CN209513208U - A kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument - Google Patents
A kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN209513208U CN209513208U CN201920340150.5U CN201920340150U CN209513208U CN 209513208 U CN209513208 U CN 209513208U CN 201920340150 U CN201920340150 U CN 201920340150U CN 209513208 U CN209513208 U CN 209513208U
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- pipeline section
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instruments.It is equipped with water pump with water tank in water tank, and flow control valve is arranged in experimental channel tail portion, and constant pressure water tank is connect with water tank by upper hose and downcomer, and overflow plate is equipped in constant pressure water tank.Overflow plate will be divided into overflow area and areas of permanent pressure in constant pressure water tank, areas of permanent pressure is provided with wave absorption plate, water-stabilizing board.Multiple hydrostatic measuring points have been sequentially arranged on experimental channel, each hydrostatic measuring point passes through communicating pipe and corresponding pressure-measuring pipe each in rack of measuring pressure respectively and is connected, rack of measuring pressure is equipped with graduated scale.The utility model draining is convenient, and measurement comprehensively, is not easy ponding, can keep pipeline drying for a long time in pipeline.The utility model is by Optimal Structure Designing, so that can maintain constant head height inside constant pressure water tank always.Moreover, the structure of device entirety and uncomplicated, occupied area is greatly reduced also relative to existing laboratory apparatus.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to chemical engineering experiment instrument field more particularly to a kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment
Instrument.
Background technique
In practice, it often will appear elbow, the sudden enlargement of valve pipe section in pipeline, pipeline section contracts suddenly
Small equal flowings have pipeline section jumpy, due to the presence of these pipeline sections, the boundary of water flow can be made to occur change dramatically, in water flow
Flow velocity, the pressure of each measuring point are subjected to change, busy to cause reflux, whirlpool etc., to cause the loss of water flow mechanical energy.
Local resistance tests instrument and is used exclusively for carrying out the laboratory apparatus of the experiment of local resistance.
But existing laboratory apparatus can not represent complete head line in local pipe well, lack there are larger
It falls into.Traditional local resistance experiment instrument drawback are as follows: first, experiment must carry out under constant-pressure conditions, in order to make it have constant pressure
Water level, it is necessary to have relatively large a water system and overflow system, take up a large area；Second, larger, the water body of vibrated interference
It is difficult to reach stable for the moment；Third, pipeline is complicated, operation is loaded down with trivial details, is not easy to carry out modern experiment teaching.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome prior art defects, and it is real to provide a kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss
Test instrument.
The utility model it is specific the technical solution adopted is as follows:
A kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprising open water tank and be located at water tank
The constant pressure water tank of top, water tank is interior to be equipped with water pump；Overflow plate is equipped in the constant pressure water tank, and the height of overflow plate is lower than
The Sidewall Height of constant pressure water tank；The side wall and bottom surface of overflow plate and constant pressure water tank closely connect, and constant pressure water tank is divided into overflow area
And areas of permanent pressure；The areas of permanent pressure bottom is connected with upper hose, and connects exit of pump by upper hose；The overflow area bottom with
Return pipe is connected, and return pipe bottom end is protruded into water tank；It is spread in the areas of permanent pressure in the water inlet top position of upper hose
Vertical aperture is distributed with equipped with several layers wave absorption plate, and on every layer of wave absorption plate；One block of vertical steady water is fixed at the top of areas of permanent pressure
Plate, and it is higher than overflow plate at the top of water-stabilizing board, and bottom is lower than overflow plate but higher than the wave absorption plate of the top；The water-stabilizing board and overflow
The distance between flowing plate is not less than the horizontal span of wave absorption plate；The areas of permanent pressure horizontal connection experimental channel；Experimental channel is along water
Stream direction is sequentially connected with by the first pipeline section, the second pipeline section, U-tube section, third pipeline section and the 4th pipeline section；Wherein, the first pipe
Section and the second pipeline section link position are in caliber sudden contraction, and third pipeline section and the 4th pipeline section link position are in caliber sudden expansion, the second pipeline section
It is connect with U-tube section with right angle, U-tube section is connect with third pipeline section with arc angling；Several are distributed with along journey in experimental channel
Hydrostatic measuring point；Pressure-measuring pipe quantity on rack of measuring pressure is equal with hydrostatic measuring point total quantity on experimental channel, each hydrostatic measuring point difference
It is connected with one and only one pressure-measuring pipe；A flow instrument is additionally provided on the experimental channel；First pipeline section and
First row air valve and second row air valve are respectively equipped on four pipeline sections；The end of 4th pipeline section is additionally provided with flow control valve；It is real
It tests pipe outlet to be connected with outlet pipe, the water outlet of outlet pipe is located above water tank.
