CN209214382U - A kind of uniform furnace cupola of cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of uniform furnace cupolas of cloth, including furnace cupola, the soaring furnace upper end is equipped with feed opening and smoke-box, centre is equipped with shaft, bottom end is equipped with bellows and cupola well, the smoke-box is connected with flue gas processing device by first pipe, the bellows are connected with air blower, the cupola well is connected with forehearth, the flue gas processing device includes desulfurizer and dust-extraction unit, the feed opening passes through the smoke-box by feeder pipe and is connected to the shaft, the shaft is tubular construction, the feeder pipe outlet is placed in right above the shaft, the feeder pipe exit is equipped with sieve, the sieve is pivoted, the rotary shaft of the sieve and the shaft are coaxial.The sieve of rotation is arranged in the furnace cupola on the downside of feeder pipe outlet, and sieve provides material certain centrifugal force, so that partial material falls to shaft after circumferentially distributed can opening.

Description

A kind of uniform furnace cupola of cloth

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of furnace cupola more particularly to a kind of uniform furnace cupolas of cloth.

Background technique

Furnace cupola is the important equipment of melting iron in Foundry Production, is poured into sand mold after casting pig is fused into molten iron In after cooling unpack obtain casting.Furnace cupola is a kind of vertical cylinder-shaped smelting furnace, is divided into forehearth and rear furnace.Forehearth divides again For tapping hole, slag notch, cupola well and gap bridge before bell.It is mainly used for iron casting production, also to cooperate pneumatic steelmaking.

The course of work of furnace cupola: first a certain amount of coal is packed into furnace and is used as bed coke, its height is generally at one meter More than.After igniting, bed coke is added into specified altitude, is bed coke height from air port to the top surface of bed coke.Then the fusing of stove is pressed The lime stone prepared, metal charge and coke charge are added from feeding port rate in batches in order.It is kept during entire blow-on Furnace charge top surface is in feeding port lower edge.Blast the air in furnace through air port and occur combustion reaction with bed coke, the high-temperature furnace gas of generation to Upper flowing heats furnace charge, and melts first metal charge on bed coke top surface.As the burning of bed coke is become estranged metal charge Fusing, the bed of material is gradually reduced.After every batch of is load melting, fuel is supplemented by additional coke charge, is kept substantially bed coke height Constant, entire fusion process is carried out continuously.

Lime stone in furnace charge resolves into lime and carbon dioxide under the action of high-temperature furnace gas.Lime is alkaline oxygenated Object, it can and coke in ash content and furnace charge in the acidic materials such as impurity, metal oxide be combined into lower melting-point clinker. The clinker of fusing also falls on down cupola well, and floats on molten iron.

Material at shaft is lime stone, metal charge and the distribution of coke charge level, if the material laying depth in same layer is different It causes, the burn rate that will lead to bed of material inclination or every place material is inconsistent, and blanking process is in shaft centre bit due to feeder pipe It sets, will lead to the thin situation in blanking rear center thickness side, and then cause laying depth different.

Summary of the invention

For the present invention in order to prevent in blanking process, there is situation thin around thick middle in the bed of material, and it is equal to provide a kind of cloth The sieve of rotation is arranged in even furnace cupola, the furnace cupola on the downside of feeder pipe outlet, and sieve provides material certain centrifugal force, makes It obtains after partial material circumferentially distributed can be opened and falls to shaft.

The technical solution used in the present invention are as follows: a kind of uniform furnace cupola of cloth, including furnace cupola, on the furnace cupola End is equipped with feeding port and smoke-box, and centre is equipped with shaft, and bottom end is equipped with bellows and cupola well, and the smoke-box is connected with by first pipe Flue gas processing device, the bellows are connected with air blower, and the cupola well is connected with forehearth, and the flue gas processing device includes desulfurization Device and dust-extraction unit, the feeding port pass through the smoke-box by feeder pipe and are connected to the shaft, and the shaft is tubular knot Structure, the feeder pipe outlet are placed in right above the shaft, and the feeder pipe exit is equipped with sieve, and the sieve is revolved around axis Turn, the rotary shaft of the sieve and the shaft are coaxial；The feeding port is arranged in the smoke-box side wall, and the feeder pipe is by rushing Furnace extroversion furnace cupola is tilted extends downwardly for it；The feeding port is open straight up.

