CN209342212U - An online calibration and testing system for boiler main steam flowmeter - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统，包括数据采集单元、无线传输单元和数据处理单元，数据采集单元获取包括锅炉炉膛燃烧温度、锅炉水位、锅炉燃气流量、锅炉给水温度和压力及流量、锅炉排污水温度和流量、主蒸汽流量计的蒸汽温度和压力及流量在内的基础数据，无线传输单元将基础数据传输到数据处理单元，数据处理单元对无线传输单元传送的基础数据进行数字校正后根据质量平衡法算出主蒸汽流量的计算值并与流量计示值进行比对且在误差超出设定限值范围时进行报警提示，并获得综合流量比例系数实时对主蒸汽流量计示值进行校核修正。本申请能满足工业现场快速对主蒸汽流量计的准确性进行判断和在线校核，实现蒸汽流量准确计量。
The utility model provides an online checking and testing system for a main steam flowmeter of a boiler, which includes a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmission unit and a data processing unit. The basic data including pressure and flow, temperature and flow of boiler blowdown water, steam temperature, pressure and flow of the main steam flowmeter, the wireless transmission unit transmits the basic data to the data processing unit, and the data processing unit transmits the data to the wireless transmission unit. After the basic data is digitally corrected, the calculated value of the main steam flow is calculated according to the mass balance method and compared with the indicated value of the flowmeter. When the error exceeds the set limit range, an alarm will be issued, and the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient will be obtained in real time. Check and correct the flowmeter indication. The application can meet the requirement of quickly judging and online checking the accuracy of the main steam flowmeter on the industrial site, so as to realize accurate measurement of the steam flow.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及计量技术领域，具体涉及一种锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to an online checking and testing system for a main steam flowmeter of a boiler.
背景技术Background technique
蒸汽作为一种重要的二次能源，是热能的重要载体，不仅可直接参与生产过程的化学反应，还可以利用其热能产生能量或做功。由于蒸汽具有清洁环保、能效高、可传输等特点，已被广泛用于工业生产和人民的日常生活当中。工业蒸汽常用的工作压力为0.26～9.80MPa，温度为150～500℃。根据状态不同，蒸汽可分为过热蒸汽、饱和蒸汽和湿蒸汽三类。由于蒸汽状态复杂和其独特的物理特性使得蒸汽流量计量工作存在一定的难度。因此，提高蒸汽计量的准确度，获取准确可靠的流量数据，加强蒸汽计量管理，对我国合理利用蒸汽资源，促进节能降耗有着非常重要的意义。As an important secondary energy source, steam is an important carrier of heat energy. It can not only directly participate in the chemical reactions in the production process, but also use its heat energy to generate energy or do work. Steam has been widely used in industrial production and people's daily life due to its characteristics of cleanness, environmental protection, high energy efficiency, and transportability. The commonly used working pressure of industrial steam is 0.26~9.80MPa, and the temperature is 150~500℃. According to different states, steam can be divided into three categories: superheated steam, saturated steam and wet steam. Due to the complex state of steam and its unique physical characteristics, it is difficult to measure steam flow. Therefore, improving the accuracy of steam metering, obtaining accurate and reliable flow data, and strengthening steam metering management are of great significance to the rational use of steam resources in my country and the promotion of energy saving and consumption reduction.
蒸汽流量计主要针对物理状态确定的蒸汽流量进行计量，当工况(温度、压力)发生变化时，有可能因为相变带来计量误差，特别是对于湿蒸汽，常常存在测不准的问题。蒸汽计量的准确可靠不仅能准确反映用户能耗、监控热能系统的运行状况，且能为实现热能的合理分配，热力系统的最佳运行，耗能设备进行能耗测评和蒸汽用能的节能降耗改造提供可靠的技术依据，而且也是保证蒸汽贸易结算公平公正的基础。The steam flowmeter mainly measures the steam flow determined by the physical state. When the working conditions (temperature, pressure) change, there may be measurement errors due to phase changes, especially for wet steam, which often has the problem of inaccuracy. Accurate and reliable steam metering can not only accurately reflect the user's energy consumption and monitor the operation status of the thermal energy system, but also can realize the reasonable distribution of thermal energy, the optimal operation of the thermal system, the energy consumption evaluation of energy-consuming equipment and the energy saving and reduction of steam energy consumption. It provides a reliable technical basis for energy consumption transformation, and is also the basis for ensuring fair and just settlement of steam trade.
蒸汽流量计的检定方法一般可细分为直接测量法和间接测量法，直接测量法又称为实流标定法，必须借助流量标准装置实现，是指用标准流量计测出被检流量计的流量，将二者示值进行比较，得出被检流量计准确度的一种测量方法；间接测量方法是通过测量与流量有关的物理量，间接地校准流量量值获得相应的准确度的一种方法。The verification method of the steam flowmeter can generally be subdivided into direct measurement method and indirect measurement method. The direct measurement method is also called the real flow calibration method, which must be realized with the aid of a flow standard device. Flow rate is a method of measuring the accuracy of the tested flowmeter by comparing the two indicated values; the indirect measurement method is a method of indirectly calibrating the flow value to obtain the corresponding accuracy by measuring the physical quantity related to the flow rate method.
目前，蒸汽计量普遍使用差压式流量计，依据JJG640-1994《差压式流量计》检定规程规定的检定方法检定：即将差压变送器和压力变送器分别拆卸下来，送计量部门用模拟量静态检定，并且是对差压变送器或压力变送器孤立地进行检定，对孔板、积算仪和显示器基本不检(尤其是作为一次元件的孔板，其几何尺寸的变化直接影响蒸汽流量计量的准确性，但由于拆卸困难，通常数年难以检查维护一次)。另外，差压变送器、压力变送器是静态检定，检定所用代替介质(水和空气)与实际不符，或是输入电流检定点参数用模拟量完成检定。因此，传统的差压式流量计的检定方法并没有检定差压式流量计的计量性能，而仅是检定模拟量来替代检定，差压式流量计对蒸汽计量的实际情况处于未知状态。因此蒸汽流量测不准是普遍存在且亟待解决的问题。At present, differential pressure flowmeters are generally used for steam measurement, and the verification method is verified according to the verification regulations of JJG640-1994 "Differential Pressure Flow Meters": the differential pressure transmitter and the pressure transmitter are disassembled separately and sent to the measurement department for use. Static verification of analog quantity, and the verification of differential pressure transmitter or pressure transmitter is carried out in isolation, and the orifice plate, totalizer and display are basically not checked (especially the orifice plate as a primary component, the change of its geometric size It directly affects the accuracy of steam flow measurement, but due to the difficulty of disassembly, it is usually difficult to check and maintain once every few years). In addition, differential pressure transmitters and pressure transmitters are statically verified, and the substitute media (water and air) used in the verification do not match the actual situation, or the input current verification point parameters are verified by analog quantities. Therefore, the traditional differential pressure flowmeter verification method does not verify the measurement performance of the differential pressure flowmeter, but only verifies the analog quantity to replace the verification. The actual situation of the differential pressure flowmeter for steam measurement is unknown. Therefore, inaccurate steam flow measurement is a common problem that needs to be solved urgently.
