CN209217113U - A kind of battery unit, stacks of cells and battery module - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of battery unit, stacks of cells and battery module that can be reduced short circuit phenomenon and occur, ensure battery security.The battery unit includes battery core, battery core includes positive electrode and cathode component, positive electrode includes positive plate and anode insulation frame, cathode component includes negative electrode tab and negative insulation frame, positive plate is fitted into anode insulation frame, negative electrode tab is fitted into negative insulation frame, and battery core further includes isolation film, and isolation film separates positive plate and negative electrode tab.Anode insulation frame and negative insulation frame make in winding process anode and cathode cladding good, and the probability of dislocation or displacement occurs for the positive/negative plate for reducing battery, to guarantee the security performance and service performance of battery unit.

Description

A kind of battery unit, stacks of cells and battery module

Technical field

The utility model relates to field of batteries, in particular to a kind of battery unit, stacks of cells and battery module.

Background technique

In today's society, with the swift and violent progress of mobile device industry, various related needs are growing, in addition new energy Source automobile industry is carried forward vigorously, and the battery industry used as the mobile device energy has also welcome vigorous growth.To use Electrode material divide, the battery of mainstream is lithium battery at present, it be it is a kind of using the lithium materials such as lithium metal or lithium alloy as bearing The material of pole piece, using non-aqueous solution as the green energy resource battery of electrolyte.The structure of battery component is distinguished, there is takeup type Structure and laminated structure, winding-structure are to separate continuous positive plate and negative electrode tab by isolation film to be wound；And In laminated type structure, specific structural unit is continuously stacked, and is separated by seperation film.Lithium battery material it is continuous Improve so that the volume energy density and gravimetric energy density of battery are gradually increased, performance there has also been a degree of promotion, But correspondingly produce some problems.

During the winding of electrode, stacking and cladding, need through craft or equipment due to winding or stacking by its group It closes, and can inevitably have the defects that artificial error and equipment precision etc. in anabolic process, these defects will lead to just Negative electrode tab is coated with biggish deviation.Fig. 1 be under regular situation positive/negative plate and isolation film wind or stack prepare when Partial schematic diagram, Fig. 1 are side view.As shown in Figure 1, the width of positive plate 3, negative electrode tab 4 and isolation film 10 successively increases.Cathode The width of piece 4 is slightly wider than the width of positive plate 3, can give full play to the electrical property of the positive electrode of positive plate 3 in this way.Ideal shape Under state, 4 upside of negative electrode tab is poorer by 41 than the upper width of 3 upside of positive plate and 4 downside of negative electrode tab is wider than the downside of 3 downside of positive plate It spends poor 42 identical, the two differences is defined as cladding value.Negative electrode tab top edge when different layers coat is in a line, lower section The top edge of positive plate be equally in a line, such case is ideal coated state.It is bad during practical cladding The cathode edge height of coated state, different layers is different, and the same height in the positive edge of different layers is different, and edge is rendered as wave Shape.Positive and negative anodes at this time are coated with biggish deviation.In addition, in the carrying of battery core or operation process, positive or negative pole pole piece It may also happen that displacement.So that short circuit phenomenon occurs for battery, the safety of battery is also just difficult for cladding deviation and the displacement meeting of pole piece To be protected.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide one kind can reduce the battery list that short circuit phenomenon occurs, improves battery security Member, stacks of cells and battery module.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

A kind of battery unit, including battery core, battery core include at least one positive electrode and at least one cathode component, anode Component includes positive plate and anode insulation frame, and cathode component includes negative electrode tab and negative insulation frame, and positive plate is fitted into positive exhausted In edge frame, negative electrode tab is fitted into negative insulation frame, and battery core further includes isolation film, and isolation film separates positive plate and negative electrode tab It opens.

Preferably, isolation film includes positive isolation film and cathode isolation film, and anode insulation frame is in contact with positive isolation film, The contact surface one being in contact on positive isolation film with anode insulation frame is also in contact with positive plate, and negative insulation frame is isolated with cathode Film is in contact, and the contact surface two being in contact on cathode isolation film with negative insulation frame is also in contact with negative electrode tab.

It is further preferred that contact surface one and contact surface two are adhesive faces.

Preferably, positive electrode further includes positive pole ear, and cathode component further includes negative lug, and positive pole ear is connected to just On pole piece, negative lug is connected in negative electrode tab.