Preferably, first pipeline section is identical as the caliber of the 4th pipeline section；The pipe of second pipeline section and third pipeline section
Diameter is identical.
Further, the caliber of first pipeline section is twice of the second pipeline section caliber, and the caliber of the 4th pipeline section is
Twice of third pipeline section caliber.
Preferably, the U-tube section is inverted U setting, i.e., both ends open is straight down.
Preferably, 12 hydrostatic measuring points are equipped on the experimental channel altogether, wherein 2 on the first pipeline section, the second pipeline section
Upper 2, U-tube section upper 5,3 on the 4th pipeline section.
Preferably, the water pump is connected with silicon controlled stepless speed governor.
Preferably, the flow instrument is electronic digital display flow instrument.
Preferably, the outlet pipe has 90 ° of bent angles, and its water outlet is downwards, and water flow is refilled water supply
In water tank.
Preferably, the experimental channel uses organic glass material.
Preferably, being additionally provided on the rack of measuring pressure and pressure-measuring pipe graduated scale disposed in parallel.
In terms of existing technologies, the utility model is by Optimal Structure Designing, so that can begin inside constant pressure water tank
Constant head height is maintained eventually, and the water inside water tank can constantly be continuously supplied to experimental channel, so that hydraulics
Test can carry out under constant-pressure conditions.Moreover, the structure of device entirety and uncomplicated, occupied area is also relative to existing
Laboratory apparatus greatly reduce.The experimental channel of this experiment instrument can survey unexpected diminution, right-angled bend, 180 degree by reasonable combination
Bend pipe, the local head loss of 90 degree of bend pipes, suddenly diffusion equal section, measurement comprehensively, can pass through the intuitive company of display of pressure-measuring pipe
Continuous head line.The utility model draining is convenient, and measurement comprehensively, is not easy ponding, can keep pipeline drying for a long time in pipeline.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of rack of measuring pressure.
Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of hydrostatic measuring point on pressure-measuring pipe and experimental channel.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is further elaborated and is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.In the utility model
The technical characteristic of each embodiment can carry out the corresponding combination under the premise of not conflicting with each other.
As shown in Figure 1, for comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument in one preferred embodiment of the utility model, it
Including open water tank 1 and the constant pressure water tank 9 above water tank 1.Experiment can be stored in water tank 1 to use
Water, water tank is interior to be equipped with water pump 2.Constant pressure water tank 9 is an open uncovered rectangular box body, is equipped with one piece in constant pressure water tank 9 and hangs down
Straight overflow plate 6, and the height of overflow plate 6 is lower than the Sidewall Height of constant pressure water tank 9.The side wall of overflow plate 6 and constant pressure water tank 9 and
Bottom surface closely connects, and constant pressure water tank 9 is divided to the areas of permanent pressure of the overflow area and right side for left side.Areas of permanent pressure bottom and 4 phase of upper hose
Even, it and connects water pump 2 by upper hose 4 to export, overflow area bottom is connected with return pipe 5, and water supply water is protruded into 5 bottom end of return pipe
In case 1.Water pump 2 is connected with silicon controlled stepless speed governor 3, for adjusting water flow input quantity.It will be in water tank 1 by water pump 2
Experimental water input areas of permanent pressure, gradually rise water level in areas of permanent pressure, when reaching 6 height of overflow plate, overflow, water level occur
It no longer increases but enters overflow area, and come back in water tank 1 by return pipe 5.Thus, it is possible to keep in areas of permanent pressure
Height of water level substantially maintains 6 overhead height position of overflow plate.However, there are liquid fluctuating when due to water pump input, and waterpower
Learning in test is constant for the requirement for height of head, and such fluctuation will cause experimental result inaccuracy, therefore in the present apparatus
Further progress stablizes processing.Specific practice are as follows: the water inlet top position of the upper hose 4 in areas of permanent pressure is equipped with multilayer
Vertical aperture is distributed on every layer of wave absorption plate 7 in wave absorption plate 7, that is, uses porous plate.Multi-layer porous plate is layered on the water outlet of upper hose 4
Water flow fluctuation is stablized in position for the first time.But water flow still has the speed flowed up, therefore further in constant pressure
It is fixed with one piece of vertical water-stabilizing board 8 at the top of area, and is higher than overflow plate 6 at the top of water-stabilizing board 8, and bottom is lower than overflow plate 6 but height
Wave absorption plate 7 in the top.And the distance between water-stabilizing board 8 and overflow plate 6 are not less than the horizontal span of wave absorption plate 7, i.e., surely
The projected position of water plate 8 is on the right side of wave absorption plate 7.Under this way, even if the water flow at upper hose 4 has upward initial velocity
Degree, but this part water flow can enter the region between water-stabilizing board 8 and overflow plate 6, and under the barrier of water-stabilizing board 8, water-stabilizing board 8
The region water level on right side is kept approximately constant, and builds stable hydraulic pressure.Therefore, the right side of areas of permanent pressure can be with horizontal connection experiment tube
Road 10 carries out hydraulics test.
