CN209330134U - Quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device and corresponding system - Google Patents
Quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device and corresponding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209330134U CN209330134U CN201821752648.4U CN201821752648U CN209330134U CN 209330134 U CN209330134 U CN 209330134U CN 201821752648 U CN201821752648 U CN 201821752648U CN 209330134 U CN209330134 U CN 209330134U
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Abstract
The utility model proposes a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device and corresponding system based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection.The device is used to carry out time bit-phase decoding to the input optical pulse of random polarization state, comprising: preposition beam splitter receives input optical pulse through input port and exports the two-way light pulse obtained by input optical pulse beam splitting through two output ports；With the direct current phase decoder of one of the two output ports optical coupling, merge the two strip optical paths with two reflection unit optical couplings respectively including the first beam splitter, two reflection units, with the first beam splitter optocoupler, and the direct current phase-modulator in one of two strip optical paths, two of them reflection unit are polarized orthogonal rotary reflection device.The utility model provides a kind of time bit-phase code quantum key distribution decoding scheme of anti-polarization induction decline for being easily achieved and applying using polarized orthogonal rotary reflection.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to optical transport private communication technology fields, more particularly to one kind to be based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method, apparatus and the quantum key distribution system including the device
System.
Background technique
Quantum Secure Communication is the forward position focus field that quantum physics are combined with information science.Based on quantum key
Distribution technology and one time cryptosystem principle, quantum secret communication can be in the safe transmissions of overt channel realization information.Quantum is close
Key distribution can be realized based on physical principles such as quantum mechanics Heisenberg uncertainty relationship, quantum non-clone principles in user
Between safely shared key, and can detecte potential eavesdropping behavior, it is contour to can be applied to national defence, government affairs, finance, electric power
The field of security information transmission demand.
Time bit-phase code quantum key distribution uses one group of time base and one group of phase base, and time base uses two
The time mode of a different time position encodes, and phase base is encoded using two phase differences of front and back light pulse.Ground amount
Quantum key distribution is based primarily upon fibre channel transmission, and optical fiber fabrication there are the non-circular symmetrical, fiber core refractive indexs in section radially not
Equal non-idealities are uniformly distributed, and optical fiber is influenced by temperature, strain, bending etc. in the actual environment, can generated random double
Refraction effect.It is influenced by optical fiber random birefringence, when light pulse reaches receiving end after long-distance optical fiber transmits, polarization state
It can occur to change at random.Time base decoding in time bit-phase code is not influenced by polarization state variation, however phase base
When interfering decoding, because of the influence of transmission fiber and decoding interferometer fiber birefringence, there are problems that polarization induction decline, lead
It causes decoding interference unstable, causes the bit error rate to increase, need to increase correcting device, increase system complexity and cost, and right
Stable application is difficult to realize in strong jammings situations such as aerial optical cable, road and bridge optical cables.For quantum key distribution time bit-phase
Encoding scheme, how to carry out to stability and high efficiency phase interference decoding is to carry out quantum secret communication based on existing optical cable infrastructure
The hot spot and problem of application.
Utility model content
The main purpose of the utility model is that proposing that a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection is close
Key distributes time bit-phase decoding method and apparatus, to solve phase in time bit-phase code quantum key distribution application
Phase decoding interferes unstable problem caused by declining when the base decoding of position because of polarization induction.
The utility model provides at least following technical scheme:
1. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection-phase decoding dress
It sets, carries out time bit-phase decoding for the input optical pulse all the way to incident random polarization state, which is characterized in that institute
Stating decoding apparatus includes:
There is input port and two output ports, the input port to be used for for preposition beam splitter, the preposition beam splitter
The input optical pulse is received, described two output ports are respectively used to export the two-way obtained by the input optical pulse beam splitting
Light pulse；And
With the direct current phase solution of an output port optical coupling in described two output ports of the preposition beam splitter
Code device, the direct current phase decoder include the first beam splitter, two reflection units and with the first beam splitter optical coupling
And respectively with two strip optical paths of described two reflection unit optical couplings, first beam splitter couples through the two strips optical path
To described two reflection units, wherein described two reflection units are polarized orthogonal rotary reflection device, the direct current phase solution
Code device has the direct current phase-modulator being located at least one of described two strips optical path,
Wherein the direct current phase-modulator is used to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree to by its light pulse
Direct current phase-modulation.
2. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of circular polarization.
3. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 2 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units respectively include reflecting mirror.
4. according to the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection any in scheme 1 to 3
Time bit-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that first beam splitter is round polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
5. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of linear polarization.
6. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 5 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units respectively include reflecting mirror and quarter-wave plate, the reflecting mirror
It is integrally formed in the quarter-wave plate rear end with the quarter-wave plate, is configured to make wherein stating quarter-wave plate
The polarization direction of one of respective two orthogonal polarisation states of two-way sub-light pulse through the two strips optic path with it is described
The fast axle of quarter-wave plate or the angle of slow axis are 45 degree.
7. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time according to scheme 1 or 5 or 6 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Bit-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that first beam splitter is line polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
8. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of elliptical polarization.
9. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time ratio according to scheme 1 or 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Spy-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that first beam splitter is oval polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
10. according to the HVDC Modulation quantum based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection any in scheme 1,2,3,5,6 and 8
Key distributes time bit-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that and the two strips optical path is to polarize to keep optical path, described two
Optical device in strip optical path is that polarization keeps optical device and/or non-birefringent optical device.
11. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units respectively include 90 degree of rotation faraday's reflecting mirrors, and described first point
Beam device is polarization-maintaining beam splitter or non-polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
12. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that the decoding apparatus further includes the second beam splitter, and second beam splitter is optically coupled to institute
State the another output mouth in described two output ports of preposition beam splitter.
13. a kind of quantum key distribution system, which is characterized in that the quantum key distribution system includes:
According in scheme 1~12 when any described HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Between bit-phase decoding device, the receiving end of the quantum key distribution system is set, be used for time bit-phase solution
Code；And/or
According in scheme 1~12 when any described HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Between bit-phase decoding device, the transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system is set, is compiled for time bit-phase
Code.
The utility model realizes unexpected beneficial effect by creative configuration.For time bit-phase
Quantum key distribution application is encoded, the utility model utilizes two of light pulse in the control phase base decoding of polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
The phase difference of each comfortable decoding interference ring two-arm transmission of a orthogonal polarisation state is equal, realizes the two orthogonal polarisation states simultaneously defeated
Exit port effectively interferes output, is achieved in the immune phase base decoding function of environmental disturbances, makes it possible to realize stable ring
The immune time bit-phase code quantum key distribution solution of border interference.In addition, by receiving end by input light arteries and veins
Beam splitting is rushed to carry out time decoder and phase decoding to this two-way light pulse respectively after two-way light pulse, to light in phase decoding
Pulse carries out direct current and selects keynote system, it may be advantageous to reduce to decode with phase base and select the relevant requirement of phase-modulation when base, especially
Decoding is avoided for High Speed System selects high-speed phase modulation when base to require.The utility model provides one kind and is easy to real
Now and the anti-polarization of application induces time bit-phase code quantum key distribution solution of decline, while avoiding to multiple
The needs of miscellaneous correcting device can be highly suitable for the high speed quantum key distribution application scenarios there are environmental disturbances.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection point of one preferred embodiment of the utility model
Send out time bit-phase decoding method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection point of one preferred embodiment of the utility model
Send out time bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describe the preferred embodiment of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes the application one
Point, and be used to illustrate the principles of the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention.For purpose of clarity and simplification, when it
When the theme of the utility model may be made smudgy, to the detailed specific of the known function and structure of device described herein
Illustrate to omit.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of one preferred embodiment of the utility model point
It is as shown in Figure 1 to send out time bit-phase decoding method, comprising the following steps:
Step S101: being first via light pulse and the second tunnel by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state
Light pulse.
Incident input optical pulse is random polarization state, can be linear polarization, circular polarization or elliptical polarization
Complete polarized light is also possible to partial poolarized light or non-polarized light.
Step S102: according to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to the first via light pulse
And the decoding of time bit is carried out to second tunnel light pulse.
