CN203228655U - Compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system - Google Patents
Compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for a high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system. The compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system comprises a main magnetic gathering pole which is formed by a plurality of ferromagnetic materials, a permanent magnetic opposed combination which is formed by a plurality of permanent magnets and a permanent magnetic guiding combination which is formed by a plurality of permanent magnets. The compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system is characterized in that a main magnetic circuit or main magnetic energy of a permanent magnetic guide rail is gathered and spread to space through the main magnetic gathering pole and the high magnetic conductivity is beneficial to suppression of the vertical magnetic field gradient; the mutual repulsion effect between magnetic poles of the permanent magnets of the permanent magnetic opposed combination is utilized to produce strong magnetic pressure; the permanent magnetic guiding combination plays roles of auxiliary magnetic gathering and magnetic circuit guiding and the own magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets of the permanent magnetic guiding combination is utilized to enable magnetic energy of the permanent magnets to be guided and spread to the upper surface and the above area of the permanent magnetic guide rail. The compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system has the advantages of significantly improving the using efficiency of a permanent magnetic guide rail magnetic field based on the condition that the magnetic field intensity of a magnetic suspension system is ensured, meanwhile effectively smoothing the vertical magnetic field gradient caused by self-errors or defects of the permanent magnets and ensuring the security and stability of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system during the high-speed and ultra-high speed operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, relates to a kind of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism that is applicable to the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system.
Background technology
Compare with electrodynamics suspension (EDS) technology with the electromagnetic suspension (EMS) based on electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic induction repulsion respectively, the permanent current that the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology relies on the electromagnetic induction effect between high-temperature superconducting block and the external magnetic field excitation to produce is realized stable suspension certainly, need not ACTIVE CONTROL, simple in structure, principle is reliable, the ideal that becomes practical magnetic levitation technology one of is selected, at high-speed rail transportation, extensive electromagnetism energy storage technology, electromagnetic launch and emission, many applications such as magnetic suspension bearing have broad application prospects, the low energy consumption that it possesses, high reliability, many advantages such as pollution-free also make its ideal that becomes development green energy resource industry one of select.
High-temperature superconducting maglev train is the representative that the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology is used in field of track traffic, because it has overcome the viscous friction power of wheel rail system, and need not the supply of ACTIVE CONTROL or extra power and can realize stable suspersion and guiding, eliminated the magnetic-levitation traffic system that adopts active control technology at a high speed or the control response Time Delay that may exist under the hyper-speed running state, thus be at a high speed or the ideal of hyper-speed Rail Transit System select.In the end of the year 2000, manned high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation laboratory vehicle " new century edition " indicates that in Chinese Chengdu Success in Experiment the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology is in the important breakthrough of track traffic application.
In high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, need external magnetic driving source and high-temperature superconducting block combined action induction to produce and keep the necessary permanent current of stable suspersion.Compare with electromagnet, having high energy product and strong coercitive permanent magnet is the optimal selection that produces this external magnetic driving source under the prior art condition, it not only has high-energy-density, volume required littler under the prerequisite that same external magnetic field excitation energy is provided, weight is lighter, effectively minimizing system takes up room and weight, and need not to introduce energy resource supply device and ventilation heat abstractor, having saved a large amount of relevant devices drops into, reduce the complexity of system, improved safety and the serviceability of system.
Because the specific (special) requirements of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, the external magnetic field that permanent magnet provides encourages need satisfy at certain specific direction has high magnetic field intensity and field gradient, then need the specific (special) requirements satisfying no field gradient and possess the highfield degree of uniformity at another specific direction, thereby can not only rely on the monolithic permanent magnet that this magnetic field excitation is provided, and need introduce special permanent magnetism unitized construction, the splicing of polylith permanent magnet is assembled, constitute a permanent magnet mechanism of finishing, when being applied to levitated superconducting magnet train, be referred to as permanent magnetic guideway usually.
