completely uniform without dust when fiber is exported from feeder pipe 23 Formation state, broken section of the fiber of the state can be sent directly into twin-screw extruder melt element carry out melting can form spinnability Good improving uniformity of melt.
For further degassing dehydration, water conservancy diversion compression compact process is additionally provided with from after oppressing blanking procedure, water conservancy diversion compression is close It is completed in tangible system for compacting 3, specifically, system for compacting 3 includes outer cover 37, cutterhead 33, compacting moving knife 31 and compacting stationary knife 32, outer cover 37 is hollow columnar structures, and it is inclined-plane between bottom 34 and cutterhead 33 that cutterhead 33, which is horizontally installed to 34 top of bottom, 35, compacting moving knife 31 is mounted on cutterhead 33 in the shape of a spiral by positioning disk 36；It is compacted the linkage section 311 and rotary-cut section of moving knife 31 Extruded segment 312 is additionally provided between 313, compacting moving knife 31 is connect by linkage section 311 with cutterhead 33, and rotary-cut section 313 is by squeezing Pressure section 312 is connect with linkage section 311, and extruded segment 312 and the distance between rotary-cut section 313 and cutterhead 33 are incremented by；It is compacted stationary knife 32 further include having fixed section 321 and changeover portion 322, and 321 side of fixed section is fixed on 37 inner wall of outer cover of 33 top of cutterhead, separately Side extends to form the knife edge section 323 of thickness-tapered by changeover portion 322 to compacting 31 direction of moving knife.The program is formed by pressure Real machine structure 3 cooperates 33 bottom-heated air intake (not shown) of cutterhead to constitute the spiral fashion preheating compression compact mechanism of action, Being fed from blanking feed bin 2 by high-speed rotating cutterhead 33 and diversion member (such as compacting stationary knife 32, compacting moving knife 31 etc.) Polyester waste material etc. carries out second-time breakage and compression, and bulk density is by 200kg/m3It is promoted to 600kg/m3, charging effect is greatly improved Rate, the horizontal distance d between compacting stationary knife 32, compacting moving knife 31 are not less than 10mm；It, can also be by above scheme in setting up procedure In compacting stationary knife 32, compacting moving knife 31 does and is preferably provided with as follows: compacting 31 one end of moving knife (i.e. linkage section 311) and the company of cutterhead 33 It connects, the other end (i.e. whole rotary-cut sections 313 and partial extruded segment 312) is not contacted with cutterhead 33；Compacting moving knife 31 passes through company It connects section 311 to connect with positioning disk 36 and cutterhead 33, rotary-cut section 313 is connect by extruded segment 312 with linkage section 311, and extruded segment 312 and the distance between rotary-cut section 313 and cutterhead 33 be incremented by, and make rotary-cut section 313 upper surface be higher than extruded segment 312 upper table Face.
In compacting process, waste material to be processed is imported into the compacting chamber in outer cover 37, starting device, waste material will be with cutterhead 33 Rotation and rotate, in rotary course, longer waste material such as long filament, fragment can under the influence of centrifugal force with setting of spiraling It is compacted stationary knife 32 to contact, knife edge section 323 directly streaks these waste materials, and is chopped off, so that the size of these waste materials is increasingly Small, what is met the requirements is known as broken section, these broken section of high speed rotation on cutterhead 33, in the prominent rotary-cut section 313 on cutterhead 33 Under the action of while further cut off, broken section produces with cutterhead 33 and broken section with 312 phase mutual friction of extruded segment with broken section, broken section Heat amount, as the temperature rises, broken section of upper remaining moisture and finish are evaporated；Meanwhile under the effect of interior pressure, broken section It is uniformly distributed on cutterhead 33, waste silk is progressively compacted, and upper layer charging does not influence the compacting of lower layer's waste silk, therefore feeds and press Real process can carry out simultaneously, and the waste silk after compacting send to extrusion molten screw rod through the screw rod of bottom and melted, and entrance is subsequent Treatment process.