传统的差压式流量计需要由节流装置、引压管线、差压变送器、流量积算仪组成一个完整的流量测量系统。对于气体流量的测量还需要配置压力变送器、温度变送器进行温压补偿。作为一种经典流量计量器具，孔板流量计是由若干个独立单元组合在一起的，它们之间配置合理与否，安装是否规范都会直接影响孔板的测量准确度。孔板流量计长期运行磨损致使孔板锐角变钝，有研究发现孔板运行前两三年每年磨损半径增加0.04mm，需要五六年后才趋向稳定，导致测量准确度无法保证。譬如在锅炉启停过程中，由于蒸汽管道中残存的冷凝水会产生水锤，也有可能致使孔板变形。孔板存在着不可避免的“锐角磨损”和“积污”问题，随着使用时间的增加流量系数越来越大，仪表示值越来越小，流速较高的场合，这种变化更是惊人。再者，使用时间较长，变送器的零点可能会发生漂移，如果是负漂移，显示的差压将会减小，显示的流量也会减小。因此孔板流量计内的孔板需定期检查、清洗和检测几何尺寸，而蒸汽计量条件苛刻，加之管理不够，很难定期检修，致使许多计量点上的孔板流量计安装后长期失去管理，其结果是造成很大浪费又没有真正解决实际问题。The traditional differential pressure flowmeter needs to be composed of a throttling device, a pressure pipeline, a differential pressure transmitter, and a flow totalizer to form a complete flow measurement system. For the measurement of gas flow, it is also necessary to configure a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter for temperature and pressure compensation. As a classic flow measuring instrument, the orifice flowmeter is composed of several independent units. Whether the configuration between them is reasonable or not, and whether the installation is standardized will directly affect the measurement accuracy of the orifice plate. The long-term wear and tear of the orifice plate flowmeter has caused the sharp angle of the orifice plate to become blunt. Some studies have found that the wear radius of the orifice plate increases by 0.04mm per year in the first two or three years of operation, and it takes five or six years to stabilize, resulting in measurement accuracy. For example, during the start-up and shutdown process of the boiler, the condensed water remaining in the steam pipe will produce water hammer, which may also cause the deformation of the orifice plate. There are unavoidable problems of "sharp angle wear" and "fouling" in the orifice plate. With the increase of the use time, the flow coefficient becomes larger and the meter indication value becomes smaller and smaller. In the case of high flow rate, this change is even more serious amazing. Furthermore, the zero point of the transmitter may drift if it is used for a long time. If it is a negative drift, the displayed differential pressure will decrease, and the displayed flow rate will also decrease. Therefore, the orifice plate in the orifice flowmeter needs to be inspected, cleaned and checked regularly. However, the steam metering conditions are harsh, coupled with insufficient management, it is difficult to perform regular maintenance, resulting in the long-term loss of management of the orifice flowmeter on many metering points after installation. As a result, a lot of waste is caused and practical problems are not really solved.
目前，孔板流量计主要采用干检法对二次测量仪表及计量孔板进行不确定度控制。而利用“干检”几何测量法主要是对孔板、二次仪表及流量计算机进行一年一次的周检，来评估整套孔板流量计的系统不确定度，但是不能对以上因素产生的误差进行定性、定量的分析，因此，无法完全定量确定整套计量装置的总不确定度，对由此产生的偏差，不能给出合理的、确定的修正系数。At present, the orifice flowmeter mainly uses the dry inspection method to control the uncertainty of the secondary measuring instrument and the metering orifice plate. The "dry inspection" geometric measurement method is mainly to conduct annual weekly inspections on the orifice plate, secondary instruments and flow computers to evaluate the system uncertainty of the entire set of orifice flowmeters, but the errors caused by the above factors cannot be corrected. Qualitative and quantitative analysis, therefore, cannot completely quantitatively determine the total uncertainty of the entire set of metering devices, and cannot give a reasonable and definite correction coefficient for the resulting deviation.
对于蒸汽流量计的在线校核是开展节能降耗、解决流量计准确度下降的关键之举，对于工业生活用汽的计量起到很好的校对作用，可以消除计量误差带来的纠纷等。因此，如何在国家开展能源审计的大好发展形势下，研究一种可靠、简单、在线的检测方法，已成为生产和消耗蒸汽的企业的迫切需要。On-line verification of steam flowmeters is the key to saving energy and reducing consumption, and solving the problem of flow meter accuracy decline. It plays a very good role in proofreading the measurement of industrial and domestic steam, and can eliminate disputes caused by measurement errors. Therefore, how to study a reliable, simple and on-line detection method has become an urgent need for enterprises producing and consuming steam under the excellent development situation of energy auditing in the country.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对现有锅炉主蒸汽流量计送第三方计量机构检定、校准较为困难，且现有技术难以满足对其在线校核需求，无法实现快速便捷检定校准的技术问题，本实用新型提供一种锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统，该系统借助物联网采集锅炉运行、锅炉给补水系统、主蒸汽流量计的运行参数，基于锅炉产汽系统的质量平衡原理实现锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核。Aiming at the technical problems that it is difficult for the existing boiler main steam flowmeter to be verified and calibrated by a third-party measurement agency, and the existing technology is difficult to meet its online verification requirements, and cannot realize fast and convenient verification and calibration, the utility model provides a boiler main steam flowmeter. Steam flowmeter online verification test system, which uses the Internet of Things to collect boiler operation, boiler water supply system, and main steam flowmeter operating parameters, and realizes online verification of boiler main steam flowmeter based on the mass balance principle of the boiler steam production system.