As skilled in the art will understand, it can regard as per light pulse all the way and be made of two orthogonal polarisation states.From
So, the two-way sub-light pulse obtained by light pulse beam splitting all the way can also be regarded as equally by two identical with the road light pulse
Orthogonal polarisation state composition.
According to the utility model, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to the first via light pulse can include:
By the first via light pulse through beam splitter beam splitting be the pulse of two-way sub-light；And
Respectively along two-way sub-light pulse described in two strip optic paths, and the two-way sub-light pulse is subjected to relative time delay
The beam splitter is reflected back to close beam output by the beam splitter through two reflection units respectively afterwards, wherein for the two-way
Each way light pulse in sub-light pulse:
The two of the way light pulse when way light pulse is reflected through the corresponding reflection unit in described two reflection units
A orthogonal polarisation state makees polarized orthogonal rotary reflection, so that after the reflection via the corresponding reflection unit, the way light pulse
Each orthogonal polarisation state be transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state.
For example, it is assumed that the two orthogonal polarisation states are respectively x-polarisation state and y-polarisation state, along optic path to one
It is inclined that the x-polarisation state of reflection unit is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state i.e. y at reflection unit after polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Polarization state, along the y-polarisation state of optic path to the reflection unit be transformed into after polarized orthogonal rotary reflection at reflection unit with
Its orthogonal polarization state, that is, x-polarisation state.
In this way, using the polarized orthogonal rotary reflection at reflection unit, the x-polarisation state for every light pulse all the way that beam splitting obtains
The phase difference through the two strips optic path is exactly equal to the light pulse during beam is closed in beam splitter beam splitting to beam splitter
Y-polarisation state beam splitter beam splitting to beam splitter close beam during the phase difference through the two strips optic path.
In the method, the pulse of two-way sub-light is reflected through two reflection unit reflection odd-times or respectively through two respectively
Device, which reflected after even-times (containing zero degree, i.e., directly transmit), closes beam output by the beam splitter.
In the method for Fig. 1, during beam is closed in the beam splitter beam splitting to the beam splitter, in the two strips optical path
At least one of described two-way sub-light pulse of upper transmission carries out direct current phase-modulation according to quantum key distribution agreement.
Here, relative time delay and phase-modulation are carried out according to the requirement and regulation of quantum key distribution agreement, are not made herein
It is described in detail.
According to a kind of possible configuration, above-mentioned two reflection unit is the orthogonal rotary reflection device of circular polarization.For example, above-mentioned
Two reflection units respectively include reflecting mirror.In this case, above-mentioned beam splitter can be round polarization-maintaining beam splitter.Here, circle is inclined
The orthogonal rotary reflection device that shakes is to refer to make incident circular polarization state light polarized orthogonal rotary reflection, reflecting incidence
By the polarization conversion of the circular polarization state light at the reflection unit of orthogonal to that polarization state when circular polarization state light, it may be assumed that incident
Left circularly polarized light is transformed into orthogonal to that right-circularly polarized light after the orthogonal rotary reflection device reflection of the circular polarization, enters
The right-circularly polarized light penetrated is transformed into orthogonal to that Left-hand circular polarization after the orthogonal rotary reflection device reflection of the circular polarization
Light.
According to alternatively possible configuration, above-mentioned two reflection unit is the orthogonal rotary reflection device of linear polarization.On for example,
Stating two reflection units respectively includes reflecting mirror and quarter-wave plate, and the reflecting mirror is in the quarter-wave plate rear end and institute
It states quarter-wave plate to be integrally formed, wherein the polarization side of one of respective two orthogonal polarisation states of the two-way sub-light pulse
Angle to fast axle or slow axis with the quarter-wave plate is 45 degree.In this case, above-mentioned beam splitter can be line
Polarization-maintaining beam splitter.This reflection unit including reflecting mirror and quarter-wave plate can referred to as " quarter-wave plate reflection
Mirror ", can be by plating reflecting mirror realization in quarter-wave plate plane of crystal, also can be by transmitting phase phase difference in fast and slow axis
90 degree of polarization maintaining optical fibre end face plating reflecting mirror is realized.Here, the orthogonal rotary reflection device of linear polarization is referred to incident line
Polarization state light makees polarized orthogonal rotary reflection, becomes the polarization state of the linear polarization light in the incident linear polarization light of reflection
Change the reflection unit of orthogonal to that polarization state into, it may be assumed that incident x linearly polarized light is filled through the orthogonal rotary reflection of the linear polarization
It is transformed into orthogonal to that y linearly polarized light after setting reflection, incident y linearly polarized light is through the orthogonal rotary reflection device of the linear polarization
Orthogonal to that x linearly polarized light is transformed into after reflection.