In use, compacting stationary knife 31 is preferably arranged using elevating screw shape clockwise, compacting stationary knife 31 and compacting Horizontal distance d between moving knife 32 is not less than 10mm, and waste material can be made to carry out rotation along the direction of compacting moving knife 32 to be pressed Contracting, meanwhile, for the hard solid such as polyester waste material block, it can hit and then be crushed with stationary knife in rotation；Wherein knife edge section 323 For stress is most, most easily worn stage, service life is shorter, and fixed section 321 is used as fixed mechanism, and abrasion is relatively most It is small, therefore in the application, preferably knife edge section 323 and changeover portion 322 are an integral structure, and changeover portion 322 and fixed section 321 It can be an integral structure, can also be split type structure, it, can be directly by knife edge section when knife edge section 323 occurs wearing or when fracture 323 remove with changeover portion 322, and the knife edge section 323 more renewed, replacement is convenient, practical；And moving knife 31 is compacted using winged The structure of wing formula, one end are fixed on cutterhead 33 by positioning disk 36, and the other end is then gradually separated with cutterhead 33, broken in acceleration Section mixing speed while improve its kinetic energy, is also beneficial to the progress of plasticizing.
33 rotational frequency of cutterhead is preferably 10.0-50.0Hz, drives particle high speed rotation, particle and compacting by cutterhead 33 It interacts between stationary knife 31, compacting moving knife 32, realizes the compacting process of particle.Meanwhile 33 bottom of cutterhead setting heating air enters Mouthful, suction system 2 371 is arranged in outer cover 37, improves the devolatilization power of system, removes all surfaces water and most low boiling points Organic impurities, and collect the broken dust generated of compacting；80-120 DEG C of air themperature for heating air intake entrance, and cutterhead 33 It drives in waste material high-speed rotation, due to frictional heat generation, along with 33 bottom of cutterhead can pass to thermal medium heat tracing, waste material temperature Control is between 100 DEG C -180 DEG C, and reaching as high as 200 DEG C, (temperature also includes the tribute of frictional heat generation in addition to thermal medium is contributed Offer), volatilizable further removing in the moisture and finish carried secretly in waste silk.
The revolving speed of above-mentioned system for compacting 3 can reach 400-500 and turn/min, and bulk density is by 200kg/m3It improves to 600kg/ m3, 30 ton/days of production capacity, feeding efficiency promotes 80%, can be by the volatilizable object removing 10% or so of moisture, finish in waste silk.
It is segmented melting process specific to current limliting, by the change of the extrusion molten realization polyester waste material state of screw rod, and Screw extruding melting process also realizes degassing, devolatilization effect, while reducing degradation as far as possible.Present case uses segmented screw rod knot Structure, material is fed and is conveyed by feeding section, while being gradually compacted, therefore the screw channel width of screw thread constantly changes.
The compression ratio of screw thread is sufficiently large, guarantees that material is sufficiently closely knit, state needed for reaching melting, while improving feeding Efficiency.Under normal conditions the either broken flaky material of particle be easy to deform on surface upon compression and and machine tube inner wall It fits together, therefore is also easier to compress；And powder body material is since sliding property is bigger, in the compression melting time and It can be lagged than particle or flaky material on position.Simultaneously because the voidage of polyester waste material is big, material density is smaller, in object A large amount of air can be remained in material, and Solid Bed has been isolated.The feeding section of screw rod is designed using high compression ratio in this project.
In conjunction with Fig. 8, compresses melt zone 41 and mainly sufficiently melt melt/resin compound that feeding section conveying in upstream comes And preliminary hybrid working is carried out, while setting up pressure.Heat needed for polyester waste material melting is set by the heating of screw rod itself Standby and frictional heat provides.The diameter of screw rod is 165mm, and total slenderness ratio 40, compression ratio 3.5, frictional heat is in entirely melting institute Need the large percentage accounted in energy；Simultaneously because needing to carry out resin preliminary dispersion and distributive mixing, the molten of low-viscosity is crossed Body is detrimental to the progress of both mixed processes, the resin especially to differ greatly in the two kinds or more of melt viscosities of mixing In the case where, excessively high melt temperature will be unfavorable for heat transmitting and heat dissipation inside melt, therefore using lower in this project The temperature of temperature control, compression melt zone 41 substantially remains in 264-282 DEG C, while maintaining the state (compression ratio of high compression ratio Control is in 3-30), the case where avoiding the occurrence of " including not melt waste silk in superheated melt ".
