CN103129843B - Non-magnetic cryogenic container used for high-speed operation of high-temperature superconductivity maglev system and manufacturing method of non-magnetic cryogenic container - Google Patents
Non-magnetic cryogenic container used for high-speed operation of high-temperature superconductivity maglev system and manufacturing method of non-magnetic cryogenic container Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-magnetic cryogenic container used for high-speed operation of a high-temperature superconductivity maglev system and a manufacturing method of the non-magnetic cryogenic container. High-strength non-magnetic metal materials are used for constructing a supporting framework of the overall cryogenic container, on the basis of the supporting framework made of the non-magnetic metal materials, thermal insulation layer wrapping technology is adopted so as to achieve the purposes of heat insulation and heat preservation, and the bottom surface of the supporting framework made of the non-magnetic metal materials is processed by means of special technology to prevent the eddy current from occurring so as to meet requirements of high-speed operation of the high-temperature superconductivity maglev system. The non-magnetic cryogenic container used for high-speed operation of the high-temperature superconductivity maglev system and the manufacturing method of the non-magnetic cryogenic container overcome the shortcomings that when a traditional metal cryogenic container uses vacuum thermal insulation as the main heat preservation technology, the eddy current and relevant loss easily occur at the bottom of the traditional metal cryogenic container, and make up for the shortage that a super thermal insulation material is not easy to construct and weak in supporting strength, reduce adverse effects of the induced eddy current at a high speed as much as possible, and is suitable for the high-temperature superconductivity maglev system operating at a high speed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, relate to a kind of be applicable to high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system under high-speed cruising condition without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
High-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology is with flux pinning ability specific to himself, stable suspension can be realized without the need to external control, possesses the obvious characteristic of driven suspension, thus avoid research and development and the input of active control technology and equipment, having the various features such as structure is simple, principle reliable, superior performance, is a kind of desirable practical magnetic levitation technology.
High-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology has broad application prospects in fields such as high-speed magnetic levitation traffic, Electromagnetic Launching, flywheel energy storage, magnetic suspension bearings, and its low energy consumption possessed, high reliability, the many advantages such as pollution-free also become one of ideal chose of development green energy resource industry.In the end of the year 2000, manned high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation (HTS-Maglev) laboratory vehicle " new century edition ", in Chinese Chengdu Success in Experiment, indicates the important breakthrough that high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology is applied at field of traffic.
Realize electromagnetic suspension (EMS) train that suspends with utilizing electromagnetic attraction and utilize the electrodynamics suspension of electromagnetic induction repulsive force (EDS) train and compare, high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation (HTS-Maglev) train supplies without the need to extra power, and the permanent current relying on the electromagnetic induction effect between high-temperature superconducting block and tracks of permanent magnetism to produce realizes stable certainly suspending.It is one of maintenance pacing factor required for permanent current that high-temperature superconducting block works in below critical temperature, and therefore high-temperature superconducting maglev train system needs to introduce low-temperature (low temperature) vessel to ensure that high-temperature superconducting block works in below critical temperature.
For comparatively conventional high temperature superconducting materia yttrium barium copper oxide (YBaCuO), its critical temperature is 92K, and the temperature of liquid nitrogen is 77K, its job requirement can be met, thus need to design a kind of can the mounted temperature container of splendid attire liquid nitrogen to meet high-temperature superconducting maglev train operating needs.Need to use 4.2K liquid helium and associated vessel compared to low temperature superconducting material (LTS), the designing and employing of 77K liquid nitrogen vessel is simply too much, and cost is low, easy maintenance, and this is also one of advantage of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology.
When quasi static test (test speed is lower than 1m/s) or low cruise (running velocity is lower than 30km/h), the liquid nitrogen vessel that metallic material makes can be used, but must ensure that this metallic material is paramagnetic material or relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1, to avoid impacting the magnetic structure of tracks of permanent magnetism.The performance requriements of the metal low temp container used for quasistatic or low cruise also comprises that temperature retention time is long, structural strength is high, bottom thickness is little, by rational design, can meet these indexs.