According to another possible configuration, above-mentioned two reflection unit is the orthogonal rotary reflection device of elliptical polarization, above-mentioned
Beam splitter can be oval polarization-maintaining beam splitter.In such a case, it is possible to which according to specific oval polarization-maintaining beam splitter, selection is suitble to
Reflection unit.Here, the orthogonal rotary reflection device of elliptical polarization is to refer to polarize just incident elliptical polarization light
Hand over rotary reflection, i.e. reflection incidence elliptical polarization light when by the polarization conversion of the elliptical polarization light at orthogonal to that
Polarization state reflection unit, it may be assumed that incident left-handed elliptically polarized light is reflected through the orthogonal rotary reflection device of the elliptical polarization
It is transformed into orthogonal to that right-handed elliptical polarization light afterwards, incident right-handed elliptical polarization light is anti-through the orthogonal rotation of the elliptical polarization
Orthogonal to that left-handed elliptically polarized light is transformed into after injection device reflection.
It is every in the two-way sub-light pulse obtained advantageously for first via light pulse beam splitting for above several configurations
Sub-light pulse all the way: two orthogonal polarisation states of the way light pulse are kept to fill in the beam splitter beam splitting to the corresponding reflection
It is remained unchanged during setting reflection, and reflexes to during the beam splitter closes beam and remain unchanged in the corresponding reflection unit.This can
For example by configuring polarization holding optical path for the two strips optical path and configuring the optical device in the two strips optical path
Optical device and/or non-birefringent optical device is kept to realize for polarization.
According to also a kind of possible configuration, above-mentioned two reflection unit respectively includes 90 degree of rotation faraday's reflecting mirrors.At this
In the case of kind, above-mentioned beam splitter can be polarization-maintaining beam splitter or non-polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
In the method for Fig. 1, at least one of described two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in the two strips optical path into
Row direct current phase-modulation can include: 0 degree is carried out to one of described two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in the two strips optical path
Direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current phase-modulation.
In the method for Fig. 1, the decoding of time bit is carried out to second tunnel light pulse can include: by second road light
Pulse is directly exported for detecting；Or output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of one preferred embodiment of the utility model point
Time bit-phase decoding device is sent out as shown in Fig. 2, including consisting of part: preposition beam splitter 201,202 and of beam splitter
206, optical circulator 205, direct current phase-modulator 207 and two reflection units 208 and 209.
The optical circulator between preposition beam splitter 201 and beam splitter 206 is not considered first, then before the decoding apparatus of Fig. 2 includes:
Set beam splitter 201；Beam splitter 202；206, two reflection units 208 and 209 of beam splitter and merge with 206 optocoupler of beam splitter
Respectively with two strip optical paths of two optical couplings of reflection unit 208 and 209.Direct current phase tune is provided in one of two strip optical paths
Device 207 processed.206, two reflection units 208 and 209 of beam splitter and two strip optical paths totally can be described as direct current phase decoder.
Two reflection units 208 and 209 are respectively a polarized orthogonal rotary reflection device.
Preposition beam splitter 201 is used to the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state be first via light pulse
With the second tunnel light pulse.
Direct current phase decoder and preposition 201 optical coupling of beam splitter, for receiving the light all the way in above-mentioned two-way light pulse
Pulse simultaneously carries out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to it.For convenience, this all the way light pulse be hereinafter also referred to be first via light
Pulse.
Beam splitter 202 and preposition 201 optical coupling of beam splitter, for receiving the another way light arteries and veins in above-mentioned two-way light pulse
Punching, and output after the another way light pulse beam splitting is used to carry out time bit decoding.Here, it should be noted that beam splitter
202 be optional.The another way light pulse is directly exported by preposition beam splitter 201 and is used to carry out time bit to decode to be possible
's.