It is homogenized the design (compression ratio is controlled in 1-2) that flash zone 42 uses low compression ratio, compresses melt zone 41 by making The abrupt release when pressure set up enters homogenizing flash zone 42, cooperation are homogenized the suction system three being arranged at flash zone 42 421, promote part volatile substances " flash distillation " and removes.
Meanwhile in order to reduce the degradation in screw extruding melting process, our optimization designs technological parameter passes through reduction Melt extruded temperature and reduction shearing etc. modes realize, feeding section: 24.0Hz；The revolving speed 56rpm of melt zone 41 is compressed, temperature is squeezed Degree: 282 DEG C -275 DEG C -273 DEG C -272 DEG C -264 DEG C -295 DEG C -243 DEG C -245 DEG C -247 DEG C -246 DEG C -230 DEG C.
On the basis of the above, present case devises restrictor ring 43 between compression melt zone 41 and homogenizing flash zone 42, limits The spacing for flowing ring 43 and screw sleeve 4 is minimum (≤5mm), on the one hand, compression melt zone 41 can be made to set up higher pressure, In It is homogenized 42 abrupt release of flash zone, part high boiling substance can flash and leave system.On the other hand, recycled polyester melt is with thin Membranaceous by restrictor ring 43, specific surface area is larger, the Transient transformation of pressure between screw compression melt zone 41 and homogenizing flash zone 42, The substances such as the volatilizable object of moisture, finish, ethylene glycol in recycled polyester melt are detached from from system, then true by vacuum pumping Sky, the small-molecule substance carried secretly in melt are evaporated from bath surface and are extracted from melt system, can remove polyester Most of organic impurities in melt.
In existing primary art polyester polymerizations, filtering usually is set before polymer polymerizing reacts completion or next procedure Device, conventional recycled polyester filter is usually to be filtered using sieve, although this filter type largely gets on In addition to impurity and gel particles, but due to the defect of its own structure, filtering accuracy can not be improved further, for partial size compared with Small impurity and gel particles then cannot achieve filtering and prevent, while can not conveniently realize online replacement, influence to give birth to Produce process continuity；In addition impurity content is high in polyester waste material, the impurity in recycled polyester melt is on the one hand removed as far as possible, On the other hand, to reduce because in filter process elevated pressures due to bring melt viscosity drop.In the filter progress of present case, mistake Filter is used using combination filtering, i.e. by-pass filtration 5 and secondary filtration 6, the coarse filtration structure of 5 Figure 10-11 of by-pass filtration, coarse filtration 4 column back-flushing filters, can be switched online, and filtering accuracy is 30-60 μm；Front and back end is provided with pressure sensing in coarse filtration Device realizes automatic recoil filtering when pressure reaches setting value；Secondary filtration 6 uses the smart filter structure such as Figure 12,13, Essence filtering uses candle wick formula filter, and strainer uses sintered metal net, and filtering accuracy is that 20 μm, every 30 hours or pressure reach 60 Kilogram when switched online.Content of ashes≤0.15% in recycled polyester slice, agglutination particle content≤6/mg polyester reach To can spinning filament level.