为了解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用了如下的技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统，所述锅炉主蒸汽流量计是指工业现场燃气锅炉主蒸汽管道上的蒸汽流量计，所述系统包括数据采集单元、无线传输单元和数据处理单元；其中，A boiler main steam flowmeter online check test system, the boiler main steam flowmeter refers to the steam flowmeter on the main steam pipeline of the industrial site gas boiler, the system includes a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmission unit and a data processing unit ;in,
所述数据采集单元用于获取包括锅炉炉膛燃烧温度、锅炉水位、锅炉燃气流量、锅炉给水温度和压力及流量、锅炉排污水温度和流量、主蒸汽流量计的蒸汽温度和压力及流量在内的基础数据；The data acquisition unit is used to obtain data including boiler furnace combustion temperature, boiler water level, boiler gas flow, boiler feed water temperature, pressure and flow, boiler sewage temperature and flow, steam temperature, pressure and flow of the main steam flowmeter Basic data;
所述无线传输单元包括无线发送模块和无线接收模块，所述无线发送模块用于将数据采集单元采集的各种基础数据进行发送，所述无线接收模块用于接收各种基础数据并传输到数据处理单元；The wireless transmission unit includes a wireless sending module and a wireless receiving module, the wireless sending module is used to send various basic data collected by the data acquisition unit, and the wireless receiving module is used to receive various basic data and transmit to the data processing unit;
所述数据处理单元包括数据服务器和显示器，所述数据服务器用于对无线接收模块传输的各种基础数据进行数字校正后，根据质量平衡法计算出主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量的计算值并与主蒸汽流量计自身流量示值进行比对分析，当主蒸汽流量的计算值与示值的相对误差超出设定限值范围时，对相应参数进行突出显示并进行报警提示，并结合主蒸汽流量计历史数据评估分析给出该主蒸汽流量计性能下降或不准确的概率，且在主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围内，获得锅炉产汽系统稳定运行条件下综合流量比例系数f用于实时对示值进行在线修正，所述显示器用于对数据服务器接收的各种基础数据和结果数据进行集中显示。The data processing unit includes a data server and a display, and the data server is used to digitally correct various basic data transmitted by the wireless receiving module, calculate the calculated value of the steam flow of the main steam pipeline according to the mass balance method and compare it with the main steam The flow meter's own flow indication value is compared and analyzed. When the relative error between the calculated value and the indication value of the main steam flow exceeds the set limit range, the corresponding parameter is highlighted and an alarm is given, combined with the historical data of the main steam flow meter The evaluation analysis gives the probability of performance degradation or inaccuracy of the main steam flowmeter, and within the range or common measurement range of the main steam flowmeter, the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f under the stable operation condition of the steam production system of the boiler is obtained for real-time comparison. Values are corrected online, and the display is used for centralized display of various basic data and result data received by the data server.
进一步，所述数据采集单元包括用于获取锅炉炉膛燃烧温度、锅炉给水管道内介质温度、锅炉排污水管道内介质温度和主蒸汽管道内蒸汽介质温度的温度传感器，用于获取锅炉锅筒水位的水位传感器，用于获取锅炉燃气消耗量、锅炉给水流量、锅炉排污水流量和主蒸汽管道内蒸汽流量的流量计，以及用于获取锅炉给水管道内介质压力和主蒸汽管道内蒸汽介质压力的压力传感器。Further, the data acquisition unit includes a temperature sensor for obtaining the combustion temperature of the boiler furnace, the temperature of the medium in the boiler feed water pipe, the temperature of the medium in the boiler blowdown pipe, and the temperature of the steam medium in the main steam pipe, and is used to obtain the water level of the boiler drum water level Sensors, flow meters for obtaining boiler gas consumption, boiler feed water flow, boiler blowdown water flow and steam flow in the main steam pipeline, and pressure sensors for obtaining the medium pressure in the boiler feed water pipeline and the steam medium pressure in the main steam pipeline .
进一步，所述温度传感器为热电阻或热电偶。Further, the temperature sensor is a thermal resistance or a thermocouple.
进一步，所述流量计为孔板流量计、电磁流量计或涡街流量计。Further, the flowmeter is an orifice flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or a vortex flowmeter.
进一步，所述无线发送模块和无线接收模块为WIFI模块、ZigBee模块或GPRS模块。Further, the wireless sending module and the wireless receiving module are WIFI modules, ZigBee modules or GPRS modules.
进一步，所述当主蒸汽流量的计算值与示值的相对误差超出设定限值范围时，对相应参数进行突出显示并进行报警提示，并结合主蒸汽流量计历史数据评估分析给出该主蒸汽流量计性能下降或不准确的概率，且在主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围内，获得锅炉产汽系统稳定运行条件下综合流量比例系数f用于实时对示值进行修正的同时，所述数据服务器还包括根据历史监测数据和内部构建的数学控制模型，通过模糊算法中专家库判断引起主蒸汽流量计示值监测数据异常的原因，并根据蒸汽的需求量和主蒸汽流量的计算值的实时监测，给出锅炉连续稳定运行的调整反馈策略。Further, when the relative error between the calculated value and the displayed value of the main steam flow exceeds the set limit range, the corresponding parameters are highlighted and an alarm is given, and the main steam flow rate is given based on the evaluation and analysis of the historical data of the main steam flow meter. The probability of performance degradation or inaccuracy of the flowmeter, and within the range or common measurement range of the main steam flowmeter, the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f under the stable operation condition of the boiler steam production system is obtained for real-time correction of the indication value, and the obtained The above data server also includes the historical monitoring data and the internally constructed mathematical control model, through the expert database in the fuzzy algorithm to judge the cause of the abnormality of the main steam flow meter indication monitoring data, and according to the steam demand and the calculated value of the main steam flow The real-time monitoring provides an adjustment feedback strategy for the continuous and stable operation of the boiler.
