CN209357342U - A kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform - Google Patents
A kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN209357342U CN209357342U CN201821916957.0U CN201821916957U CN209357342U CN 209357342 U CN209357342 U CN 209357342U CN 201821916957 U CN201821916957 U CN 201821916957U CN 209357342 U CN209357342 U CN 209357342U
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- flue gas
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001062009 Indigofera Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002315 pressor effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 flue gas compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform, and the die body including simulating underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel docks with die body and generate the burner and flue gas imaging system of flue gas；The flue gas imaging system includes the image recorder of laser light sheet and record smoke distribution image；The laser light sheet is to be arranged in multiple in the die body, and the planar laser of laser light sheet transmitting is parallel with the flow direction of the flue gas；Described image recording equipment be with the laser light sheet it is multiple correspondingly, be arranged in outside the die body observation window；Corresponding a pair of laser light sheet and image recorder, respectively come with the optical filter for filtering out the laser of phase co-wavelength.This underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform, which can be convenient, makes a search to the lateral sprawling feature of flue gas, especially suitable for simulating the fire of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to fire test technical fields, more particularly to the fire of a kind of pair of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel
The device of flue gas diffusion property progress simulated experiment.
Background technique
As Urbanization in China is accelerated, population over-saturation, current pressure is increasing, and traffic congestion has become numerous
The outstanding problem that city faces.The development and utilization underground space is the important measure alleviating traffic pressure, economizing the land resource, underground
Important pivot of the traffic ALT-CH alternate channel as connection urban three-dimensional transportation network network, is just gradually widely applied.Due to underground sky
Between structure closure, when fire occurs, smoke evacuation with radiating condition is poor, temperature height, poison gas will be accumulated rapidly, be seriously affected
Evacuating personnel and rescue easily cause the dead group's wound of group, generate severe social influence, or even cause the public to underground space safety
The query of property.Therefore, design reasonable underground space ventilation smoke extraction system, determine reasonable smoke control system operation reserve for
It prevents and reduces natural disasters and is of great significance.
Underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel usually connects a plurality of service channel by open section and forms, compared to conventional tunnel or underground
The structures such as garage, interior flue gas spread condition is increasingly complex, and smoke controlling difficulty also accordingly increases, and is embodied in: 1) due to
Fabric connectivity, two interact to draft, and open section flow field structure is difficult to determine；2) blower quantity is more, and distribution is opened
Combination is more.3) fire scenario is more various.
Existing domestic and international related specifications are only with one-dimensional it is assumed that the smoke control system for conventional tunnel has carried out provision
Regulation, and for underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel, it there is no specific aim provision requirement, this is only capable of design side according to existing " highway
Ventilation Design for Tunnels detailed rules and regulations " (JTG/T D70/2-02-2014) calculate underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel occur fire when required airflow
With critical wind velocity, due to the particularity of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel structure, in current specifications the applicability of clause at present there are still
Query.Therefore, it needs for Characteristics of Fire Smoke Movement expansion research in underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel, is the security against fire of similar engineering
Design provides reference.
Scale model is built according to similarity criterion, by smoke movement track in observation scale model, to practical fire item
Smoke movement carries out the common method that situation inverting is Study of The Underground space structure fire smoke sprawling rule, Chinese science and technology under part
The units such as university, Beijing University of Technology are mentioned according to the typical fire scenarios feature such as city tunnel, subway tunnel, subway platform respectively
Corresponding proportional model test method is gone out.
But due to the particularity of structure, having method employed in patent not can be used directly in underground traffic turn
It changes in the fire test in channel.For example, single application No. is being used only in 201610814674.4 Chinese utility model patent
Sheet laser is observed and records to flue gas structure.And in underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel, since section has significant width shallow
Feature, in addition to longitudinal, flue gas will also have significant laterally sprawling feature, and the single smoke movement track that is sliced can not represent in it
Flue gas diffusion property, and influence can be blocked mutually again if simply combined multiple sheet lasers, between each sectioning image, nothing
Method directly records and observation.
Utility model content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is flat to provide a kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment for the utility model
Platform can be convenient and make a search to the lateral sprawling feature of flue gas, especially suitable for simulating the fire of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel.
A kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform, the model master including simulating underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel
Body docks with die body and generates the burner and flue gas imaging system of flue gas；The flue gas imaging system includes laser
The image recorder of sheet laser and record smoke distribution image；The laser light sheet is to be arranged in the die body
Multiple, the planar laser of the laser light sheet transmitting is parallel with the flow direction of the flue gas；Described image recording equipment is
It is multiple correspondingly with the laser light sheet, it is arranged in outside the die body observation window；Corresponding a pair of laser piece
Light source and image recorder respectively come with the optical filter for filtering out the laser of phase co-wavelength.
Underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel refers to realize traffic three-dimensional, meets the passage demand in underground road network and garage, and
A plurality of service channel and garage inlet and outlet connection are formed by the shallow underground space of width in particular section.
Under fire scenario, the movement of flue gas can be summarized as both direction in underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel: first is that handing over along underground
The length direction flowing of logical ALT-CH alternate channel, i.e. the flowing of air intake to air outlet slit, this is the Main way of smoke movement,
It is the flow direction of above-mentioned flue gas；Second is that along the diffusion of section, due to the shallow feature of width of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel section, edge
The diffusion motion of section also can not be ignored.
Laser light sheet itself is the prior art, can be to avoid laser sheet optical by the arrangement of above multiple laser light sheets
Influencing each other between the laser that source is emitted, so that each image recorder be made to obtain clearly image.One
Laser light sheet and an image recorder are a combination, the sectioning image of an available flue gas profile, the slice
It is parallel with the flow direction of the flue gas；One group of slice being parallel to each other can reflect out flue gas transversely (perpendicular to the cigarette
The flow direction of gas) or longitudinal (perpendicular to the flow direction of the flue gas) diffusion property.
Optionally, the die body is cavity structure, the size of the die body be practical underground engineering 1/9~
1/6。
Geometric similarity is the premise of kinematic similitude, while also needing to consider dynamic similarity, i.e., should synchronize than ruler test model full
Sufficient buoyancy is similar, resistance is similar.When the geometric similarity of main structure and Practical Project is more too small than ruler, test result by environment because
Element and equipment precision are affected, such as when test platform geometric similarity is than ruler λLWhen < 1/15, according to the similar quasi- side Fo Luode,
Speed can be obtained than ruler λu=λL 0.5< 0.258, on the one hand, to meet test measurement demand, then Instrument measuring precision should be not less than
0.1·λu≈0.025m/s；On the other hand, to avoid environment from influencing, experiment indoor environment disturbance wind speed should also be required to be not more than
The numerical value.Obviously, this requires experiment condition excessively stringent, is not easy to implement.In addition, realize that resistance is similar to be synchronous, chamber
Internal air-flow should be at turbulent flow fully developed zone, and Reynolds number answers > 2.3 × 10 in cavity at this time4.Work as λLWhen < 1/10, to make mould
Flowing meets the abundant development condition of turbulent flow, flow velocity in cavityThe reality of modeling at this time
Border engineering flow velocity >=3.5m/s.In view of in Practical Project air velocity usually within the scope of 1.5m/s~3.5m/s, it is seen then that when
λLWhen too small, the practical applicability of scale model will be greatly reduced.According to measured data, when geometric similarity is not less than 1/9 than ruler
When, that is, it may make test macro robustness with higher, meanwhile, under the geometric proportion ruler, commonly use under tunnel ventilation velocity conditions,
Test model platform interior air-flow can meet resistance condition of similarity in from mould zone state.In addition, if geometric similarity is greater than than ruler
1/6, then fire source power is excessively high in scale model, will increase and tests risk, such as when geometric similarity is 1/5 than ruler, simulation
Needed for 5MW fire behavior than ruler fire source power be 90kW, in laboratory be difficult to control so high-power fire source, easily lead to reality
Test accident.Therefore, in the utility model, the geometric similarity of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel test model and Practical Project is preferably controlled than ruler
System is between 1/9~1/6.
Optionally, the die body include for the air duct of fresh air and flow of flue gas and the mould walls for surrounding air duct, it is described
Mould walls are equipped with multiple air interfaces.
Optionally, the underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform further includes accessing leading to for the die body
Wind smoke evacuation system；The ventilation smoke extraction system includes covering sequentially connected frequency conversion fan, drainage pipe and jet nozzle more；Frequency conversion
The fresh air that blower generates is flowed out through drainage pipe from jet nozzle, and fresh air accesses the gas interface through the jet nozzle.
The jet stream pressor effect in Tunnel Ventilation System can be simulated by the jet nozzle, by adjusting the frequency conversion
The working frequency of blower realizes the adjusting of wind speed.
With the above arrangement, note can be observed to the three-dimensional character of fire smoke under different ventilation scheme operating conditions
Record.
Optionally, the die body includes opening wide segment unit, and the both ends for opening wide segment unit are connected with by corrugated flexible hose
Service channel unit is connected with the jack for adjusting the gradient of service channel unit on the service channel unit.
By changing the gradient of the adjustable service channel unit of jack, with the above arrangement, can be to different contacts
The three-dimensional character of fire smoke is observed record under the road gradient.
Optionally, the side wall of the service channel unit is equipped with the first reserved opening.
The turnout track of simulation underground garage can be accessed by the first reserved opening, also embeddable flame resistant glass is as observation window
Mouthful.
Optionally, the side wall of the unlimited segment unit is equipped with the second reserved opening.
