CN209216149U - Neuron bionic circuit and neuromorphic system - Google Patents
Neuron bionic circuit and neuromorphic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209216149U CN209216149U CN201822244967.0U CN201822244967U CN209216149U CN 209216149 U CN209216149 U CN 209216149U CN 201822244967 U CN201822244967 U CN 201822244967U CN 209216149 U CN209216149 U CN 209216149U
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- 108010052164 Sodium Channels Proteins 0.000 claims description 71
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of bionic circuit, a neuron bionic circuit and nervous form bionic system is provided. The system comprises a neuron monitoring circuit and a neuron bionic circuit; the neuron monitoring circuit comprises a voltage monitoring module and a control module; the voltage monitoring module acquires voltage information of a neuron bionic pulse output by the neuron bionic circuit; the control module judges whether the voltage information meets the target voltage information or not and outputs a control signal to the neuron bionic circuit according to a judgment result; and finally, the neuron bionic circuit outputs a target neuron bionic pulse according to the control signal. The bionic circuit of the utility model has low cost and low power consumption, and the output neuron bionic pulse is more in line with the dynamic behavior of the action potential given by the biological neuron; the neuron bionic pulse output by the neuron bionic circuit can realize time coding of input signals, realize information transmission of the neuron bionic pulse and improve the anti-interference and anti-damage capabilities of the signal transmission circuit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to bionical circuit field, is to be related to a kind of bionical circuit of neuron and nerve more specifically
Morphological system.
Background technique
Biological neural network is using the super large-scale integration with analog circuit come the nerve of mimic biology brain
Network system, final purpose are the chip or circuit for manufacturing an emulation biological brain, also referred to as " neuromorphic chip " or " mind
Through form circuit ", and then realize the function of " calculating of class brain ".The essential characteristic of biological neural network is " memory and computing unit
It is combined into one ", existing computing function, and have store function, fundamentally solve " the memory wall " of von Karman architectural framework
Problem.In addition, biological neural network can have Error Tolerance (to tolerate a large amount of neurons by interacting autonomous learning with the external world
Death without influencing its basic function), massive parallelism, the characteristics such as height connectivity and low-power consumption.The bionical circuit of neuron
It is the basic unit for constituting neuromorphic chip or circuit, still, the bionical circuit of neuron of existing responsible signal transmission, mould
Quasi- pulse characteristics do not meet the working mechanism that biological neuron provides action potential.
Moreover, with the development of electronics technology, increasingly sophisticated, severe electromagnetic environment and the constantly raised electricity of electronic equipment
Conflict problem is formd between magnetic responsivity, anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal the ability of signal circuit in electromagnetic environment
Worse and worse, so that traditional electromagnetic protection means is faced new challenges, threaten the reliability and adaptability of electronics.
In addition, the action potential that neuron generates has uncertainty, Electrophysiology experiment and calculating nerve emulation are ground
Study carefully and shows there is close ties, nerve between the irregular pulse granting of neuron or neuron pool and corresponding stimulation input
Information just encodes among the action potential sequence of neuron granting.Time encoding is a kind of coding staff of neural signal recording
Formula is reflected between neuron by the variation at adjacent action potential duration interval in the action potential sequence of neuron granting
The transmitting of information content, this hiding information expression method make information be able to the reliable delivery under extraneous interference environment.
Utility model content
In consideration of it, the utility model provides a kind of bionical circuit of neuron and neuromorphic system, it is intended to solve existing skill
The ability of the anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal of signal circuit is poor in art and the bionical breadboardin of neuron of responsible signal transmission
Pulse characteristics do not meet biological neuron provide action potential dynamic behaviour the problem of.
The first aspect of the utility model embodiment provides a kind of bionical circuit of neuron, comprising: controllable current source fills
Discharge module, sodium channel module and potassium channel module；
The controllable current source is connect with the charge-discharge modules, for receiving the external pulse of outside source, and root
According to the external pulse to the charge-discharge modules output current signal；
The charge-discharge modules are used for according to respectively with the sodium channel module and the potassium channel wired in parallel
Current signal charges and forms membrane voltage；
The sodium channel module, for exporting sodium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than the first predeterminated voltage；
The potassium channel module is big in charging voltage for being charged according to the current signal and the sodium channel current
Potassium channel current is exported when the second predeterminated voltage；
The charge-discharge modules charge also according to the current signal and the sodium channel current, and logical according to the potassium
Road current discharge, and the bionical pulse of neuron for exporting the external pulse.
Optionally, the controllable current source includes: input, output end, first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor,
One capacitor, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the second capacitor and transport and placing device；
The input terminal of the controllable current source is connect with the outside source, the output end of the controllable current source and institute
State charge-discharge modules connection；
The first end of the first resistor is connect with the input terminal of the controllable current source, the second end of the first resistor
It is connect respectively with the first end of the normal phase input end of the transport and placing device, the first end of the second resistance and the first capacitor；
The second end of the second resistance respectively with the second end of the first capacitor, the second end of the 3rd resistor and
The output end of the controllable current source connects；
The first end of 4th resistance is grounded, and the second end of the 4th resistance is defeated with the reverse phase of the transport and placing device respectively
Enter end, the first end of the 5th resistance is connected with the first end of second capacitor；
The second end of 5th resistance first end with the second end of second capacitor and the 6th resistance respectively
Connection；
The second end of 6th resistance connects with the first end of the output end of the transport and placing device and the 3rd resistor respectively
It connects.
Optionally, the charge-discharge modules include: first end, second end, membrane capacitance and the first variable resistance unit；
The first end of the charge-discharge modules is connect with the controllable current source and the sodium channel module first end respectively,
Second end is connect with the sodium channel module second end；
The first end of the membrane capacitance respectively with the first end of the charge-discharge modules and first variable resistance unit
First end connection, the second end of the membrane capacitance respectively with the second end of the charge-discharge modules and first variable resistance
The second end of unit connects, the second end ground connection of first variable resistance unit.
