CN209537659U - A kind of circulation electrolysis unit - Google Patents

A kind of circulation electrolysis unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209537659U
CN209537659U CN201822130945.1U CN201822130945U CN209537659U CN 209537659 U CN209537659 U CN 209537659U CN 201822130945 U CN201822130945 U CN 201822130945U CN 209537659 U CN209537659 U CN 209537659U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
slot
circulation
electrolytic cell
tube
electrolyte
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201822130945.1U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
俞道明
王军
张广学
刘红为
陈文辉
张财
刘长东
林志坚
车贤�
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Jilin Zijin Copper Co Ltd
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Jilin Zijin Copper Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201822130945.1U priority Critical patent/CN209537659U/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of circulation electrolysis unit, belongs to metal smelt technical field.The device includes that electrolyte circulating slot, the heater connecting with electrolyte circulating slot, the head tank connecting with heater, the liquid separation slot connecting with head tank, and the electrolytic cell connecting with liquid separation slot, the electrolytic cell connect to form circulation loop with electrolysis cycle slot;The electrolytic cell includes being placed in several intracorporal cathode plates of slot, anode plate, and the horizontal circulation liquid feed device of groove body bottom is arranged in;The horizontal circulation liquid feed device by inlet tube and U-shaped woven hose group at.The electrolyte of the utility model passes through horizontal circulation liquid feed device, from two middle side part of electrolytic cell, lower corner regions feed liquor, two kinds of annularly flows are formed between electrolytic cell yin, yang pole plate, slot electrolyte inside motion guide can effectively eliminate circulation dead zone, local concentration polarization is avoided, realizes that high-purity cathode product produces under high current density.

Description

A kind of circulation electrolysis unit
Technical field
The utility model belongs to metal smelt technical field, and in particular to a kind of circulation electrolysis unit.
Background technique
Aqueous solution electrolysis technique in electrolytic process, is placed on anode and cathode in the groove body that electrolyte slowly flows, Under the action of electric field, anion is to anode displacement, and cation is to cathode displacement, by controlling certain technology item Part, metal target cation obtains electrolytic deposition in cathode and is precipitated, to obtain high-purity electrolytic production.
Metal abides by Faraday's law during aqueous solution electrolysis, and by taking copper as an example, electrolysis amount of precipitation can use following formula It indicates:
mCu=1.1852iAt
In formula: mCu: the copper mass (g) of precipitation, i: current density (A/m2), A: cathodal closing area (m2), t: when energization Between (s).
By above formula, in the case where energization area is constant, only it is improved to improve tough cathode yield within the unit time Current density.
In production practice, when current density is higher, biggish circulation rate should be used, to reduce concentration polarization.But It is that circulation rate is too fast, and the earth of positive pole can be made not easily settled, and the loss of noble metal is caused to increase, also results in cathode matter sometimes Measure deterioration and plate face largely long particle.Under high current density, electrolyte concentration polarization phenomenon is more serious, it is therefore desirable to choose and close Suitable endless form.
Currently, the endless form mainly used has following several in aqueous solution electrolysis metallurgical production:
The first, upper intake lower outlet type circulation, electrolyte is directly entered the top of electrolytic cell from electrolytic cell one end, in electrolytic cell The other end is equipped with water bag (or water outlet partition), and the electrolyte of electrolytic cell lower part is exported.
Second, bottom in and top out formula circulation, electrolyte imports electricity from the inlet tube (or in water inlet partition) of electrolytic cell one end The lower part for solving slot, flows from bottom to top in slot, overflows from electrolytic cell other end top overflow pipe.
The third, central bottom tube aperture feed liquor circulation, overflow efflux at both ends.
4th kind, parallel jet electrolysis process (Chinese patent CN2068512U), from electrolytic cell side after electrolyte is pressurized Face bottom liquid inlet, overflow efflux at both ends.
5th kind, top feed liquor two-way parallel flow electrolysis process (Chinese patent CN104831319A), electrolyte is from electrolysis Two sides while feed liquor at the top of slot groove body, and take the circulation feed liquor mode of upper entering and lower leaving.