By-pass filtration 5, secondary filtration 6 are respectively arranged at before and after the quenched thickening process of back-mixing formula, and polyester waste material is passing through spiral shell Degradation can be inevitably generated during bar extrusion molten, in order to improve the viscosity of recycled polyester, can further be removed useless The small molecules such as the finish in silk, homogenize recycled polyester melt quality, enlarged reproduction product purposes, the quenched thickening process of back-mixing formula exists It is carried out in homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor 7, carries out homogenizing increasing stick after waste silk extrusion molten, in conjunction with Figure 14, be homogenized viscosity-increasing reactor 7 and wrap Autoclave body 73 and blender 71 are included, 73 bottom of autoclave body is provided with reactor inlet 74 and reactor outlet 76, reactor inlet 74 Live apart 73 both ends of autoclave body with reactor outlet 76, and reactor inlet 74 is connected by pipeline 56 and by-pass filtration 5, the pipeline 56 On be also connected with auxiliary tank 8, to carry out the addition of depolymerizing agent according to material situation, reactor outlet 76 is connected to secondary filtration 6, By the melt output after homogenizing thickening；It is provided at the top of autoclave body 73 and vacuumizes interface 75, vacuumized interface 75 and be connected to suction system Unite 4 752 (realization such as vacuum machine, blower can be used), it is ensured that vacuum degree is 50-150Pa (preferably 100- in autoclave body 73 130Pa), in this way, part small molecular weight impurity can be constantly removed in recycling can 753 with the evaporation of ethylene glycol (EG), regeneration is poly- The viscosity of ester product is promoted, and impurity content is reduced, and is vacuumized interface 75 and is picked out branch pipe 751, branch pipe 751 also connects with pipeline 56 It is logical, the EG recycled in recycling can 753 depolymerizing agent filled into auxiliary tank 8 etc. is sent to by-pass filtration 5 together and is entered with reactor In pipeline 56 between mouth 74, micro alcoholysis is can be realized in recycled polyester melt in pipeline 56, improves the molecule of polyester fondant Amount and molecular weight distribution；Blender 71 is located in autoclave body 73, and both ends pass through shaft 712 respectively and connect with stirring motor 711, stirs It mixes and is provided with several groups Dropbox 72 in device 71, each Dropbox 72 is arranged in the mode of being parallel to each other, and grid is distributed in Dropbox 72 (in figure Do not show, the mesh of cell structure can be used), the cross-shaped state of grid of adjacent two panels Dropbox 72, to improve stirring efficiency；It can The fixation autoclave body 73 that the blender 71 of rotation and bottom are provided with reactor inlet 74 cooperates, and melt forms a film under stirring dynamic, Its surface is constantly updated, then cooperates suction system 4 752, and small molecular weight impurity can constantly be removed with the evaporation of ethylene glycol (EG), Melt viscosity in autoclave body 73 is promoted, and impurity content is reduced, and multiple groups Dropbox 72 has been arranged in parallel in blender 71, adjacent two panels The cross-shaped state of grid in Dropbox 72, improve Surface Renewal efficiency when stirring, it can be achieved that recycled polyester melt back-mixing, Improve the uniformity of materials quality；Wherein, by parameters such as optimization reaction temperature, vacuum degrees, reach final melt index Scope of design is specifically provided that the Liquid level of reactor inlet 74 11.1%, 280.4 DEG C of temperature；Locating for blender 71 The liquid level of section is 70-80%, 71 revolving speed 4.0RPM of blender；Pressure 136.0Pa in autoclave body 73,280-282 DEG C of temperature；Reactor Exporting the liquid level at 76 is 20-30%, pressure 120-130Pa.Homogenizing thickening after melt characteristic viscosity fluctuation range≤ 0.025dl/g, B value < 10, moisture≤50ppm, diethylene glycol content≤1.2%.
The melt that above scheme regenerates is detected, quality index ginseng is shown in Table 1.
The quality index summary sheet of the regeneration melt of table 1
We cast the regenrated slice that forging slice is formed to above-mentioned regeneration melt and test, and carry out pair with common slice Than shear viscosity as shown in the figure/shear rate curve figure (280 DEG C, 285 DEG C, 290 DEG C) being obtained, referring specifically to Figure 15 (280 At DEG C), Figure 16 (at 285 DEG C), shown in Figure 17 (at 290 DEG C).From in Figure 15-17 it is found that polyester in the molten state, it is apparent The characteristics of viscosity reduces with the increase of shear rate, shows shear thinning.According to the classification of non-newtonian fluid, having should The polyester fondant of feature is known as pseudoplastic fluid.Shear thinning is due to intending netted tangled structure by shearing force by invertibity Caused by destruction.When shear rate increases, occurred conformation changes polyester macromolecule under the action of shear force, and solution occurs and twines It ties and is orientated along flow direction.With the increase of shear rate, the breakdown speed of tangled structure is with regard to increasing in its formation Speed, therefore apparent viscosity is not constant, but is reduced with the increase of shear rate.