Further, the smoke-box inner wall connects and is hung with baffle at the feeder pipe, the baffle top articulated connection The smoke-box side wall.

Further, the flue gas processing device includes cyclone dust collectors, desulfurizer and carbon dioxide removal device, described Smoke-box leads to the cyclone dust collectors by the first pipe, and the bellows are connected to the carbon dioxide removal by second pipe Device, the bellows connect the first air blower by third pipeline, and the cupola well is connected with forehearth, and the flue gas after burning is through first Pipeline is back to the bellows after flowing successively through cyclone dust collectors, desulfurizer and carbon dioxide removal device.

Further, calcium carbonate is stored in the desulfurizer.

Further, the carbon dioxide removal device is built-in with calcium hydroxide solution.

Further, heat exchanger is equipped between the cyclone dust collectors and the desulfurizer.

It further, is high temperature flue outside the heat exchanger, inner disk is screwed with cold air channel, the cold air Channel is connected with the second air blower, and the high temperature flue entrance connects the cyclone dust collectors, the high temperature flue Outlet connects the desulfurizer.

Further, furnace cupola bellows described in the cold air channel outlet.

Beneficial effect caused by the present invention includes: that the furnace cupola in the present invention falls to sieve by feeder pipe, is being sieved The centrifugal force that net provides acts on lower partial material circumferential movement and falls under the effect of gravity, realizes that material is gathered in center whereabouts The case where occur.

Baffle, blanking is arranged in smoke-box side wall and in feeder pipe and smoke-box side wall junction in feeding port setting of the invention When, baffle is flipped up under the promotion of material, does not influence material entrance, after the completion of blanking, baffle is downward under the effect of gravity Overturning closes feeder pipe, prevents smoke-box gas from flowing directly into air.

Flue gas in the present invention first passes around cyclone dust collectors and is dusted, and then removes the inside dioxy by desulfurizer Change sulphur gas, remove carbon dioxide by removing carbon dioxide device later, increase the carbon monoxide content in flue gas, increases recycling The combustibility of flue gas afterwards is back to the air mixing after-combustion that bellows are blown into air blower, and the desulfurizer in the present invention uses Calcium carbonate doctor treatment is the influence in sweetening process to carbon dioxide in order to prevent, and the carbon dioxide removal device in the present invention passes through Calcium hydroxide solution removes, and the calcium carbonate recoverable generated after calcium hydroxide absorbing carbon dioxide to cupola shaft is filled Lime stone in, it is in order to avoid sulfur dioxide and calcium hydroxide that the present invention, which first passes around and removes carbon dioxide again after desulfurizer, Solution reaction causes the calcium carbonate generated to include calcium sulfate, and then influences the purity of calcium carbonate, is unfavorable for recycling.

Detailed description of the invention

The structural schematic diagram of furnace cupola in Fig. 1 present invention；

The structural schematic diagram of desulfurizer in Fig. 2 present invention；

The structural schematic diagram of heat exchanger in Fig. 3 present invention；

The structural schematic diagram of cooling medium pipeline in Fig. 4 present invention；

Heel and straight sections structural schematic diagram in Fig. 5 present invention；

The structural schematic diagram of localised protection cover in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 present invention；

1, furnace cupola in figure, 101, feeding port, 102, feeder pipe, 103, sieve, 104, ash bucket, 105, smoke-box, 106, furnace Body, 107, bellows 108, cupola well, 109, baffle, 2, cyclone dust collectors, 3, heat exchanger, 301, cold air channel, 302, cold air Entrance, 303, cold-air vent, 304, smoke inlet, 305, exhanst gas outlet, 306, First Heat Exchanger, the 307, second heat exchanger, 3071, small cooler, 3072, big cooler, 4, desulfurizer, 401, spraying mechanism, the 402, first pond, the 403, second water Pond, 404, water pump, 5, carbon dioxide removal device, the 6, first air blower, the 7, second air blower, 8, first pipe, 9, second pipe, 10, third pipeline, 11, straight sections, the 111, first straight sections, the 112, second straight sections, 12, heel, the 121, first turn of bilge, 122, the second turn of bilge, 123, third turn of bilge, 124, vertex, 13. Global Macros covers, 14, protection pipe, 15, angle steel formula baffle, 16, The board-like baffle of arc.