When high speed or hyper-speed run (running velocity is higher than 100km/h), because tracks of permanent magnetism is along the magnetic field existence irregularity to a certain extent of train working direction, current vortex can be produced in the induction of metal low temp container bottom, and many adverse effects can be brought to magnetic suspension train operation.First this current vortex can have an impact to the coupled magnetic field of high-temperature superconducting block and tracks of permanent magnetism, weakens the suspension usefulness of high-temperature superconducting block; Secondly this current vortex can produce heat, accelerates the volatilization of liquid nitrogen in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, shortens the work-hours of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel; Simultaneously this current vortex also can with the non-uniform magnetic field generation coupling of track, produce and pull electromagnetic force, offset the propulsive effort of part magnetic suspension train, reduce and drive usefulness.
Due to the proportional relation that this current vortex to become with running velocity square, running velocity is higher, the current vortex then responding to generation is stronger, the impact caused magnetic suspension train is larger, therefore need to improve metal low temp container or replace, to find a kind of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel method for making being suitable for high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: provide a kind of and be applicable to low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system and preparation method thereof, this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is made not only to meet the basic technical features such as temperature retention time is long, structural strength is high, bottom thickness is little, bottom low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, produce induction electricity vortex phenomenon when farthest hindering simultaneously or weaken high-speed cruising, thus improve the high speed operation usefulness of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system.
Technical scheme: a kind of be applicable to high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, comprise non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1, high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange 3, super insulating material 4, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7, air extractor vent 8, it is characterized in that, super insulating material 4 covers and is wrapped in non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 outside; Low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7 is connected with non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 and super insulating material 4 by low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange 3, forms a cavity; High-temperature superconducting block 5 is positioned at this cavity inside; Air extractor vent 8 is opened on low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7; The mode that low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange 3 is bolted and magnetic suspension train carriage body are fixed together; Non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 bottom thickness is no more than 3mm;
Described non-magnetic metallic framework 1 adopts paramagnetic metal material, and as red copper, aluminum alloy or corrosion-resistant steel, require its relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1;
The bottom of described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 is through taking the special process process such as hollow out, etching or weaving, the conductive layer of the bottom of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 is divided into zonule, to reduce the flowing space of induction electricity eddy current, hinder or reduce as far as possible the generation of induction electricity eddy current, to eliminate this current vortex at high speeds to the adverse effect that whole magnetic suspension system causes;
Described super insulating material 4 generally adopts silica nanometer Porous materials, plays the effect of heat-insulation and heat-preservation; Covering in the process of wrapping up in, different covering can be adopted to wrap up in technique, as directly winding, layering commutation are wound around or fibrage technique;
Cover in the process of wrapping up at super insulating material, the high tensile strength fibrous materials such as carbon fiber, glass fibre and graphite fiber can be introduced, adopt the multi-layer braided method be similar in traditional textile industry, be adiabatic layer by thermal insulating material and high tensile strength fibrous material shuffling, to improve the structural strength of super insulating material; For some particular application, the magnetic suspension bearing low-temperature (low temperature) vessel that such as base thickness is very thin, its thickness only has about 1mm usually, adiabatic layer cannot be carried out cover and wrap up on the basis of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton, the sizing that epoxy resin impregnated technique now can be adopted to carry out adiabatic layer processes with solidification, adiabatic layer after solidification has higher mechanical strength, can directly as the bottom of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel;
The fluent that high-strength composite lamination coating and epoxy resin mix also can be added in described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1, metallic framework mechanical strength can be improved after it solidifies, to avoid covering in the process of wrapping up in, its deformation be caused to the non-magnetic metallic material skeleton larger stress of generation;
After completing and covering and wrap up in, adopt epoxy resin impregnated technique or low temperature glue application process to be cured setting, make super insulating material 4 can closely be wrapped on non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1;
Described high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2 directly uses holding screw to be fixed on inside non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1;
Mainly bear bottom described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 and come from super insulating material 4 and cover the squeese pressure wrapped up in and transmitted by high-temperature superconducting block 5 when produced stress and high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2 carry out fastened by screw, these two power have certain negative function in the vertical direction; Simultaneously, when high-temperature superconducting block is in suspension mode of operation, its lift force produced vertically upward, and transmit mainly through high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2 and non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 sidewall, finally act on bottom non-magnetic metallic material skeleton make a concerted effort less, thus not high to non-magnetic metallic material skeleton bottom support requirement of strength, described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton bottom thickness may be selected to be 1mm; When low-temperature (low temperature) vessel overall dimensions is larger, the less meeting of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 bottom thickness causes bending, distortion to a certain extent, therefore can increase some thickness or bracing or strutting arrangement when designing, but thickness is no more than 3mm;
Described low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7, for extending temperature retention time, and when can prevent from acutely shaking, liquid nitrogen leaks; And on lid, reserve air extractor vent 8, in order to the nitrogen of discharge volatilization;