进一步，所述综合流量比例系数f的获得具体包括：根据主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围，选取n个流量校核点i，每个流量点读取数据不少于三次，取平均值得到每个流量校核点的给水流量G0i与排污水流量G1i之差G0i-G1i以及主蒸汽流量Vi；计算各流量点i的比例系数fi＝(G0i-G1i)/Vi；若各流量点i的比例系数fi接近线性时，按各点权重λi计算出一个综合流量比例系数f来拟合修正主蒸汽流量计示值， Further, the obtaining of the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f specifically includes: selecting n flow checking points i according to the range or common measurement range of the main steam flowmeter, reading data at each flow point for no less than three times, and taking the average value The difference G 0i -G 1i between the feed water flow G 0i and the sewage flow G 1i to each flow checking point and the main steam flow V i ; calculate the proportional coefficient f i =(G 0i -G 1i ) of each flow point i /V i ; if the proportional coefficient f i of each flow point i is close to linear, a comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f is calculated according to the weight of each point i to fit and correct the indication value of the main steam flowmeter,
与现有技术相比，本实用新型提供的锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统，重点在于借助物联网技术实现从锅炉给水流量计到主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量计间锅炉运行参数、传感器感知的数据采集，实现在稳定工况运行情况下依据质量平衡法通过给水流量和排污水流量计算出主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量，并同主蒸汽流量计的示值进行比较分析，以判断主蒸汽流量计的计量性能，以实现对主蒸汽流量计计量特性的在线校核评价。具体地，为了实现锅炉主蒸汽管道的主蒸汽流量计示值的在线校核，主要通过传感器采集温度、管道压力、流量以及锅炉水位、燃气耗量等基础数据，然后通过无线传输方式传输到后端的数据服务器分析平台，进行系统内介质质量平衡计算和监测，计算出主蒸汽流量值并与示值进行对比以判断主蒸汽流量计的性能，给出优化控制参考策略实现主蒸汽管道蒸汽的在线校核功能，并在主蒸汽流量计计量特性偏离相对误差阈值时给出报警信号；另一方面，通过系统的各运行参数实时监控，了解锅炉燃烧运行以及蒸汽生产稳定程度，并给出对应的控制策略，为锅炉产汽系统稳定运行和蒸汽品质的控制提供数据支撑。因此，锅炉主蒸汽流量计示值的在线校核可以满足工业现场快速对主蒸汽流量计的准确性进行判断，免去了拆卸送检的麻烦，在保证仪器性能及提高经济效益方面发挥了重要的作用。Compared with the prior art, the boiler main steam flowmeter online verification test system provided by the utility model focuses on realizing boiler operating parameters and sensor perception from the boiler feed water flowmeter to the main steam pipeline steam flowmeter with the help of Internet of Things technology. Data collection, to realize the steam flow of the main steam pipeline calculated by the mass balance method through the feed water flow and the sewage flow under the condition of stable operation, and compare and analyze it with the indication value of the main steam flow meter to judge the performance of the main steam flow meter Metering performance, in order to realize the online verification and evaluation of the metering characteristics of the main steam flowmeter. Specifically, in order to realize the online verification of the indication value of the main steam flowmeter of the main steam pipeline of the boiler, basic data such as temperature, pipeline pressure, flow rate, boiler water level, and gas consumption are mainly collected through sensors, and then transmitted to the rear through wireless transmission. The terminal data server analysis platform calculates and monitors the mass balance of the medium in the system, calculates the main steam flow value and compares it with the indicated value to judge the performance of the main steam flow meter, and gives an optimal control reference strategy to realize the online steam flow of the main steam pipeline. Check function, and give an alarm signal when the measurement characteristics of the main steam flowmeter deviate from the relative error threshold; on the other hand, through the real-time monitoring of various operating parameters of the system, understand the boiler combustion operation and steam production stability, and give the corresponding The control strategy provides data support for the stable operation of the boiler steam production system and the control of steam quality. Therefore, the online verification of the indication value of the main steam flowmeter of the boiler can meet the needs of the industrial site to quickly judge the accuracy of the main steam flowmeter, avoiding the trouble of disassembly and inspection, and playing an important role in ensuring the performance of the instrument and improving economic benefits. role.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型提供的锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the boiler main steam flowmeter online verification test system provided by the utility model.
图2是本实用新型提供的贯流式锅炉蒸发示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the evaporation of the through-flow boiler provided by the utility model.
图3是本实用新型提供的校核量值传递示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the calibration value provided by the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本实用新型实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本实用新型。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the utility model easy to understand, the utility model will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific illustrations.
在本实用新型的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“纵向”、“径向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。在本实用新型的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear" , "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings The relationship is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the utility model. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
在本实用新型的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a flexible connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in specific situations.
请参考图1所示，本实用新型提供一种锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统，所述锅炉主蒸汽流量计是指工业现场燃气锅炉主蒸汽管道上的蒸汽流量计，一般位于锅炉后端且位于分气缸前面，该在线校核测试系统涉及到的主要设备或装置包括锅炉给水管道、锅炉本体、锅炉排污水管道和锅炉蒸汽管道，所述系统包括数据采集单元、无线传输单元和数据处理单元；其中，Please refer to Figure 1, the utility model provides a boiler main steam flowmeter online verification test system, the boiler main steam flowmeter refers to the steam flowmeter on the main steam pipeline of the industrial site gas boiler, generally located behind the boiler and located in front of the sub-cylinder, the main equipment or devices involved in the online verification test system include boiler water supply pipes, boiler body, boiler sewage pipes and boiler steam pipes, the system includes data acquisition unit, wireless transmission unit and data processing unit; where,
所述数据采集单元用于获取包括锅炉炉膛燃烧温度、锅炉水位、锅炉燃气流量、锅炉给水温度和压力及流量、锅炉排污水温度和流量、主蒸汽流量计的蒸汽温度和压力及流量在内的基础数据；The data acquisition unit is used to obtain data including boiler furnace combustion temperature, boiler water level, boiler gas flow, boiler feed water temperature, pressure and flow, boiler sewage temperature and flow, steam temperature, pressure and flow of the main steam flowmeter Basic data;
所述无线传输单元包括无线发送模块和无线接收模块，所述无线发送模块用于将数据采集单元采集的各种基础数据进行发送，所述无线接收模块用于接收各种基础数据并传输到数据处理单元；The wireless transmission unit includes a wireless sending module and a wireless receiving module, the wireless sending module is used to send various basic data collected by the data acquisition unit, and the wireless receiving module is used to receive various basic data and transmit to the data processing unit;
所述数据处理单元包括数据服务器和显示器，所述数据服务器中安装有SQL数据库以及由计算机技术塔建的数据分析平台，该分析平台具有数据存储、数据显示和控制调节等功能，所述数据服务器用于对无线接收模块传输的各种基础数据进行数字校正后，根据质量平衡法计算出主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量的计算值并与主蒸汽流量计自身流量示值进行比对分析，当主蒸汽流量的计算值与示值的相对误差超出设定限值范围时，对相应参数进行突出显示并进行报警提示，并结合主蒸汽流量计历史数据评估分析给出该主蒸汽流量计性能下降或不准确的概率，且在主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围内，获得锅炉产汽系统稳定运行条件下综合流量比例系数f用于实时对示值进行在线修正，所述显示器用于对数据服务器接收的各种基础数据和结果数据进行集中显示。The data processing unit includes a data server and a display. The data server is equipped with a SQL database and a data analysis platform built by a computer technology tower. The analysis platform has functions such as data storage, data display, and control adjustment. The data server After digitally correcting various basic data transmitted by the wireless receiving module, the calculated value of the steam flow of the main steam pipeline is calculated according to the mass balance method and compared with the indicated value of the main steam flow meter itself. When the main steam flow When the relative error between the calculated value and the displayed value exceeds the set limit range, the corresponding parameters will be highlighted and an alarm will be given, and combined with the evaluation and analysis of the historical data of the main steam flowmeter, the performance degradation or inaccuracy of the main steam flowmeter will be given. Probability, and within the range of the main steam flowmeter or the common measurement range, the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f under the stable operation condition of the boiler steam production system is obtained for real-time online correction of the indicated value, and the display is used for the data received by the data server Various basic data and result data are displayed centrally.
