CN209479438U - Superconducting magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus - Google Patents
Superconducting magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN209479438U CN209479438U CN201920105538.7U CN201920105538U CN209479438U CN 209479438 U CN209479438 U CN 209479438U CN 201920105538 U CN201920105538 U CN 201920105538U CN 209479438 U CN209479438 U CN 209479438U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of superconducting magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus, superconducting magnet includes: the supporter of hollow structure, the low-temperature superconducting coil made of NbTi alloy is wrapped on supporter, the coil clad of circumferential cladding low-temperature superconducting coil, coat the thermal insulation layer of coil clad, and the Dewar of cladding thermal insulation layer；The space formed between coil clad and supporter is full of liquid helium, and the space formed between thermal insulation layer and coil clad, between Dewar and thermal insulation layer is vacuum.Magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake includes that brake main body, wearing plate, magnetic yoke and at least two superconducting magnets, superconducting magnet are connect with wearing plate and magnetic yoke respectively.Magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy current braking device includes magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and control exciting current on-off, size and the superconduction eddy-current brake controller connecting with power supply, and low-temperature superconducting coil is connect by conducting connecting part with superconduction eddy-current brake controller.The utility model is small in size, light-weight.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to braking technology field, is related to magnetic-levitation train braking technology, specifically, being related to a kind of superconduction
Magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus.
Background technique
With the starting of domestic 600km/h magnetic suspension train project, train under high speed operating status, if only relying only on
Apply the traditional brakings modes such as electric braking, hydraulic braking, air damping in wheel rail relation, can no longer meet wanting for emergency braking
It asks.Based on the mode of braking that the eddy-current brake of the law of electromagnetic induction is sticked together departing from wheel track, connect using nothing between magnet and rail
Brake force that the relative motion of touching generates makes train deceleration, and the size of brake force is no longer influenced by the limit of wheel-rail friction coefficient
System, effectively prevent train to slide taking place frequently for phenomenon, greatly improves train operational safety.The magnet of conventional vortex braking uses aluminium
Foil coil winds the electromagnet structure of iron core, and magnet, which is suspended under suspension rack, to be kept certain air gap with rail level and pass to direct current
Stream can generate vortex in track, and under the action of eddy current magnetic flux, the flux distortions of normal distribution are the magnetic flux of oblique line distribution, tiltedly
The magnetic flux of line distribution is decomposed into perpendicular to rail level and two flux components for being parallel to rail level, and the latter is eddy-current brake, is passed through
Electromagnetic force between train and track makes train braking slow down in the train of advance.As track train speed constantly mentions
Height, loading capacity are continuously increased, and the brake force needed is also increasing.In the biggish occasion of demand braking force, conventional vortex system
Dynamic device is difficult to meet the requirement of brake force.In order to improve electromagnetic system power, needing to increase magnetic field strength and increase eddy-current brake
Device distributed quantity becomes most important method.However increasing magnetic field strength can make the volume of eddy current braking device increasing,
Weight is also increasingly heavier, such as: the medium-sized magnet of one 5 special Lars, conventional magnet weight is up to 20 tons, therefore, large volume, big
The eddy current braking device of weight is difficult to realize ON TRAINS.
The Chinese patent application of 101468609 A of Publication No. CN discloses a kind of track motor superconduction eddy-current brake dress
It sets, the electromagnet core column of brake monitor and eddy current braking device including being equipped with field power supply, eddy current braking device uses
Superconducting electromagnet iron core column, superconducting magnetic iron coil are connected with field power supply, and superconducting electromagnet iron core column is mounted on compartment steering
On frame, there is air-gap between the bottom plane of superconducting electromagnet iron core column and the upper surface of railway track.The patent of invention Shen
Please in eddy current braking device use superconducting magnetic system, it is light-weight due to superconducting magnet, be equally in one 5 special Lars
Type magnet, the weight of superconducting magnet only have several kilograms.Therefore, compared with conventional vortex brake apparatus, in the application for a patent for invention
Eddy current braking device weight mitigate significantly.But it since superconducting magnet is using the electromagnet structure of coil winding stem, occupies empty
Between it is relatively large, and the weight accounting of stem is big, and in order to obtain bigger power, the eddy current braking device in the patent application is still
So there are problems that volume, weight increase.
