CN209311685U - A kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems - Google Patents
A kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN209311685U CN209311685U CN201821749349.5U CN201821749349U CN209311685U CN 209311685 U CN209311685 U CN 209311685U CN 201821749349 U CN201821749349 U CN 201821749349U CN 209311685 U CN209311685 U CN 209311685U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems.The system realizes the efficient of littoral zone each region, high-precision, high-resolution and a wide range of, remote detection operations.Its cardinal principle is: laser light source synchronized transmissions go out the three beams of laser pulse of different wave length, and send an original trigger signal to timekeeping system, and timekeeping system starts timing；Three beams of laser pulse enters scanning system after emission system beam-expanding collimation；Scanning system control laser pulse is scanned target surface to be measured, and laser pulse returns to scanning system after object to be measured surface reflection, and echo optical signal is reflexed to receiving light path system by scanning system；Receiving light path system collects echo optical signal, then echo optical signal is reflexed to laser detection system；Received echo optical signal is converted photo-signal output by laser detection system；Timekeeping system receive photo-signal after terminate timing, thus obtain object to be measured surface to scanning system range information.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to technical field of laser detection, more particularly, to a kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems.
Background technique:
With the development of national economy, a system such as Tidal Flat Reclamation, aquaculture, mining, preparing salt by working up seawater, dynamic power
The development of column coastal zone resources is just carried out on a large scale, and shore protection builds the coastal engineerings construction such as port, waterway dredging, harbour improvement
Also it is carrying out rapidly, coasting navigation activity is also being continuously increased.And littoral zone is the military key area for being located in national defence outpost, it was both
It is anti-landing and active defense one of the main battle ground of logging in of future war, while is that the base in pool of naval and the army cooperate with again
The key area of operation, therefore, the mapping operations of coastal region are particularly important, especially rapid survey Coastal Zone Terrain
Figure all has important strategic importance for China's reasonable development, using marine resources and guarantee maritime rights and interests and territorial integrity
And application value in army.
Since seawater acts on shielding electromagnetic waves, traditional sea-floor relief detection is using boat-carrying sonar technology come real
It is existing, and in the extremely shallow intertidal zone of seawater and islands and reefs region, by the passage and rate limitation of boat measurement platform, mapping efficiency is extremely low, at
The bottleneck surveyed and drawn for littoral zone and sea island reef.
Multispectral remote sensing depth measurement and microwave remote sensing detection require to establish image information and marine physics and atmospheric parameter it
Between complicated correlation model, since there are non-linear and biggish uncertain between image information and marine physics and atmospheric parameter
Property, model is not high to different water body practicabilities, larger so as to cause model error.In shallow water area, water body is by wave, tide
Generally several meters are influenced even to more than ten meters, although multispectral and microwave remote sensing depth measurement can inhibit the shadow of wave well with ocean current
It rings, but also relatively difficult to the opposite total accuracy of sounding for reaching 10% or more.
Multibeam echosounding is current most widely used sea-floor relief detecting devices, it is by multi-beam acoustic subsystem, more
Beam space position sensor subsystem, data acquisition and processing (DAP) subsystem composition.Multibeam sounding system is surveyed area in deep water and is had
There is very big advantage, but the measurement efficiency of shallow water area is not high within 50 meters, it is very close to realize that all standing measurement needs to lay
The survey line of collection.Meanwhile multibeam sounding system is hard to reach shallow sea, islands and reefs, submerged reef generally using large tonnage naval vessel as carrier
With non-security waters.
It can be seen that conventional ocean remote sensing Depth extraction technology, simple beam and multibeam echosounding technology are to shallow water, island
All there are some unsurmountable defects in the water-depth measurement of reef, submerged reef and non-security waters.
Also occurred a kind of single band laser radar detection device in recent years, but single band laser radar detection device knot
Structure is simple, bulky, is not able to satisfy onboard requirement.In addition, optical path and Scan Architecture are single, be not able to satisfy it is quick, a wide range of,
Remote plotting demand.
Utility model content:
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model devises a kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems, real
The efficient of littoral zone each region, high-precision, high-resolution and a wide range of, remote detection operations are showed.