Optionally, first variable resistance unit is digital regulation resistance.
Optionally, the sodium channel module includes: first end, second end, the first triode, the second triode, the 7th electricity
Resistance, the second adjustable resistance unit and the first variable power supply；
The first end of the sodium channel module is connect with the first end of the potassium channel module, and the of the sodium channel module
Two ends are connect with the second end of the potassium channel module；
The base stage of first triode and the first end of the sodium channel module and the collector of second triode
Connection, the collector of first triode are connect with the base stage of second triode, the emitter of first triode
It is connect by the 7th resistance with the second end of the sodium channel module；
The collector of second triode is also connect with the first end of the sodium channel module, second triode
Emitter is connect by the second adjustable resistance unit with the first end of first variable power supply；
The second end of first variable power supply is connect with the second end of the sodium channel module, the sodium channel module
Second end ground connection.
Optionally, first variable power supply includes: third capacitor, the 4th capacitor, the 5th capacitor, the 6th capacitor, the 7th
Capacitor, first diode, the 8th resistance, the first source of stable pressure and the first digital regulation resistance；
The input terminal of first source of stable pressure respectively with external 9V DC power supply, the first end of the third capacitor and described
The first end of 4th capacitor connects, the output end of first source of stable pressure respectively with the first end of first variable power supply, institute
State the anode of first diode, the first end of the 8th resistance, the first end of the 6th capacitor and the 7th capacitor
First end connection, the control terminal of first source of stable pressure respectively with the output end of first digital regulation resistance, the described 1st
The cathode of pole pipe, the 8th resistance second end connected with the first end of the 5th capacitor；
The second end of the third capacitor, the second end of the 4th capacitor, the second end of the 5th capacitor, described
The ground terminal of the second end of six capacitors, the second end of the 7th capacitor and first digital regulation resistance with the first variable power supply
Second end connection, and be grounded jointly.
Optionally, the potassium channel module includes: first end, second end, third variable resistance unit, the 9th resistance,
Three triodes, the 8th capacitor and the second variable power supply；
The first end of the potassium channel module is connect with the first end of the sodium channel module, and the of the potassium channel module
Two ends are connect with the second end of the sodium channel module；
The first end of the third variable resistance unit respectively with the first end of the potassium channel module and it is described 9th electricity
The first end of resistance connects, and the second end of the third variable resistance unit is connect with the collector of the third transistor；
The base stage of the third transistor first end with the second end of the 9th resistance and the 8th capacitor respectively
Connection, the emitter of the third transistor pass through the second end of second variable power supply and the potassium channel module, described
The second end of 8th capacitor is connected with ground terminal.
Optionally, second variable power supply includes: polar capacitor, the 9th capacitor, the tenth capacitor, the 11st capacitor,
Ten resistance, the second source of stable pressure and the second digital regulation resistance；
The input terminal of second source of stable pressure respectively with outside -9V DC power supply, the cathode of the polar capacitor and described
The first end of 9th capacitor connects, the output end of second source of stable pressure respectively with the first end of the 11st capacitor, described
The first end of tenth resistance is connected with the first end of second variable power supply, the control terminal of second source of stable pressure respectively with institute
The first end for stating the tenth capacitor is connected with the output end of second digital regulation resistance；
Second end, the second end of the tenth capacitor, the described tenth of positive, described 9th capacitor of the polar capacitor
The second end of one capacitor, the second end of the tenth resistance, the ground terminal of second source of stable pressure and second digital regulation resistance
Ground terminal connect with the second end of the second variable power supply, and be grounded jointly.
Optionally, second source of stable pressure is LT3090 chip.
The second aspect of the utility model embodiment provides a kind of neuromorphic system, including neuron monitors circuit,
It further include bionical with described in any item neurons of the first aspect offer of neuron monitoring circuit connection such as embodiment
Circuit；
Wherein, the neuron monitoring circuit includes: voltage monitoring module and control module；
The voltage monitoring module is connect with the control module, for obtaining the bionical circuit output of the neuron
The information of voltage of the bionical pulse of neuron, and the information of voltage is sent to the control module；
The control module, for judging whether the information of voltage meets target voltage information, according to judging result to
The bionical circuit output of neuron controls signal；The bionical circuit of neuron is imitative according to control signal output target nerve member
Raw pulse.
The beneficial effect of the bionical circuit of neuron and neuromorphic system compared with prior art in the utility model embodiment
Fruit is: system mainly includes that neuron monitors circuit and the bionical circuit of neuron, at low cost, low in energy consumption；Wherein, neuron is supervised
Controlling circuit includes voltage monitoring module and control module；Voltage monitoring module obtains the nerve of the bionical circuit output of the neuron
The information of voltage of the bionical pulse of member, control module judge whether the information of voltage meets target voltage information, are tied according to judgement
Fruit controls signal to the bionical circuit output of the neuron, can adjust the bionical pulse of target in real time, makes the bionical pulse of output
More meet the dynamic behaviour that biological neuron provides action potential, the last bionical circuit of neuron exports target according to control signal
The bionical pulse of target nerve member of the bionical pulse of neuron, the bionical circuit output of neuron has time encoding characteristic, i.e.,
The time encoding to input signal may be implemented in the bionical pulse of the neuron of output, using this time encoding characteristic, makes to get profit
Information is transmitted with the bionical pulse of neuron, anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal the ability of signal circuit can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to embodiment or the prior art in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Attached drawing needed in description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only that this is practical new
Some embodiments of type for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the bionical circuit of neuron provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the bionical circuit of neuron provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of controllable current source provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the first variable power supply provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the second variable power supply provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the bionical pulse of neuron provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of neuromorphic system provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of another neuromorphic system provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Phase relation of the Fig. 9 between Neuromorphic circuit output action current potential and input stimulus；
Figure 10 is the dull schematic diagram for promoting circle mapping.