Above-mentioned several endless form can have following technical disadvantages in aqueous solution electrolysis metallurgical production:
1) the first above-mentioned endless form.In the electrolytic cell of upper entering and lower leaving, the floating earth of positive pole is contrary with feed liquor, no Outside easy removal slot.In addition, feed liquor mode is that feed liquor is concentrated in electrolytic cell one end, and partial electrolysis liquid mass transfer and heat-transfer effect are poor, in slot Bottom easily crystallizes, and ion concentration dilution is serious, is unfavorable for the significantly promotion of current density.
2) above-mentioned second of endless form, in the electrolytic cell of bottom in and top out, feed liquor mode be electrolytic cell one end concentrate into Phenomena such as liquid equally exists electrolyte dispersion unevenness, is unfavorable for mass transfer and heat transfer, is unfavorable for the significantly promotion of current density.
3) the third above-mentioned endless form, electrolyte feed liquor direction is substantially and pole plate is vertical.On the one hand, two sides and bottom There is circulation dead zone in portion, solution composition is unevenly distributed, and local depletion is serious, easily causes cathodic polarization unbalance and anodic passivity, shadow Ring quality control.On the other hand, in use process, feed liquor aperture needs stringent alignment cathode plate face, but because a variety of causes causes Bottom tube deformation (such as falling anode scrap) perhaps installation site it is improper occur feed liquor aperture blow-through anode plate or disorderly blow phenomenon, cause Electrolytic cell liquid stream disorder, influences quality control.
4) above-mentioned 4th kind of endless form, power consumption is big, investment is high, and a whole set of circulatory system component is more, mostly uses Stainless steel material.And easily there is blocking, damage in injection apparatus, high failure rate, maintenance cost is high and additional increased heavy workload.
5) above-mentioned 5th kind of endless form includes shortcoming in 4).And this patent is using upper entering and lower leaving principle, Equally existing the floating earth of positive pole in 1), to be not easy slot inner cathode lower area electrocrystallization under removal slot is outer and high current density poor etc. Problem is unfavorable for cathode product quality control.
Utility model content
Purpose of the utility model is to solve existing electrolysis unit solution to be unevenly distributed, floats the earth of positive pole is not easy Problem outside removal slot, and a kind of circulation electrolysis unit is provided.
The utility model provides a kind of circulation electrolysis unit, which includes electrolyte circulating slot and electrolyte circulating slot The heater of connection, the head tank being connect with heater, the liquid separation slot being connect with head tank, and the electrolysis being connect with liquid separation slot Slot, the electrolytic cell connect to form circulation loop with electrolysis cycle slot.
The electrolytic cell includes being placed in several intracorporal cathode plates of slot, anode plate, and the water of groove body bottom is arranged in Flat ring stream liquid feed device.
The horizontal circulation liquid feed device is by inlet tube and U-shaped woven hose group at the U-shaped perfusion tube includes centre Perfusion tube and two sides perfusion tube, inlet tube connects with intermediate perfusion tube, and the end of two sides perfusion tube is equipped with the second tee tube and the Three tee tubes;Second tee tube and third tee tube is staggered, and second tee tube and third tee tube The centre of groove body bottom is set.
Preferably, the electrolyte circulating slot is connect by circulating pump with heater.
Preferably, the electrolytic cell two sides are equipped with overflow port.
Preferably, the overflow port of the electrolytic cell two sides is connect by pipeline with electrolysis cycle slot.
Preferably, the inlet tube is vertically set among intermediate perfusion tube by the first tee tube.
Preferably, the intermediate perfusion tube and two sides perfusion tube junction are equipped with elbow.
Preferably, orientation partition is equipped in second tee tube and third tee tube.
Preferably, the distance >=200mm of second tee tube and third tee tube in a lateral direction.
Preferably, fixed rubber base is respectively equipped on the two sides perfusion tube.