When low-temperature (low temperature) vessel internal cavities volume requirement is lower, described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 sidewall can offer vacuum heat-insulation chamber 9, and cover the super insulating material 4 wrapping up in more heavy thickness, to strengthen the heat-insulating property of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel further in non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 outside;
If desired, increase by one piece of power conductive plate 11 between described holding screw and described high-temperature superconducting block 5, this power conductive plate 11 uses the non-metallic materials such as epoxy resin, to avoid the generation of current vortex;
When non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 sidewall cannot meet support require time, can described without added force conduction auxiliary device 6 in magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is between power conductive plate 11 and low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7, can directly be delivered on car body by the electromagnetic suspension force that high-temperature superconducting block 5 produces by low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7;
Strict occasion is being required to bottom space, the thermal insulating material covering and wrap up in can be utilized direct as bottom support after epoxy resin impregnated process solidifying and setting; When the high-temperature superconducting block in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is in running order, it is stressed be substantially in outside with side vertically upward, and main conduction is on car body, bottom low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, actual loading is very little, therefore the power index of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel bottom support demand fulfillment mainly comes from deadweight when high-temperature superconducting block does not enter mode of operation and liquid nitrogen weight; If utilize the thermal insulating material after solidification directly as bottom support, then low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidepiece and top can be carried out integrated design, but need to increase corresponding movable power conduction device, specifically can see embodiment 2;
The present invention discloses a kind of manufacture method without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel being applicable to high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, it is characterized in that: utilize the non-magnetic metallic material of high strength to build the support frame of whole low-temperature (low temperature) vessel; On the basis of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton, take to cover the technology of wrapping up in, according to different needs, be wound around the super insulating materials such as the silica nanometer hole of different-thickness, to reach the object of heat-insulation and heat-preservation; And take special process to stop current vortex to produce, to meet the requirement of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system high-speed cruising to non-magnetic metallic framework bottom surface;
Described non-magnetic metallic framework 1 adopts paramagnetic metal material, and as red copper, aluminum alloy or corrosion-resistant steel, require its relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1; In the above-mentioned non-magnetic metallic framework course of processing, take Forging Technology, reduce the use of welding process; If need welding, the region that weld is avoided bottom the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel should be made, ensure the relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1 of weld after welding;
Cover in the process of wrapping up at described super insulating material, the high tensile strength fibrous materials such as carbon fiber, glass fibre and graphite fiber can be introduced, adopt the multi-layer braided method be similar in traditional textile industry, be adiabatic layer by thermal insulating material and high tensile strength fibrous material shuffling, improve adiabatic layer self-strength;
Above-mentioned super insulating material covers to be wrapped up in technique and can adopt direct winding, or layering commutation is wound around, specifically should depending on actual use material; If used, there is well heat insulation and lamination coating that is pulling strengrth, also can use weaving, and mixing can be carried out together in conjunction with metal wire rod and weave, to improve its structural strength further;
After above-mentioned adiabatic layer shuffling technique completes, self there is no mechanical support intensity, for the occasion that some needs adiabatic layer to play a supporting role, the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel that such as base thickness is very thin, can take epoxy resin impregnated technique or low temperature glue application process to reach adiabatic layer solidifying and setting object;
When external magnetic field absolute value is lower or irregularity is less, while low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall covers super insulating materials such as wrapping up in silica nanometer hole, vacuum heat-insulation technology can be used, to strengthen low-temperature (low temperature) vessel task performance;
In external magnetic field, absolute value is higher, or external magnetic field irregularity is larger, or magnetic suspension system running velocity high time, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall is taked to the hollow out be similar to bottom low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, the special process process such as etching or braiding, while ensureing vertical and lateral support intensity, reduce the induction electricity eddy current that low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall produces as far as possible;
The special process process concrete grammar that bottom above-mentioned low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, non-magnetic metallic framework is taked comprises sheet metal hollow out, etching or metal wire rod weaving, weakens its adverse effect produced suspension system by the flow region reducing induction electricity eddy current; When using metal wire rod weaving, before braiding, first can carry out the insulator-coating such as zirconia to metal wire rod, connecting to block metal wire rod or laminating the induction electricity eddy current loop that position may occur;
Above-mentioned non-magnetic metallic framework must meet support strength requirement when designing, the side direction restoring force produced when mainly comprising the vertical lift force and occurred level skew that produce when high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is in suspension mode of operation; In embodiment 1,2, Fz and Fx represents vertical lift force and side direction restoring force respectively, adds " Gap " in addition in FIG in order to represent the Effective Suspension height of magnetic suspension train.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and feature are:
1, high-speed cruising is applicable to.Due to the irregularity that tracks of permanent magnetism magnetic field distributes along train working direction, when train high-speed cruising, current vortex can be produced at the non-magnetic metal low temp container bottom of tradition and the induction of sidepiece close region, can have a negative impact to suspension system performance.And the present invention effectively can stop the generation of this current vortex, the performance of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system normal operating level during guarantee high-speed cruising.