具体地，所述数据服务器对各种基础数据进行数字校正包括：显著误差的剔除和数据协调处理掉测量数据中的随机误差等，而具体的数字校正处理过程属于本领域技术人员熟知的常规技术，因而在此不再赘述；接着采用经数字校正处理后的数据，依据锅炉产汽系统中锅炉给水、锅炉排水和锅炉蒸汽之间的质量平衡关系，实时计算出产生的主蒸汽质量流量；然后对主蒸汽质量流量的计算值Vjs和主蒸汽流量计示值V进行实时监测，同时计算出二者之间的相对误差，此相对误差即为主蒸汽流量计的误差率δ＝(V-Vjs)/Vjs×100％；当相对误差超出设定限值范围时可初步判断主蒸汽流量计性能不准确，对相应参数进行突出显示并进行报警提示，并结合主蒸汽流量计历史数据评估分析给出该主蒸汽流量计性能下降或不准确的概率，且在主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围内，获得锅炉产汽系统稳定运行条件下综合流量比例系数f用于实时对示值进行修正，从而实现主蒸汽流量计的在线校核。Specifically, the digital correction of various basic data by the data server includes: elimination of significant errors and data coordination to deal with random errors in the measurement data, etc., and the specific digital correction process belongs to the conventional technology well known to those skilled in the art , so I won’t go into details here; then, using the data after digital correction, according to the mass balance relationship between boiler feed water, boiler drainage and boiler steam in the boiler steam production system, the mass flow rate of the main steam generated is calculated in real time; and then The calculated value V js of the main steam mass flow rate and the indicated value V of the main steam flowmeter are monitored in real time, and the relative error between the two is calculated at the same time. This relative error is the error rate of the main steam flowmeter δ=(VV js )/V js ×100%; when the relative error exceeds the set limit range, it can be preliminarily judged that the performance of the main steam flowmeter is inaccurate, highlight the corresponding parameters and give an alarm prompt, and combine the historical data of the main steam flowmeter for evaluation and analysis The probability of performance degradation or inaccuracy of the main steam flowmeter is given, and within the range or common measurement range of the main steam flowmeter, the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f under the stable operation condition of the boiler steam production system is obtained for real-time real-time evaluation of the indication value Correction, so as to realize the online calibration of the main steam flowmeter.
作为具体实施例，所述数据采集单元包括：用于获取锅炉炉膛燃烧温度、锅炉给水管道内介质温度、锅炉排污水管道内介质温度和主蒸汽管道内蒸汽介质温度的温度传感器，其中锅炉给水管道内介质温度是指进入锅炉锅筒之前管道内介质的温度，锅炉排污水管道内介质温度是指锅炉排污管道或疏水阀后管道内介质的温度，主蒸汽管道内蒸汽介质温度是指给水经锅炉加热转化为蒸汽后在主蒸汽管道内输送时的温度，所述温度传感器具体可以采用现有的热电阻或者热电偶温度传感器来采集数据，精度不低于0.5级，并通过连接线传输给无线发送模块；用于获取锅炉锅筒水位的水位传感器，其值可以依据锅炉锅筒的水位多少时时显示并采集传输；用于获取锅炉燃气消耗量、锅炉给水流量、锅炉排污水流量和主蒸汽管道内蒸汽流量的流量计，其中用于获取锅炉燃气消耗量的流量计安装于锅炉燃料管道上，而锅炉给水和锅炉排污水的管路上若已有其他形式的流量计，可以经校准后直接采用其他形式的流量计来采集其流量数据信号，用于获取主蒸汽管道内蒸汽流量的流量计安装于主蒸汽管道上，所述流量计具体可以采用孔板流量计、电磁流量计或涡街流量计来采集，标定状态下用于计量蒸汽的流量计测试精度不低于1％，用于测试水流量的流量计测试精度不低于0.5％；用于获取锅炉给水管道内介质压力和主蒸汽管道内蒸汽介质压力的压力传感器，通过该压力传感器即可对管道内介质流动的压力数据进行采集，而采集到的蒸汽温度和压力用于对主蒸汽流量计进行密度补偿，以便准确得到主蒸汽质量流量。As a specific embodiment, the data acquisition unit includes: a temperature sensor for obtaining the combustion temperature of the boiler furnace, the temperature of the medium in the boiler feedwater pipeline, the temperature of the medium in the boiler sewage pipeline, and the temperature of the steam medium in the main steam pipeline, wherein the temperature of the medium in the boiler feedwater pipeline is The medium temperature refers to the temperature of the medium in the pipeline before entering the boiler drum, the medium temperature in the boiler sewage pipeline refers to the temperature of the medium in the boiler sewage pipeline or the pipeline after the steam trap, and the steam medium temperature in the main steam pipeline refers to the temperature of the feedwater heated by the boiler It is the temperature when the steam is transported in the main steam pipeline. The temperature sensor can specifically use the existing thermal resistance or thermocouple temperature sensor to collect data with an accuracy of not less than 0.5, and transmit it to the wireless sending module through the connecting line ;The water level sensor is used to obtain the water level of the boiler drum, and its value can be displayed and collected and transmitted according to the water level of the boiler drum; it is used to obtain the boiler gas consumption, boiler feed water flow, boiler sewage flow and steam in the main steam pipe The flowmeter of the flow rate, the flowmeter used to obtain the boiler gas consumption is installed on the boiler fuel pipeline, and if there are other forms of flowmeters on the boiler feed water and boiler sewage pipelines, other forms can be directly used after calibration The flowmeter is used to collect the flow data signal, and the flowmeter used to obtain the steam flow in the main steam pipeline is installed on the main steam pipeline. The flowmeter can be specifically orifice flowmeter, electromagnetic flowmeter or vortex flowmeter. Acquisition, the test accuracy of the flowmeter used to measure steam in the calibration state is not less than 1%, and the test accuracy of the flowmeter used to test water flow is not less than 0.5%; it is used to obtain the medium pressure in the boiler feed water pipeline and the pressure in the main steam pipeline. The pressure sensor of the steam medium pressure, through which the pressure data of the medium flow in the pipeline can be collected, and the collected steam temperature and pressure are used for density compensation of the main steam flowmeter, so as to accurately obtain the mass flow rate of the main steam .
作为优选实施例，按照校准原则，锅炉给水流量计和排污水流量计的准确度等级需要选择较高等级的流量计，结合锅炉现场，所述电磁流量计优选采用0.5级电磁流量计作为在线校核标准表使用，即可满足校核的需求。As a preferred embodiment, according to the calibration principle, the accuracy level of the boiler feedwater flowmeter and the sewage flowmeter needs to select a higher-level flowmeter. Combined with the boiler site, the electromagnetic flowmeter preferably adopts a 0.5-level electromagnetic flowmeter as an online calibration. The use of nuclear standard tables can meet the needs of calibration.