The beneficial effects of the utility model
1, the device of the utility model does not design immediately below pole plate, no because inlet design is at two middle side part base angles The phenomenon that will appear to pole plate blow-through not will lead to pole plate Anodic mud and occur random falling off or the earth of positive pole being hindered freely to sink Drop.
2, the device of the utility model is because design exit caliber is greatly, it can be achieved that big flow, sun of the low flow velocity feed liquor to slot bottom Mud disturbance in pole is smaller.
3, the device of the utility model is because using middle part feed liquor mode, and electrolytic cell electrolyte inside forms annularly flow, without dead Angular zone, electrolyte composition is uniform, stablizes, and produces the available further promotion of current density, and capacity benefit is promoted.
4, utility model device structure member is few, process flow is simple and direct, and investment cost is low and easily operated.
5, the utility model electrolysis unit can be improved current density to 350~400A/ ㎡ (by taking cupric electrolysis as an example), relatively pass The current density of system technique 280A/ ㎡ improves 40% or more, so as to greatly improve production capacity.
6, a kind of circulation electrolysis unit of the utility model can be applied in cupric electrolysis, zinc electrolysis, lead electrolysis, tin electrolysis In equal aqueous solution electrolysises metallurgical technology, have a wide range of application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of circulation electrolysis unit structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of horizontal circulation liquid feed device in a kind of circulation electrolysis unit of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the side view of horizontal circulation liquid feed device in a kind of circulation electrolysis unit of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the top view of electrolytic cell in a kind of circulation electrolysis unit of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the side view of electrolytic cell in a kind of circulation electrolysis unit of the utility model;
Fig. 6 is electrolyte facade movement locus schematic diagram in a kind of circulation electrolysis process of the utility model;
Fig. 7 is that cathode product surface electrolyte motion profile and crystallization are precipitated in a kind of circulation electrolysis process of the utility model Status diagram;
Fig. 8 is electrolytic cell upper surface electrolyte movement status diagram in a kind of circulation electrolysis process of the utility model;
Fig. 9 is a kind of circulation electrolysis process flow chart of the utility model.
In figure, 1, electrolyte circulating slot, 2, circulating pump, 3, heater, 4, head tank, 5, liquid separation slot, 6, electrolytic cell feed liquor Pipe, 7, electrolytic cell, 8, rubber hose, 9, horizontal circulation liquid feed device, 91, intermediate perfusion tube, the 92, first tee tube, 93, curved Head, 94, two sides perfusion tube, the 95, second tee tube, 96, third tee tube, 97, orientation partition, 98, fixed rubber base, 99, into Liquid pipe, 10, cathode plate, 11, anode plate, 12, overflow port, 13, supernatant liquid bath, 14, pit slot.
Specific embodiment
The utility model provides a kind of circulation electrolysis unit first, as shown in Figure 1, the device include electrolyte circulating slot 1, The circulating pump 2 that is connect with electrolyte circulating slot 1, the heater 3 being connect with circulating pump 2, the head tank 4 being connect with heater 3, with The liquid separation slot 5 that head tank 4 connects, and the electrolytic cell 7 connecting with liquid separation slot 5, the liquid feeding end of the electrolytic cell 7 pass through electrolytic cell Inlet tube 6 is connect with liquid separation slot 5, and 7 two sides of electrolytic cell are symmetrically arranged with overflow port 12, and the overflow port 12 passes through pipeline and electrolysis Circulating slot 1 is connected to, and the electrolytic cell 7 and the connection of electrolysis cycle slot 1 form circulation loop.
As illustrated in figures 4-5, the electrolytic cell 7 includes being placed in several intracorporal cathode plates 10 of slot, anode plate 11, and set Set the horizontal circulation liquid feed device 9 in groove body bottom;The cathode plate 10 and the setting of the interval of anode plate 11,7 bottom of electrolytic cell It is equipped with rubber hose 8 with side wall, rubber hose 8 is in the top of horizontal circulation liquid feed device 9;The rubber hose 8 is for connecting Connect electrolytic cell inlet tube 6 and horizontal circulation liquid feed device 9.