The direct current phase decoder constitutes unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, in which:
Beam splitter 206 is used to the first via light pulse beam splitting be the pulse of two-way sub-light；
The two strips optical path is used to transmit the two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing the two-way sub-light pulse
Relative time delay；
Direct current phase-modulator 207 is used for the sub-light pulse through the sub- optic path where it according to quantum key distribution
Agreement carries out direct current phase-modulation；
Two reflection units 208 and 209 through the two strips optic path for respectively by coming from beam splitter 206
The two-way sub-light pulse-echo returns the beam splitter to close beam output by the beam splitter.
Since two reflection units 208 and 209 are polarized orthogonal rotary reflection device, for first via light pulse beam splitting
Obtained each way light pulse in two-way sub-light pulse: the way light pulse is through corresponding anti-in described two reflection units
Two orthogonal polarisation states of the way light pulse make polarized orthogonal rotary reflection when injection device reflects, so that via described corresponding anti-
After the reflection of injection device, each orthogonal polarisation state of the way light pulse is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state.
It can be by adjusting optical path any in two strip optical paths between beam splitter 206 and two reflection units 208,209
Physical length realizes the relative time delay of two-way sub-light pulse.
Direct current phase-modulator 207 modulated 0 degree of phases or 180 degree phases.Direct current phase-modulator 207 can be inclined
The unrelated phase-modulator that shakes perhaps polarizes dependent phase modulator such as polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher or birefringent phase modulator.
Unrelated phase-modulator is polarized to be suitable for carrying out identical phase-modulation to two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse, so
It referred to as polarizes unrelated.For example, polarize unrelated phase-modulator can by the series connection of two birefringent phase modulators or
Parallel connection is realized.According to circumstances, the direct current phase-modulation to light pulse can be realized by a variety of specific meanss.For example, these
Means can include: modulation free space optical path length perhaps the length of modulation optical fiber or utilize serial or parallel connection optical waveguide
Phase-modulator etc..For example, desired direct current phase-modulation can be realized by changing the length of free space optical path with motor.
For another example, phase-modulation can be achieved in by the fiber stretcher using piezoelectric effect come the length of modulation optical fiber.In addition, phase
Position modulator can be suitable for voltage-controlled other types, by applying suitable DC voltage to polarizing unrelated phase-modulation
Device to carry out identical phase-modulation, it can be achieved that desired direct current phase-modulation to two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse.Straight
In the case where flowing phase-modulation, without converting the voltage for being applied to phase-modulator.
Dependent phase modulator such as birefringent phase modulator is polarized, suitable for applying to by its two orthogonal polarisation states
Add different adjustable phase-modulations.For example, birefringent phase modulator can be lithium niobate phase modulator, applied by control
The voltage of lithium columbate crystal is added to, two orthogonal polarisation states by the lithium niobate phase modulator can be respectively subjected to
Phase-modulation is controlled and is adjusted.
Above-mentioned direct current phase decoder can optionally have following setting:
A) two reflection units 208 and 209 are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of circular polarization, such as two 208 Hes of reflection unit
209 respectively include reflecting mirror；Beam splitter 206 is round polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
B) two reflection units 208 and 209 are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of linear polarization, such as two 208 Hes of reflection unit
209 include respectively reflecting mirror and quarter-wave plate, and the reflecting mirror is in the quarter-wave plate rear end and a quarter
Wave plate is integrally formed, wherein the polarization direction and described four of one of respective two orthogonal polarisation states of the two-way sub-light pulse
The fast axle of/mono- wave plate or the angle of slow axis are 45 degree；Beam splitter 206 is line polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
C) two reflection units 208 and 209 are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of elliptical polarization；Beam splitter 206 is oval polarization-maintaining
Beam splitter.In such a case, it is possible to select suitable reflection unit according to specific oval polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
D) two reflection units 208 and 209 respectively include 90 degree of rotation faraday's reflecting mirrors；Beam splitter 206 is polarization-maintaining beam splitting
Device or non-polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
Using setting a), b) or c), advantageously, in direct current phase decoder, for first via light arteries and veins
The each way light pulse rushed in the two-way sub-light pulse that beam splitting obtains: two orthogonal polarisation states of the way light pulse are kept to exist
Beam splitter beam splitting remains unchanged during reflecting to corresponding reflection unit, and reflexes to the beam splitter in the corresponding reflection unit
It is remained unchanged during closing beam.This for example can keep optical path and by described two by configuring polarization for the two strips optical path
The optical device of sub-light road is configured to polarization and optical device and/or non-birefringent optical device is kept to realize.