作为具体实施例，所述无线传输单元是物联网技术用于在线校核测试系统数据采集的关键所在，所述无线传输单元由无线发送模块和无线接收模块组成，所述无线发送模块和无线接收模具体可以采用WIFI模块、ZigBee模块或GPRS模块等，即所述无线发送模块和无线接收模之间可通过WIFI模块、ZigBee模块或GPRS模块来实现无线信号的收发传输。As a specific embodiment, the wireless transmission unit is the key point of the Internet of Things technology for data collection of the online verification test system. The wireless transmission unit is composed of a wireless transmission module and a wireless reception module. The wireless transmission module and the wireless reception module The mold body can adopt a WIFI module, a ZigBee module or a GPRS module, etc., that is, the transmission and reception of wireless signals can be realized through the WIFI module, ZigBee module or GPRS module between the wireless sending module and the wireless receiving module.
作为具体实施例，所述当主蒸汽流量的计算值与示值的相对误差超出设定限值范围时，对相应参数进行突出显示并进行报警提示，并结合主蒸汽流量计历史数据评估分析给出该主蒸汽流量计性能下降或不准确的概率，且在主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围内，获得锅炉产汽系统稳定运行条件下综合流量比例系数f用于实时对示值进行修正的同时，所述数据服务器还包括根据历史监测数据和内部构建的数学控制模型，通过模糊算法中专家库判断引起主蒸汽流量计示值监测数据异常的原因，并根据蒸汽的需求量和主蒸汽流量的计算值的实时监测，给出锅炉连续稳定运行的调整反馈策略，具体策略包括调整锅炉给水流量和调整燃气供给量等，确保在线校核测试系统满足前提条件；其中，引起主蒸汽流量计示值监测数据异常的原因包括：(1)主蒸汽流量计仪表的流量传感器计量性能下降引起的蒸汽体积流量测量不准；(2)蒸汽温度或压力测量传感器计量不准引起的蒸汽密度补偿不准；(3)锅炉产汽系统不稳定导致主蒸汽流量计示值波动过大；(4)其他干扰项。具体地，所述数据服务器中安装的SQL数据库以及由计算机技术塔建的数据分析平台，可以根据所述数据采集单元实时在线采集锅炉给水流量G0、锅炉排污水流量G1和主蒸汽管道流量计示值V以及其他用于修正流量用的参数，如给水温度T0、给水压力P0、主蒸汽管道内蒸汽温度T和蒸汽介质压力P，以及锅炉运行燃烧温度θ和锅炉锅筒水位H，实现计算机自动依据质量平衡关系计算主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量的计算值，并与蒸汽流量计自身显示的流量示值进行时时对比分析，当误差超出设定限值范围或阈值时进行报警提示，并可以结合历史数据评估分析出当计算值与示值误差偏大时该主蒸汽流量计性能下降或不准确的概率，同时采用综合流量比例系数实现主蒸汽流量计的在线校核测试的目的，同时方便企业了解锅炉汽水系统的实际运行情况。As a specific embodiment, when the relative error between the calculated value and the indicated value of the main steam flow exceeds the set limit range, the corresponding parameters are highlighted and an alarm is given, and combined with the evaluation and analysis of the historical data of the main steam flowmeter, the following is given: The probability that the performance of the main steam flowmeter is degraded or inaccurate, and within the range or common measurement range of the main steam flowmeter, the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f under the stable operation condition of the boiler steam production system is obtained to correct the indication value in real time At the same time, the data server also includes the historical monitoring data and the internally constructed mathematical control model, through the expert database in the fuzzy algorithm to judge the cause of the abnormality of the main steam flowmeter indication monitoring data, and according to the steam demand and the main steam flow The real-time monitoring of the calculated value provides an adjustment feedback strategy for the continuous and stable operation of the boiler. The specific strategy includes adjusting the boiler feed water flow and adjusting the gas supply, etc., to ensure that the online verification test system meets the preconditions; among them, the main steam flow meter shows Reasons for abnormal value monitoring data include: (1) inaccurate measurement of steam volume flow caused by the decrease in measurement performance of the flow sensor of the main steam flowmeter instrument; (2) inaccurate steam density compensation caused by inaccurate measurement of the steam temperature or pressure measurement sensor ; (3) The instability of the steam production system of the boiler causes the main steam flowmeter to fluctuate too much; (4) Other interference items. Specifically, the SQL database installed in the data server and the data analysis platform built by the computer technology tower can collect boiler feed water flow G 0 , boiler blowdown water flow G 1 and main steam pipeline flow online in real time according to the data acquisition unit Indicated value V and other parameters used to correct the flow rate, such as feed water temperature T 0 , feed water pressure P 0 , steam temperature T in the main steam pipe, steam medium pressure P, and boiler operating combustion temperature θ and boiler drum water level H Realize that the computer automatically calculates the calculated value of the steam flow of the main steam pipeline according to the mass balance relationship, and conducts a real-time comparison and analysis with the flow indication displayed by the steam flowmeter itself. When the error exceeds the set limit range or threshold, an alarm will be given, and It can be combined with historical data to evaluate and analyze the probability of performance degradation or inaccuracy of the main steam flowmeter when the error between the calculated value and the displayed value is too large. It is convenient for enterprises to understand the actual operation of the boiler steam-water system.
作为本领域技术人员已知，液态的水进入锅炉后经过受热蒸发变成汽态的蒸汽，仅是水的两种不同形态及不同状态参数的转变，这为利用水汽质量平衡方程测量锅炉主蒸汽流量计的质量测量提供了物质条件。因此，探讨利用较高准确度等级的给水流量和排污水流量在工业现场在线校准主蒸汽流量计示值的方法，在理论上是可行的。具体地，理论上的水汽质量平衡通过如下数学物理过程推导得到：As known to those skilled in the art, after liquid water enters the boiler, it is heated and evaporated into vapor steam, which is only the transformation of two different forms of water and different state parameters. The mass measurement of the flow meter provides the material condition. Therefore, it is theoretically feasible to discuss the method of calibrating the indication value of the main steam flowmeter on-line at the industrial site by using the feedwater flow rate and the sewage flow rate of a higher accuracy level. Specifically, the theoretical water vapor mass balance is derived through the following mathematical and physical processes:
请参考图2所示，考虑将水冷壁上升管中水位线与管壁围成的介质区域作为控制体τ，控制体τ的进口介质为上升管给水Mj，出口介质为产生的蒸汽Mq，并作如下稳定工况假设：在t时间内，锅炉运行中，汽水系统各管道中流体介质连续流动，锅炉水位线保持稳定不变，锅炉上集箱内压力恒定，下集箱的给水压力和给水温度恒定。则根据控制体汽水质量变化可得如下关联式：Please refer to Figure 2, consider the medium area enclosed by the water level line and the pipe wall in the riser of the water-cooled wall as the control body τ, the inlet medium of the control body τ is the riser feed water M j , and the outlet medium is the generated steam M q , and assume the following stable working condition: during the time t, during the operation of the boiler, the fluid medium in each pipeline of the steam-water system flows continuously, the boiler water level remains stable, the pressure in the upper header of the boiler is constant, and the water supply pressure of the lower header and constant feed water temperature. According to the change of soda quality in the control body, the following correlation can be obtained:
式中，Mj为给水质量流量，单位kg/s；Mq为进入到水位线上方、蒸汽出口管引出的带有湿度的饱和蒸汽质量流量，单位kg/s；为控制体τ内介质质量在t时间内的变化量，单位kg/s；ρ为介质密度；V为控制体τ的体积；dV是对体积的微分表达。In the formula, M j is the mass flow rate of feed water, unit kg/s; M q is the mass flow rate of saturated steam with humidity entering above the water level line and drawn out from the steam outlet pipe, unit kg/s; In order to control the variation of the mass of the medium in the body τ within the time t, the unit is kg/s; ρ is the density of the medium; V is the volume of the control body τ; dV is the differential expression of the volume.