The air velocity transducer, pressure sensor and temperature sensor of the prior art can be accessed by the second reserved opening.
Optionally, the bottom of the unlimited segment unit and the service channel unit is equipped with third reserved opening, passes through third
The reserved opening access burner.
With the above arrangement, record can be observed to the three-dimensional character of fire smoke under different fire locations.
Optionally, the underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform further includes the fuel for accessing the burner
Supply module and air supply module.
Optionally, the air supply module includes the air compressor for being connected to air delivery pipe road in turn, decompression
Valve, pressure gauge and gas flowmeter.
Optionally, the fuel supply module includes gaseous fuel supply module and liquid fuel supply module, gas combustion
Expect that supply module includes the fuel cartridge being connected in turn on gaseous fuel transfer pipeline, pressure reducing valve, pressure gauge and gas flowmeter.
Liquid fuel supply module include the air compressor being sequentially connected on liquid fuel within transfer pipeline, pressure reducing valve, pressure gauge and
Combustion liquid bottle equipped with liquid fuel, air bring the steam of liquid fuel into liquid fuel transfer pipeline by combustion liquid bottle；It is described
Air supply module is directly accessed the burner, and the gaseous fuel supply module and the liquid fuel supply module are logical
Cross burner described in one of them access of three-way valve selection.
With the above arrangement, record can be observed to the three-dimensional character of fire smoke under different fire source powers.
Optionally, the quality representation liquid fuel stream by liquid fuel in measurement combustion liquid bottle is equipped with below the combustion liquid bottle
The electronic balance of amount.
The flow that the fuel is controlled by the decompression valve regulation bleed pressure, passes through the matter of observation electronic balance record
Quantitative change rate records the flow of the fuel.When provided air capacity deficiency, the problem of will lead to burn incompletely；Work as sky
When tolerance is excessive, the gas flow entered in reaction environment from fire source also increases, and will generate to local flow field unpredictable
Remodeling effect.Therefore, suitable fuel, AIR Proportional are controlled, is the important method for guaranteeing analog result validity.
Preferably, the fuel and air mixing mixes in the following proportions:
Methane gas: air is 1L:5.5~6L；Or
Liquefied gas: air is 1L:13.5~15L；Or
Liquid ethanol: air is 1g:3.8~4.5L；Or
Liquid normal heptane: air is 1g:6.7~8L；Or
Liquid polyurethane: air is 1g:1.4~1.8L.
Optionally, the burner is vertically arranged cavity structure, from top to bottom successively includes mixing chamber and rectification room；
The lower part of the mixing chamber is equipped with gas inlet and air inlet, and the gas formed after combustion gas and air mixing is gaseous mixture
Body；The top of the rectification room is equipped with the gas outlet for accessing the cavity inside of the die body.
When fuel is gaseous state combustible, the combustion gas refers to fuel itself；It is described when fuel is liquid combustible
Combustion gas refer to the steam of liquid fuel and the mixture of air.Herein, all gas that can generate flue gas by burning is equal
It can be described as combustion gas.
To make the structure of fire model simulated experiment be able to reflect the truth of practical project fire accident, one of them
Important factor for controlling is the full combustion of fuel.
Existing fire test platform, due to narrow space, degree of closure is high, generally existing benefit deficiency in draught, fuel without
The problem of method is uniform, abundant, stabilization is burnt.Burning unevenly will so that flame status is difficult to control, this for flame forms with
The quantitative observation of smoke movement rule is totally unfavorable；And the calorific value that burn incompletely will lead to fuel can not discharge completely,
And then the smoke movement severe degree observed under experimental condition is caused to be weaker than natural fire scene；In addition, unstable reaction
Condition also will lead to burning flue gas particle particle diameter distribution disorder generated, be unfavorable for improving image quality.
Using the above structure, it mixes fuel and air first to burn again, fuel is passed through by direct different from the prior art
The burning of die body inner edge mixing side, can make the burning of fuel more abundant, therefore the consumption of fuel can more reflect flue gas
Yield.In addition, being additionally favorable for control flame forms and generating to stablize flue gas, to keep analog result more accurate.
Optionally, it is equipped with and is arranged in juxtaposition and identical upper and lower two layers of the circulating line of shape in the cavity of the mixing chamber, institute
Stating circulating line is the toroidal cavity structure that rectangular section circumferentially rotates formation, including concentric inner sidewall and lateral wall；Two
The lateral wall of circulating line is docked with the gas inlet and air inlet respectively, and the inner sidewall of two circulating lines is equipped with
Multiple outgassing micropores.
Combustion gas and air are discharged from outgassing micropore, multiple small turbulent flows can be formed, be conducive to combustion gas and air
Be sufficiently mixed, and that improves the mixed gas goes out stream uniformity, in addition airintake direction and outgassing direction are vertically arranged,
Flame forms can be made to keep relative stability, the convenient record to flue gas diffusion profiles.