2, technology is simple, reliable.Technique is wrapped up in owing to adopting super insulating material to cover, the vacuum heat-insulation technology that the present invention can partly use or not use traditional non-magnetic metal low temp container to adopt, avoid numerous technical barriers such as such as forging and pressing one-shot forming, vacuum seal, chamfering, support strength design, technique is more simple, and performance is more reliable.
3, Applicable scope is wider.The non-magnetic metal low temp container of tradition adopts complex fiber material directly to solidify or configuration, can not revise after mould molding, must new mold when make the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of different size.The present invention does not limit by mould, different size requirement can be met by adjustment metal and thermal insulating material work flow, be applied to flywheel energy storage, during the occasions such as hts magnetic levitation bearing and Micro high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, the present invention due to uniform zoom good, have good practicality equally in small size application scenario, difficulty of processing is lower, and Applicable scope is wider.
In a word, the present invention changes conventional metals low-temperature (low temperature) vessel and adopts vacuum heat-insulation as the method for main heat preservation technology, also compensate for super insulating material not easily configuration simultaneously, the deficiency that support strength is weak, for the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system of high-speed cruising, by bottom special process process, reduce the adverse effect of induction electricity eddy current as much as possible, thus, while guarantee basic work requirement, the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system of high-speed cruising is more suitable for.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is applied to the end face structure schematic diagram of high-temperature superconducting maglev train without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel generalized section;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidepiece and top integrated design schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention offers vacuum heat-insulation chamber schematic diagram without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel skeleton sidewall.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 illustrates, a kind of detailed description of the invention that the present invention is applied to high-temperature superconducting maglev train is: a kind of be applicable under high-speed cruising condition be loaded on shown magnetic suspension train carriage body without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, the propelling linear electric machine being loaded into vehicle bottom is secondary for advancing magnetic-levitation train to advance, be placed in the high-temperature superconducting block in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, tracks of permanent magnetism is all fixed in Infrastructure with the linear electric motor primary of figure.Magnetic suspension train carriage body, without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, linear electric machine is secondary, high-temperature superconducting block figure forms whole magnetic suspension train floating unit, after high-temperature superconducting block enters mode of operation and position, its can stable suspersion on tracks of permanent magnetism.