Specific embodiment
In being described below, for illustration and not for limitation, the tool of such as particular system structure, technology etc is proposed
Body details, to understand thoroughly the utility model embodiment.However, it will be clear to one skilled in the art that there is no these
The utility model also may be implemented in the other embodiments of detail.In other situations, omit to well-known system,
The detailed description of apparatus, circuit and method, in case unnecessary details interferes the description of the utility model.
In order to illustrate technical solution described in the utility model, the following is a description of specific embodiments.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of bionical circuit of neuron provided by the embodiment of the utility model, comprising: controllable current source 10 fills
Discharge module 20, sodium channel module 30 and potassium channel module 40.Controllable current source 10 is connect with charge-discharge modules 20, charge and discharge mould
Block 20 is in parallel with sodium channel module 30, and sodium channel module 30 is in parallel with potassium channel module 40.
Controllable current source 10 is used to receive the external pulse of outside source, and according to the external pulse to charge and discharge mould
20 output current signal of block；Charge-discharge modules 20 according to the current signal for charging and forming membrane voltage；Sodium channel module
30 for exporting sodium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than the first predeterminated voltage；Potassium channel module 40 is used for according to the electricity
Signal and sodium channel current charging are flowed, exports potassium channel current when charging voltage is greater than the second predeterminated voltage；Finally fill
Discharge module 20 charges also according to the current signal and the sodium channel current, and is discharged according to the potassium channel current,
And the bionical pulse of neuron for exporting the external pulse.
The bionical circuit of the neuron of the present embodiment is that action potential is generated and passed on a kind of simulation biological neuron cell membrane
The circuit led characteristic, can produce class neuron action potential pulse.Illustratively, the external pulse of outside source can be
Cycle square wave voltage pulse Vin, pulse delay TD is 0s, and Initial Voltage Value V1 is 0V, and pulse height V2 is 2.5V, rise time
TR is 500ns, and fall time TF is 500ns, pulsewidth 2ms, period 4ms.
Specifically, cycle square wave voltage pulse VinIt is input to controllable current source 10, controllable current source 10 turns external pulse r
Change current signal I intoinIt is charged to charge-discharge modules 20 and forms membrane voltage Vmem；Then sodium channel module 30 is according to film electricity
Press VmemSodium channel current is exported, potassium channel module 40 exports potassium channel current according to current signal and sodium channel current；Charge and discharge
Module 20 can also charge according to current signal and sodium channel current, and be discharged according to potassium channel current, and export external pulse
The bionical pulse δ of neuron (the pulse δ exported in such as Fig. 2), the bionical pulse δ of the neuron be continuous, acyclic class
The action potential pulse of biological neuron.
In practical application, external pulse r can be the instantaneous amplitudes such as sine wave, sawtooth wave, square wave, harmonic wave, recurrent pulse
The signal of variation is repeated at any time.
The above-mentioned bionical circuit of neuron, at low cost, low in energy consumption, i.e., the current signal converted by external pulse is to charge and discharge
Module 20 charges, and the sodium channel current and current signal that then charge-discharge modules 20 are exported according to sodium channel module 30 recharge,
The potassium channel current electric discharge exported according to potassium channel module 40, the corresponding bionical pulse of neuron of output external pulse, output
Biological neuron action potential dynamic behaviour has been imitated in the bionical pulse of neuron, and has time encoding characteristic, this time
Encoding characteristics to be not easily susceptible to interfere during using the bionical pulse transmitting information of neuron, are not easy to be lost, improve letter
Number transmission anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal ability.
In one embodiment, it can also be voltage-controlled current source or stream that controllable current source 10, which can be Howland current source,
Control current source.Howland current source is a kind of current/charge-voltage convertor suitable for being grounded load, and Howland current source can
Voltage pulse signal ratio is converted into current pulse signal, and keeps period and pulsewidth and the input pulse of output pulse signal
The period of signal and pulsewidth are consistent.
Specifically, controllable current source 10 may include: input, output end, first resistor R1, second resistance referring to Fig. 3
R2,3rd resistor R3, first capacitor C1, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, the second capacitor C2 and transport and placing device
U1.Wherein, the input terminal of controllable current source 10 is connect with the outside source, the output end of controllable current source 10 and charge and discharge
Module 20 connects.
Specifically, the first end of first resistor R1 is connect with the input terminal of controllable current source 10, the second of first resistor R1
End is connect with the first end of the normal phase input end of transport and placing device U1, the first end of second resistance R2 and first capacitor C1 respectively；Second
The output with the second end of first capacitor C1, the second end of 3rd resistor R3 and controllable current source 10 respectively of the second end of resistance R2
End connection.
The first end of 4th resistance R4 is grounded, the second end of the 4th resistance R4 respectively with the inverting input terminal of transport and placing device U1,
The first end of 5th resistance R5 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2；The second end of 5th resistance R5 respectively with the second capacitor C2
Second end connected with the first end of the 6th resistance R6；The second end of 6th resistance R6 respectively with the output end of transport and placing device U1 and
The first end of three resistance R3 connects.
Controllable current source 10 receives external pulse and the current signal that external pulse is converted to same period and pulsewidth is defeated
Out to charge-discharge modules 20, the period that electric current can be made to export and pulsewidth are stablized, and structure is simple, low in energy consumption.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, charge-discharge modules 20 include: that first end, second end, membrane capacitance Cr and first can
Power transformation hinders unit R n1；The voltage that first variable resistance unit Rn1 can release on membrane capacitance Cr.
Wherein, the first end of charge-discharge modules 20 connects with the first end of controllable current source 10 and sodium channel module 30 respectively
It connects, the second end of charge-discharge modules 20 is connect with the second end of sodium channel module 30.
Specifically, the first end of membrane capacitance Cr respectively with the first end of charge-discharge modules 20 and the first variable resistance unit
The first end of Rn1 connects, the second end of membrane capacitance Cr respectively with the second end of charge-discharge modules 20 and the first variable resistance unit
The second end of Rn1 connects, the second end ground connection of the first variable resistance unit Rn1.