Experimental channel 10 in the present embodiment is along water (flow) direction by the first pipeline section, the second pipeline section, U-tube section, third pipeline section
And the 4th pipeline section be sequentially connected with.First pipeline section, the second pipeline section, third pipeline section and the 4th pipeline section are isometrical straight pipe.The
One pipeline section is identical as the caliber of the 4th pipeline section；Second pipeline section is identical as the caliber of third pipeline section.The caliber of first pipeline section is
Twice of second pipeline section caliber, the caliber of the 4th pipeline section are twice of third pipeline section caliber.First pipeline section and the second pipeline section as a result,
Link position is in caliber sudden contraction, and third pipeline section and the 4th pipeline section link position are in caliber sudden expansion, the second pipeline section and U-tube Duan Yizhi
Angle connection, U-tube section are connect with third pipeline section with arc angling.The resistance as caused by the change dramatically of fluid boundary claims office
Portion's resistance, overcomes head loss caused by local resistance to claim local head loss.The meeting when water flow flows through the two joint locations
Generate different local head loss.Under such connection type, unexpected diminution, right-angled bend, 180 degree bend pipe are formd, 90 degree
Bend pipe, the local head loss for spreading a variety of sections suddenly.
In order to intuitively show such loss of measurement, several hydrostatic measuring points are distributed with along journey in experimental channel 10.The present embodiment
In, 12 hydrostatic measuring points on experimental channel 10, wherein 2 on the first pipeline section, 2 on the second pipeline section, U-tube section upper 5, the
3 on four pipeline sections, 12 hydrostatic measuring point numbers are 21~32.Hydrostatic measuring point is one and is fixed on tube wall and is connected to tube cavity
Interface can be realized by one Pitot tube of setting.U-tube section is inverted U setting, i.e., both ends open is straight down.It surveys
18 quantity of pressure-measuring pipe in pressure rack 16 is equal with hydrostatic measuring point total quantity on experimental channel 10, also there is 12.Each hydrostatic measuring point
It is connected respectively with one and only one pressure-measuring pipe 18.When having certain head at each hydrostatic measuring point, water flow can edge
Communicating pipe enter corresponding pressure-measuring pipe 18, and showed in the form of the fluid column of certain altitude in pressure-measuring pipe 18.On rack of measuring pressure 16
A graduated scale 17 parallel with pressure-measuring pipe 18 can be set, in order to read to liquid-column height.It can be on graduated scale 17
One subsidiary level bar that can be slided up and down is set, determining degree is facilitated.
The end of 4th pipeline section is additionally provided with flow control valve 14, a flow instrument 12 is additionally provided on experimental channel 10, preferably
For electronic digital display flow instrument, the two cooperation can be adjusted accurately and measure current flow.Divide on first pipeline section and the 4th pipeline section
Not She You first row air valve 11 and 13,2 exhaust valves of second row air valve inner air tube can be discharged.Experimental channel 10 exports and goes out
Water pipe 15 is connected, and the water outlet of outlet pipe 15 is located at 1 top of water tank.Outlet pipe 15 has 90 ° of bent angles, and its water outlet is perpendicular
Directly downward, water flow is refilled in water tank 1.
Experimental channel 10 can intuitively observe internal flow morphology preferably with organic glass material.
The operating method of the utility model are as follows:
1, flow control valve 14 is opened, water pump 2 is powered, and is adjusted by controlling silicon controlled stepless speed governor 3 to target
Power.After the height of water level of areas of permanent pressure is constant, flow control valve 14 is shut.Equal pressure-measuring pipes 18 are read after stablizing.If there is survey to press
The reading of pipe 18 is not identical, then needs to adjust the position of 16 gradient of rack of measuring pressure and pressure-measuring pipe 18, keeps its every reading the same.
2, it keeps water pump 2 to supply water constant pressure water tank 9, and keeps overflow, turn-on flow rate regulating valve 14, water supply constant pressure head
Under, water body flows through experimental channel 10, and according to the registration of flow instrument 12, passes through flow in 14 regulation pipe of flow control valve to target
Value.
3, after water column in pressure-measuring pipe 18 is stablized, the head of different measuring points can be intuitively shown at different pressure-measuring pipes 18.