Specific embodiment

Further details of explanation is done to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, it should be appreciated that The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation manner.

As shown in Figure 1, the uniform furnace cupola 1 of one of present invention cloth, soaring including being connected by flue Furnace 1, cyclone dust collectors 2, desulfurizer 4 and carbon dioxide removal device 5,1 top of furnace cupola are equipped with feeding port and smoke-box 105, in Between be equipped with shaft 106,106 lower end of shaft is bellows 107 and cupola well 108, and cupola well 108 is used to store iron liquid, and bellows 107 connect wind Pipe, for blasting air for fuel combustion, the flue gas after burning rises to smoke-box 105, and feeding port 101 is worn by feeder pipe 102 It crosses smoke-box 105 and leads to shaft 106,105 bottom of smoke-box connects ash bucket 104, and smoke-box 105 connects cyclone dust removal by first pipe 8 Device 2, flue gas successively flow to cyclone dust collectors 2 by first pipe 8 and are dusted processing, remove the bulky grain solid in flue gas Then object carries out desulfurization process by desulfurizer 4, remove the oxysulfide in flue gas, prevents oxysulfide outflow pollution empty Gas, while the content of other gas componants is improved, carbon dioxide removal device 5 is subsequently flowed to, for removing the dioxy in flue gas Change carbon, increases the content of carbon monoxide, while avoiding carbon dioxide in flue gas too high levels, cause to extinguish the blaze, it is purified Flue gas flows to bellows 107 through second pipe 9 and is reused, while bellows 107 connect the first air blast by third pipeline 10 Machine 6, the first air blower 6 blast air into bellows 107, and flue gas carries out CO burning heat release after mixing with air, this sets Meter, which avoids flue gas and flows directly into, leads to carbon monoxide pollution in air, while continuing as rushing using the combustibility of carbon monoxide Its furnace 1 provides heat, improves the utilization rate of fuel.

Shaft 106 in the present invention is tubular construction, and the outlet of feeder pipe 102 is placed in right above shaft 106, feeder pipe 102 Exit is equipped with sieve 103, and sieve 103 is pivoted, and the rotary shaft and shaft 106 of sieve 103 are coaxial.Sieve 103 is placed in furnace 106 upper end of body, sieve 103 export 0.5 ~ 0.9m apart from feeder pipe 102, and material is fallen on sieve 103 by feeder pipe 102, Material is under the comprehensive function of centrifugal force and gravity that sieve 103 provides, and partial material falls directly at center, partial material It falls after circumferentially scattering, 103 revolving speed of sieve is 30 ~ 60 rad/min, and revolving speed is too fast to will lead to a large amount of material circumferential movements, in turn Cause material at center less, revolving speed is excessively slow, will lead to that centrifugal force is smaller, and it is more that center falls material.Sieve 103 in the present invention Aperture is gradually increased outward by center, by gap between 106 side wall of sieve 103 and shaft in the present invention.

The setting of feeding port 101 is in 105 side wall of smoke-box in the present invention, and feeder pipe 102 is by the export-oriented furnace cupola 1 of furnace cupola 1 It is tilted to extend downwardly.105 inner wall of smoke-box connects and is hung with baffle 109 at the feeder pipe 102, and the baffle 109 pushes up End articulated connection 105 side wall of smoke-box.Feeding port 101 of the invention is arranged in 105 side wall of smoke-box and in feeder pipe 102 and cigarette Baffle 109 is arranged in 105 side wall junction of room, and when blanking, baffle 109 is flipped up under the promotion of material, do not influence material into Enter, after the completion of blanking, baffle 109 downwardly turns under the effect of gravity, closes feeder pipe 102, prevents 105 gas of smoke-box from directly flowing Enter in air.For the ease of charging, the feeding port 101 is open straight up.