The unequal arm Michelson's interferometer that direct current phase decoder is constituted can be polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson interference
Instrument or non-polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer depend on concrete configuration.
As shown, the device of Fig. 2 further includes optical circulator 205.Optical circulator 205 is located at point of direct current phase decoder
206 front end of beam device.In the case, direct current phase decoder is constituted the input port of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer and defeated
One of exit port is same port.First via light pulse from preposition beam splitter 201 can be from the first end of optical circulator 205
Mouth A is inputted and is exported from the second port B of optical circulator 205 to beam splitter 206, and the conjunction beam output from beam splitter 206 can be defeated
Enter to the second port B of optical circulator 205 and is exported from the third port C of optical circulator 205.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device as shown in figure 3, including consisting of part: beam splitter 303 and 304, optical circulator
307, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308, direct current phase-modulator 309 and reflecting mirror 310 and 311.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308 is circle polarization-maintaining
Fiber optic splitter.
Beam splitter 303 is used as preposition beam splitter, input terminal of one of two ports 301 and 302 of one side as device
Mouthful.Beam splitter 304 will be exported after the beam splitting of light pulse all the way from beam splitter 303 by port 305 or 306.From optical circulator
The light pulse of 307 first port A input is exported by the second port B of optical circulator 307, defeated from the port B of optical circulator 307
The light pulse entered is exported by the third port C of optical circulator 307.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308 and reflecting mirror 310,311 form polarization-maintaining not
Equiarm Michelson's interferometer, two strip light pulses therebetween are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path.Direct current phase-modulator 309 is inserted into polarization-maintaining
Any arm in the two-arm of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.The light pulse of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer is inputted through solving
It is exported after code by port 312, or another output port through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308 is transmitted to the port B of optical circulator 307 simultaneously
It is exported after the port C of optical circulator 307 output by port 313.
When work, input optical pulse enters beam splitter 303 through the port 301 or 302 of beam splitter 303, and by beam splitter 303
Two-way light pulse is beamed into be transmitted.Light pulse all the way from beam splitter 303 is input to beam splitter 304, and by beam splitter
It is exported by port 305 or 306 for carrying out time bit decoding after 304 beam splitting.Another way light pulse warp from beam splitter 303
The port A of optical circulator 307 is inputted and is exported by the port B of optical circulator 307 to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the another way light pulse beam splitting.Sub-light pulse modulates 0 degree of phase through direct current phase-modulator 309 all the way
Or reflected after 180 degree phase by reflecting mirror 310, the pulse of another way sub-light is directly transmitted to reflecting mirror 311 through polarization maintaining optical fibre
And it is reflected by reflecting mirror 311.It is reflected through the two-way sub-light pulse of relative time delay through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 308 close beam after
Exported by port 312, or be transmitted to optical circulator 307 port B and by the port C of optical circulator 307 output after by port
313 outputs.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device as shown in figure 4, including consisting of part: beam splitter 403 and 404, optical circulator
407, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408, direct current phase-modulator 409 and quarter-wave plate reflecting mirror 410 and 411.Quarter-wave
Piece reflecting mirror 410,411 can plate reflecting mirror for quarter-wave plate plane of crystal and realize, also can transmit phase phase by fast and slow axis
Poor 90 degree of polarization maintaining optical fibre end face plating reflecting mirror is realized.The polarization maintaining optical fibre being connect with quarter-wave plate reflecting mirror 410,411
Fast axle or slow axis are 45 degree with the angle of the fast axle of corresponding quarter-wave plate or slow axis.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408 is line guarantor
Inclined fiber optic splitter.