分析产汽过程可知，锅炉运行中，汽水系统流体介质连续流动中，属定压饱和蒸汽过程，饱和蒸汽温度与饱和水的温度均不变。则t时间内，控制体τ内生产的蒸汽汽泡体积和汽泡密度不变，即汽泡质量不变，又水位线不变时，控制体τ下的总体积恒定，则控制体τ内液态水体积不变。又因给水压力、给水温度和蒸汽压力恒定时，控制体τ内液态水的密度是不变的，则控制体τ下液态水质量恒定。即t时间内控制体τ内的液态水质量和汽泡质量均是不变，即则式(1)可变换为：From the analysis of the steam production process, it can be seen that during the operation of the boiler and the continuous flow of the fluid medium in the steam-water system, it is a saturated steam process at constant pressure, and the temperature of saturated steam and saturated water are both constant. Then, within t time, the volume and density of steam bubbles produced in the control volume τ remain unchanged, that is, when the mass of the bubbles and the water level remain unchanged, the total volume under the control volume τ is constant, and the volume in the control volume τ is constant. The volume of liquid water remains constant. And because when the feedwater pressure, feedwater temperature and steam pressure are constant, the density of liquid water in the control volume τ is constant, so the quality of liquid water under the control volume τ is constant. That is to say, the quality of liquid water and bubbles in the control body τ is constant within t time, that is, Then formula (1) can be transformed into:
式(2)反应出锅炉在某一稳定不变的给水压力和给水温度、水位线位置不变、蒸汽压力恒定的锅炉运行工况控制体τ内，给水质量流量与产生的蒸汽质量流量相等。同理可推断，若控制体扩展为包括下集箱、上升管和上集箱的控制体后，由式(2)可得：Equation (2) reflects that the mass flow rate of the feed water is equal to the mass flow rate of the generated steam in the control body τ of the boiler operating condition with a constant feed water pressure and feed water temperature, constant water level line position and constant steam pressure. In the same way, it can be inferred that if the control body is expanded to include the lower header, riser and upper header, it can be obtained from formula (2):
V＝G0-G1 式(3)V＝G 0 -G 1 formula (3)
式中，G0为给定时间t内通过给水流量计的累计质量流量，单位kg；G1为通过锅炉排污水流量计的累计质量流量，单位kg；V为锅炉主蒸汽流量计的累计质量流量，单位kg。In the formula, G 0 is the cumulative mass flow through the feedwater flowmeter within a given time t, unit kg; G 1 is the cumulative mass flow through the boiler sewage flowmeter, unit kg; V is the cumulative mass of the main steam flowmeter of the boiler Flow rate, unit kg.
式(3)表示在稳定工况控制条件下，相同时间里，一个以下集箱给水质量流量为进口、以上集箱蒸汽质量流量和排污水量为出口的闭式连续流动贯流式锅炉汽水系统，系统输送出的蒸汽质量流量等于进入该系统的给水质量流量扣除流出该系统的排污水质量流量，这就是稳定工况控制条件下的锅炉水汽质量平衡方程。因此，水流量测量技术成熟、操作方便、测量精度有保证，可作为校核蒸汽的标准参考。Equation (3) indicates that under the condition of stable working conditions, at the same time, a closed continuous flow tubular steam boiler steam-water system with the mass flow rate of the lower header as the inlet, and the steam mass flow rate and sewage volume of the upper header as the outlet, The mass flow rate of steam delivered by the system is equal to the mass flow rate of feed water entering the system minus the mass flow rate of sewage flowing out of the system. This is the boiler water vapor mass balance equation under the condition of stable working conditions. Therefore, the water flow measurement technology is mature, the operation is convenient, and the measurement accuracy is guaranteed, which can be used as a standard reference for calibrating steam.
工业现场校核时，为了确保校核的准确性，锅炉运行需要满足以下条件：During the industrial on-site calibration, in order to ensure the accuracy of the calibration, the boiler operation needs to meet the following conditions:
(1)确保锅炉汽水系统须是独立系统，停止化学取样水、加药水等操作，锅炉各阀门严密无泄漏；(1) Ensure that the steam and water system of the boiler must be an independent system, stop chemical sampling water, dosing and other operations, and ensure that the valves of the boiler are tight and leak-free;
(2)锅炉工况参数基本稳定，避免较大的波动，如燃气供应稳定，以减少燃烧调整的影响；不允许出现干扰锅炉工况的任何操作，如安全阀启跳、锅炉负荷调整等操作；通过控制系统联动，当有排污水流出变化时，相应提高给水流量，确保上升管中汽液界面维持稳定。锅炉主要热力参数波动值不超过如下表1推荐的允许值：(2) The operating parameters of the boiler are basically stable, avoiding large fluctuations, such as stable gas supply, to reduce the impact of combustion adjustment; any operation that interferes with the operating conditions of the boiler is not allowed, such as safety valve opening, boiler load adjustment, etc. ;Through the linkage of the control system, when there is a change in the outflow of sewage, the water flow rate will be increased accordingly to ensure that the vapor-liquid interface in the riser remains stable. The fluctuation value of the main thermal parameters of the boiler shall not exceed the allowable value recommended in Table 1 below:
表1 在线校核时锅炉工况波动允许值Table 1 Allowable value of boiler operating condition fluctuation during online calibration
锅炉稳定运行一段时间后，同时测量给水流量、排污水流量和主蒸汽流量，得到一定参数下的给水流量与排污水流量之差G0-G1与主蒸汽流量计示值V之间的综合流量比例系数f，以获得主蒸汽流量计示值V的修正值V'。如此通过较高准确度等级的给水流量传递到主蒸汽流量计示值，达到在线校核目的，校核量值传递示意图见附图3。After the boiler has been running stably for a period of time, the feed water flow, sewage flow and main steam flow are measured at the same time, and the comprehensive value between the difference G 0 -G 1 between the feed water flow and the sewage flow under certain parameters and the indication value V of the main steam flow meter is obtained. The flow proportional coefficient f is used to obtain the correction value V' of the indicated value V of the main steam flowmeter. In this way, the feedwater flow rate with a higher level of accuracy is transmitted to the main steam flowmeter indication to achieve the purpose of on-line calibration. The schematic diagram of calibration value transmission is shown in Figure 3.