From the point of view of the slope of different temperatures lower curve, 290 DEG C of curve " drop " is maximum, this drop with temperature raising And it is gradually reduced.This phenomenon shows the raising with melt temperature, influence of the variation of shear rate to melt apparent viscosity Declining.Meanwhile with the increase of temperature, the apparent viscosity of recycled polyester is molten with conventional polyester with the variation tendency of shear rate Body reaches unanimity.
Figure 18 is that recycled polyester is sliced and conventional polyester is sliced non-newtonian index under different shear rate with temperature Change curve, the range of shear rate are 200-12000s-1.As can be seen from Figure 18, melt at low shear rates non- Newton index is greater than the non-newtonian index under high-rate of shear, and value of the index under a certain shearing condition is also non-constant, But increase as the temperature rises.Meanwhile the variation tendency of recycled polyester is consistent with the variation tendency of conventional polyester.
Figure 19 is regenrated slice, common slice and hybrid slicing (the two mass ratio 1:1) shear stress pair at 290 DEG C Numerical value vs shear rate logarithm relation curve.As can be seen from Figure 19, the shear stress of conventional polyester slice and shear speed The relationship of rate is bordering on straight line, though the increase of the non-newtonian index shear rate of regenrated slice, changes greatly；It is final obtained molten Body viscosity is between 0.65-0.80dl/g.
From Figure 20,21 as it can be seen that the fusing point of recycled polyester is 258 DEG C, decomposition temperature when thermal weight loss 95% is 397.4 DEG C, Preferable quality index is reached.
Applicant also summarizes cost, energy consumption, physical index, the purposes of recycling etc., as a result referring to table 2 It is shown.
The cost table of comparisons of the different recovery methods of table 2
Raw material range is wide, high degree of automation, high production efficiency, low energy consumption, whole process is realized with can be used for this project No pollution, zero-emission, recycled polyester stay in grade.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system, it is characterised in that: including leading to hot type crusher, blanking feed bin, system for compacting, melting Screw rod, by-pass filtration, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor, secondary filtration and auxiliary tank, polyester waste material to be processed are collected and inject logical hot type Logical hot be crushed is carried out in crusher and forms comminuting matter, and comminuting matter is transferred in blanking feed bin, and dedusting is arranged at the top of blanking feed bin Device, bottom setting hired roughneck and roller, roller are arranged in pairs, and hired roughneck is set to below roller；Material is transferred to compacting through blanking feed bin In mechanism, system for compacting includes outer cover and bottom, and outer cover is tubular, and bottom is located at below outer cover, and bottom and outer cover are formed and be compacted Chamber；It is compacted that cutterhead, compression stationary knife and compression moving knife are arranged in chamber, cutterhead is connect with outer cover inner wall in on-fixed, by independently driving Its rotation is driven, compression stationary knife, which spirals, to be set on outer cover inner wall, and knife edge section is arranged towards cutterhead side, compresses moving knife one end For linkage section, linkage section is fixed on cutterhead, and the other end is rotary-cut section, and rotary-cut section is arranged with respect to cutterhead activity, sets between the two It is equipped with the gap for accommodating simultaneously rotary-cut material, and rotary-cut section and linkage section upper surface are in setting of highly successively decreasing；Bottom setting adds Hot air inlet；The bottom of system for compacting is equipped with melting screw rod, and melting screw rod includes feed screw section, screw sleeve, compresses and melt Melt section and homogenizing flash zone, feed screw section, compression melt zone and homogenizing flash zone are sequentially connected with, and screw sleeve is installed on compression Between melt zone and homogenizing flash zone, restrictor ring, homogenizing flash zone setting are set between screw sleeve and compression melt zone end There is suction system；The melt of Screw Extrusion is melted after by-pass filtration, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor is sent by pipeline, homogenizing thickening is anti- Answer device to be provided with suction system, suction system is provided with branch pipe, homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor entrance and by-pass filtration, auxiliary tank and Branch pipe connection；The outlet of homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor is connected to secondary filtration, is disposed through secondary filtration, i.e., defeated as finished product melt Out.
2. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the logical hot type crusher includes Broken processing chamber and push plate, swing arm and crushing cutter in processing chamber are completed, pump orifice, suction are set at the top of processing chamber Mouth is connected with suction system one；Heating medium inlet is arranged in processing chamber bottom, and feed inlet is located at processing chamber top, treating material Enter processing chamber through feed inlet, independent driving is arranged in swing arm, which drives push plate to move reciprocatingly through swing arm, will enter place The material for managing chamber is pushed into crushing cutter, and discharge port is arranged in crushing cutter bottom, crushes the material finished and is sent into blanking feed bin through discharge port.
3. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: be additionally provided in the processing chamber Baffle, baffle are located at below push plate, and the processing cavity wall by extending to crushing cutter opposite side below crushing cutter.
4. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the crushing cutter include cutter hub, Broken stationary knife, strainer and broken moving knife, broken moving knife are mounted on cutter hub outer wall, and strainer packet is set to outside cutter hub, and broken stationary knife has Two rows are respectively arranged at the outer edge at strainer both ends, are located at broken stationary knife above cutter hub, and broken stationary knife is matched with broken moving knife It closes and realizes the broken of fiber.
5. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: pacify in the cavity wall of the processing chamber Equipped with connecting rod, the other end of connecting rod is connect with push plate, is then connect with swing arm in the middle part of connecting rod, and driving drives swing arm to swing or stretch fortune When dynamic, drive push plate to swing through connecting rod, connecting rod one end is fixed with processing chamber cavity wall, and the other end is connect with push rod, and with push rod one It rises and constitutes bascule.
6. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the blanking feed bin includes storehouse Deduster is arranged in the warehouse below pan feeding in body, conical bottom and feeder pipe, pan feeding at the top of warehouse, and deduster picks out outward to be collected Pipe.
7. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: set gradually below the hired roughneck Screw rod and conveyor screw are sent on, screw rod is sent on and is located in conical bottom, and is arranged with hired roughneck in horizontal cross, under conveyor screw is located at In expects pipe.
8. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the system for compacting, outer cover It is connected with suction system.
9. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the by-pass filtration includes chamber Body, plunger, hydraulic cylinder, closing slide valve and heating plate, heating plate are set on chamber outer wall, and plunger at one end is packed into cavity, another End is connect with the position bar of hydraulic cylinder, and melt inlet and melt outlet are arranged on cavity, and melt inlet and melting screw outlet connect Logical, melt outlet is connected at homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor by pipeline, is connected between melt inlet and melt outlet with melt canal, Melt canal penetrates through cavity setting, and strainer group is arranged between the melt inlet and melt canal, sets on the cavity of inlet side Closing slide valve is set, closes on slide valve and is provided with backwash mouth, backwash mouth is connected to form backwash channel, filter with the cavity of plunger Pressure sensor is set in net group, and pressure sensor is separately connected with hydraulic cylinder and closing slide valve, to realize the biography of pressure signal It passs.
10. a kind of polyester waste material regenerative system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the homogenizing viscosity-increasing reactor Including autoclave body and blender, autoclave body bottom is provided with reactor inlet and reactor outlet, reactor inlet goes out with reactor Mouth separation autoclave body both ends, and reactor inlet is connected to by-pass filtration, reactor outlet is connected to secondary filtration；At the top of autoclave body It is provided with and vacuumizes interface, vacuumize interface and connect with suction system, suction system picks out branch pipe, and branch pipe and pipeline are connected；It stirs It mixes device to be located in autoclave body, and is connected with stirring motor, several groups Dropbox is provided in blender, each Dropbox is in be parallel to each other Mode is arranged, and grid, the cross-shaped state of grid of adjacent two panels Dropbox are distributed in Dropbox.
CN201920091812.XU 2019-01-21 2019-01-21 A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system Active CN209602678U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109652872A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-19 浙江绿宇环保股份有限公司 A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109652872A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-19 浙江绿宇环保股份有限公司 A kind of polyester waste material regenerative system
CN109652872B (en) * 2019-01-21 2024-01-26 湖北绿宇环保有限公司 Polyester waste regeneration system

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