As shown in Figure 2,3, the horizontal circulation liquid feed device 9 by inlet tube 99 and U-shaped woven hose group at;The U Property perfusion tube include intermediate perfusion tube 91 and two sides perfusion tube 94, inlet tube 99 is vertically set on centre by the first tee tube 92 Among perfusion tube 91, for changing electrolyte flow direction, guarantee that electrolyte is flowed into from electrolytic cell two sides, intermediate perfusion tube 91 and two sides 94 junction of perfusion tube is equipped with elbow 93, and the end of two sides perfusion tube 94 is equipped with the second tee tube 95 and third tee tube 96;Institute The second tee tube 95 and third tee tube 96 stated are staggered, and second tee tube and third tee tube is arranged in slot The intermediate region of body bottom, makes electrolyte achieve the purpose that annularly flow, preferred second tee tube 95 and the three or three Siphunculus 96 distance >=20mm in a lateral direction, more preferably 20mm;Second tee tube 95 and third tee tube 96 It is interior be equipped with orientation partition 97, orientation partition 97 effect be realize electrolyte uniformly, direction splitter.
Fixed rubber base 98, the work of the fixation rubber base 98 are respectively equipped on two sides perfusion tube 94 described in present embodiment With being fixed in electrolytic cell 7 for the horizontal circulation liquid feed device 9, the fixed form of the horizontal circulation liquid feed device 9 It is without being limited thereto, it can also be fixed on 7 bottom of electrolytic cell using inserted, there are fixations to connect by 7 prefabrication process of electrolytic cell It mouthful realizes.
Device described in present embodiment further includes supernatant liquid bath 13 and ground pit slot 14, the supernatant liquid bath 13 and melt pit Slot 14 be it is generally in the art, be not particularly limited, after electrolysis cycle process, electrolyte in ground pit slot 13 passes through filters pressing Supernatant liquid bath 13 is returned to after machine purification, the electrolyte in supernatant liquid bath 13 returns in electrolysis cycle slot 1 after filtering.
A kind of circulation electrolysis process of the utility model, as shown in figure 9, the technique includes:
Electrolyte in electrolyte circulating slot is heated by heater, is then delivered in head tank, from head tank into Enter to liquid separation slot, then enter in electrolytic cell from liquid separation slot, electrolyte enters horizontal circulation feed flow by the liquid feeding end of electrolytic cell In the inlet tube of device, electrolyte is transported to two sides perfusion tube by the first tee tube by inlet tube, then passes through the second threeway Four outlets of pipe and third tee tube are from two middle side part of electrolytic cell, lower corner regions feed liquor, and electrolyte is in two middle side parts in vertical Direction moves upwards, and electrolyte is tilted upward to move in pole plate two sides in reversed intersection, forms annular flow between yin, yang pole plate Dynamic, for each inlet flow in 35~120L/mincell, flow velocity is 0.088~0.235m/scell, is participated in Electrolyte after cell reaction flows out from the overflow port of electrolytic cell two sides, enters back into and carry out next follow in electrolysis cycle slot Ring.
As shown in figs 6-8, Fig. 6 is the movement of electrolyte facade to the motion profile of the electrolyte of the utility model in a cell Electrolyte movement track regions, are divided into the intermediate area a and the area two side areas b and the area c by track schematic diagram, and the cathode in Fig. 7 produces Product surface electrolyte motion profile and crystallization precipitation state schematic diagram, it is the analysis of the area a monolithic plate face two sides metal that wherein a figure is corresponding Lines schematic diagram out, b scheme the corresponding area b monolithic plate face two sides metal and lines schematic diagram are precipitated, and c schemes the corresponding area c monolithic plate face Lines schematic diagram is precipitated in two sides metal, and a1 figure is the area a, electrolyte movement direction, monolithic plate face two sides, and b1 figure is the area b monolithic plate face Two sides electrolyte movement direction, c1 figure are the area c, electrolyte movement direction, monolithic plate face two sides, from Fig. 6 and 7 as can be seen that electrolysis After liquid enters electrolytic cell from outlet, the area a electrolyte is moved upwards in vertical direction, close two area head region b of electrolytic cell and the area c, Electrolyte is tilted upward to move in pole plate two sides in reversed intersection, and under convective mass transfer effect, new liquid is supplemented between pole plate, dense Difference polarization is eliminated, and solution concentration inside increases, concentration and solution concentration inside deviation in electrode surface liquid layer Increase, diffusion mass transfer speed increases.