As Fig. 2, a kind of for high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, comprise non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1, high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange 3, super insulating material 4, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7, air extractor vent 8, is characterized in that, super insulating material 4 covers and is wrapped in non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 outside; Low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7 is connected with non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 and super insulating material 4 by low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange 3, forms a cavity; High-temperature superconducting block 5 is positioned at this cavity inside; Air extractor vent 8 is opened on low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7; The mode that low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange 3 is bolted and magnetic suspension train carriage body are fixed together; Non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 bottom thickness is no more than 3mm;
Described non-magnetic metallic framework 1 adopts paramagnetic metal material, and as red copper, aluminum alloy or corrosion-resistant steel, require its relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1;
The bottom of described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 is through taking the special process process such as hollow out, etching or weaving, the conductive layer of the bottom of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 is divided into zonule, to reduce the flowing space of induction electricity eddy current, hinder or reduce as far as possible the generation of induction electricity eddy current, to eliminate this current vortex at high speeds to the adverse effect that whole magnetic suspension system causes;
Described super insulating material 4 generally adopts silica nanometer Porous materials, plays the effect of heat-insulation and heat-preservation; Covering in the process of wrapping up in, different covering can be adopted to wrap up in technique, as directly winding, layering commutation are wound around or fibrage technique;
Cover in the process of wrapping up at super insulating material, can introduce the high tensile strength fibrous materials such as carbon fiber, glass fibre and graphite fiber, adopting the multi-layer braided method be similar in traditional textile industry, is adiabatic layer by thermal insulating material and high tensile strength fibrous material shuffling.Cover after the process of wrapping up in terminates, adopt epoxy resin impregnated technique to carry out the solidification of adiabatic layer, to improve the structural strength of super insulating material and to make itself and metallic framework fit more closely;
Complex fiber material and the mixed fluent of epoxy resin also can be added in described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1, metallic framework intensity can be improved after it solidifies, to avoid covering in the process of wrapping up in, its deformation be caused to the non-magnetic metallic material skeleton larger stress of generation; Above-mentioned high strength support substance can be made up of materials such as carbon fiber, glass fibre or graphite fibers; After completing and covering and wrap up in, adopt epoxy resin impregnated technique or low temperature glue application process to be cured setting, make super insulating material 4 can closely be wrapped on non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1;
Described high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2 directly uses holding screw to be fixed on inside non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1;
Mainly bear bottom described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 and come from super insulating material 4 and cover the squeese pressure wrapped up in and transmitted by high-temperature superconducting block 5 when produced stress and high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2 carry out fastened by screw, these two power have certain negative function in the vertical direction; Simultaneously, when high-temperature superconducting block is in suspension mode of operation, its lift force produced vertically upward, and transmit mainly through high-temperature superconducting block securing device 2 and non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 sidewall, finally act on bottom non-magnetic metallic material skeleton make a concerted effort less, thus not high to non-magnetic metallic material skeleton bottom support requirement of strength, described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton bottom thickness may be selected to be 1mm; When low-temperature (low temperature) vessel overall dimensions is larger, the less meeting of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 bottom thickness causes bending, distortion to a certain extent, therefore can increase some thickness or bracing or strutting arrangement when designing, but thickness is no more than 3mm;
Described low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7, for extending temperature retention time, and when can prevent from acutely shaking, liquid nitrogen leaks; And on lid, reserve air extractor vent 8, in order to the nitrogen of discharge volatilization;
If desired, increase by one piece of power conductive plate 11 between described holding screw and described high-temperature superconducting block 5, this power conductive plate 11 uses the non-metallic materials such as epoxy resin, to avoid the generation of current vortex;
When non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 sidewall cannot meet support require time, can described without added force conduction auxiliary device 6 in magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is between power conductive plate 11 and low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7, can directly be delivered on car body by the electromagnetic suspension force that high-temperature superconducting block 5 produces by low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid 7;
Strict occasion is being required to bottom space, the thermal insulating material covering and wrap up in can be utilized directly as bottom support; When the high-temperature superconducting block in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is in running order, it is stressed is in outside with side vertically upward substantially, and main conduction is on car body, and bottom low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, actual loading is very little.Therefore the power index of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel bottom support demand fulfillment mainly comes from deadweight when high-temperature superconducting block does not enter mode of operation and liquid nitrogen weight; If utilize the thermal insulating material covering and wrap up in directly as bottom support, then low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidepiece and top can be carried out integrated design, but need to increase corresponding movable power conduction device, specifically can see Fig. 3;
As shown in Figure 4, when low-temperature (low temperature) vessel internal cavities volume requirement is lower, described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 sidewall can offer vacuum heat-insulation chamber 9, and covers the super insulating material 4 wrapping up in more heavy thickness, to strengthen the heat-insulating property of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel further in non-magnetic metallic material skeleton 1 outside.