The high-temperature superconducting maglev train permanent magnetic guideway that extensively adopts is iron concentrated magnetic structure at present, namely utilize the strong magnetic pressure of the opposed combination results of the opposite permanent magnet of the direction of magnetization, assemble magnetic field and the magnetic line of force guiding of the opposed combination of permanent magnet is dissipated into the work area of high-temperature superconducting block with ferromagnetic material, its typical structure and Distribution of Magnetic Field are as shown in Figure 1.The magnetic field that permanent magnetic guideway provides not only needs to have high field gradient, so that high-temperature superconducting block produces bigger vertical lift force, simultaneously also need to have high magnetic-field intensity, in order to can produce bigger horizontal restoring force during high-temperature superconducting block generation side travel.Employed this permanent magnet mechanism of manned high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation laboratory vehicle " new century edition " is guide rail form, and has obtained at present using widely in whole world homogeneous system.It should be noted that, permanent magnetic guideway shown in Figure 1 has three poly-magnet, poly-magnet is main poly-magnetic pole wherein, its effect of bearing is with the magnetic line of force gathering and diffuses to higher area of space, the poly-magnet in the left and right sides is auxiliary poly-magnetic pole, the effect that its magnetic line of force of mainly main poly-magnetic pole being dispersed plays gathering, reclaims is so that faster, more concentrated the entering in two horizontally-opposed permanent magnet magnetic circuits shown in Figure 1 of magnetic line of force reduces the invalid space of dispersing of magnetic energy.Under some non-essential situation, can omit the auxiliary poly-magnet of the left and right sides, it can't cause obvious influence to the main magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic guideway.
In actual use, because the permanent magnet of producing is bulk material, and be subjected to material structure intensity, factor affecting such as the space of magnetizing, self physical dimension has the certain-length restriction, therefore two horizontally-opposed permanent magnets that constitute permanent magnetic guideway shown in Figure 1 are along the longitudinal direction, and namely the working direction of the Superconducting Maglev Train page orientation of (namely perpendicular to this specification sheets) is made up of the permanent magnets of segmentation.Be example with nd-fe-b (NdFeB) magnet, its longitudinal length is generally 80-100mm, and therefore one section long permanent magnetic guideway of 1m will comprise the permanent magnet segments about 10-12 usually.
So many permanent magnet segments certainly exists certain error when producing, processing and assembling, therefore can cause field gradient at the longitudinal direction of permanent magnetic guideway.When high-temperature superconducting block is suspended in the permanent magnetic guideway top and moves fast along the longitudinal direction, this field gradient can cause the flux motion of high-temperature superconducting block inside and cause loss, reduce the performance of superconducting magnetic suspension system, speed is more fast, its influence is more remarkable, may cause the partial failure of high-temperature superconducting block inside when serious, directly threaten the safety performance of system.In addition, even if under the low cruise occasion, if this field gradient is bigger, also can cause remarkable interference to the smooth running of superconducting magnetic suspension system, influence operation stability and the traveling comfort of magnetic suspension system.
Traditional permanent magnetic guideway shown in Figure 1 is owing to adopt poly-magnet as main poly-magnetic pole, rely on the permeability height of poly-magnet, can greatly suppress because the field gradient that segmentation permanent magnets error is brought influences, so the permanent magnetic guideway of the type relatively is suitable for the superconducting magnetic suspension system of high-speed cruising.Traditional permanent magnetic guideway shown in Figure 1 adopts ferromagnetic material as main poly-magnetic pole, and two horizontally-opposed permanent magnets produce magnetic pressure, and main magnetic circuit is guided by ferromagnetic material, so the type permanent magnet mechanism can be called as the iron concentrated magnetic.