Further, since superconductor refer to have showed under certain cryogenic conditions resistance equal to zero and repel magnetic
The material of the property of the line of force will lead to superconduction failure if temperature changes, so that eddy current braking device brake force be made to reduce, it is difficult to
Brake force needed for generating train braking, causes security risk.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above problems existing in the present technology, the utility model provides a kind of small in size, light-weight surpass
Magnetizer, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of superconducting magnet, comprising:
Supporter, the supporter are hollow structure；
Low-temperature superconducting coil is wrapped on the supporter；
The low-temperature superconducting coil is the coil made of NbTi alloy；
Coil clad, it is circumferential to coat the low-temperature superconducting coil；
The space formed between the coil clad and the supporter is full of liquid helium；
Thermal insulation layer coats the coil clad；
The space formed between the thermal insulation layer and the coil clad is vacuum；
Dewar coats the thermal insulation layer；
The space formed between the Dewar and the thermal insulation layer is vacuum.
Preferably, the supporter is equipped with liquid helium export pipeline and liquid helium entrance pipe through the supporter, institute
Coil clad is stated to be connected to the liquid helium export pipeline and the liquid helium entrance pipe.
Preferably, coil clad lower part is equipped with reinforcing rib structure, the supporter and the low-temperature superconducting coil
It is placed on the reinforcing rib structure, the liquid helium export pipeline and the liquid helium entrance pipe and the reinforcing rib clearance space
Connection.
Preferably, the thermal insulation layer bottom is equipped with reinforcing rib structure, and the coil clad is placed in the reinforcing rib knot
On structure.
Preferably, the Dewar bottom is equipped with reinforcing rib structure, and the thermal insulation layer is placed on the reinforcing rib structure.
Preferably, it is super to be equipped with a pair of of low temperature on the opposite position of top for the coil clad, thermal insulation layer and Dewar
Loop pin interfaces.
Preferably, sealing element is equipped in every a pair of of low-temperature superconducting coil lead interface.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model additionally provides a kind of magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, including system
The magnet that dynamic device main body, wearing plate, the magnetic yoke connecting with the brake main body and lower end are connect with wearing plate, the magnet
It is connect with the magnetic yoke, the magnet is equipped at least two, using above-mentioned superconducting magnet；Two neighboring magnet excitation current direction
On the contrary, magnetizing direction is alternating with each other.
It further, further include cooling device, the cooling device includes liquid helium vessel, connect with the liquid helium vessel
Liquid helium pipeline, liquid nitrogen container and the liquid nitrogen cooling line connecting with liquid nitrogen container, the liquid helium pipeline go out with the liquid helium respectively
Mouth pipeline is connected to the liquid helium entrance pipe, and the liquid nitrogen cooling line is wound on the outside of the thermal insulation layer.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy current braking device again, including
The superconduction eddy-current brake controller of superconduction eddy-current brake and control exciting current on-off, size, the superconduction eddy-current brake control
Device processed is connect with power supply, and the superconduction eddy-current brake uses above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, the low temperature
Superconducting coil is connect by conducting connecting part with the superconduction eddy-current brake controller.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the utility model superconducting magnet is made of five layers of nested structure, and iron-free cored structure is small in size, light-weight；Coil
The low-temperature superconducting coil being made using NbTi alloy, since low-temperature superconducting coil can be generated by very high current
Magnetic field strength it is big, and bigger brake force can be obtained under conventional electromagnetic iron phase same volume weight.
(2) the utility model magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake replaces having iron using the superconducting magnet of iron-free cored structure
The electromagnet of cored structure, the low-temperature superconducting coil that NbTi alloy is made can be safe due to the presence of low temperature zero resistance state
Ground passes to high current excitation and generates high-intensitive magnetic field, and brake force is big, small in size under the magnetic field conditions for generating same intensity,
It is light-weight, and be non-contact brake, coil resistance levels off to zero, and electric energy loss is less.
(3) the utility model magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy current braking device, superconduction eddy-current brake is using iron-free cored structure
Superconducting magnet replaces the electromagnet of cored structure, and the low-temperature superconducting coil being made using NbTi alloy is due to zero electricity of low temperature
The presence of resistance state can safely pass to high current excitation and generate high-intensitive magnetic field, so that conventional electromagnetic iron phase is androgynous
Bigger brake force is obtained under product weight.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the utility model specific embodiment superconducting magnet；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the utility model specific embodiment magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake；
Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment superconducting magnet current direction schematic diagram.