Optionally, the first variable resistance unit Rn1 can be digital regulation resistance, or variable resistance；It can first
When power transformation resistance unit R n1 is variable resistance, change in resistance can be controlled to adjust according to staff.Illustratively, first is variable
Total resistance value of resistance unit Rn1 is 100k Ω.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, sodium channel module 30 includes: first end, second end, the first triode Q1, second
Triode Q2, the 7th resistance R7, the second adjustable resistance unit R n2 and the first variable power supply V1.The first end of sodium channel module 30
It is connect with the first end of potassium channel module 40, the second end of sodium channel module 30 is connect with the second end of potassium channel module 40.
Specifically, the base stage of the first triode Q1 and the first end of sodium channel module 30 and the collector of the second triode Q2
Connection, the collector of the first triode Q1 connect with the base stage of the second triode Q2, and the emitter of the first triode Q1 passes through the
Seven resistance R7 are connect with the second end of sodium channel module 30.
The collector of second triode Q2 is also connect with the first end of sodium channel module 30, the emitter of the second triode Q2
It is connect by the second adjustable resistance unit R n2 with the first end of the first variable power supply V1；The second end of first variable power supply V1 with
The second end of sodium channel module 30 connects, the second end ground connection of sodium channel module 30.Optionally, the first triode Q1 is NPN type
Triode, the second triode Q2 are PNP type triode.
Optionally, the second adjustable resistance unit R n2 can be digital regulation resistance, or variable resistance；It can second
When power transformation resistance unit R n2 is variable resistance, change in resistance can be controlled to adjust according to staff.Illustratively, second is variable
Total resistance value of resistance unit Rn2 can be 2k Ω.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the first variable power supply V1 may include: third capacitor C3, the 4th capacitor C4,
Five capacitor C5, the 6th capacitor C6, the 7th capacitor C7, first diode D1, the 8th resistance R8, the number of the first source of stable pressure N1 and first
Potentiometer W1.First digital regulation resistance W1 is used to control the voltage swing of the first source of stable pressure N1 output.
The input terminal of first source of stable pressure N1 respectively with external 9V DC power supply, the first end of third capacitor C3 and the 4th capacitor
The first end of C4 connects, the output end of the first source of stable pressure N1 respectively with the first end of the first variable power supply V1, first diode D1
Anode, the first end of the 8th resistance R8, the first end of the 6th capacitor C6 connected with the first end of the 7th capacitor C7, the first pressure stabilizing
The control terminal of source N1 respectively with the output end of the first digital regulation resistance W1, the cathode of first diode D1, the 8th resistance R8
Two ends are connected with the first end of the 5th capacitor C5.
The second end of third capacitor C3, the second end of the 4th capacitor C4, the second end of the 5th capacitor C5, the 6th capacitor C6
The ground terminal of second end, the second end of the 7th capacitor C7 and the first digital regulation resistance W1 connects with the second end of the first variable power supply
It connects, and is grounded jointly.Optionally, total resistance value of the first digital regulation resistance W1 is 1k Ω, and specific resistance value is adjustable, and then can be with
Adjust the output effect of the first variable power supply V1.
Optionally, the first source of stable pressure N1 can be LM317 chip.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, potassium channel module 40 includes: first end, second end, third variable resistance unit
Rn3, the 9th resistance R9, third transistor Q3, the 8th capacitor C8 and the second variable power supply V2.The first end of potassium channel module 40 with
The first end of sodium channel module 30 connects, and the second end of potassium channel module 40 is connect with the second end of sodium channel module 30.
Specifically, the first end of third variable resistance unit Rn3 is electric with the first end of potassium channel module 40 and the 9th respectively
The first end connection of R9 is hindered, the second end of third variable resistance unit Rn3 is connect with the collector of third transistor Q3.Three or three
The base stage of pole pipe Q3 is connect with the first end of the second end of the 9th resistance R9 and the 8th capacitor C8 respectively, the hair of third transistor Q3
Emitter-base bandgap grading is connect by the second variable power supply V2 with the second end of potassium channel module 40, the second end of the 8th capacitor C8 and ground terminal.It can
Choosing, third transistor Q3 is NPN type triode.
Optionally, third variable resistance unit Rn3 can be digital regulation resistance, or variable resistance；Third can
When power transformation resistance unit R n3 is variable resistance, change in resistance can be controlled to adjust according to staff.Illustratively, third is variable
Total resistance value of resistance unit Rn3 can be 1k Ω.
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 5, the second variable power supply V2 includes: polar capacitor Cj, the 9th capacitor C9, the tenth electricity
Hold C10, the 11st capacitor C11, the tenth resistance R10, the second source of stable pressure N1 and the second digital regulation resistance W2.
Specifically, the input terminal of the second source of stable pressure N2 respectively with outside -9V DC power supply, the cathode of polar capacitor Cj and
The first end of nine capacitor C9 connects, the output end of the second source of stable pressure N1 respectively with the first end of the 11st capacitor C11, the tenth resistance
The first end of R10 is connected with the first end of the second variable power supply V2, the control terminal of the second source of stable pressure N1 respectively with the tenth capacitor C10
First end connected with the output end of the second digital regulation resistance W2.
The anode of polar capacitor Cj, the second end of the 9th capacitor C9, the second end of the tenth capacitor C10, the 11st capacitor C11
Second end, the second end of the tenth resistance R10, the ground terminal of the ground terminal of the second source of stable pressure N1 and the second digital regulation resistance W2 is with
The second end of two variable power supplies connects, and is grounded jointly.Optionally, total resistance value of the second digital regulation resistance W2 is 5k Ω, specifically
Resistance value is adjustable, and then the output effect of adjustable second variable power supply V2.
Optionally, second source of stable pressure can be LT3090 chip.