To realize above-mentioned target, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems, including laser light source, emission system, scanning system, receiving light path system
System, laser detection system and timekeeping system；
Laser light source synchronized transmissions go out the three beams of laser pulse of different wave length, and send one to the timekeeping system simultaneously
Original trigger signal, timekeeping system start timing；
Three beams of laser pulse enters the scanning system after the emission system beam-expanding collimation；
The scanning system control laser pulse is scanned target surface to be measured, and laser pulse passes through object to be measured table
The scanning system is returned to after the reflection of face, echo optical signal is reflexed to the receiving light path system by the scanning system；
The receiving light path system collects the echo optical signal of target reflection, then echo optical signal is reflexed to laser acquisition
System；
Laser detection system receives echo optical signal, and converts photo-signal output for echo optical signal；
The timekeeping system terminates timing after receiving the photo-signal, to obtain object to be measured surface to scanning system
The range information of system.(when specific operation: by the time of acquisition, the light velocity to calculate range information)
Further, the laser light source includes laser controller and the first optical fiber laser, the second optical-fiber laser
Device, third optical fiber laser；
Three fiber laser lights of the laser controller synchronously control and synchronous transmission original trigger signal extremely meter
When system；
The wavelength of first optical fiber laser is 532nm；The wavelength of second optical fiber laser is 1064nm；It is described
The wavelength of third optical fiber laser is 1550nm.
Further, the emission system includes the first beam-expanding collimation lens group of same optical axis setting, the second beam-expanding collimation
Lens group and third beam-expanding collimation lens group；The first beam-expanding collimation lens group exports first optical fiber laser
Light beam carries out beam-expanding collimation；The light beam that the second beam-expanding collimation lens group exports second optical fiber laser expands
Collimation；The third beam-expanding collimation lens group carries out beam-expanding collimation to the light beam that the third optical fiber laser exports.
Further, the scanning system include the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, pendulum mirror and with pendulum mirror controller；Institute
State the mirror surface of the first reflecting mirror and the optical axis angle at 45 ° of the emission system, and the optical axis of the emission system passes through described the
The center of one reflecting mirror；Second reflecting mirror is parallel with the mirror surface of first reflecting mirror；The pendulum mirror is anti-with described second
Mirror surface, the mirror surface of first reflecting mirror for penetrating mirror are parallel, and with emission system, receiving light path system optical axis at
45° angle, and the optical axis of the receiving light path system passes through the center of second reflecting mirror and the center of the scanning reflection mirror；
The pendulum mirror controller is connect with pendulum mirror, one centered on the optical axis dimension rotation of control pendulum mirror.
Further, above-mentioned receiving light path system includes receiving reflection primary mirror and reception reflection secondary mirror；The reception reflection
The center of primary mirror offers a light admission port；
The echo optical signal of object to be measured surface reflection is reflected into reception reflection primary mirror, the reception by the scanning system
Echo optical signal reflection is converged to the reception again and reflects secondary mirror by reflection primary mirror, is received reflection secondary mirror and is carried out to echo optical signal
Secondary reflection, and received after passing through the light admission port after converging echo optical signal by laser detection system.
Further, above-mentioned laser detection system includes the first spectroscope, the second spectroscope, the first photodetector, the
Two photodetectors and third photodetector；
First spectroscope and second spectroscope with the optical axis angle at 45 ° of the receiving light path system；It is described
The signal light of a length of 532nm of echo optical signal medium wave is reflected into first photodetection with the first component by the first spectroscope
Device, and remaining echo optical signal is transmitted to second spectroscope；
The signal light of a length of 1064nm of echo optical signal medium wave is reflected into described by second spectroscope with second component
Second photodetector, and the signal light of a length of 1550nm of echo optical signal medium wave is transmitted to the third light with third component
Electric explorer.
Further, the timekeeping system includes trigger circuit and timing circuit, and the laser light source emits laser pulse
While send an original trigger signal to the trigger circuit, timing circuit described in trigger circuit triggers starts timing；
The trigger circuit, which receives, to be triggered the timing circuit after the photo-signal of the laser detection system and stops
Timing；Timing circuit output starts timer time and terminates the time difference of timer time.
The utility model beneficial effect is:
1, system involved in the utility model travels to and fro between the time of scanning system and target by measuring pulse laser, leads to
Spend time for will measuring is calculated at a distance from scanning system and target with light velocity multiplication, and this method has that precision is high, speed
Fastly, the good advantage of stability.
2, the utility model is detected simultaneously using the optical fiber lasers of three different-wavebands, can simultaneously to earth's surface and under water
Realization of goal is quick and precisely imaged, and obtains the comprehensive surface texture image of littoral zone target.
3, the reception reflection primary mirror and reception reflection secondary mirror that the utility model uses are graceful golden reflecting mirror, can not only be real
Now to the reflection of light, and at the same time can be with compression light beam angle, and imaging aberration is corrected, substantially increase system
Measurement accuracy.