The unfavorable factor that existing iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway exists is that its magnetic field energy availability is lower.Assemble magnetic field owing to use ferromagnetic material, and the opposed combination of permanent magnet itself does not have the function of magnetic circuit guiding, therefore its Distribution of Magnetic Field has laterally zygomorphic characteristics, and namely the divergent magnetic field of its upper surface and lower surface is in full accord, shown in Distribution of Magnetic Field computing value among Fig. 2.Because permanent magnetic guideway not only will provide the external magnetic field excitation for high-temperature superconducting block, it also will play the weight-bearing function of rail in similar traditional wheel track traffic simultaneously, namely need to carry high-temperature superconducting maglev train and passenger's total weight, and permanent-magnet material itself is a kind of functional material, its structural strength and mechanical pressure resistance are less, thereby it must rationally be positioned on the load-bearing basis, plays effect rather than the power carrying effect of power conduction.Under the prior art condition, the permanent magnetic guideway lower surface need be connected with basic load bearing component, therefore only has the magnetic field energy of upper surface can supply the utilization of high temperature superelevation bulk, and whole magnetic energy utilization rate is low, causes the permanent magnetic guideway structural redundancy, has increased its cost.
For high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, high-speed cruising is its maximum engineering application advantage, therefore, press for to find and a kind ofly be applicable to that the permanent magnetic guideway under the high-speed cruising condition optimizes structure or method, its index that mainly needs to satisfy has two aspects: promote the permanent magnet magnetic energy utilization ratio 1.---namely under the prerequisite that does not change the guide rail profile factor, mode by the distribution of magnetic material function or combination, most of magnetic storage energy of permanent magnet is guided to upper surface and the above space of guide rail, to improve the work efficiency of suspension system; 2. stabilize longitudinal magnetic field gradient---namely reduce or eliminate by permanent magnets difference or assembly error cause vertically, namely along the field gradient of magnetic-levitation train working direction, to guarantee superconducting magnetic suspension system traveling comfort and safety under the high-speed cruising condition.
Groundwork of the present invention can be divided into two parts: 1. the magnetic field guiding---the direction of magnetization of utilizing permanent-magnet material self to have reaches the purpose that guiding magnetic field is dispersed.Permanent-magnet material just can be realized the orderly arrangement of magnetic domain through disposable magnetizing, thereby possess the direction of magnetization after the production and processing moulding, and be permanent the existence under the situation in this direction of magnetization reinforcement reverse (moving back) magnetic field outside not having.Compare with ferromagnetic material, permanent-magnet material not only can play the effect in magnetic field excitation source in magnetic circuit, simultaneously also can utilize its direction of magnetization, i.e. the no divergence characteristic of static magnetic field and the closed loop distribution characteristics of magnetic line of force realize the guide function of magnetic circuit.2. longitudinal magnetic field gradient is stabilized---and utilize the high magnetic permeability feature of ferromagnetic material, stabilize or eliminate the longitudinal magnetic field gradient that causes owing to factors such as permanent magnets difference or assembly errors and fluctuate.Compared to permanent-magnet material, the permeability of ferromagnetic material is wanted high several magnitude, therefore extremely strong to the congregation of magnetic line of force, can stabilize because the longitudinal magnetic field gradient that the error that permanent magnets may occur in the process of processing, magnetize and assembling or defective are brought guarantees stability and the safety of magnetic suspension system high-speed cruising.The present invention is except adopting ferromagnetic material as the main poly-magnetic pole, also use the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet to carry out the magnetic circuit guiding, these guiding permanent magnets play the effect of auxiliary poly-magnetic in magnetic circuit, for being different from the traditional type permanent magnetic guideway, permanent magnet mechanism of the present invention can be referred to as " iron-permanent magnetism composite magnetic gathering ", or is called for short " composite magnetic gathering " type.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention: a kind of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism that is applicable to the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system is provided, make this permanent magnet mechanism not only the magnetic storage energy of permanent-magnet material be diffused to certain spatial areas effectively, being beneficial to high-temperature superconducting block uses, can also stabilize along the field gradient of the vertical service direction of superconduction block material simultaneously, thereby the dependent loss of superconduction block material inside under the reduction high-speed cruising guarantees the stable performance of magnetic floating system high-speed cruising.