Optionally, the cross section of the mixing chamber is square, and the lateral wall of the circulating line and the mixing chamber
Inner wall it is tangent, the side length w of the square1Meet following relationship with the flow Q of the mixed gas:
In formula, w1Unit be m, the unit of Q is m3/h。
Optionally, the internal diameter R of the circulating line2With outer diameter R1Meet following relationship:
0.6R1≤R2≤0.8R1；
The height h of the mixing chamber1With the internal diameter R of the circulating line2Meet following relationship:
h1≥8R2；
Interval S between upper and lower two layers of circulating line0Meet following relationship:
h1-S1-S2-0.2<S0<h1-S1-S2-0.1；
In formula, S1For the height of upper layer circulating line, S2For the height of lower layer's circulating line, S1And S2Unit be m；
The percent opening n of the inner sidewall0Meet following relationship:
Optionally, from top to bottom successively including being prismatoid and cuboid, the gas outlet is located at rectangular for the rectification room
The top surface of body, the upper bottom of the prismatoid are the square docked with the mixing chamber, the bottom of the prismatoid be with it is described
The rectangle of cuboid docking；Arc flow distribution plate is equipped between the upper bottom and bottom of the prismatoid；The cuboid is in height
The middle part in direction is equipped with the horizontal equal drift net of level-one, and the gas outlet is equipped with the horizontal equal drift net of second level；
The two of them side of the prismatoid and horizontal plane, other two side angle with horizontal plane be 10 °~
45°；
The corresponding central angle of arc flow distribution plate is 5 °~8 °；
The lower end of arc flow distribution plate and the angle of horizontal plane is 67.5 °~80 °；
The surface of arc flow distribution plate is arc surface, which refers to arc surface in the section of lower end and the angle of horizontal plane.
Spacing between the equal drift net of the level-one and arc flow distribution plate is 100mm~150mm；
The percent opening of the equal drift net of level-one is 25%~40%, and aperture is 4mm~6mm.
Optionally, the distance between the equal drift net of the level-one and the equal drift net of second level h4Meet following relationship:
In formula, n and r0The percent opening and aperture radius of the respectively described equal drift net of level-one, r0And h4Unit be mm；
The equal drift net percent opening n ' of second level meets following relationship:
In formula, Q is the flow of the mixed gas, unit m3/s；A is the area of the rectangular top of the cuboid,
Unit is m2。
With the above arrangement, constant burning condition can be provided, it is ensured that the calorific value of fuel sufficiently discharges, and solves and does not fill
Fire source power caused by divided combustion and fuel consumption can not be corresponding problem, while the flue gas generated that burns have it is more steady
Fixed Size Distribution can effectively improve the reliability and observability of test result.
Optionally, the multiple laser light sheet is arranged in two separate ranks in the die body, respectively along the model master
The width direction and short transverse of body；Each column laser light sheet includes the laser light sheet that 2~5 spacing are less than 0.3m.
The quantity of each column laser light sheet can not achieve three-dimensional observation, the number of each column laser light sheet when being less than 2
It when amount is greater than 5, is excited spectral width and optical filter wavelength resolution limits, the laser of different laser light sheet transmittings can be mutually dry
It disturbs, influences image quality.
Flue gas reaches the space scale that sufficient turbulent flow state needs to be not less than 0.3m in model test, by above
The turbulent flow development process that flow of flue gas can be observed is set.
Optionally, the flue gas ratio that the wavelength X for the laser of the laser light sheet launched and the fuel combustion generate
Surface area feature partial size D meets following relationship:
π·D32- 10 < λ < π D32+10
In formula, the unit of λ and D are nm.
The working principle of the flue gas imaging system are as follows: when light passes through smog, will be sent out under the action of flue gas particle
Raw scattering, scattering is so that on the non-former direction of propagation energy redistribution occurs for light, to all directions centered on smoke particle
Radiating scattering light, scattering light are received by image recording structure and are imaged, and then complete observation and the record of flue gas particle motion profile.
The imaging effect of the flue gas imaging system has direct correlation with scattered light intensity, the experimental results showed that,
The scattered light intensity laser wavelength lambda that mainly laser is emitted by sheet laser and smog reference area characteristic diameter D32It influences.?