作为具体实施例，锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核可按以下步骤来完成，即所述综合流量比例系数f的获得具体包括：根据主蒸汽流量计的量程或常用计量范围，选取n个流量校核点i，每个流量点读取数据不少于三次，取平均值得到每个流量校核点的给水流量G0i与排污水流量G1i之差G0i-G1i以及主蒸汽流量计示值Vi；计算各流量点i的比例系数fi＝(G0i-G1i)/Vi；若各流量点i的比例系数fi接近线性时，按各点权重λi计算出一个综合流量比例系数f来拟合修正主蒸汽流量计示值， As a specific embodiment, the online verification of the main steam flowmeter of the boiler can be completed according to the following steps, that is, the obtaining of the comprehensive flow proportional coefficient f specifically includes: selecting n flow calibration parameters according to the measuring range or common measurement range of the main steam flowmeter Check point i, read the data for each flow point no less than three times, take the average value to obtain the difference G 0i -G 1i between the feed water flow G 0i and the sewage flow G 1i of each flow check point and the main steam flow meter display value V i ; calculate the proportional coefficient f i of each flow point i = (G 0i -G 1i )/V i ; if the proportional coefficient f i of each flow point i is close to linear, calculate a comprehensive The flow proportional coefficient f is used to fit and correct the indication value of the main steam flowmeter,
综上所述，通过水汽质量平衡方程可以由数据处理单元对锅炉主蒸汽管道的流量计进行时时修正，并给出修正的较为准确的计算值与主流量计示值进行对比，就可以分析判断主流量计计量性能的准确性和重复性如何，达到主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试的目的。To sum up, through the water vapor mass balance equation, the data processing unit can constantly correct the flow meter of the main steam pipeline of the boiler, and give the corrected more accurate calculation value and compare it with the indication value of the main flow meter, so as to analyze and judge How accurate and repeatable the measurement performance of the main flowmeter is, to achieve the purpose of the online verification test of the main steam flowmeter.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型提供的锅炉主蒸汽流量计在线校核测试系统，重点在于借助物联网技术实现从锅炉给水流量计到主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量计间锅炉运行参数、传感器感知的数据采集，实现在稳定工况运行情况下依据质量平衡法通过给水流量和排污水流量计算出主蒸汽管道蒸汽流量，并同主蒸汽流量计的示值进行比较分析，以判断主蒸汽流量计的计量性能，以实现对主蒸汽流量计计量特性的在线校核评价。具体地，为了实现锅炉主蒸汽管道的主蒸汽流量计示值的在线校核，主要通过传感器采集温度、管道压力、流量以及锅炉水位、燃气耗量等基础数据，然后通过无线传输方式传输到后端的数据服务器分析平台，进行系统内介质质量平衡计算和监测，计算出主蒸汽流量值并与示值进行对比以判断主蒸汽流量计的性能，给出优化控制参考策略实现主蒸汽管道蒸汽的在线校核功能，并在主蒸汽流量计计量特性偏离相对误差阈值时给出报警信号；另一方面，通过系统的各运行参数实时监控，了解锅炉燃烧运行以及蒸汽生产稳定程度，并给出对应的控制策略，为锅炉产汽系统稳定运行和蒸汽品质的控制提供数据支撑。因此，锅炉主蒸汽流量计示值的在线校核可以满足工业现场快速对主蒸汽流量计的准确性进行判断，免去了拆卸送检的麻烦，在保证仪器性能及提高经济效益方面发挥了重要的作用。Compared with the prior art, the boiler main steam flowmeter online verification test system provided by the utility model focuses on realizing boiler operating parameters and sensor perception from the boiler feed water flowmeter to the main steam pipeline steam flowmeter with the help of Internet of Things technology. Data collection, to realize the steam flow of the main steam pipeline calculated by the mass balance method through the feed water flow and the sewage flow under the condition of stable operation, and compare and analyze it with the indication value of the main steam flow meter to judge the performance of the main steam flow meter Metering performance, in order to realize the online verification and evaluation of the metering characteristics of the main steam flowmeter. Specifically, in order to realize the online verification of the indication value of the main steam flowmeter of the main steam pipeline of the boiler, basic data such as temperature, pipeline pressure, flow rate, boiler water level, and gas consumption are mainly collected through sensors, and then transmitted to the rear through wireless transmission. The terminal data server analysis platform calculates and monitors the mass balance of the medium in the system, calculates the main steam flow value and compares it with the indicated value to judge the performance of the main steam flow meter, and gives an optimal control reference strategy to realize the online steam flow of the main steam pipeline. Check function, and give an alarm signal when the measurement characteristics of the main steam flowmeter deviate from the relative error threshold; on the other hand, through the real-time monitoring of various operating parameters of the system, understand the boiler combustion operation and steam production stability, and give the corresponding The control strategy provides data support for the stable operation of the boiler steam production system and the control of steam quality. Therefore, the online verification of the indication value of the main steam flowmeter of the boiler can meet the needs of the industrial site to quickly judge the accuracy of the main steam flowmeter, avoiding the trouble of disassembly and inspection, and playing an important role in ensuring the performance of the instrument and improving economic benefits. role.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本实用新型进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本实用新型的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本实用新型技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本实用新型的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model shall be covered by the claims of the utility model.
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| CN111023079A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 浙江中智达科技有限公司 | MAH production control method and device |
| CN112845610A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 | Steel rolling power consumption parameter recommendation method and system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109813400A (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2019-05-28 | 重庆市计量质量检测研究院 | Online verification and test system of boiler main steam flowmeter based on Internet of Things technology |
| CN109813400B (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2024-02-06 | 重庆市计量质量检测研究院 | Boiler main steam flowmeter online checking and testing system based on internet of things technology |
| CN111023079A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 浙江中智达科技有限公司 | MAH production control method and device |
| CN112845610A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 | Steel rolling power consumption parameter recommendation method and system |
| CN112845610B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中冶赛迪信息技术(重庆)有限公司 | Steel rolling power consumption parameter recommendation method and system |
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