The present invention discloses a kind of manufacture method without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel for high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, it is characterized in that: utilize the non-magnetic metallic material of high strength to build the support frame of whole low-temperature (low temperature) vessel; On the basis of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton, take to cover the technology of wrapping up in, according to different needs, be wound around the super insulating materials such as the silica nanometer hole of different-thickness, to reach the object of heat-insulation and heat-preservation; And take special process to stop current vortex to produce, to meet the requirement of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system high-speed cruising to non-magnetic metallic framework bottom surface;
Described non-magnetic metallic framework 1 adopts paramagnetic metal material, and as red copper, aluminum alloy or corrosion-resistant steel, require its relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1; In the above-mentioned non-magnetic metallic framework course of processing, take Forging Technology, reduce the use of welding process; If need welding, the region that weld is avoided bottom the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel should be made, ensure the relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1 of weld after welding;
Cover in the process of wrapping up at described super insulating material, the high tensile strength fibrous materials such as carbon fiber, glass fibre and graphite fiber can be introduced, adopt the multi-layer braided method be similar in traditional textile industry, be adiabatic layer by thermal insulating material and high tensile strength fibrous material shuffling, to improve the structural strength of adiabatic layer;
Above-mentioned super insulating material covers to be wrapped up in technique and can adopt direct winding, or layering commutation is wound around, specifically should depending on actual use material.If used, there is well heat insulation and lamination coating that is pulling strengrth, also can use weaving, and mixing can be carried out together in conjunction with metal wire rod and weave, to improve its structural strength further;
After above-mentioned adiabatic layer shuffling technique completes, self there is no mechanical support intensity, for the occasion that some needs adiabatic layer to play a supporting role, the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel that such as base thickness is very thin, can take epoxy resin impregnated technique or low temperature glue application process to reach adiabatic layer solidifying and setting object;
When external magnetic field absolute value is lower or irregularity is less, while low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall covers super insulating materials such as wrapping up in silica nanometer hole, vacuum heat-insulation technology can be used, to strengthen low-temperature (low temperature) vessel task performance;
In external magnetic field, absolute value is higher, or external magnetic field irregularity is larger, or magnetic suspension system running velocity high time, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall is taked to the hollow out be similar to bottom low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, the special process process such as etching or braiding, while ensureing vertical and lateral support intensity, reduce the induction electricity eddy current that low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall produces as far as possible;
The special process process concrete grammar that bottom above-mentioned low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, non-magnetic metallic framework is taked comprises sheet metal hollow out, etching or metal wire rod weaving, weakens its adverse effect produced suspension system by the flow region reducing induction electricity eddy current; When using metal wire rod weaving, before braiding, first can carry out the insulator-coating such as zirconia to metal wire rod, connecting to block metal wire rod or laminating the induction electricity eddy current loop that position may occur;
Above-mentioned non-magnetic metallic framework must meet support strength requirement when designing, the side direction restoring force produced when mainly comprising the vertical lift force and occurred level skew that produce when high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is in suspension mode of operation; In Fig. 2,3,4, Fz and Fx represents vertical lift force and side direction restoring force respectively, adds " Gap " in addition in FIG in order to represent the Effective Suspension height of magnetic suspension train.
Claims (13)
1. one kind be applicable to high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, comprise non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1), high-temperature superconducting block securing device (2), low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange (3), super insulating material (4), low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid (7), air extractor vent (8), it is characterized in that, super insulating material (4) covers and is wrapped in non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) outside; Low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid (7) is connected with non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) and super insulating material (4) by low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange (3), forms a cavity; High-temperature superconducting block (5) is positioned at this cavity inside; Air extractor vent (8) is opened on low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid (7); The mode that low-temperature (low temperature) vessel attachment flange (3) is bolted and magnetic suspension train carriage body are fixed together; Non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) bottom thickness is no more than 3mm; Non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) adopts paramagnetic metal material, its relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1; The conductive layer of the bottom of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1), through taking hollow out, etching or weaving process, is divided into zonule by the bottom of described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1).
2. as claimed in claim 1 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, described super insulating material (4) adopts silica nanometer Porous materials; Covering in the process of wrapping up in, adopting directly winding, layering commutation winding or fibrage technique; Covering in the process of wrapping up at super insulating material, introduce carbon fiber, glass fibre and graphite fiber, adopt the multi-layer braided method in traditional textile industry, is that high-strength thermal insulation layer is used for covering and wraps up in by thermal insulating material and high tensile strength fibrous material shuffling; Cover after having wrapped up in, adopt epoxy resin impregnated technique to carry out the solidification of adiabatic layer, to improve the structural strength of super insulating material.