Meet λ=π D32When scattered light intensity it is best, imaging effect is preferable.Specifically, common fuel is abundant, stablizes burning Shi Suosheng
It is as shown in the table at the peak diameter range and the laser wavelength that is recommended to use of flue gas:
| Fuel type | Peak diameter/nm | 28 type of sheet laser | Wavelength distribution/nm |
| Ethyl alcohol | 80~120 | Argon gas laser (indigo plant) | 488±10 |
| Methane | 60~80 | Argon gas laser (indigo plant) | 488±10 |
| Liquefied gas | 80~100 | Argon gas laser (indigo plant) | 488±10 |
| Normal heptane | 200~250 | Helium laser (red) | 633±10 |
| Polyurethane | 170~210 | Helium laser (green) | 543±10 |
The utility model provides a kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform, has filled up domestic underground and has handed over
The technological gap of logical ALT-CH alternate channel field scale model experimental provision, can carry out different fire locations, fire source power, connecting taxiway slope
The test of the smoke diffusion of degree and ventilation scheme operating condition, meanwhile, the three-dimensional character of flue gas laterally spread can be observed
Record.
In addition, this underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform also has the advantage that
1) reduced scale is designed according to fluid similarity principle, is mutually fitted with the specific occasion of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel
It answers；
2) result that experiment simulation obtains is adjusted and is flowed with pressure according to principle of hydrodynamics closer to actual conditions
Amount is assigned as means, and design may make combustion gas to mix well with air simultaneously the burner for uniformly, stablizing burning, thus by burning
Abundant degree is improved to 98% or more, while combustion product being made to have constant, controllable particle diameter distribution；
3) test data is acquired using temperature, speed, pressure-measuring system, design can show flue gas compound movement
The 3-D imaging system of feature records fire smoke situation, thus for fire in Study of The Underground traffic conversion platform
Flue gas diffusion property lays the foundation, and provides foundation for relevant smoke evacuation tobacco control conceptual design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform；
Fig. 2 is the main view of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of a column laser light sheet and correspondence image recording equipment；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of burner and feeder；
Fig. 5 is the appearance schematic diagram of burner；
Fig. 6 is burner internal structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the flue gas sectioning image obtained at fire source in an embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the flue gas sectioning image obtained at observation window in an embodiment；
Fig. 9 is in an embodiment far from the flue gas sectioning image obtained at observation window；
Figure 10 is the flue gas sectioning image obtained using the prior art；
Figure 11 is partial size relative concentration distribution when ethyl alcohol burns in different burners；
Figure 12 is calorific value variation when ethyl alcohol burns in different burners.
The reference numerals are as follows in figure: 1, die body；11, segment unit is opened wide；12, corrugated flexible hose；13, service channel
Unit；14, jack；15, fixed-hinged support；16, the first reserved opening；17, the second reserved opening；18, third reserved opening；19, gas
Body interface；2, burner；22, mixing chamber；221, gas inlet；222, air inlet；223, circulating line；2231, on
The height of layer circulating line；2232, the height of lower layer's circulating line；224, outgassing micropore；23, room is rectified；231, prismatoid；
232, cuboid；233, gas outlet；234, arc flow distribution plate；235, the equal drift net of level-one；236, the equal drift net of second level；31, laser piece
Light source；32, image recorder；33, optical filter；4, ventilation smoke extraction system；41, frequency conversion fan；42, drainage pipe；43, jet stream
Nozzle；5, air compressor；6, pressure reducing valve；7, pressure gauge；8, gas flowmeter；9, fuel cartridge；10, liquid bottle is fired；101, electronics
Balance；21, three-way valve.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
It clearly and completely describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only the utility model a part of the embodiment, rather than whole realities
Apply example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art institute without making creative work
The every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that when component be referred to as with another component " connection " when, it can directly with another component
It connects or there may also be components placed in the middle.When a component is considered as " being set to " another component, it be can be directly
It connects and is arranged on another component or may be simultaneously present component placed in the middle.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein are led with the technology for belonging to the utility model
The normally understood meaning of the technical staff in domain is identical.Terminology used in the description of the utility model herein only be
The purpose of description specific embodiment is not to be to limit the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, a kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform, including simulation underground traffic turn
The die body 1 for changing channel docks with die body 1 and generates the burner 2 and flue gas imaging system of flue gas；Flue gas at
As system includes the image recorder 32 of laser light sheet 31 and record smoke distribution image；Laser light sheet 31 is to be arranged in
Multiple in die body 1, the planar laser that laser light sheet 31 emits is parallel with the flow direction of flue gas；Image recorder
32 be it is one-to-one multiple with laser light sheet 31, be arranged in die body 1；Corresponding a pair of 31 He of laser light sheet
Image recorder 32 respectively comes with the optical filter 33 for filtering out the laser of phase co-wavelength.
Between the laser that can be emitted by the arrangement of above multiple laser light sheets 31 to avoid laser light sheet 31
It influences each other, so that each image recorder 32 be made to obtain clearly image.One laser light sheet 31 and an image note
Recording apparatus 32 is a combination, the sectioning image of an available flue gas profile, flow direction (such as figure of the slice and flue gas
Arrow direction in 1) it is parallel；One group of slice being parallel to each other can reflect out flue gas transversely (perpendicular to the flowing of flue gas
Direction) or longitudinal (perpendicular to the flow direction of flue gas) diffusion property.