In figure, 1, supporter, 2, low-temperature superconducting coil, 3, coil clad, 4, thermal insulation layer, 5, Dewar, 6, low-temperature superconducting
Coil lead interface, 7, sealing element, 8, liquid helium export pipeline, 9, liquid helium entrance pipe, 10, brake main body, 11, wearing plate,
12, magnetic yoke, 13, magnet, 14, lateral suspension, 15, longitudinal suspension, the 16, first space, 17, second space, 18, third space.
Specific embodiment
In the following, the utility model is specifically described by illustrative embodiment.It should be appreciated, however, that not having
In the case where being further discussed below, element, structure and features in an embodiment can also be advantageously incorporated into other implementations
In mode.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outside" etc.
The orientation or positional relationship of instruction is positional relationship based on the figure, is merely for convenience of description the utility model and simplification
Description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, constructed and grasped with specific orientation
Make, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " third " are only used for description mesh
, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
Referring to Fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of superconducting magnet, comprising:
Supporter 1, the supporter are hollow structure；
Low-temperature superconducting coil 2 is wrapped on the supporter 1；
The low-temperature superconducting coil 2 is the coil made of NbTi alloy；
Coil clad 3, it is circumferential to coat the low-temperature superconducting coil 2；
The first space 16 formed between the coil clad 3 and the supporter 1 is full of liquid helium；
Thermal insulation layer 4 coats the coil clad 3；
The second space 17 formed between the thermal insulation layer 4 and the coil clad 3 is vacuum；
Dewar 5 coats the thermal insulation layer 4；
The third space 18 formed between the Dewar 5 and the thermal insulation layer 4 is vacuum.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, the coil clad 3, thermal insulation layer 4 and Dewar 5 are equipped with one on the opposite position of top
To low-temperature superconducting coil lead interface 6.Low-temperature superconducting coil lead is drawn and superconduction eddy-current brake from low-temperature superconducting pin interfaces
Controller connection generates magnetic field to pass to electric current to low-temperature superconducting coil.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of above-mentioned superconducting magnet, in order to guarantee heat-insulated and sealing effect,
Sealing element 7 is equipped at every a pair of of low-temperature superconducting coil lead interface 6.Specifically, in coil clad, thermal insulation layer and Dewar
Low-temperature superconducting coil lead interface be equipped with sealing element, first seal is set to the inside and outside two sides of coil clad, second
Sealing element is set to the inside and outside two sides of thermal insulation layer, and third sealing element is set to the inside and outside two sides of Dewar.It is described close as preferred design
Sealing is the seal that sealing ring or sealing ring or gasket etc. have sealing structure.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, since helium has a volatility, superconducting magnet after a period of use, coil clad 3 and branch
In the first space formed between support body 1, liquid helium is reduced, and low-temperature superconducting coil is immersed in liquid helium and superconducting state is presented, and is
Preventing from seeing because of liquid helium causes low-temperature superconducting coil to quench.In an embodiment in above-mentioned superconducting magnet, the support
Body 1 be equipped with through the supporter 1 liquid helium export pipeline 8 and liquid helium entrance pipe 9, the coil clad 3 with it is described
Liquid helium export pipeline 8 is connected to the liquid helium entrance pipe 9.By liquid helium export pipeline be discharged coil clad and supporter it
Between the helium that generates of the first space internal cause liquid helium volatilization, pressure in the first space of removal reduces pressure in the first space, passes through
Liquid helium entrance pipe supplements liquid helium into the first space, guarantees that low-temperature superconducting coil is constantly in superconducting state.
In a preferred embodiment, the supporter is an integral structure.In another preferred embodiment, the branch
Support body is split type structure, and including ontology and the top cover connecting with ontology, ontology is open-topped hollow structure, and top cover is greater than
Bodies top opening, the liquid helium export pipeline 8 and the liquid helium entrance pipe 9 are through top cover and body bottom portion and the coil
Clad 3 is connected to.