Beam splitter 403 is used as preposition beam splitter, input terminal of one of two ports 401 and 402 of one side as device
Mouthful.Beam splitter 404 will be exported after the beam splitting of light pulse all the way from beam splitter 403 by port 405 or 406.From optical circulator
The light pulse of 407 first port A input is exported by the second port B of optical circulator 407, defeated from the port B of optical circulator 407
The light pulse entered is exported by the third port C of optical circulator 407.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408 and quarter-wave plate reflecting mirror 410,
411 composition polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometers, two strip optical paths therebetween are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path.Direct current phase-modulator
Any arm in the two-arm of 409 insertion polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometers.Input polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer
Light pulse it is decoded after exported by port 412, or another output port through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408 is transmitted to ring of light shape
The port B of device 407 is simultaneously exported after the port C of circulator 407 output by port 413.
When work, input optical pulse enters beam splitter 403 through the port 401 or 402 of beam splitter 403, and by beam splitter 403
Two-way light pulse is beamed into be transmitted.Light pulse all the way from beam splitter 403 is input to beam splitter 404, and by beam splitter
It is exported by port 405 or 406 for carrying out time bit decoding after 404 beam splitting.Another way light pulse warp from beam splitter 403
The port A of optical circulator 407 is inputted and is exported by the port B of optical circulator 407 to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the another way light pulse beam splitting.Sub-light pulse modulates 0 degree of phase through direct current phase-modulator 409 all the way
Or reflected after 180 degree phase by quarter-wave plate reflecting mirror 410, another way sub-light pulse is directly transmitted through polarization maintaining optical fibre
It is reflected to quarter-wave plate reflecting mirror 411 and by quarter-wave plate reflecting mirror 411.It is reflected through relative time delay
The pulse of two-way sub-light exported after polarization-maintaining beam splitter 408 closes beam by port 412, or be transmitted to the port of optical circulator 407
B and by being exported after the port C of optical circulator 407 output by port 413.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection of another preferred embodiment of the utility model
Distribute time bit-phase decoding device as shown in figure 5, including consisting of part: beam splitter 503 and 504, optical circulator
507, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508, direct current phase-modulator 509 and 90 degree of rotation faraday reflecting mirrors 510 and 511.
Beam splitter 503 is used as preposition beam splitter, input terminal of one of two ports 501 and 502 of one side as device
Mouthful.Beam splitter 504 will be exported after the beam splitting of light pulse all the way from beam splitter 503 by port 505 or 506.From optical circulator
The light pulse of 507 first port A input is exported by the second port B of optical circulator 507, defeated from the port B of optical circulator 507
The light pulse entered is exported by the third port C of optical circulator 507.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 and 90 degree rotates faraday's reflecting mirror
510,511 composition polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, two strip optical paths therebetween are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path.Direct current phase tune
Device 509 processed is inserted into any arm in the two-arm of polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.It is dry to input polarization-maintaining unequal arm Michelson
It is exported after the light pulse of interferometer is decoded by port 512, or another output port through polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 is transmitted to light
The port B of circulator 507 is simultaneously exported after the port C of optical circulator 507 output by port 513.
When work, input optical pulse enters beam splitter 503 through the port 501 or 502 of beam splitter 503, and by beam splitter 503
Two-way light pulse is beamed into be transmitted.Light pulse all the way from beam splitter 503 is input to beam splitter 504, and by beam splitter
It is exported by port 505 or 506 for carrying out time bit decoding after 504 beam splitting.Another way light pulse warp from beam splitter 503
The port A of optical circulator 507 is inputted and is exported from the port B of optical circulator 507 to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the another way light pulse beam splitting.Sub-light pulse modulates 0 degree of phase through direct current phase-modulator 509 all the way
Or reflected after 180 degree phase by 90 degree of rotation faraday reflecting mirrors 510, another way sub-light pulse is directly passed through polarization maintaining optical fibre
It transports to 90 degree of rotation faraday reflecting mirrors 511 and is reflected by 90 degree of rotation faraday reflecting mirrors 511.It is reflected through phase
The two-way sub-light pulse of delay is exported after polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 closes beam by port 512, or is transferred to optical circulator
507 port B and by being exported after the port C of optical circulator 507 output by port 513.