On the basis of arrangement above, in other embodiments, along the one column laser light sheet group of lateral arrangement, respectively
Be arranged at fire source, at the observation window and far from observation window, obtain the sectioning image of one group of flue gas profile, respectively as Fig. 7,
Shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9.If not using technology described in the utility model, only three laser light sheet settings then will in corresponding position
It observes the phenomenon that flue gas profile as shown in Figure 10 is stacked with, compares Figure 10, sectioning image group obtained by device after improvement
It can more reflect the truth of different location flue gas profile.
In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, die body 1 is cavity structure, the size of die body be practically under
The 1/9~1/6 of engineering.Die body 1 includes opening wide segment unit 11, and the both ends for opening wide segment unit 11 are connected by corrugated flexible hose 12
There is service channel unit 13, the jack 14 for the gradient for adjusting service channel unit 13 is connected on service channel unit 13 and consolidates
Determine hinged-support 15.The side wall of service channel unit 13 is equipped with the first reserved opening 16, can access simulation by the first reserved opening 16
The turnout track of underground garage, also embeddable flame resistant glass is as observation window.The side wall for opening wide segment unit 11 is equipped with second and reserves
Mouth 17.The air velocity transducer 111, pressure sensor 112 and temperature sensing of the prior art can be accessed by the second reserved opening 17
Device 113.The bottom for opening wide segment unit 11 and service channel unit is equipped with third reserved opening 18, is accessed and is fired by third reserved opening 18
Burner 2.
In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, die body 1 includes for the air duct of fresh air and flow of flue gas and surrounding wind
The mould walls in road, mould walls are equipped with multiple air interfaces 19.Underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform further includes
The ventilation smoke extraction system 4 of access model main body 1；Ventilation smoke extraction system 4 includes covering sequentially connected frequency conversion fan 41, drainage tube more
Road 42 and jet nozzle 43；The fresh air that frequency conversion fan 41 generates is flowed out through drainage pipe 42 from jet nozzle 43, and fresh air is through jet stream
Nozzle 43 accesses gas interface 19.Jet nozzle 43 is mounted on the top of the mould walls of service channel unit 13, can simulate tunnel
Jet stream pressor effect in road longitudinal exhausting system can realize the tune of fresh air wind speed by adjusting the working frequency of frequency conversion fan 41
Section.
In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, multiple laser light sheets 31 are arranged in two separate ranks in die body 1,
Respectively along the width direction and short transverse of die body 1；Each column laser light sheet 31 includes that 2~5 spacing are less than 0.3m
Laser light sheet 31.The flue gas peak diameter D that the wave λ long for the laser of laser light sheet 31 launched and fuel combustion generate
Meet π D-10 < λ < π D+10；In formula, the unit of λ and D are nm.
In order to facilitate the supply of control measurement fuel, in other embodiments, as shown in figure 4, underground traffic conversion is logical
Road fire simulation experiment platform further includes the fuel supply module and air supply module for accessing burner 2.Air supply module
Air compressor 5, pressure reducing valve 6, pressure gauge 7 and gas flowmeter 8 including being connected to air delivery pipe road in turn.Fuel supplies
Answering module includes gaseous fuel supply module and liquid fuel supply module.
Gaseous fuel supply module includes the fuel cartridge 9 being connected in turn on gaseous fuel transfer pipeline, pressure reducing valve 6, pressure
Power table 7 and gas flowmeter 8.Liquid fuel supply module includes the air compression being sequentially connected on liquid fuel within transfer pipeline
Machine 5, pressure reducing valve 6, pressure gauge 7 and the combustion liquid bottle 10 equipped with liquid fuel are fired and are equipped with below liquid bottle 10 through measurement combustion liquid bottle 10
The electronic balance 101 of the quality representation liquid fuel flow of middle liquid fuel.Air is by firing liquid bottle 10 for the steaming of liquid fuel
Vapour brings liquid fuel transfer pipeline into；Air supply module is directly accessed burner 2, gaseous fuel supply module and liquid fuel
Supply module passes through one of them access burner 2 of the selection of three-way valve 21.
It through the above arrangement can be to the transverse direction of flue gas in the underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel with obvious wide shallow characteristic
Sprawling feature does 3-D image observation.In order to allow the fire and smoke spread characteristic in observation result and the true scene of a fire more closely, making to simulate
The result of experiment has more directive significance, further can make improvement to existing flue gas generating system.
In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, burner 2 is vertically arranged cavity structure, from top to bottom successively
Including mixing chamber 22 and rectification room 23；The lower part of mixing chamber 22 be equipped with gas inlet 221 and air inlet 222, combustion gas and
The gas formed after air mixing is mixed gas；The top of room 23 is rectified equipped with the outlet of the cavity inside of access model main body
Mouth 233.