3. as claimed in claim 2 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, for the magnetic bearing low-temperature (low temperature) vessel that base thickness is very thin, use the high strength shuffling adiabatic layer after epoxy resin cure directly as container bottom, it possesses higher mechanical strength.
4. as claimed in claim 2 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, in described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1), also can add the fluent that filled composite lamination coating and epoxy resin are mixed into, metallic framework intensity can be improved after it solidifies; Described complex fiber material is made up of carbon fiber, glass fibre or graphite fiber; After completing and covering and wrap up in, adopt epoxy resin impregnated technique or low temperature glue application process to be cured setting, super insulating material (4) is closely wrapped on non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1).
5. as claimed in claim 1 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, described high-temperature superconducting block securing device (2) directly uses holding screw to be fixed on non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) inner side.
6. as claimed in claim 1 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton bottom thickness is 1mm ~ 3mm.
7. as claimed in claim 1 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) sidewall can offer vacuum heat-insulation chamber (9), and cover the super insulating material (4) wrapping up in more heavy thickness, to strengthen the heat-insulating property of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel further in non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) outside.
8. as claimed in claim 5 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, between described holding screw and described high-temperature superconducting block (5), increase by one piece of power conductive plate (11), this power conductive plate (11) uses epoxy resin, to avoid the generation of current vortex.
9. as claimed in claim 1 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, described without added force conduction auxiliary device (6) in magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is positioned between power conductive plate (11) and low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid (7), can be directly delivered on car body by low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid (7) by the electromagnetic suspension force that high-temperature superconducting block (5) produces.
10. as claimed in claim 1 without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidepiece and top are carried out integrated design, namely described low-temperature (low temperature) vessel lid (7) and non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) are connected as one.
11. 1 kinds of manufacture methods without magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel being applicable to high-speed cruising high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, is characterized in that: utilize the non-magnetic metallic material of high strength to build the non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) of whole low-temperature (low temperature) vessel; On the basis of non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1), take to cover the technology of wrapping up in, according to different needs, be wound around the silica nanometer Porous materials of different-thickness, reach the object of heat-insulation and heat-preservation; And hollow out, etching or weaving process are taked to non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) bottom surface, stop current vortex to produce, to meet the requirement of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system high-speed cruising.
12., as claimed in claim 11 without the manufacture method of magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, is characterized in that: described non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) adopts paramagnetic metal material, its relative magnetic permeability ≈ 1; Cover in the process of wrapping up at described silica nanometer Porous materials, introduce carbon fiber, glass fibre and graphite fiber, adopting the multi-layer braided method in traditional textile industry, is adiabatic layer by thermal insulating material and high tensile strength fibrous material shuffling, to improve the structural strength of adiabatic layer;
Described silica nanometer Porous materials shuffling is high-strength thermal insulation layer, carries out covering when wrapping up in technique, adopts and is directly wound around, or layering commutation is wound around; Or carry out mixing together in conjunction with metal wire rod and weave, to improve its structural strength further; Described adiabatic layer covers to be wrapped up in after technique completes, and takes epoxy resin impregnated technique or low temperature glue application process to reach solidification setting object, adiabatic layer and non-magnetic metallic material skeleton (1) are fitted more closely.
13. as claimed in claim 12 without the manufacture method of magnetic low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, it is characterized in that: when external magnetic field absolute value is lower or irregularity is less, while low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall covers and wraps up in silica nanometer hole, use vacuum heat-insulation technology, to strengthen low-temperature (low temperature) vessel task performance; In external magnetic field, absolute value is higher, or external magnetic field irregularity is larger, or magnetic suspension system running velocity high time, hollow out bottom low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is taked to low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall, etching or weaving process, while ensureing vertical and lateral support intensity, reduce the induction electricity eddy current that low-temperature (low temperature) vessel sidewall produces as far as possible.
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| CN107393676A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-11-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of superconductor cooling structure for super-conductive magnetic suspension measuring micro-thrust system |
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