It is further preferred that also having the first recessed portion on anode insulation frame, it is fixed that the first recessed portion realizes positive pole ear Position clamps, and also has the second recessed portion on negative insulation frame, and the second recessed portion realizes positioning clamping to negative lug.

Preferably, the external width of anode insulation frame is identical with the external width of negative insulation frame.

Preferably, the inner width of anode insulation frame is less than the inner width of negative insulation frame.

Preferably, the outer length of anode insulation frame is not more than the length of isolation film, and the external width of anode insulation frame is not Greater than the width of isolation film, the outer length of negative insulation frame is not more than the length of isolation film, the external width of negative insulation frame No more than the width of isolation film.When isolation film includes positive isolation film and cathode isolation film, the outer length of anode insulation frame No more than the length of positive isolation film, the external width of anode insulation frame is not more than the width of positive isolation film, negative insulation frame Outer length be not more than the length of cathode isolation film, the external width of negative insulation frame is not more than the width of cathode isolation film.

Preferably, anode insulation frame and negative insulation frame are flexible insulation frame.

A kind of stacks of cells, including above-mentioned battery unit.

A kind of battery module, including above-mentioned stacks of cells.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Anode insulation frame and negative insulation frame can be largely avoided short circuit phenomenon caused by due to coating deviation, To guarantee the security performance and service performance of battery unit.Meanwhile the burr that the setting for the frame that insulate can also be isolated on pole piece, It avoids scratching the isolation film of battery unit or the aluminum plastic film inner layer material of outer packaging, makes pole piece can not be with the aluminium layer of aluminum plastic film Contact, prevents the generation of ion channel, is unlikely to cause battery short circuit because of scratch, corrodes and then battery core is made breakage occur even Situations such as flatulence or leakage.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the partial schematic diagram of positive/negative plate and isolation film winding or stacking under regular situation.

Fig. 2 is the positive electrode of the battery unit of one embodiment of the utility model and the explosive view of positive isolation film.

Fig. 3 is that the positive electrode of the battery unit of the embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 of the utility model and cathode component form naked electricity The partial schematic diagram of the structure of core.

Fig. 4 is a kind of winding method signal of the positive electrode and cathode component of the embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 of the utility model Figure.

Fig. 5 is the positive electrode of another embodiment of the utility model and the structural schematic diagram of positive isolation film.

Specific embodiment

It is clearly and completely retouched below with reference to technical effect of the embodiment to the design and generation of the utility model It states, to be completely understood by the purpose of this utility model, feature and effect.

Embodiment 1:

Fig. 2 is the positive electrode of the battery unit of one embodiment of the utility model and the explosive view of positive isolation film. As shown in Fig. 2, being mainly made of positive isolation film 11, anode insulation frame 2 and positive plate 3, the top surface of positive isolation film 11 is to connect Contacting surface 111, contact surface 111 are adhesive faces, and contact surface 111 contacts with each other with anode insulation frame 2, fitted to together by make-up machine. Anode insulation frame 2 is by insulating materials (for example, using polyethylene terephtalate；Thickness can be 20-100 μm) warp It is formed after die-cutting machine punching, the inner length 23 of anode insulation frame 2 is equal with the length 33 of positive plate 3, positive the interior of frame 2 that insulate Portion's width 22 is equal with the width 32 of positive plate 3, and the thickness of anode insulation frame 2 is not more than in the thickness of positive plate 3, and anode is absolutely The upper width 24 and downside width 25 of edge frame 2 are equal.Also there is the first recessed portion 21, the first recessed portion on anode insulation frame 2 21 recessed portion width 211 is equal with the tab width 311 of positive pole ear 31.When positive plate 3 is along the inner wall of anode insulation frame 2 When sticking, since the length and width of the two is equal, can be realized it is chimeric, at this point, the bottom surface of positive plate 3 and positive isolation film 11 Contact surface 111 contact with each other and stick and be bonded together, can prevent because heat production receives isolation film in charge and discharge process Contracting and caused by battery short circuit phenomenon, further increase the security performance of battery.In this embodiment, the length of positive isolation film 11 Degree is equal to the outer length 26 of anode insulation frame 2, and the width of positive isolation film 11 is equal to the external width 27 of anode insulation frame 2, That is the two size is identical.