It is equipped with and is arranged in juxtaposition and identical upper and lower two layers of the circulating line 223 of shape in the cavity of mixing chamber 22, circulating line
223 circumferentially rotate the toroidal cavity structure of formation for rectangular section, including concentric inner sidewall and lateral wall；Two circulating lines
Lateral wall docked respectively with gas inlet and air inlet, the inner sidewall of two circulating lines is equipped with multiple outgassing micropores
224。
Rectifying room 23 is from top to bottom prismatoid 231 and cuboid 232 according to including, and gas outlet 233 is located at the top of cuboid
Face, the upper bottom of prismatoid 231 are the square docked with mixing chamber 22, and the bottom of prismatoid 231 is to dock with cuboid 232
Rectangle；Arc flow distribution plate 234 is equipped between the upper bottom and bottom of prismatoid 231；Cuboid 232 is set in the middle part of short transverse
There is the equal drift net 235 of horizontal level-one, gas outlet 233 is equipped with the horizontal equal drift net 236 of second level.
In other embodiments, the cross section of mixing chamber 22 is square, and the lateral wall and mixing chamber of circulating line 223
22 inner wall is tangent, square side length w1Meet following relationship with the flow Q of mixed gas:
In formula, w1Unit be m, the unit of Q is m3/h。
The internal diameter R of circulating line 2232With outer diameter R1Meet following relationship:
0.6R1≤R2≤0.8R1；
The height h of mixing chamber 221With the internal diameter R of circulating line 2232Meet following relationship:
h1≥8R2；
Interval S between upper and lower two layers of circulating line 2230Meet following relationship:
h1-S1-S2-0.2<S0<h1-S1-S2-0.1；
In formula, S1For the height 2231, S of upper layer circulating line2For the height 2232, S of lower layer's circulating line1And S2List
Position is m；
The percent opening n of inner sidewall0Meet following relationship:
The two of them side of prismatoid 231 and horizontal plane, other two side angle with horizontal plane θ be 10 °~
45°；
The corresponding central angle of arc flow distribution plate 234 is 5 °~8 °；
The lower end of arc flow distribution plate 234 and the angle of horizontal plane are 67.5 °~80 °；
Spacing between the equal drift net 235 of level-one and arc flow distribution plate 234 is 100mm~150mm；
The percent opening n of the equal drift net 235 of level-one is 25%~40%, and aperture is 4mm~6mm.
The distance between the equal drift net 235 of level-one and the equal drift net 236 of second level h4Meet following relationship:
In formula, n and r0The respectively percent opening and aperture radius of the equal drift net of level-one, r0And h4Unit be mm；
The percent opening n ' of the equal drift net 236 of second level meets following relationship:
In formula, Q is the flow of mixed gas, unit m3/s；A is the area of the rectangular top of cuboid 232, and unit is
m2。
In other embodiments, the length for opening wide segment unit 11 is 11.6m, width 4.5m, is highly 0.83m, contact
The length of channel unit 13 is 3.7m.Combustion gas is that liquid ethanol and air are mixed to get in the ratio of 1g:4L, is mixed in mixing chamber 22
The flow for closing gas is 17.47m3/ s, square side length are 0.1m, and the internal diameter of circulating line 223 is 0.06m, mixing chamber 22
Height be 0.5m, the spacing between upper and lower two layers of circulating line 223 is 0.015m, the percent opening of 223 inner sidewall of circulating line
It is 1.5%, the corresponding central angle of arc flow distribution plate is 7 °, and the lower end of arc flow distribution plate 234 and the angle of horizontal plane are 75 °, one
Spacing of the grade between drift net 235 and arc flow distribution plate 234 is 120mm, and the percent opening of the equal drift net 235 of level-one is 30%, aperture
For 5mm, the distance between the equal drift net 235 of level-one and the equal drift net 236 of second level are 0.15m, and the percent opening of the equal drift net 236 of second level is
5%.The distribution of the flue gas partial size relative concentration obtained using the above burner is as shown in figure 11, and the calorific value of release changes over time
As shown in figure 12, relatively existing burner, the flue gas partial size that this burner generates is more unified and releases that fuel value sufficiently
It puts.The data of fire disaster simulation are carried out closer to true value using the present apparatus.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not present
Contradiction all should be considered as described in this specification.
Above-described embodiments merely represent several embodiments of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed,
But it cannot be understood as the limitations to utility model patent range.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are belonged to
The protection scope of the utility model.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the utility model patent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform, the model master including simulating underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel
Body docks with die body and generates the burner and flue gas imaging system of flue gas；The flue gas imaging system includes laser
The image recorder of sheet laser and record smoke distribution image；It is characterized by:
The laser light sheet be arranged in it is multiple in the die body, the planar laser of laser light sheet transmitting with
The flow direction of the flue gas is parallel；
Described image recording equipment be with the laser light sheet it is multiple correspondingly, be arranged in the die body observation window
Outside；
Corresponding a pair of laser light sheet and image recorder, respectively come with the optical filter for filtering out the laser of phase co-wavelength.
2. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the model master
Body is cavity structure, and the size of the die body is the 1/9~1/6 of practical underground engineering.
3. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the burner
It from top to bottom successively include mixing chamber and rectification room for vertically arranged cavity structure；The lower part of the mixing chamber is equipped with combustion gas
The gas formed after air inlet and air inlet, combustion gas and air mixing is mixed gas；The top of the rectification room is equipped with
Access the gas outlet of the cavity inside of the die body.
4. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the mixing chamber
Cavity in be equipped with and be arranged in juxtaposition and identical upper and lower two layers of the circulating line of shape, the circulating line is rectangular section around circle
The toroidal cavity structure that Zhou Xuanzhuan is formed, including concentric inner sidewall and lateral wall；The lateral wall of two circulating lines respectively with institute
Gas inlet and air inlet docking are stated, the inner sidewall of two circulating lines is equipped with multiple outgassing micropores.
5. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the mixing chamber
Cross section be square, and the lateral wall of the circulating line and the inner wall of the mixing chamber are tangent, the side of the square
Long w1Meet following relationship with the flow Q of the mixed gas:
In formula, w1Unit be m, the unit of Q is m3/h。
6. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the ring pipe
The internal diameter R in road2With outer diameter R1Meet following relationship:
0.6R1≤R2≤0.8R1；
The height h of the mixing chamber1With the internal diameter R of the circulating line2Meet following relationship:
h1≥8R2；
Interval S between upper and lower two layers of circulating line0Meet following relationship:
h1-S1-S2-0.2<S0<h1-S1-S2-0.1；
In formula, S1For the height of upper layer circulating line, S2For the height of lower layer's circulating line, S1And S2Unit be m；
The percent opening n of the inner sidewall0Meet following relationship:
7. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the rectification room
It from top to bottom successively include prismatoid and cuboid, the gas outlet is located at the top surface of cuboid, and the upper bottom of the prismatoid is
The square docked with the mixing chamber, the bottom of the prismatoid are the rectangle docked with the cuboid；It is described trapezoidal
Arc flow distribution plate is equipped between the upper bottom and bottom of body；The cuboid is equipped with horizontal level-one at the middle part of short transverse and flows
Net, the gas outlet are equipped with the horizontal equal drift net of second level；
The two of them side of the prismatoid and horizontal plane, other two side angle with horizontal plane are 10 °~45 °；
The corresponding central angle of arc flow distribution plate is 5 °~8 °；
The lower end of arc flow distribution plate and the angle of horizontal plane is 67.5 °~80 °；
Spacing between the equal drift net of the level-one and arc flow distribution plate is 100mm~150mm；
The percent opening of the equal drift net of level-one is 25%~40%, and aperture is 4mm~6mm.
8. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the level-one
Equal the distance between drift net and the equal drift net of second level h4Meet following relationship:
In formula, n and r0The percent opening and aperture radius of the respectively described equal drift net of level-one, r0And h4Unit be mm；
The equal drift net percent opening n ' of second level meets following relationship:
In formula, Q is the flow of the mixed gas, unit m3/s；A is the area of the rectangular top of the cuboid, and unit is
m2。
9. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the multiple to swash
Mating plate light source is arranged in two separate ranks in the die body, respectively along the width direction and short transverse of the die body；Often
One column laser light sheet includes the laser light sheet that 2~5 spacing are less than 0.3m.
10. underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser
The wavelength X for the laser of sheet laser launched and the specific surface area characteristic diameter D of the flue gas32Meet following relationship:
π·D32- 10 < λ < π D32+10
In formula, the unit of λ and D are nm.
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| CN201821916957.0U CN209357342U (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | A kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109712501A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-05-03 | 浙江大学 | A kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform |
| CN114783265A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-07-22 | 温州大学 | Underground structure secondary fire simulation test device based on vibrating table simulation earthquake load |
-
2018
- 2018-11-21 CN CN201821916957.0U patent/CN209357342U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109712501A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-05-03 | 浙江大学 | A kind of underground traffic ALT-CH alternate channel fire simulation experiment platform |
| WO2020103618A1 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-28 | 浙江大学 | Fire simulation experiment platform for underground traffic conversion passage |
| US11798432B2 (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2023-10-24 | Zhejiang University | Experiment platform for simulating fire in underground traffic conversion channel |
| CN109712501B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-02-02 | 浙江大学 | Underground traffic conversion channel fire simulation experiment platform |
| CN114783265A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-07-22 | 温州大学 | Underground structure secondary fire simulation test device based on vibrating table simulation earthquake load |
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