Although described above is the unequal arm Michelson's interferometers in Fig. 5 to use polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 and polarization maintaining optical fibre
Optical path, but for the unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 can be replaced with non-polarization-maintaining coupler, and/or use
Non PM fiber replaces polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path.
Herein, term " beam splitter " and " bundling device " are used interchangeably, and beam splitter is also referred to as and as bundling device, instead
?.Herein, " polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path " refers to the optical path or polarization maintaining optical fibre connection shape using polarization maintaining optical fibre transmission light pulse
At optical path.
Can the receiving end of quantum key distribution system configure the utility model based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device is used for time bit-phase decoding.Alternatively, it is also possible to
The HVDC Modulation quantum based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection that the transmitting terminal of quantum key distribution system configures the utility model is close
Key distributes time bit-phase decoding device, is used for time bit-phase code.
It should be able to be the technology hand reaching predetermined purpose and being taken to the utility model by the explanation of specific embodiment
Section and effect have more deeply and it is specific understand, however appended diagram is only to provide reference and description and is used, and is not used to pair
The utility model limits.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection is used
Time bit-phase decoding is carried out in the input optical pulse all the way to incident random polarization state, which is characterized in that the decoding
Device includes:
Preposition beam splitter, the preposition beam splitter have input port and two output ports, and the input port is for receiving
The input optical pulse, described two output ports are respectively used to export the two-way light arteries and veins obtained by the input optical pulse beam splitting
Punching；And
With the direct current phase decoder of an output port optical coupling in described two output ports of the preposition beam splitter,
The direct current phase decoder includes the first beam splitter, two reflection units and merges difference with the first beam splitter optocoupler
With two strip optical paths of described two reflection unit optical couplings, first beam splitter is coupled to described through the two strips optical path
Two reflection units, wherein described two reflection units are polarized orthogonal rotary reflection device, the direct current phase decoding utensil
There is the direct current phase-modulator being located at least one of described two strips optical path,
Wherein the direct current phase-modulator is used to carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current to by its light pulse
Phase-modulation.
2. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of circular polarization.
3. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 2 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units respectively include reflecting mirror.
4. the HVDC Modulation quantum key according to any one of claim 1 to 3 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection point
Send out time bit-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that first beam splitter is round polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
5. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of linear polarization.
6. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 5 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units respectively include reflecting mirror and quarter-wave plate, the reflecting mirror
It is integrally formed in the quarter-wave plate rear end with the quarter-wave plate, is configured to make wherein stating quarter-wave plate
The polarization direction of one of respective two orthogonal polarisation states of two-way sub-light pulse through the two strips optic path with it is described
The fast axle of quarter-wave plate or the angle of slow axis are 45 degree.
7. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time described according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Bit-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that first beam splitter is line polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
8. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units are the orthogonal rotary reflection device of elliptical polarization.
9. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time ratio based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection according to claim 1 or 8
Spy-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that first beam splitter is oval polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
10. according to claim 1, based on the HVDC Modulation amount of polarized orthogonal rotary reflection described in any one of 2,3,5,6 and 8
Quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device, which is characterized in that the two strips optical path is that polarization keeps optical path, described
Optical device in two strip optical paths is that polarization keeps optical device and/or non-birefringent optical device.
11. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that described two reflection units respectively include 90 degree of rotation faraday's reflecting mirrors, and described first point
Beam device is polarization-maintaining beam splitter or non-polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
12. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotary reflection
Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that the decoding apparatus further includes the second beam splitter, and second beam splitter is optically coupled to institute
State the another output mouth in described two output ports of preposition beam splitter.
13. a kind of quantum key distribution system, which is characterized in that the quantum key distribution system includes:
Based on the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution of polarized orthogonal rotary reflection described according to claim 1~any one of 12
Time bit-phase decoding device, is arranged in the receiving end of the quantum key distribution system, is used for time bit-phase
Decoding；And/or
Based on the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution of polarized orthogonal rotary reflection described according to claim 1~any one of 12
Time bit-phase decoding device, is arranged in the transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system, is used for time bit-phase
Coding.
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