As a preferred embodiment, coil clad lower part is equipped with reinforcing rib structure, the supporter and described
Low-temperature superconducting coil is placed on the reinforcing rib structure, and the liquid helium export pipeline and the liquid helium entrance pipe add with described
The connection of strengthening tendons clearance space.Liquid helium export pipeline is connected to reinforcing rib clearance space, can be empty by first by reinforcing rib gap
The helium recovery that interior volatilization generates.Similarly, when needing to the first space make-up helium, due to liquid helium entrance pipe and add
Helium can be full of the first space by reinforcing rib gap by the connection of strengthening tendons clearance space.
As a preferred embodiment, in order to improve heat insulation, the thermal insulation layer bottom is equipped with reinforcing rib structure, described
Coil clad is placed on the reinforcing rib structure.Specifically, as preferred design, coil clad is placed in the reinforcement
After on muscle, the fixation with thermal insulation layer is realized using connectors such as positioning pin or bolts.
As another preferred embodiment, in order to improve the heat insulation effect of Dewar, the Dewar bottom is equipped with reinforcing rib knot
Structure, the thermal insulation layer are placed on the reinforcing rib structure.Thermal insulation layer is placed on reinforcing rib structure, the bottom of thermal insulation layer with
Dewar is not directly contacted with, clearance space is vacuum, and heat insulation effect is good by reinforcing rib forming gap.It is described in the utility model every
Thermosphere preferably uses cold screen.Specifically, as preferred design, after thermal insulation layer is placed on the reinforcing rib, using positioning pin or
The connectors such as bolt realize the fixation with Dewar.
The above-mentioned superconducting magnet of the utility model can pass to very high current, the magnetic field strength of generation using NbTi coil
Greatly, and coil is made of superconductor, is had a clear superiority on volume and weight, the electromagnetism iron phase with existing cored structure
Than, iron-free cored structure, under the magnetic field conditions for generating same intensity, superconducting magnet it is small in size, light-weight.
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, including system
The magnetic that dynamic device main body 10, wearing plate 11, the magnetic yoke 12 connecting with the brake main body 10 and lower end are connect with wearing plate 11
Body 13, the magnet 13 are connect with the magnetic yoke 12, and the magnet 13 is equipped with 12, using the super of any one of the above structure
Magnetizer；Two neighboring magnet excitation current direction is on the contrary, magnetizing direction is alternating with each other.It is logical in low-temperature superconducting coil referring to Fig. 3
When electric, for two neighboring magnet because exciting current is contrary, magnetizing direction is alternating with each other, alternating magnetic field is generated, to generate system
Power realizes braking.With continued reference to Fig. 2, in above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, brake main body is also connected with by cross
To suspension 14 and longitudinal suspension 15, eddy-current brake is passed through by the fixation of lateral suspension transverse direction and pass force crossly, eddy-current brake
Longitudinal suspension transmitting longitudinal force.As preferred design, longitudinal suspension is Z-shaped Tiebar structure.
Lifting lug insertion as a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, at the top of magnet
In magnetic yoke waist-shaped hole, then each magnet is linked together lifting lug and magnetic yoke using 4 resilient keys；Magnetic yoke and brake main body
By welding manner or using connector (such as: bolt etc.) connection.
As another preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, brake main body is by metal
Plate is welded, and as the main body frame of above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, guarantees above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction whirlpool
Flow the strength and stiffness of brake.
As a preferred embodiment of above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, the eddy-current brake further includes cold
But device, liquid helium pipeline, liquid nitrogen container and and the liquid nitrogen that the cooling device includes liquid helium vessel, connect with the liquid helium vessel
The liquid nitrogen cooling line of container connection, the liquid helium pipeline connect with the liquid helium export pipeline and the liquid helium entrance pipe respectively
Logical, the liquid nitrogen cooling line is wound on the outside of the thermal insulation layer.Specifically, liquid helium vessel passes through liquid helium pipeline and liquid helium entrance
Pipeline realizes the supplement to liquid helium in the first space, and is generated by liquid helium pipeline and the realization of liquid helium export pipeline to because of volatilization
Helium recycling.
When above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake is installed on car body and runs with car body, the bottom of the superconducting magnet is flat
The outer surface of face and track has air-gap.
The above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake of the utility model, it is small in size, light-weight using above-mentioned superconducting magnet,
Convenient for application.