The alkaline solutions such as calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate are stored in desulfurizer 4 in the present invention, pass through calcium carbonate and sulphur Oxide reacts purifying smoke, and calcium sulfate with carbon dioxide reaction, does not avoid influence of the desulfurizer 4 to carbon dioxide；This Calcium hydroxide solution is stored in carbon dioxide removal device 5 in invention, calcium hydroxide solution can be made by quick lime, hydrogen-oxygen Change the calcium carbonate i.e. lime stone generated after calcium solution and carbon dioxide reaction can be used for lime building stones in shaft 106 again, so that place Reason material recycling, avoids waste, reduces costs.

Such as Fig. 2, the desulfurizer 4 in the present invention selects spray desulfurizer, by realizing to gas shower sulphur removal solution Desulfurization, the spray desulfurizer are made of spraying mechanism 401 and water circulation system；The water circulation system includes the first pond 402, the second pond 403 and water pump 404；Second pond 403 is located at 401 lower section of spraying mechanism；First pond, 402 He Second pond 403 communicates；Water pump 404 is equipped in first pond 402；The water pump 404 passes through outlet pipe and spraying mechanism 401 upper ends are connected.

Second pipe 9 in the present invention is equipped with the carbonmonoxide detector for detecting carbon monoxide content, while the Two pipelines 9 lead to carbon monoxide treating unit, if the big Mr. Yu of carbon monoxide content in the flue gas that carbonmonoxide detector detects Flue gas is then led to bellows 107 by value, if content is lower than certain value, flue gas is led to carbon monoxide treating unit, passes through the device Flue gas is discharged into air after removing carbon monoxide.

Heat exchanger 3 is equipped between cyclone dust collectors 2 in the present invention and desulfurizer 4, for reducing the heat in flue gas, It prevents flue-gas temperature is excessively high from leading to water evaporation in calcium hydroxide solution below, influences the treatment effeciency of carbon dioxide, in heat exchanger 3 Portion, which spirals, cooling medium channel, is cold air channel 301 at this, and cold air channel 301 blasts the external world by the second air blower 7 Air, outside are exhaust gases passes, and after high-temperature flue gas and cold air carry out heat exchange, air temperature is increased, and flue-gas temperature reduces, By pipeline flow-direction bellows 107, cold air is flowed by cool air inlet 302, is flowed by cold-air vent 303 cold air after heating Out, high-temperature flue gas is by 304 inflow heat exchanger of smoke inlet, and by 305 outflow heat exchanger of exhanst gas outlet, the design achieves heat weights It is multiple to utilize, save the cost.Flue gas after cooling leads to desulfurizer 4.

In order to which flue gas sufficiently cools down, heat exchanger includes First Heat Exchanger 306 and the second heat exchanger 307, such as Fig. 3, first Heat exchanger is air-smoke heat replacing device, and the second heat exchanger is water-smoke heat replacing device, is retouched in the i.e. upper paragraph of First Heat Exchanger Cold air after heating is drained to bellows 107 by the heat exchanger structure stated.High-temperature flue gas carries out hot friendship in First Heat Exchanger It changes, the wind-warm syndrome into furnace cupola is made to be reduced to 4020 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C；Second heat exchanger includes small cooler 3071 and big cooler 3072, the inside only has cooling water, and high-temperature flue gas, with water coke slurry heat, realizes water temperature raising and flue gas after the second heat exchanger Temperature reduces, and cooler is pipe type water cooler, manages outer logical flue gas, manages interior water flowing, water and flue gas are counterflow heat exchange form, to mention High cooling effect, therefore two groups of concatenated forms of cooler are used, flue-gas temperature can be dropped to 100 by 450 DEG C by the second heat exchanger DEG C or less.