Technical scheme: a kind of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism that is applicable to the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system, comprise the poly-magnetic pole of the master that formed by the several piece ferromagnetic material, the opposed combination of permanent magnetism that is formed by the several piece permanent magnet, and led by the permanent magnetism that the several piece permanent magnet forms and to make up, it is characterized in that
Main poly-magnetic poleThe main magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic guideway or main magnetic energy are assembled and to space divergence, is beneficial to suppress longitudinal magnetic field gradient, guarantee that the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system high speed performance is stable; The opposed combination utilization of the described permanent magnetism wherein mutual repulsion effect between the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet produces strong magnetic pressure; Described permanent magnetism guiding make up to assist gathers magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding function, and the direction of magnetization of utilizing permanent magnet self wherein to possess is dissipated into guide rail upper surface and above zone with permanent magnet magnetic energy, for the high-temperature superconducting block utilization;
Preferably, the poly-magnetic pole of described master is made of ferromagnetic material 2; The opposed combination of described permanent magnetism is made up of the 4th permanent magnet 4, the 5th permanent magnet 5, produces strong magnetic pressure; The combination of described permanent magnetism guiding is made up of first permanent magnet 1, the 3rd permanent magnet 3, and it plays auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding function, and permanent magnet magnetic energy is dissipated into guide rail upper surface and above zone; First permanent magnet 1, the 4th permanent magnet 4, ferromagnetic material 2, the 5th permanent magnet 5, the 3rd permanent magnet 3 closely connect successively;
Perhaps, the poly-magnetic pole of described master is made up of the 6th ferromagnetic material 6 and the 7th ferromagnetic material 7; The opposed combination of described permanent magnetism is made up of the 8th permanent magnet 8, the nine permanent magnets 9 and the tenth permanent magnet 10, for generation of strong magnetic pressure; The combination of described permanent magnetism guiding is made up of the 11 permanent magnet 11 and the 12 permanent magnet 12, plays the effect of auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding, and permanent magnet magnetic energy is guided to guide rail upper surface and above zone; The 8th permanent magnet 8, the 11 permanent magnet 11, the 9th permanent magnet 9, the 12 permanent magnet 12 and the tenth permanent magnet 10 closely link into an integrated entity, its direction of magnetization is followed successively by 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree, 360 degree (0 degree), closes circulation thereby constituted a complete space vector sine.
Described permanent magnet is selected high coercive permanent-magnetic material for use as far as possible, with the permanent-magnet material demagnetization phenomenon of avoiding may causing more by force owing to local gathering magnetic field, and according to the actual use occasion choose reasonable permanent-magnet material trade mark;
In actual design,, calculate and experimental verification the dimension scale of the combination of choose reasonable permanent magnetism guiding and the opposed combination of permanent magnetism in conjunction with design requirement and permanent-magnet material self-characteristic by the numerical analysis simulative optimization; Avoid narrow or thin excessively permanent magnet to appear in this permanent magnet mechanism, to evade the permanent magnet demagnetization phenomenon that may occur;
Described permanent magnet uses accurate line cutting or other high precision job operation as far as possible when machine-shaping, to reduce the profile error that permanent-magnet material causes owing to processing; After the machine-shaping, the surface is carried out zinc-plated or other protective treatment, to avoid permanent-magnet material to be corroded the generation oxidation by moisture or to be corroded by other chemical substance;
Described permanent magnet is chosen same batch permanent-magnet material as far as possible, with the permanent magnetic material performance fluctuation of avoiding being caused owing to raw MAT'L difference; The magnetic energy product error should be less than 2%, in order to avoid because the irregularity of the longitudinal magnetic field that magnetic energy product difference causes between different permanent magnets;
Permanent magnet makes up via solid and reliable mode and fixing in the described permanent magnet mechanism, in order to avoid the loosening of permanent magnet occur and come off; When carrying out the permanent-magnet material combination and installing, the magnetic force that takes into full account between permanent-magnet material distributes, to evade in installation process owing to attracting each other or repelling the permanent magnet that is caused and damage;
In the described permanent magnet mechanism with divergent magnetic field to the magnetic circuit of work area opposite to magnetic circuit in ferromagnetic material can not appear, to avoid because magnetic circuit short circuit and magnetic field can't be diffused to the work area of appointment.