4, the utility model controls laser by pendulum mirror and carries out the first dimensional searches to target surface to be measured, which swashs
Optical detection and ranging system is installed aboard, is realized by aircraft to the second dimensional searches of target surface, by scanning system and mesh
Scanning to target surface third dimension is realized in the measurement of target distance, and the 3-D scanning of target is imaged to realize, can be with
The three-dimensional coordinate information of the acquisition target of comprehensive efficiently and accurately.
5, the utility model optical system structure is compact, cheap, detects efficiently and accurately, while passing through time, speed
And the formula of distance simple and quick can measure the distance between object to be measured surface and system, have very strong practicability
And operability, application prospect are huge.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the utility model basic principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment.
Appended drawing reference is as follows:
1- laser light source, 11- laser controller, the first optical fiber laser of 12-, the second optical fiber laser of 13-, 14-
Three optical fiber lasers；
2- emission system, the first beam-expanding collimation of 21- lens group, the second beam-expanding collimation of 22- lens group, 23- third expand standard
Straight lens group；
3- scanning system, the first reflecting mirror of 31-, the second reflecting mirror of 32-, 33- pendulum mirror, 34- put mirror controller；
4- receiving light path system, 41- receive reflection primary mirror, 42- receives reflection secondary mirror；
5- laser detection system, 51 first spectroscopes, the second spectroscope of 52-, the first photodetector of 53-, 54- third light
Electric explorer, the second photodetector of 55-；
6- timekeeping system, 61- trigger circuit, 62- timing circuit.
7- object to be measured.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the basic principle of the utility model is:
A kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems, including laser light source 1, emission system 2, scanning system 3, receiving light path
System 4, laser detection system 5 and timekeeping system 6；
1 synchronized transmissions of laser light source go out the three beams of laser pulse of different wave length, and send at the beginning of one to timekeeping system 6 simultaneously
Beginning trigger signal, timekeeping system 6 start timing；Three beams of laser pulse enters scanning system after 2 beam-expanding collimation of emission system
3；Scanning system 3 controls laser pulse and is scanned to target surface 7 to be measured, and laser pulse is reflected by object to be measured surface 7
After return to the scanning system 3, echo optical signal is reflexed to the receiving light path system 4 by scanning system 3；Receiving light path system
4 collect the echo optical signal of target reflection, then echo optical signal is reflexed to laser detection system 5；Laser detection system 5 receives
Echo optical signal, and photo-signal output is converted by echo optical signal；Timekeeping system 6 is tied after receiving the photo-signal
Beam timing is multiplied with the light velocity range information of scanning system 3 and object to be measured 7 is calculated by that will measure the time.
Specific introduction is made to the utility model below in conjunction with one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2:
One, emit the laser of three beams different-waveband, and triggering timing starts；
11 synchronously control the first optical fiber laser 12 of laser controller, the second optical fiber laser 13 and third optical-fiber laser
Device 14.The first optical fiber laser 12, the second optical fiber laser 13 and third optical fiber laser 14 is set to be simultaneously emitted by laser pulse, the
The laser pulse wavelength of one laser 12 is 532nm；The laser pulse wavelength of second laser 13 is 1064nm；Third laser
14 laser pulse wavelength is 1550nm.It should be noted is that: 532nm green light band laser beam has stronger seawater
Penetration capacity, for generating seabed involuting wave signal；The laser beam of 1064nm near infrared band is used to generate sea return light letter
Number, the two is implemented in combination with effective measurement to the depth of water.1064nm and 1550nm wave band respectively has vegetation and soil stronger
Reflection characteristic, to realize the detection to continental rise target.
Laser controller is controlling the first optical fiber laser 12, the second optical fiber laser 13 and third optical fiber laser 14
A timing electric pulse is sent while light out to trigger circuit 61, the synchronous triggering timing circuit 62 of trigger circuit 61 starts to count
When.
2, laser alignment
The pulse laser that first optical fiber laser 12 issues is through 21 collimator and extender of the first beam-expanding collimation lens group；Second optical fiber
The pulse laser that laser 13 issues is through 22 collimator and extender of the second beam-expanding collimation lens group；The arteries and veins that first optical fiber laser 14 issues
Impulse light is parallel to each other through 23 collimator and extender of third beam-expanding collimation lens group, the optical axis of the light of three collimation lens sets outgoing.