In the slitting stage in cell fabrication processes, for pole piece when slitting is cut, edge is easy to produce burr etc. no Non-defective unit, in subsequent manufacturing process, these burrs are easy to puncture the interior layer polypropylene (PP) in isolation film or aluminum plastic film Layer causes battery core that short circuit, corrosion occurs, and then situations such as flatulence leakage occur so that pole piece be made to contact with external aluminium layer, this Anode pole piece 3 in embodiment is fitted in anode insulation frame 2, and the burr at 3 edge of anode pole piece has been isolated, has prevented above-mentioned scrape The generation hurt, punctured avoids the short circuit of battery core, improves the safety coefficient of battery unit.Meanwhile it also can be largely Short circuit phenomenon caused by due to coating deviation is avoided, to guarantee the security performance and service performance of battery unit.

In addition, be also fixedly connected with positive pole ear 31 on positive plate 3, the fixed mode of positive pole ear 31 can be welding, Riveting or some other available fixed form.Outlet position of first recessed portion 21 of anode insulation frame 2 as positive pole ear 31 It sets, since recessed portion width 211 and tab width 311 are identical, locating clip can be played to the positive pole ear 31 on positive plate 3 The effect held limits the displacement of positive pole ear 31 and positive plate 3.

Cathode component is similar with positive electrode, and structure setting is identical as positive electrode, the outer length of negative insulation frame Equal to the length of cathode isolation film, the external width of negative insulation frame is equal to the width of cathode isolation film, and the two size is identical.It is negative The upper width of pole insulation frame is equally of same size with volume two.In addition, the external dimensions phase of negative insulation frame and anode insulation frame Together, but the inner width of negative insulation frame is larger than the inner width of anode insulation frame, i.e. the width of negative electrode tab is slightly larger than just The width of pole piece.In this way, the positive electrode and cathode component of same size can be to the positive plates that are fitted in insulation frame and negative Pole piece plays positioning action, makes it before not winding, is defined to the displacement of positive plate and negative electrode tab, will not make battery pole Dislocation or displacement occur for piece, and good cladding may be implemented in winding process as a result, not deviating by design centre value, thus into The security performance and service performance of one step raising battery unit.

Fig. 3 is that the positive electrode of the battery unit of the embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 of the utility model and cathode component form naked electricity The partial schematic diagram of the structure of core.As shown in figure 3, being positive isolation film 11, positive isolation film below the positive plate 3 of positive electrode 11 lower sections are negative electrode tabs 5, are cathode isolation film 12 below negative electrode tab 5.In the partial schematic diagram, anode insulation frame and cathode are exhausted Edge mount structure is temporarily not shown.

Positive electrode and cathode component are wound into naked battery core according to certain design requirement, and winding method can be very much Kind.For example, winding method shown in Fig. 4 can be taken.Fig. 4 be the embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 of the utility model positive electrode and A kind of winding method schematic diagram of cathode component.The figure is top view.As shown in figure 4,6 interior side of positive electrode is positive pole Ear 31, side are positive isolation films 11, and cathode component internal side is negative lug 51, and side is cathode isolation film 12.Anode Component 6 is close to one end of positive pole ear 31 with the one side and cathode component 7 at 31 place of positive pole ear close to the one of negative lug 51 With being oppositely arranged where negative lug 51 on one side, there is fixing piece 8 in centre at end.Fixing piece 8 can be isolation film, or outside Side surrounding has especially towards two faces of positive pole ear 31 and negative lug 7 equipped with isolation film.Centered on the fixing piece 8, Positive electrode 6 and the interlaced winding of cathode component 7 form naked battery core.

Naked battery core carries out electrolyte filling, the associated production technique after fluid injection and fluid injection after the baking of certain time It is referred to existing soft pack cell technique, becomes battery unit after perfusion.

Multiple battery units can form stacks of cells using parallel with one another or concatenated mode.

Embodiment 2:

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, anode insulation frame and negative insulation frame are closing structure, no Come to carry out positioning clamping to tab with recessed portion.

Embodiment 3:

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the length of positive isolation film is greater than the outside of anode insulation frame Length, the width of positive isolation film are greater than the external width of anode insulation frame；The length of cathode isolation film is greater than negative insulation frame Outer length, the width of cathode isolation film is greater than the external width of negative insulation frame.