Advantage of the present utility model and beneficial effect:
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model and characteristics are:
1, composite magnetic gathering, the magnetic circuit directivity is clear and definite.Tradition permanent magnetic guideway employing ferromagnetic material is as main poly-magnetic pole, and ferromagnetic material itself does not have the direction of magnetization, can not play guiding function in magnetic circuit, and therefore the Distribution of Magnetic Field of traditional permanent magnetic guideway is symmetrical up and down, only has surface area magnetic energy to be utilized.The present invention utilizes permanent magnet self to possess the characteristic of the direction of magnetization, permanent magnet is gathered the channeling conduct of pole pair main magnetic circuit as assisting, the laterally zygomorphic magnetic field structure of the permanent magnetic guideway that breaks traditions, make the magnetic circuit of permanent magnetic guideway have clear and definite directivity, magnetic energy can be guided to space or the position of required arrival, thereby can be utilized by the outside better.
2, effectively promote superconducting suspension system high-speed cruising performance.The present invention is by special magnetic Circuit Design, the most of magnetic energy of permanent magnet superconduction block material can be concentrated on and the zone can be utilized, simultaneously, main poly-magnetic pole adopts ferromagnetic material, can effectively stabilize because the longitudinal magnetic field gradient that permanent magnets self-defect or error cause, therefore not only can remedy the lower deficiency of conventional iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway magnetic energy utilization efficient, high-speed cruising fugitiveness and loss problem that common full permanent magnet combination brings can be also remedied, high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system performance can be fundamentally promoted.
3, structure is changeable, and expansibility is good.The present invention adopts the method for ferromagnetic material and permanent magnet compound guiding magnetic circuit, in conjunction with different permanent magnet combination and arrangement modes, not only can carry out horizontal direction, the geometric ratio that is the magnet width is expanded, also can effectively guarantee the intensity in magnetic field and disperse height, satisfy the actual requirement of maglev train system, the present invention's adjustable parameter on the permanent magnetism unitized construction is more, can be according to the demand of real system and superconduction block material, change permanent magnetism combination size, ratio, poly-magnet width, the position is waited to adjust and is satisfied the real work requirement, adapts to the high-temperature superconducting block arrangement mode and is in optimum Working to guarantee superconducting magnetic suspension system.
In a word, the utility model proposes a kind of novel permanent magnetic mechanism that is applicable to the high-speed cruising superconducting magnetic suspension system, utilize ferromagnetic material as main poly-magnetic pole, and the direction of magnetization of utilizing permanent magnet is carried out the magnetic circuit guiding, on the basis that guarantees magnetic suspension system magnetic-field intensity demand, can significantly improve the utilization ratio in permanent magnetic guideway magnetic field.Simultaneously, effectively stabilize because the longitudinal magnetic field gradient that permanent magnet self error or defective cause guarantees safety and the stability of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system when high speed, hyper-speed operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway mechanism, wherein:
A. ferromagnetic material, the b. permanent magnet;
Fig. 2 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field scheme drawing of conventional iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway mechanism;
Fig. 3 is the end face structure scheme drawing that conventional iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway mechanism is applied to high-temperature superconducting maglev train, wherein:
C. magnetic suspension train car body, the vehicle-mounted low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of d. and high-temperature superconducting block, e. advances with linear electric machine secondary, and the f. linear electric machine is elementary, g. conventional iron concentrated magnetic tracks of permanent magnetism, h. load-bearing Infrastructure;
Fig. 4 is the birds-eye view of conventional iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structure design generalized section of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism for implementing example one;
Fig. 6 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field scheme drawing of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism for implementing example one;
Fig. 7 is that the Distribution of Magnetic Field A-A collimation method of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism for implementing example one is to the magnetic field value scheme drawing;
Fig. 8 is composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism for implementing example two structure design generalized sections;
Fig. 9 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field scheme drawing of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism for implementing example two;
Figure 10 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field B-B line magnetic field value scheme drawing of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism for implementing example two.
The specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show structural representation and the Distribution of Magnetic Field scheme drawing thereof of conventional iron concentrated magnetic permanent magnetic guideway mechanism, as can be seen, assemble magnetic field owing to use ferromagnetic material, and the opposed combination of permanent magnetism itself does not have the magnetic circuit guide function, therefore its Distribution of Magnetic Field has laterally zygomorphic characteristics, the divergent magnetic field that is its upper surface and lower surface is in full accord, under prior art condition and permanent-magnet material characteristic background, the permanent magnetic guideway lower surface need be connected with basic load bearing component, therefore only there is the magnetic field energy of upper surface can supply the utilization of high temperature superelevation bulk, whole magnetic energy utilization rate is low, causes the permanent magnetic guideway structural redundancy, has increased its cost.
Fig. 3 illustrates, a kind of specific embodiment that the present invention is applied to high-temperature superconducting maglev train is: be installed on the load-bearing basis in order to the permanent magnetic guideway of the required external magnetic field of high-temperature superconducting maglev train smooth operation excitation to be provided, it adopts conventional iron concentrated magnetic structure shown in Figure 1.Comprise the high-temperature superconducting maglev train car body among the figure, the propelling that is loaded into the car body bottom is secondary with linear electric machine, vehicle-mounted low-temperature (low temperature) vessel and be placed in high-temperature superconducting block in the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, and linear electric machine is elementary, itself and permanent magnetic guideway all are fixed on the load-bearing Infrastructure.Vehicle-mounted high-temperature superconducting block and permanent magnetic guideway produce the bearing force keep the high-temperature superconducting maglev train stable suspersion by electromagnetic coupled, and when laterally offset appears in magnetic suspension train the horizontal restoring force of generation, guarantee its lateral stability.High-temperature superconducting maglev train under linear motor system promotes, can be realized at a high speed or hyper-velocity smooth operation under suspended state.
Fig. 4 is the birds-eye view of permanent magnetic guideway among Fig. 3, because permanent magnets self has limitation of length, therefore along the magnetic-levitation train working direction, namely the permanent magnetic guideway Y-direction is the long permanent magnetic guideway that is combined to form by the multistage permanent magnets among Fig. 3.Since each permanent magnets of permanent magnetic guideway shown in the composition diagram 3 material person's character, production, cut, magnetize and process such as installation in there are differences therefore and can cause permanent magnetic guideway to have the certain magnetic field gradient along Y-direction.For high-temperature superconducting maglev train or operating unit, need that permanent magnetic guideway does not have field gradient along Y-direction shown in Fig. 3, namely be similar to the needed level and smooth without hindrance rail of common wheel track traffic, if field gradient is arranged, then can impact high-temperature superconducting maglev train, being similar to has crack or concavo-convex on the rail.When running velocity was higher, the influence of permanent magnetic guideway Y-direction field gradient was particularly evident, therefore must be stabilized.
Fig. 5 illustrates, and the present invention adopts ferromagnetic material as main poly-magnetic pole, and permanent magnet in this structure, uses ferrimagnetism and permanent-magnet material to disperse the utmost point as magnetic field as a kind of typical structure section of auxiliary poly-magnetic pole guiding magnetic circuit simultaneously.4,5 for constituting the permanent magnet of the opposed combination of permanent magnetism among the figure, produces strong magnetic pressure, and 1,3 for constituting the permanent magnet of permanent magnetism guiding combination among the figure, and it plays auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding function, permanent magnet magnetic energy is dissipated into the effect in guide rail upper surface zone; 2 is the ferromagnetic material that the poly-magnetic pole of this permanent magnet mechanism master adopts among the figure.This embodiment utilizes the magnetic steering effect of permanent magnet shown in 1,3 among the figure, has changed the laterally zygomorphic magnetic structure of 2,4,5 scripts that constitute among the figure, makes whole permanent magnet mechanism most of magnetic energy can be gathered upper surface and above zone.