In conjunction with the particular circuit configurations of the bionical circuit of neuron in above-described embodiment, to the bionical electricity of the neuron of this implementation
The working principle on road is illustrated, and details are as follows:
Referring to fig. 2,10 output current signal of controllable current source charges to the membrane capacitance Cr of charge-discharge modules 20, membrane capacitance Cr
Both ends formed membrane voltage Vmem, membrane voltage VmemGradually rise the unlatching of the first triode Q1 until being greater than sodium channel module 30
When voltage (the first predeterminated voltage), the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 conducting are simulated on biological neuron cell membrane
The opening procedure of sodium-ion channel, the first variable power supply V1 passes through the second adjustable resistance unit R n2 and the second triode Q2 at this time
To membrane capacitance Cr quick charge, and export sodium channel current INa, membrane voltage VmemIt quickly increases, simulates biological neuron cell
It flows in film extracellular sodium ion is rapid and makes membrane voltage VmemQuick raised process of depolarization.
Meanwhile current signal and sodium channel current INaAlso it slowly charges to the 8th capacitor C8 of potassium channel module 40；When
When the voltage at eight both ends capacitor C8 is greater than cut-in voltage (the second predeterminated voltage) of third transistor Q3, third transistor Q3 is led
It is logical, the opening procedure of potassium-channel on biological neuron cell membrane is simulated, at this point, the second variable power supply V2 can by second
Power transformation hinders unit R n3 and third transistor Q3 and discharges membrane capacitance Cr, exports potassium channel current Ik, potassium channel current IkFrom third
The collector of triode Q3 flows to emitter, makes membrane voltage VmemThen decline rapidly, potassium in this process simulation neuronal cell film
Ion outflows rapidly and makes membrane voltage VmemThe process of repolarization quickly reduced.
In addition, working as membrane voltage VmemWhen dropping to threshold voltage, the first triode Q1 is closed, and the stopping of sodium channel module 30 is filled
Electricity simulates the closing process of sodium-ion channel on biological neuron cell membrane；As membrane voltage VmemWhen dropping to resting potential,
8th capacitor C8 is discharged by the 9th resistance R9, and the unlatching electricity of third transistor Q3 is still greater than in the 8th capacitor C8 both end voltage
Pressure, potassium channel current the second variable power supply V2 negative by the second adjustable resistance unit R n3 and third transistor Q3 output, film electricity
Press VmemContinue to reduce, to make membrane voltage VmemLess than resting potential, the hyperpolarization process of neuron membrane voltage is simulated；When
When eight capacitor C8 both end voltages are less than the cut-in voltage of third transistor Q3, it is logical to simulate potassium ion for third transistor Q3 cut-off
The closing process in road.Wherein, the current signal of controllable current source output will continue to charge to membrane capacitance Cr, to make membrane voltage
VmemIt is restored to resting potential, that is, completes the generation process of an action potential, the bionical pulse of output neuron, as shown in Figure 6.
In above-described embodiment, the cost of the bionical circuit of neuron is small, low in energy consumption；It mainly will be external by controllable current source 10
Pulses switch is the current signal of same period and pulsewidth, and current signal charges to charge-discharge modules 20, then charge-discharge modules
20 sodium channel currents exported according to sodium channel module 30 and current signal recharge, and the potassium exported according to potassium channel module 40 is logical
Road current discharge, exports the bionical pulse of neuron of external pulse, and biological neuron has been imitated in the bionical pulse of the neuron of output
Action potential dynamic behaviour, and there is time encoding characteristic, that is, the bionical pulse of the neuron exported may be implemented to believe input
Number time encoding, this time encoding characteristic to be not easily susceptible to do during using neuron bionical pulse transmitting information
It disturbs, is not easy to be lost, improve anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal the ability of signal transmission.
Embodiment two
A bionical circuit of neuron provided based on the above embodiment, a kind of neuromorphic system that the present embodiment two provides
System.Referring to Fig. 7, neuromorphic system includes: neuron monitoring circuit 100, further includes connecting such as with neuron monitoring circuit 100
Any bionical circuit 200 of neuron that embodiment one provides.
Wherein, neuron monitoring circuit 100 includes: voltage monitoring module 110 and control module 120.Voltage monitoring module
110 input terminal is connect with the output end of the bionical circuit 200 of neuron, the output end and control module of voltage monitoring module 110
120 input terminal, the output end of control module 120 with the charge-discharge modules of the bionical circuit 200 of neuron, sodium channel module and
The connection of potassium channel module.Specifically, the output end of control module 120 may include that the first output end, second output terminal, third are defeated
Outlet, the 4th output end and the 5th output end；The connection of first variable resistance unit of the first output end and charge-discharge modules, second
Output end is connect with the second adjustable resistance unit of sodium channel module, the first variable power supply of third output end and sodium channel module
Connection, the 4th output end connect with the third variable resistance unit of potassium channel module, and the of the 5th output end and potassium channel module
The connection of two variable power supplies.
Voltage monitoring module 110 is used to obtain the voltage letter for the bionical pulse of neuron that the bionical circuit 200 of neuron exports
Breath, and the information of voltage is sent to control module 120；Control module 120 is for judging whether the information of voltage meets
Target voltage information controls signal to the bionical output of circuit 200 of neuron according to judging result；The bionical circuit 200 of neuron is also
For according to the bionical pulse of control signal output target nerve member.
Voltage monitoring module 110 and control module 120 simulate the regulation process of the chemistry and albumen of biological neuron, root
According in regulatory mechanism imictron circuit variable resistance module and variable power supply module realize imictron it is different
Electric discharge behavior；Specifically, referring to Fig. 8, the first variable resistance unit from control module 120 to the bionical circuit 200 of neuron, second
Variable resistance unit, the first variable power supply, third variable resistance unit and the second variable power supply output control signal, first is variable
Resistance unit, the second adjustable resistance unit, the first variable power supply, third variable resistance unit and the second variable power supply are according to control
Signal changes own value, so that the bionical pulse of neuron (resting potential) changes, until the bionical circuit 200 of neuron exports
The bionical pulse (reaching target resting potential) of target nerve member.Resting potential refers to when bionical 200 no signal of circuit of neuron is defeated
When fashionable or input is 0, as membrane voltage VmemNot when fluctuating, being stabilized to certain value, the value of membrane voltage is measured, V can be usedrTable
Show.