Since, there are a large amount of dust, the dust of high speed circulation can be situated between with the cooling of distribution of spiraling in heat exchanger in high-temperature flue gas Matter pipeline heating surface is hit, and dust can all peel off minimum metal fillings to each shock of heating surface, to make to be heated Facial canal wall is thinning, in turn results in Pipeline damage, and the maintenance of the cooling medium pipeline for distribution of spiraling in heat exchanger is time-consuming and laborious, at This height.Protective device is arranged on the heating surface of pipeline and high-temperature flue gas, due to pipe in the occurrence of present invention is in order to avoid this The shock of road and flue gas occurs mainly in the corner of pipeline, therefore protective device is mainly arranged in pipeline corner, and pipeline includes Straight sections and heel, heel are placed in pipeline corner, and protective device is divided into elbow Global Macros and elbow localised protection.

Protective cover is arranged in channel bend portion in elbow Global Macros, and pipeline is reciprocal between first end and the second end It spirals extension, Global Macros cover 13 includes the first Global Macros cover 13 and the second Global Macros cover 13, first Global Macros Cover 13 is used to coat close to the curved of the second end for coating the elbow close to first end, the second Global Macros cover 13 Head, the first Global Macros cover 13 and the second Global Macros cover 13 prevent flue gas from hitting respectively by the elbow integral coating at both ends.

Elbow localised protection is to protect respectively to each elbow, and the form of elbow localised protection can be curved in pipeline Head is outer to be arranged protection pipe 14, and 14 internal diameter of protection pipe is greater than or equal to outer diameter tube, and elbow localised protection can also be and meet outside Localised protection cover, localised protection cover connecting pipe outer wall side is arranged in the side of flue gas, and localised protection cover can keep off for angle steel formula The board-like baffle 16 of plate 15, arc, angle steel formula baffle 15 and the board-like baffle 16 of arc coat 1/4 duct wall.

Easily cause to overheat close to the elbow of smoke inlet, and then lead to pipeline high temperature corrosion, need to the part elbow into The anti-overheating protection of row, there are two each heel connections straight sections, respectively the first straight sections 111 and the second straight sections 112, the One straight sections 111 are arranged in parallel relatively with the second straight sections 112.Heel includes the first turn of bilge 121, the second turn of bilge 122 and the Three turn of bilges 123,121 one end of the first turn of bilge are connect with the first straight sections 111, and the other end is connect with the second turn of bilge 122, third turn of bilge 123 one end are connect with the second straight sections 112, and the other end is connect with the second turn of bilge 122, the second turn of bilge 122 and 123 phase of third turn of bilge Meet at heel vertex 124, elbow vertex 124 be apart from first end it is nearest a bit.

First turn of bilge 121 is set out from the first straight sections 111 to be extended to the side far from the second straight sections 112, the first turn of bilge 121 can be arc pipe, can also be straight pipeline, when the first turn of bilge 121 is straight pipeline, the first turn of bilge 121 and the first straight sections 111 angles are 120 ~ 130 °.Second turn of bilge 122 is arc pipe, i.e. pipeline is in round and smooth arc-shaped bend, and the radian of arc pipe is 45~60°；Third turn of bilge 123 is arc pipe, and radian is identical as the second turn of bilge 122, and position and the second turn of bilge 122 are symmetrical, this sets Meter can lengthen heel duct length, increase heel heating surface, and then disperse even heat, and then play the work of anti-overheat With.

Entered in 306 cold wind import of First Heat Exchanger by the cold wind that the second air blower 7 is sent, with enter exchanger heat The high-temp waste gas of wind inlet exchanges heat in heat exchanger, so that cold wind is become high-temperature hot-air, hot blast temperature is up to 420 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C Left and right, hot wind flow out from the hot-blast outlet of heat exchanger, are then entered in furnace cupola by pipeline, make the smelting temperature in furnace cupola Up to 1800 DEG C or more, the molten iron of fusing goes out degree from preceding packet stream.Due to the raising of smelting temperature in furnace be conducive to molten iron in furnace take off Sulphur, degasification and slag iron separation, molten iron temperature is up to 1560 DEG C or so.Since the degree of purity of the high molten iron of molten iron temperature is high, reaching Under conditions of identical molten iron temperature, required coke is few, to reach high-quality energy-efficient effect, high conversion efficiency；Due to molten iron temperature Degree is up to 1560 DEG C or so, so can fall iron filings also melting, thawing is high-efficient, and the molten iron quality of production is good.