Fig. 6 shows that the surface area magnetic-field intensity of the permanent magnetic guideway of embodiment one shows that apparently higher than lower surface area this guide rail permanent magnetism makes up the effect of having brought into play the magnetic circuit guiding really.Compare with permanent magnetic guideway with the existing high-temperature superconducting maglev train that only uses the ferromagnetic material divergent magnetic field, its upper surface magnetic field utilization ratio can improve 20-30%.Only contain a poly-magnet among the embodiment one, so its normal direction Distribution of Magnetic Field presents unimodal feature, as shown in Figure 7.At poly-magnet place, the normal direction magnetic field value maximum of guide rail shows that ferromagnetic material has played the effect that assemble in magnetic field herein.
Embodiment one adopts ferromagnetic material as main poly-magnetic pole, can utilize the high magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic material to suppress because the magnetic field bump of permanent magnetic guideway Y-direction shown in the Fig. 3 that causes in permanent-magnet material processing, assembling and the permanent magnet mechanism installation process.The magnetic field bump of permanent magnetic guideway Y-direction is in some application scenario among Fig. 3, under the hyper-speed running state, may and cause flux motion at high-temperature superconducting block inner generation current vortex, produce loss and heat, reduce the suspension system performance, the heat of accumulating when serious even may cause the inner partial failure of high-temperature superconducting block directly threatens the safety of suspension system.Therefore, embodiment one is a kind of being applicable at a high speed or the efficient permanent magnet guide rail mechanism of the high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system under the hyper-speed condition of service.
Fig. 8 illustrates, and the present invention adopts ferromagnetic material as main poly-magnetic pole, and permanent magnet is as another typical structure section of auxiliary poly-magnetic pole guiding magnetic circuit.Compare with embodiment one, the distinguishing feature of embodiment two is to have two iron to gather magnetic pole, shown among the figure 6 and 7; 5 permanent magnets of embodiment two, namely the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet shown in 8,11,9,12 and 10 is followed successively by 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree, 360 degree (0 degree) among the figure, closes circulation thereby constituted a complete space vector sine.In 5 permanent magnets, the opposed combination permanent magnet of permanent magnetism shown in 8,9 and 10 is for generation of strong magnetic pressure; 11 and 12 for permanent magnetism guiding combination permanent magnet, plays the effect of auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding, and permanent magnet magnetic energy is guided to the guide rail upper surface zone.Fig. 9 shows that the surface area magnetic field of embodiment two permanent magnetic guideway obviously is better than lower surface area, shows that guiding magnet has played the purpose of magnetic circuit guiding.
Because 5 permanent magnet magnetization directions differ 90 degree successively among the embodiment two, so its normal direction magnetic field value presents tangible sinusoidal feature, as shown in figure 10.As seen, poly-magnet place magnetic field method is maximum to value, shows that ferromagnetic material has played congregation to magnetic field herein among Figure 10.Identical with embodiment one, poly-magnet can suppress permanent magnetic guideway longitudinal direction field gradient equally among the embodiment two, guarantees that the superconducting magnetic levita system high-speed is stable.In addition, the sinusoidal structured in normal direction magnetic field also helps to promote the lateral stability of high temperature magnetic suspension system among the embodiment two, guarantees the side direction safety of suspension system high-speed cruising.
No matter be embodiment one or embodiment two, through rational size adjusting or uniform zoom, be converted to axis coordinate system from plane coordinate system after, be equally applicable to small size or axisymmetric applications occasions such as hts magnetic levitation bearing, magnetic clutch.
Claims (3)
1. composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism that is applicable to the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system, comprise the poly-magnetic pole of the master who is formed by the several piece ferromagnetic material, the opposed combination of permanent magnetism that is formed by the several piece permanent magnet, and the permanent magnetism that is formed by several piece permanent magnet guiding combination, the master gathers the main magnetic circuit of pole pair permanent magnetic guideway or main magnetic energy assembles and to space divergence, its high magnetic permeability is conducive to suppress longitudinal magnetic field gradient; The opposed combination utilization of the described permanent magnetism wherein mutual repulsion effect between the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet produces strong magnetic pressure; Described permanent magnetism guiding make up auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding function, and the direction of magnetization of utilizing permanent magnet self wherein to possess guides permanent magnet magnetic energy to be dissipated into guide rail upper surface and above zone, is convenient to utilization, it is characterized in that,
The poly-magnetic pole of described master is made of ferromagnetic material (2); The opposed combination of described permanent magnetism is made up of the 4th permanent magnet (4), the 5th permanent magnet (5), produces strong magnetic pressure; The combination of described permanent magnetism guiding is made up of first permanent magnet (1), the 3rd permanent magnet (3), and it plays auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding function, and permanent magnet magnetic energy is dissipated into guide rail upper surface and above zone; First permanent magnet (1), the 4th permanent magnet (4), ferromagnetic material (2), the 5th permanent magnet (5), the 3rd permanent magnet (3) closely connect successively.
2. composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism that is applicable to the high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system, comprise the poly-magnetic pole of the master who is formed by the several piece ferromagnetic material, the opposed combination of permanent magnetism that is formed by the several piece permanent magnet, and the permanent magnetism that is formed by several piece permanent magnet guiding combination, the master gathers the main magnetic circuit of pole pair permanent magnetic guideway or main magnetic energy assembles and to space divergence, its high magnetic permeability is conducive to suppress longitudinal magnetic field gradient; The opposed combination utilization of the described permanent magnetism wherein mutual repulsion effect between the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet produces strong magnetic pressure; Described permanent magnetism guiding has made up auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding function, the direction of magnetization of utilizing permanent magnet self wherein to possess, the permanent magnet magnetic energy guiding is dissipated into guide rail upper surface and above zone, be convenient to utilize, it is characterized in that the poly-magnetic pole of described master is made up of the 6th ferromagnetic material (6) and the 7th ferromagnetic material (7); The opposed combination of described permanent magnetism is by the 8th permanent magnet (8), and the 9th permanent magnet (9) and the tenth permanent magnet (10) are formed, for generation of strong magnetic pressure; The combination of described permanent magnetism guiding is made up of the 11 permanent magnet (11) and the 12 permanent magnet (12), plays the effect of auxiliary poly-magnetic and magnetic circuit guiding, and permanent magnet magnetic energy is guided to guide rail upper surface and above zone; The 8th permanent magnet (8), the 11 permanent magnet (11), the 9th permanent magnet (9), the 12 permanent magnet (12) and the tenth permanent magnet (10) closely link into an integrated entity, its direction of magnetization is followed successively by 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree, 360 degree (0 degree), closes circulation thereby constituted a complete space vector sine.
3. according to the described composite magnetic gathering type of arbitrary claim permanent magnetic guideway mechanism among the claim 1-2, it is characterized in that described each permanent magnet makes up with fixing via solid and reliable mode.
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| CN 201320105863 CN203228655U (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system |
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| CN 201320105863 CN203228655U (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Compound magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guide rail mechanism suitable for high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103144547A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-06-12 | 北京宇航世纪超导技术有限公司 | Composite magnetism gathering type permanent magnet guide rail mechanism applicable to high-speed superconductivity magnetic suspension system |
| CN105882450A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-08-24 | 陈德荣 | Hydraulic permanent magnetic levitation rail traffic system |
| CN106828184A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-13 | 西南交通大学 | The high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle that slotless permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor drives |
| CN106926743A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-07 | 西南交通大学 | Eddy current retarder and magnetically supported vehicle |
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2013
- 2013-03-08 CN CN 201320105863 patent/CN203228655U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103144547A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-06-12 | 北京宇航世纪超导技术有限公司 | Composite magnetism gathering type permanent magnet guide rail mechanism applicable to high-speed superconductivity magnetic suspension system |
| CN103144547B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-02-24 | 北京宇航世纪超导技术有限公司 | A kind of composite magnetic gathering type permanent magnetic guideway mechanism being applicable to high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension system |
| CN105882450A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-08-24 | 陈德荣 | Hydraulic permanent magnetic levitation rail traffic system |
| CN106828184A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-13 | 西南交通大学 | The high temperature superconductor magnetic levitation vehicle that slotless permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor drives |
| CN106926743A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-07 | 西南交通大学 | Eddy current retarder and magnetically supported vehicle |
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