The neuromorphic system of above-described embodiment mainly includes neuron monitoring circuit 100 and the bionical circuit of neuron
200, cost is small, low in energy consumption；Wherein, neuron monitoring circuit 100 includes voltage monitoring module 110 and control module 120；Voltage
Monitoring modular 110 obtains the information of voltage of the bionical pulse of neuron of the bionical circuit output of the neuron, and control module 120 is sentenced
Whether the information of voltage that breaks meets target voltage information, is believed according to judging result to the bionical output of circuit 200 control of neuron
Number, the bionical pulse of target can be adjusted in real time, so that the bionical pulse of output is more met biological neuron and provided the dynamic of action potential
State behavior, for the last bionical circuit 200 of neuron according to the bionical pulse of control signal output target nerve member, the neuron of output is imitative
Raw pulse has the function of time encoding, that is, the time encoding to input signal may be implemented in the bionical pulse of the neuron exported, this
Kind time encoding characteristic to be not easily susceptible to interfere during using the bionical pulse transmitting information of neuron, is not easy to be lost, mention
High anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal the ability of signal transmission.
Optionally, voltage monitoring module 110 can be voltage follower.Voltage follower is for being isolated the bionical electricity of neuron
Road 200 and control module 120, so that control module 120 will not have an impact the bionical circuit of neuron 200, voltage follower
It can also prevent quadratic noise.To obtain good monitoring effect, the utility model embodiment selects the big (>=1M of input impedance
Ω), the voltage follower of output impedance low (≤20 Ω), the input impedance of voltage follower is bigger, output impedance is lower, then electric
Press isolation performance of the follower in digital control circuit better.
Optionally, control module 120 may include ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter, analog/digital conversion
Device) and control chip 122.Control chip 122 can by single-chip microcontroller, ARM (Advanced RISC Machines, it is advanced to simplify
Instruction set processor), the microcontrollers such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array)
It realizes, for example, control module 120 can be the microcontroller of ARM STM32F103ZET6 model.ADC can be used for acquiring
The membrane voltage V of the bionical pulse of neuron after being isolated by voltage monitoring module 110mem1.In order to improve acquisition precision, ADC's
Resolution ratio is more than or equal to 12.
Illustratively, the mind that voltage monitoring module 110 acquires is obtained by ADC inside microcontroller STM32F103ZET6
Information of voltage (can be resting potential) through the bionical pulse of member, judges whether the information of voltage meets target voltage information,
The information of voltage that will acquire and predeterminated voltage information (such as target resting potential) so compared with, if unequal, microcontroller
Device STM32F103ZET6 sends control signal to the bionical circuit 200 of neuron, and the bionical circuit 200 of neuron is according to control signal
It is variable to adjust the first variable resistance unit, the second adjustable resistance unit, the first variable power supply, third variable resistance unit and second
Power supply, for example, the resistance value in the first variable resistance unit is 95.3k Ω, the resistance value of the second adjustable resistance unit be 1.82k Ω,
The resistance value of third variable resistance unit is 523 Ω, the first variable power supply output voltage values are 5V, the second variable power supply output voltage
When value is -0.45V, the bionical circuit 200 of neuron can export the bionical pulse of target nerve member.The bionical circuit 200 of neuron is defeated
The bionical pulse of target nerve member out is as shown in Figure 6.
In addition, the neuromorphic system is also used as signal transmission system transmission signal, the bionical arteries and veins of the neuron of output
The time encoding to input signal may be implemented in punching.Time encoding is a kind of coding mode of neural signal recording, passes through mind
The information content for changing to reflect between neuron at adjacent action potential duration interval in the action potential sequence provided through member
Transmitting, this information expression method allow information reliable delivery under extraneous interference environment.
As shown in figure 9, wherein rnFor the time of each rising edge of a pulse of input signal, δiIt is each moved for Neuromorphic circuit
Make the Time Of Release positioned, θiIndicate phase angle existing between output pulse and the most adjacent in time pulse of input signal
(i.e. phase difference).Time encoding algorithm is as follows:
Step 1, judge circle mapping (the i.e. θ in the action potential of Neuromorphic circuit granting of Neuromorphic circuitiIt is one-dimensional
Iteration map), if circle mapping is promoted to be dull.The schematic diagram that dullness promotes circle mapping is made of circle as shown in Figure 10
Each branch is dull promoted.
Step 2, according to symbolic dynamics method, formula is pressed to the pulse train that Neuromorphic circuit generates
Symbol division is carried out, pulse train { δ is made1δ2δ3…δi... become symbol sebolic addressing { S1S2S3…Si…}.Here
" the 0th period " just refers to δ in pulse traini-1In the period at place, p is taken hereinr=r.
In turn, according to the basic principle of symbolic dynamics, size sequence can be carried out to symbol sebolic addressing.Assuming that there are two strings
Symbol sebolic addressing Seq1={ C*ai... and Seq2={ C*bi..., wherein C*It indicates identical symbol sebolic addressing, dullness is promoted
Circle mapping, ordering rule are defined as follows shown in formula:
If ai> bi, then Seq1 > Seq2
If ai< bi, then Seq1 < Seq2
Step 3, the sequence of the symbol sebolic addressing according to obtained in step 2 property, can obtain Neuromorphic circuit frequency input signal
Or the sequence in period, ordering rule are shown below:
If Seq1 > Seq2, f1> f2, T1< T2
If Seq1 < Seq2, f1< f2, T1> T2
By above-mentioned time encoding method it is found that Neuromorphic circuit is in each frequency fiInput under, can all have opposite
The group code sequence Seqi answered, then in a set of frequencies { f1f2f3...fi...}(f1> f2> f5> ... > fi> ...) it is defeated
Under entering, one group of corresponding symbol sebolic addressing { Seq1Seq2Seq3...Seqi... } is just had, is advised according to the sequence of symbol sebolic addressing
Then, one group of sequence { Seql > Seq2 > Seq3 > ... > Seqi > ... } is just had.