3, target surface to be measured is scanned
It is reached by tri- road laser pulse of collimator and extender Hou via the reflection of the first reflecting mirror 31 and the second reflecting mirror 32
Mirror 33 is put, the first reflecting mirror 31 and the second reflecting mirror 32 are all plane mirror, and the light with the outgoing of three collimation lens sets
Optical axis angle at 45 °, reflected waveband covers 532nm, 1064nm and 1550nm.First reflecting mirror 31 and the second reflecting mirror 32 are flat
Row, and it is all parallel with the optical axis of three collimation lens set emergent rays.It puts the control pendulum mirror 33 of mirror controller 34 and manipulates light scanning
Object to be measured surface, pendulum mirror are plane mirror, are parallel to each other with the first reflecting mirror 31 and the second reflecting mirror 32, and rotate dimension
For horizontal dimensions.
4, the reception of echo optical signal
Echo optical signal after object to be measured reflects returns to pendulum mirror 33, pendulum 33 reflection echo optical signal of mirror to the second reflection
Echo optical signal is reflected into reception reflection primary mirror 41 by mirror 32, the second reflecting mirror 32, is received reflection primary mirror 41 and is again believed echo light
It number is reflected into reception reflection secondary mirror 42, receiving reflection primary mirror 41 and receiving reflection secondary mirror 42 is graceful golden reflecting mirror, reflected waveband
Cover 532nm, 1064nm and 1550nm.Graceful gold reflecting mirror is reflected by a spherical reflector and a falcate being affixed with it
Lens composition, receiving reflection primary mirror 41 and receiving the receiving light path system that reflection secondary mirror 42 forms may be implemented to the anti-of light
It penetrates, compression light beam angle, and imaging aberration is corrected, the center for receiving reflection primary mirror 41 is equipped with light admission port, the second reflection
Edge reflections of the light of the reflection of mirror 32 by receiving reflection primary mirror 41 receive reflection secondary mirror 42 and again will to reflection secondary mirror 42 is received
Echo optical signal reflection reaches the first spectroscope 51 across the light admission port for receiving reflection 41 center of primary mirror, and the first spectroscope will be to will return
The signal light component of a length of 532nm of wave optical signal medium wave is reflected into the first photodetector 53, and the first photodetector is by 532nm
The optical signal of wavelength is converted into photo-signal, meanwhile, the first 51 pairs of spectroscope by a length of 1064nm of echo optical signal medium wave and
The signal light component of 1550nm is transmitted to the second spectroscope 52, and the signal light that wavelength is 1064nm is reflected by the second spectroscope 52
The signal light that wavelength is 1064nm is converted photo-signal by second photodetector 55, the second photodetector 55, and second
The signal light of a length of 1550nm of echo optical signal medium wave is transmitted to third photodetector 54, third photodetection by spectroscope 52
The signal light that wavelength is 1550nm is converted photo-signal by device 54；First photodetector 53, the second photodetector 55
The photo-signal exported with third photodetector 54 is sent to trigger circuit 61, and trigger circuit 61 issues trigger signal and arrives
Timing circuit 62, timing circuit stop timing, and timing circuit output starts timer time and stops the time difference of timer time
According to, so that the distance of object to be measured point to scanning system (pendulum mirror reflecting surface) is calculated using time, the light velocity, realization detection mesh
's.
Thus above structure is as it can be seen that utility model device has precision high, and speed is fast, the good advantage of stability.Due to
Three wave band airborne laser radar systems by different-waveband laser light source, emission system, receiving light path system, laser detection system with
And timekeeping system composition, have the advantage of multi-wavelength uniqueness: because it is active Detection Techniques, by earth background radiation and shade
Deng interference very little, and there is certain penetration to trees and forest, the accuracy of target identification can be effectively improved；Have
High distance resolution and angular resolution quickly accurately obtains the three-dimensional information of target area and the motion state of target；
Have in the application of target acquisition, identification and tracking it is irreplaceable excellent, can directly acquire high-precision three-dimensional terrain information and
The data that radiation intensity image combines.
It is noted that above-described embodiment does not limit the utility model in any form, it is all to use equivalent replacement or equivalent
The mode of transformation technical solution obtained, all falls in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems, it is characterised in that: including laser light source, emission system, scanning system, connect
Receive light path system, laser detection system and timekeeping system；
Laser light source synchronized transmissions go out the three beams of laser pulse of different wave length, and send one initially to the timekeeping system simultaneously
Trigger signal, timekeeping system start timing；
Three beams of laser pulse enters the scanning system after the emission system beam-expanding collimation；
Scanning system control laser pulse is scanned target surface to be measured, and laser pulse is after object to be measured surface reflection
The scanning system is returned to, echo optical signal is reflexed to the receiving light path system by the scanning system；
The receiving light path system collects the echo optical signal of target reflection, then echo optical signal is reflexed to laser acquisition system
System；
Laser detection system receives echo optical signal, and converts photo-signal output for echo optical signal；
The timekeeping system terminates timing after receiving the photo-signal, so that obtaining object to be measured surface arrives scanning system
Range information.
2. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: laser light source includes laser
Controller and the first optical fiber laser, the second optical fiber laser, third optical fiber laser；
Three fiber laser lights of the laser controller synchronously control simultaneously synchronize transmission original trigger signal to timing system
System；
The wavelength of first optical fiber laser is 532nm；The wavelength of second optical fiber laser is 1064nm；The third
The wavelength of optical fiber laser is 1550nm.
3. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the emission system includes same
The first beam-expanding collimation lens group, the second beam-expanding collimation lens group and the third beam-expanding collimation lens group of optical axis setting；
The first beam-expanding collimation lens group carries out beam-expanding collimation to the light beam that first optical fiber laser exports；Described second
Beam-expanding collimation lens group carries out beam-expanding collimation to the light beam that second optical fiber laser exports；The third beam-expanding collimation lens
Group carries out beam-expanding collimation to the light beam that the third optical fiber laser exports.
4. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the scanning system includes the
One reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, pendulum mirror and with pendulum mirror controller；
The mirror surface of first reflecting mirror and the optical axis angle at 45 ° of the emission system, and the optical axis of the emission system passes through
The center of first reflecting mirror；Second reflecting mirror is parallel with the mirror surface of first reflecting mirror；The pendulum mirror with it is described
The mirror surface of second reflecting mirror, the mirror surface of first reflecting mirror are parallel, and the light with emission system, receiving light path system
Axis angle at 45 °；
The pendulum mirror controller is connect with pendulum mirror, one centered on the optical axis dimension rotation of control pendulum mirror.
5. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the receiving light path system packet
It includes reception reflection primary mirror and receives reflection secondary mirror；The center for receiving reflection primary mirror offers a light admission port；
The echo optical signal of object to be measured surface reflection is reflected into reception reflection primary mirror, the reception reflection by the scanning system
Echo optical signal reflection is converged to the reception again and reflects secondary mirror by primary mirror, and it is secondary to echo optical signal progress to receive reflection secondary mirror
Reflection, and received after passing through the light admission port after converging echo optical signal by laser detection system.
6. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: reception reflection primary mirror and
Receiving reflection secondary mirror is graceful golden reflecting mirror, and reflected waveband covers 532nm, 1064nm and 1550nm.
7. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the laser detection system packet
Include the first spectroscope, the second spectroscope, the first photodetector, the second photodetector and third photodetector；
First spectroscope and second spectroscope with the optical axis angle at 45 ° of the receiving light path system；Described first
The signal light of a length of 532nm of echo optical signal medium wave is reflected into first photodetector with the first component by spectroscope, and
Remaining echo optical signal is transmitted to second spectroscope；
The signal light of a length of 1064nm of echo optical signal medium wave is reflected into described second with second component by second spectroscope
Photodetector, and the signal light of a length of 1550nm of echo optical signal medium wave is transmitted to the third photoelectricity with third component and is visited
Survey device.
8. three wave bands airborne laser radar system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the timekeeping system includes touching
Power Generation Road and timing circuit, the laser light source send an original trigger signal to the triggering while emitting laser pulse
Circuit, timing circuit described in trigger circuit triggers start timing；
The trigger circuit, which receives, to be triggered the timing circuit after the photo-signal of the laser detection system and stops timing；
Timing circuit output starts timer time and terminates the time difference of timer time.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109298431A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems |
| CN113391323A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-09-14 | 南京理工大学 | Small-opening cascade synchronous scanning underwater laser full-circumferential detection method |
| CN109298431B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2024-05-31 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Three-band airborne laser radar system |
-
2018
- 2018-10-26 CN CN201821749349.5U patent/CN209311685U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109298431A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of three wave band airborne laser radar systems |
| CN109298431B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2024-05-31 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Three-band airborne laser radar system |
| CN113391323A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-09-14 | 南京理工大学 | Small-opening cascade synchronous scanning underwater laser full-circumferential detection method |
| CN113391323B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-10-13 | 南京理工大学 | Underwater laser full-circumferential detection method for cascade synchronous scanning of small openings |
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Granted publication date: 20190827 Termination date: 20201026 |