Embodiment 4:

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the interior shape of anode insulation frame and the shape of anode pole piece Corresponding, negative insulation frame interior shape is corresponding with the shape of cathode pole piece, is other non-rectangle shapes.

Embodiment 5:

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the length of positive isolation film is greater than the length of positive plate, small In the outer length of anode insulation frame；Meanwhile the length of cathode isolation film is greater than the length of negative electrode tab, less than negative insulation frame Outer length.Fig. 5 is the positive electrode of another embodiment of the utility model and the structural schematic diagram of positive isolation film.Such as figure Shown in 5, which is the cross-sectional view along positive isolation film length direction, and the length of positive isolation film 11 is less than anode insulation frame 2 outer length, but the length than being fitted to the positive plate 3 inside anode insulation frame 2 is long, and positive pole is temporarily not shown in figure Ear.

Embodiment 6

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the length of positive (negative) pole isolation film is slightly larger than positive (negative) pole The outer length of insulation frame, the width of positive (negative) pole isolation film are slightly larger than the external width of positive (negative) pole insulation frame.

Embodiment 7

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, positive plate does not have sticking positive isolation film to paste It closes, negative electrode tab is also no to have sticking cathode isolation film to be bonded.Positive electrode (anode insulation frame) and cathode component (cathode Insulate frame) length and width it is equal with the length and width of isolation film respectively, i.e., size having the same.According to normal when winding Rule method positive electrode, isolation film, cathode component stack to wind, also can be to positive and negative anodes since this three's size is identical Piece is positioned, and will not make battery pole piece that dislocation or displacement occur, and good cladding may be implemented in winding process as a result, not Design centre value can be deviateed, to further increase the security performance and service performance of battery unit.

Embodiment 8

A kind of battery unit, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, battery core is by several positive electrodes and the mutual heap of cathode component Folded and the mode of non-rolling is formed, each positive electrode is fitted with the identical positive isolation film of size, each cathode component joint There is the identical cathode isolation film of size, positive isolation film and cathode isolation film separate positive plate and negative electrode tab.

Above description is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to It is any to belong to those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model in this, the change that can be readily occurred in Change or replace, should be covered within the scope of the utility model.Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be with power Subject to the protection scope that benefit requires.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of battery unit, including battery core, which is characterized in that the battery core includes at least one positive electrode and at least one Cathode component, the positive electrode include positive plate and anode insulation frame, and the cathode component includes negative electrode tab and negative insulation Frame, the positive plate are fitted into the anode insulation frame, and the negative electrode tab is fitted into the negative insulation frame, the battery core It further include isolation film, the isolation film separates the positive plate and the negative electrode tab.

2. battery unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the isolation film include positive isolation film and cathode every From film, the positive insulation frame is in contact with the positive isolation film, and insulate on the anode isolation film with the anode frame phase The contact surface one of contact is also in contact with the positive plate, and the negative insulation frame is in contact with the cathode isolation film, described The contact surface two being in contact on cathode isolation film with the negative insulation frame is also in contact with the negative electrode tab.

3. battery unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the contact surface one and the contact surface two are viscosity Face.

4. battery unit according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the positive electrode further includes positive pole Ear, the cathode component further includes negative lug, and the positive pole ear is connected on the positive plate, the negative lug connection In the negative electrode tab.

5. battery unit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that also there is the first recess on the anode insulation frame Portion, first recessed portion realize positioning clamping to the positive pole ear, also have the second recessed portion on the negative insulation frame, Second recessed portion realizes positioning clamping to the negative lug.

6. battery unit according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the external width of the anode insulation frame It is identical with the external width of the negative insulation frame.

7. battery unit according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the inner width of the anode insulation frame Less than the inner width of the negative insulation frame.

8. battery unit according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the outer length of the anode insulation frame No more than the length of the isolation film, the external width of the anode insulation frame is not more than the width of the isolation film, described negative The insulate outer length of frame of pole is not more than the length of the isolation film, the external width of the negative insulation frame no more than it is described every Width from film.

9. a kind of stacks of cells, which is characterized in that including the described in any item battery units of claim 1-8.

10. a kind of battery module, which is characterized in that including stacks of cells as claimed in claim 9.