The random inner parameter changed in Neuromorphic circuit, i.e., the resistance value of adjustable resistance, capacitor or adjustable electric in circuit
Pressure value, if after the inner parameter for changing Neuromorphic circuit, in identical frequency { f1f2f3...fi... under input, finally
The symbol sebolic addressing arrived is constant, is still { Seq1 > Seq2 > Seq3 > ... > Seqi > ... }.Although illustrating due to multiple
The interference of strays magnetic environment will lead to circuit inner parameter and change, but Information invariability (symbol handled by Neuromorphic circuit
The sequence of sequence is constant).
Specifically, according to the time encoding process of the bionical circuit 200 of neuron, it can be to object transmission signal with symbol sequence
The form of column is expressed, and it is corresponding to generate action pulse for the bionical circuit 200 of neuron under the object transmission signal stimulus of different cycles
Symbol sebolic addressing it is different, for details, reference can be made to tables 1, wherein the resistance value of the second adjustable resistance unit is in the bionical circuit 200 of neuron
1.82kΩ。
Illustratively, it will need transmit information can be with by the process that neuromorphic system is converted to symbol sebolic addressing are as follows:
It will be input to the clock end of counter after object transmission signal progress differential, object transmission signal is input to the bionical electricity of neuron
Road 200, the bionical pulse of neuron that the bionical circuit 200 of neuron exports carry out the reset terminal that differential is input to counter；It counts
Device is whenever i-th of high level for receiving the bionical pulse of neuron, then the clock end of counter is to the object transmission signal after differential
It is counted, when reset terminates to the i+1 high level of the bionical pulse of neuron, the counting of clock end is stored, and clear
Zero counts again, and when reset terminates to the i-th+2 high level of the bionical pulse of neuron, the counting of clock end is stored, and
Clearing counts again, finishes until the bionical pulse of neuron exports, then obtains one group of symbol obtained according to object transmission signal
Sequence.
The corresponding symbol sebolic addressing of 1 different cycles signal of table
From table 1 it follows that the pass of the sequence of symbol sebolic addressing and the linear inverse ratio of the sequence of input signal cycle
System, the relationship of the sequence linear proportional of the sequence and frequency input signal of then symbol sequence.Also, it is bionical in neuron
In the case that the parameter of other devices slightly changes in circuit 200, symbol sebolic addressing can be changed correspondingly.For example, can power transformation by second
The resistance value of resistance unit increases to 2k Ω, and other parameters are constant, and obtained symbol sebolic addressing is as shown in table 2.
The corresponding symbol sebolic addressing of 2 different cycles signal of table
By table 2 it can be concluded that, in the case that the device parameters in the bionical circuit 200 of neuron change, symbol sequence
Column are changed, but the sequence of its symbol sebolic addressing generated is constant, can still tell the size of input signal cycle,
Also thus illustrate, nervous system by various noise jammings, biological nervous system be but still able to maintain it is stable,
The ability of high-precision information processing, therefore, the neuromorphic system of the present embodiment meet the practical physiological mechanism of biology, tool
There is the ability of certain anti-external interference, and the coding to time signal may be implemented, realizes the reliable expression of information.
In above-described embodiment, system mainly includes neuron monitoring circuit 100 and the bionical circuit 200 of neuron, and cost is small,
It is low in energy consumption；Wherein, neuron monitoring circuit 100 includes voltage monitoring module 110 and control module 120；Voltage monitoring module 110
The information of voltage of the bionical pulse of neuron of the bionical circuit output of the neuron is obtained, control module 120 judges the voltage
Whether information meets target voltage information, can be real-time according to judging result to the bionical output of the circuit 200 control signal of neuron
The bionical pulse of target is adjusted, so that the bionical pulse of output is more met the dynamic behaviour that biological neuron provides action potential, finally
For the bionical circuit 200 of neuron according to the bionical pulse of control signal output target nerve member, the bionical pulse of the neuron of output can be with
Realize the time encoding to input signal, using this time encoding characteristic, so that information is transmitted using the bionical pulse of neuron,
Improve anti-interference and antibody Monoclonal the ability of signal transmission.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the utility model within the spirit and principle of utility model
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bionical circuit of neuron characterized by comprising controllable current source, charge-discharge modules, sodium channel module and potassium
Channel module；
The controllable current source is connect with the charge-discharge modules, for receiving the external pulse of outside source, and according to institute
External pulse is stated to the charge-discharge modules output current signal；
The charge-discharge modules are used for respectively with the sodium channel module and the potassium channel wired in parallel according to the electric current
Signal charges and forms membrane voltage；
The sodium channel module, for exporting sodium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than the first predeterminated voltage；
The potassium channel module is greater than the in charging voltage for charging according to the current signal and the sodium channel current
Potassium channel current is exported when two predeterminated voltages；
The charge-discharge modules charge also according to the current signal and the sodium channel current, and according to the potassium channel electricity
Electricity is banished, and the bionical pulse of the neuron for exporting the external pulse.
2. the bionical circuit of neuron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the controllable current source includes: input terminal, defeated
Outlet, first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, first capacitor, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the second capacitor
And transport and placing device；
The input terminal of the controllable current source is connect with the outside source, and the output end of the controllable current source is filled with described
Discharge module connection；
The first end of the first resistor is connect with the input terminal of the controllable current source, the second end difference of the first resistor
It is connect with the first end of the normal phase input end of the transport and placing device, the first end of the second resistance and the first capacitor；
The second end of the second resistance respectively with the second end of the first capacitor, the second end of the 3rd resistor and described
The output end of controllable current source connects；
The first end of 4th resistance is grounded, the second end of the 4th resistance anti-phase input with the transport and placing device respectively
It holds, the first end of the 5th resistance is connected with the first end of second capacitor；
The second end of 5th resistance is connect with the first end of the second end of second capacitor and the 6th resistance respectively；
The second end of 6th resistance is connect with the first end of the output end of the transport and placing device and the 3rd resistor respectively.