Another embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy current braking device, including superconduction vortex
The superconduction eddy-current brake controller of brake and control exciting current on-off, size, the superconduction eddy-current brake controller and confession
Power supply connection, the superconduction eddy-current brake use above-mentioned magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, the low-temperature superconducting coil
It is connect by conducting connecting part with the superconduction eddy-current brake controller.When braking, superconduction eddy-current brake controller is super for low temperature
Loop provides exciting current, and controller is also connected with individual power supply (such as: battery feed), guarantees emergency braking work
Eddy-current brake can be applied under condition.
Above-described embodiment is used to explain the utility model, rather than limits the utility model, in the utility model
Spirit and scope of protection of the claims in, to any modifications and changes that the utility model is made, it is practical new to both fall within this
The protection scope of type.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of superconducting magnet characterized by comprising
Supporter, the supporter are hollow structure；
Low-temperature superconducting coil is wrapped on the supporter；
The low-temperature superconducting coil is the coil made of NbTi alloy；
Coil clad, it is circumferential to coat the low-temperature superconducting coil；
The space formed between the coil clad and the supporter is full of liquid helium；
Thermal insulation layer coats the coil clad；
The space formed between the thermal insulation layer and the coil clad is vacuum；
Dewar coats the thermal insulation layer；
The space formed between the Dewar and the thermal insulation layer is vacuum.
2. superconducting magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the supporter is equipped with the liquid through the supporter
Helium out pipeline and liquid helium entrance pipe, the coil clad and the liquid helium export pipeline and the liquid helium entrance pipe connect
It is logical.
3. superconducting magnet as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that coil clad lower part is equipped with reinforcing rib structure,
The supporter and the low-temperature superconducting coil are placed on the reinforcing rib structure, the liquid helium export pipeline and the liquid helium
Entrance pipe is connected to the reinforcing rib clearance space.
4. superconducting magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermal insulation layer bottom is equipped with reinforcing rib structure, described
Coil clad is placed on the reinforcing rib structure.
5. superconducting magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Dewar bottom be equipped with reinforcing rib structure, it is described every
Thermosphere is placed on the reinforcing rib structure.
6. the superconducting magnet as described in claim 1 to 5 any one, which is characterized in that the coil clad, thermal insulation layer and
Dewar is equipped with a pair of of low-temperature superconducting coil lead interface on the opposite position of top.
7. superconducting magnet as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that be all provided in every a pair of of low-temperature superconducting coil lead interface
There is sealing element.
8. a kind of magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake, including brake main body, wearing plate, it connect with the brake main body
The magnet that magnetic yoke and lower end are connect with wearing plate, the magnet are connect with the magnetic yoke, which is characterized in that the magnet is equipped with
At least two, using superconducting magnet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7；Two neighboring magnet excitation current direction phase
Instead, magnetizing direction is alternating with each other.
9. magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that it further include cooling device, it is described
It cooling device includes liquid helium vessel, connect with the liquid helium vessel liquid helium pipeline, liquid nitrogen container and is connect with liquid nitrogen container
Liquid nitrogen cooling line, the liquid helium pipeline is respectively with the liquid helium export pipeline through the supporter and through the supporter
The connection of liquid helium entrance pipe, the liquid nitrogen cooling line are wound on the outside of the thermal insulation layer.
10. a kind of magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy current braking device, including superconduction eddy-current brake and control exciting current on-off, size
Superconduction eddy-current brake controller, the superconduction eddy-current brake controller connect with power supply, which is characterized in that the superconduction
Eddy-current brake uses magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake as claimed in claim 8 or 9, and the low-temperature superconducting coil passes through
Conducting connecting part is connect with the superconduction eddy-current brake controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920105538.7U CN209479438U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Superconducting magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920105538.7U CN209479438U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Superconducting magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN209479438U true CN209479438U (en) | 2019-10-11 |
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| CN201920105538.7U Active CN209479438U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Superconducting magnet, magnetic-levitation train superconduction eddy-current brake and brake apparatus |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113212178A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Superconducting magnet low-temperature system for high-temperature superconducting maglev train |
| CN113525269A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | Eddy current braking power supply system |
| CN114496456A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-13 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Integrated suspension electromagnet, linear motor and magnetic suspension train |
-
2019
- 2019-01-22 CN CN201920105538.7U patent/CN209479438U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113212178A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Superconducting magnet low-temperature system for high-temperature superconducting maglev train |
| CN113525269A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | Eddy current braking power supply system |
| CN114496456A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-13 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Integrated suspension electromagnet, linear motor and magnetic suspension train |
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