For the ease of checking 1 fuel situation of furnace cupola, flame-observing hole is set on bellows 107, and flame-observing hole, which is equipped with, sees fire Lid is opened when needing to check the intensity of a fire and sees fire cover, when needing not look at, closes and sees fire cover.It is warm in heat exchanger 3 in order to prevent Spend height, air pressure is excessive to lead to the accidents such as explosion, and explosion-proof valve is equipped at the top of heat exchanger 3, can also be arranged gas pressure detector and Alarm, when air pressure is excessively high, alarm starting is alarmed.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in the content of embodiment.For in this field Technical staff for, can have various change and change within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, made any variation and Change, within that scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of uniform furnace cupola of cloth, it is characterised in that: including furnace cupola, the soaring furnace upper end is equipped with feeding port and cigarette Room, centre are equipped with shaft, and bottom end is equipped with bellows and cupola well, and the smoke-box is connected with flue gas processing device by first pipe, institute It states bellows and is connected with air blower, the cupola well is connected with forehearth, and the flue gas processing device includes desulfurizer and dust-extraction unit, The feeding port passes through the smoke-box by feeder pipe and is connected to the shaft, and the shaft is tubular construction, and the feeder pipe goes out Mouth is placed in right above the shaft, and the feeder pipe exit is equipped with sieve, and the sieve is pivoted, the rotation of the sieve Axis and the shaft are coaxial.

2. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the feeding port is arranged in the smoke-box Side wall, the feeder pipe are extended downwardly by furnace cupola extroversion furnace cupola is tilted.

3. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the smoke-box inner wall connects the blanking Baffle, the baffle top articulated connection smoke-box side wall are hung at pipe.

4. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flue gas processing device includes whirlwind Deduster, desulfurizer and carbon dioxide removal device, the smoke-box lead to the cyclone dust collectors, institute by the first pipe It states bellows and the carbon dioxide removal device is connected to by second pipe, the bellows connect the first air blower by third pipeline, The cupola well is connected with forehearth, and the flue gas after burning flows successively through cyclone dust collectors, desulfurizer and de- dioxy through first pipe The bellows are back to after changing carbon device.

5. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: be stored with carbonic acid in the desulfurizer Calcium, the carbon dioxide removal device are built-in with calcium hydroxide solution.

6. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: taken off in the cyclone dust collectors with described Heat exchanger is equipped between sulphur device, the heat exchanger inner disk is screwed with cooling medium channel, and the cooling medium channel is cold sky Gas channel or cooling-water duct.

7. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the heat exchanger includes that high-temperature flue gas is logical Road and cold air channel, the heat exchanger inner disk are screwed with cold air channel, and the cold air channel is connected with the second air blower, The high temperature flue entrance connects the cyclone dust collectors, and the high temperature flue outlet connects the desulfurizer, Furnace cupola bellows described in the cold air channel outlet.

8. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the cooling medium channel includes straight tube Portion and heel, the protective device for preventing flue gas from hitting tube wall is equipped in the heel, and the protective device is curved to be set in The pipe sleeve of head pipeline periphery, the pipe sleeve are metal pipe sleeve.

9. the uniform furnace cupola of cloth according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the cooling medium channel includes straight tube Portion and heel, the straight sections for connecting the heel include the first straight sections and the second straight sections, and the heel includes the One turn of bilge, the second turn of bilge and third turn of bilge, first turn of bilge one end are connect with the first straight sections, and the other end is connect with the second turn of bilge, Third turn of bilge one end is connect with the second straight sections, and the other end is connect with the second turn of bilge, and the second turn of bilge intersects at curved with third turn of bilge Cephalad apex, the first turn of bilge is set out from the first straight sections to be extended to the side far from the second straight sections, and the first turn of bilge is straight pipeline, First turn of bilge and the first straight sections angle are 120 ~ 130 °；Second turn of bilge is arc pipe, the radian of the arc pipe is 45 ~ 60 °, the third turn of bilge and second turn of bilge are symmetrical arranged.