3. the bionical circuit of neuron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the charge-discharge modules include: first end,
Two ends, membrane capacitance and the first variable resistance unit；
The first end of the charge-discharge modules is connect with the first end of the controllable current source and the sodium channel module respectively, institute
The second end for stating charge-discharge modules is connect with the second end of the sodium channel module；
The first end of the membrane capacitance respectively with the first end of the charge-discharge modules and first variable resistance unit
One end connection, the second end of the membrane capacitance respectively with the second end of the charge-discharge modules and first variable resistance unit
Second end connection, first variable resistance unit second end ground connection.
4. the bionical circuit of neuron as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that first variable resistance unit is number electricity
Position device.
5. the bionical circuit of neuron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sodium channel module includes: first end,
Two ends, the first triode, the second triode, the 7th resistance, the second adjustable resistance unit and the first variable power supply；
The first end of the sodium channel module is connect with the first end of the potassium channel module, the second end of the sodium channel module
It is connect with the second end of the potassium channel module；
The base stage of first triode is connect with the collector of the first end of the sodium channel module and second triode,
The collector of first triode is connect with the base stage of second triode, and the emitter of first triode passes through institute
The 7th resistance is stated to connect with the second end of the sodium channel module；
The collector of second triode is also connect with the first end of the sodium channel module, the transmitting of second triode
Pole is connect by the second adjustable resistance unit with the first end of first variable power supply；
The second end of first variable power supply is connect with the second end of the sodium channel module, and the second of the sodium channel module
End ground connection.
6. the bionical circuit of neuron as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that first variable power supply includes: third electricity
Appearance, the 4th capacitor, the 5th capacitor, the 6th capacitor, the 7th capacitor, first diode, the 8th resistance, the first source of stable pressure and the first number
Word potentiometer；
The input terminal of first source of stable pressure respectively with external 9V DC power supply, the first end of the third capacitor and the described 4th
The first end of capacitor connects, the output end of first source of stable pressure respectively with the first end of first variable power supply, described the
The anode of one diode, the first end of the 8th resistance, the first end of the 6th capacitor and the 7th capacitor first
End connection, the control terminal of first source of stable pressure respectively with the output end of first digital regulation resistance, the first diode
Cathode, the 8th resistance second end connected with the first end of the 5th capacitor；
The second end of the third capacitor, the second end of the 4th capacitor, the second end of the 5th capacitor, the 6th electricity
The ground terminal of the second end of appearance, the second end of the 7th capacitor and first digital regulation resistance with the first variable power supply
The connection of two ends, and be grounded jointly.
7. such as the bionical circuit of neuron as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the potassium channel module includes:
First end, second end, third variable resistance unit, the 9th resistance, third transistor, the 8th capacitor and the second variable power supply；
The first end of the potassium channel module is connect with the first end of the sodium channel module, the second end of the potassium channel module
It is connect with the second end of the sodium channel module；
The first end of the third variable resistance unit respectively with the first end of the potassium channel module and the 9th resistance
First end connection, the second end of the third variable resistance unit are connect with the collector of the third transistor；
The base stage of the third transistor is connect with the first end of the second end of the 9th resistance and the 8th capacitor respectively,
The emitter of the third transistor passes through the second end of second variable power supply and the potassium channel module, the 8th electricity
The second end of appearance is connected with ground terminal.
8. the bionical circuit of neuron as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that second variable power supply includes: polarity electricity
Appearance, the 9th capacitor, the tenth capacitor, the 11st capacitor, the tenth resistance, the second source of stable pressure and the second digital regulation resistance；
The input terminal of second source of stable pressure respectively with outside -9V DC power supply, the cathode of the polar capacitor and the described 9th
The first end of capacitor connects, the output end of second source of stable pressure respectively with the first end of the 11st capacitor, the described tenth
The first end of resistance is connected with the first end of second variable power supply, and the control terminal of second source of stable pressure is respectively with described
The first end of ten capacitors is connected with the output end of second digital regulation resistance；
The second end of positive, described 9th capacitor of the polar capacitor, the second end of the tenth capacitor, the 11st electricity
The ground of the second end of appearance, the second end of the tenth resistance, the ground terminal of second source of stable pressure and second digital regulation resistance
End is connect with the second end of the second variable power supply, and is grounded jointly.
9. the bionical circuit of neuron as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that second source of stable pressure is LT3090 chip.
10. a kind of neuromorphic system, which is characterized in that including neuron monitor circuit, which is characterized in that further include with it is described
The bionical circuit of neuron as described in any one of claim 1 to 9 of neuron monitoring circuit connection；
Wherein, the neuron monitoring circuit includes: voltage monitoring module and control module；
The voltage monitoring module is connect with the control module, for obtaining the nerve of the bionical circuit output of the neuron
The information of voltage of the bionical pulse of member, and the information of voltage is sent to the control module；
The control module, for judging whether the information of voltage meets target voltage information, according to judging result to described
The bionical circuit output of neuron controls signal；The bionical circuit of neuron is according to the bionical arteries and veins of control signal output target nerve member
Punching.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109670585A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-23 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Neuron bionic circuit and neuromorphic system |
| CN110750945A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-02-04 | 中科寒武纪科技股份有限公司 | Chip simulation method and device, simulation chip and related product |
| CN112183738A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-05 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Demonstration system for simulating multiple discharge modes of neuron |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201822244967.0U patent/CN209216149U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109670585A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-23 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Neuron bionic circuit and neuromorphic system |
| CN109670585B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-01-23 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Neuron bionic circuit and neuromorphic system |
| CN110750945A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-02-04 | 中科寒武纪科技股份有限公司 | Chip simulation method and device, simulation chip and related product |
| CN112183738A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-05 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Demonstration system for simulating multiple discharge modes of neuron |
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