As shown in figure 8, movement locus schematic diagram of the slot electrolyte inside in upper surface, in electrolytic process, electrolytic cell two sides Electrolyte can form circulatory motion during moving upwards between pole plate, and migration transmitting material concentration increases, electromigration speed Accelerate.
Entire electrolyte movement guiding meets electrode principle in the technique of the utility model, and being from mass transfer in liquid phase principle can Capable, it can effectively solve the problem that concentration polarization problem in electrolytic cell, electrolytic cell is able to achieve big flow, low flow velocity feed liquor, supplements newly Under the concentration come in is lower, the lower electrolyte of temperature pushes, the temperature difference and concentration difference are generated with electrolyte original in slot, forms nature Convection current.Because electrolytic process Anodic surface metal ion concentration it is higher, than great, anode surface electrolyte, which has, to be moved downward Trend.Electrolyte can be flowed along cathode surface from bottom to top near cathode plate face two sides, and it is dense can quickly to improve electrolyte Degree accelerates convective mass transfer.Due to feed liquor Position Design, bottom of electrolytic tank dead zone concentration polarization can be effectively eliminated, so that slot Bottom temperature, concentration are unified, are conducive to orient mass transfer.
By taking cupric electrolysis as an example, current density reaches 350~400A/ ㎡, and the current density compared with traditional handicraft 280A/ ㎡ improves 40% or more, so as to greatly improving production capacity.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description, And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit, which includes electrolyte circulating slot, the heater connecting with electrolyte circulating slot and adds The head tank of hot device connection, the liquid separation slot being connect with head tank, and the electrolytic cell being connect with liquid separation slot, the electrolytic cell and electricity Solution circulating slot connects to form circulation loop;It is characterized in that, the electrolytic cell include be placed in several intracorporal cathode plates of slot, Anode plate, and the horizontal circulation liquid feed device of groove body bottom is set;
The horizontal circulation liquid feed device is by inlet tube and U-shaped woven hose group at the U-shaped perfusion tube includes intermediate infusion Pipe and two sides perfusion tube, inlet tube are connected with intermediate perfusion tube, and the end of two sides perfusion tube is equipped with the second tee tube and the three or three Siphunculus;Second tee tube and third tee tube is staggered, and second tee tube and the setting of third tee tube In the centre of groove body bottom.
2. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrolyte circulating slot is by following Ring pump is connect with heater.
3. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrolytic cell two sides are equipped with overflow Mouthful.
4. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the overflow port of the electrolytic cell two sides It is connect by pipeline with electrolysis cycle slot.
5. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inlet tube passes through the first threeway Pipe is vertically set among intermediate perfusion tube.
6. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the intermediate perfusion tube and two sides are defeated Liquid pipe junction is equipped with elbow.
7. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second tee tube and the three or three Orientation partition is equipped in siphunculus.
8. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second tee tube and the three or three Distance >=the 200mm of siphunculus in a lateral direction.
9. a kind of circulation electrolysis unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set respectively on the two sides perfusion tube There is fixed rubber base.
CN201822130945.1U 2018-12-19 2018-12-19 A kind of circulation electrolysis unit Expired - Fee Related CN209537659U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109487303A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-19 吉林紫金铜业有限公司 A kind of circulation electrolysis unit and technique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109487303A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-19 吉林紫金铜业有限公司 A kind of circulation electrolysis unit and technique

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Granted publication date: 20191025