Record the liquid-column height reading of the reading of flow instrument 12 and all pressure-measuring pipes 18.It repeats above-mentioned test 3-4 times, then according to corresponding
Formula can calculate the local head loss of local sudden expansion and sudden contraction.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the utility model, and so it is not practical to limit
It is novel.Those of ordinary skill in related technical field can be in the case where not departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model
It makes a variety of changes and modification.Therefore all mode technical solutions obtained for taking equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation, all fall within
In the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument, which is characterized in that it include open water tank (1) and
Constant pressure water tank (9) above water tank (1), water tank (1) is interior to be equipped with water pump (2)；It is set in the constant pressure water tank (9)
Have overflow plate (6), and the height of overflow plate (6) is lower than the Sidewall Height of constant pressure water tank (9)；Overflow plate (6) and constant pressure water tank (9)
Side wall and bottom surface closely connect, constant pressure water tank (9) is divided into overflow area and areas of permanent pressure；The areas of permanent pressure bottom and upper hose
(4) it is connected, and passes through upper hose (4) connection water pump (2) outlet；The overflow area bottom is connected with return pipe (5), and return pipe
(5) bottom end is protruded into water tank (1)；Several layers are equipped in the water inlet top position of upper hose (4) in the areas of permanent pressure
Wave absorption plate (7), and vertical aperture is distributed on every layer of wave absorption plate (7)；One piece of vertical water-stabilizing board is fixed at the top of areas of permanent pressure
(8), and at the top of water-stabilizing board (8) it is higher than overflow plate (6), and bottom is lower than overflow plate (6) but higher than the wave absorption plate (7) of the top；
The distance between the water-stabilizing board (8) and overflow plate (6) are not less than the horizontal span of wave absorption plate (7)；The areas of permanent pressure level connects
Connect experimental channel (10)；Experimental channel (10) is along water (flow) direction by the first pipeline section, the second pipeline section, U-tube section, third pipeline section and
Four pipeline sections are sequentially connected with；Wherein, the first pipeline section and the second pipeline section link position are in caliber sudden contraction, third pipeline section and the 4th pipe
Section link position is in caliber sudden expansion, and the second pipeline section is connect with U-tube section with right angle, and U-tube section and third pipeline section are with arc angling
Connection；Several hydrostatic measuring points are distributed with along journey in experimental channel (10)；Pressure-measuring pipe (18) quantity and experiment on rack of measuring pressure (16)
Hydrostatic measuring point total quantity is equal on pipeline (10), and each hydrostatic measuring point is connected with one and only one pressure-measuring pipe (18) respectively
It is logical；A flow instrument (12) is additionally provided on the experimental channel (10)；Is respectively equipped on first pipeline section and the 4th pipeline section
One exhaust valve (11) and second row air valve (13)；The end of 4th pipeline section is additionally provided with flow control valve (14)；Experimental channel
(10) outlet is connected with outlet pipe (15), and the water outlet of outlet pipe (15) is located above water tank (1).
2. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first pipeline section with
The caliber of 4th pipeline section is identical；Second pipeline section is identical as the caliber of third pipeline section.
3. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first pipeline section
Caliber is twice of the second pipeline section caliber, and the caliber of the 4th pipeline section is twice of third pipeline section caliber.
4. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the U-tube section is
Inverted U setting, i.e. both ends open are straight down.
5. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the experimental channel
(10) 12 hydrostatic measuring points are equipped on altogether, wherein 2 on the first pipeline section, 2 on the second pipeline section, U-tube section upper 5, the 4th pipe
Section upper 3.
6. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water pump (2) with
Silicon controlled stepless speed governor (3) is connected.
7. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the flow instrument (12)
For electronic digital display flow instrument.
8. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the outlet pipe (15)
With 90 ° of bent angles, and its water outlet is downwards, and water flow is refilled in water tank (1).
9. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the experimental channel
(10) organic glass material is used.
10. self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument comprehensively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the rack of measuring pressure
(16) it is additionally provided on and pressure-measuring pipe (18) graduated scale disposed in parallel (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920340150.5U CN209513208U (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920340150.5U CN209513208U (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN209513208U true CN209513208U (en) | 2019-10-18 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920340150.5U Expired - Fee Related CN209513208U (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of comprehensive self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112461533A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 扬州大学 | Door flap head loss experiment testing system and using method thereof |
| CN113740030A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-03 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Pipeline resistance parameter detection system and detection method |
-
2019
- 2019-03-18 CN CN201920340150.5U patent/CN209513208U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112461533A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 扬州大学 | Door flap head loss experiment testing system and using method thereof |
| CN113740030A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-03 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Pipeline resistance parameter detection system and detection method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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Granted publication date: 20191018 |