CN209198266U - Particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device - Google Patents
Particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209198266U CN209198266U CN201822109823.4U CN201822109823U CN209198266U CN 209198266 U CN209198266 U CN 209198266U CN 201822109823 U CN201822109823 U CN 201822109823U CN 209198266 U CN209198266 U CN 209198266U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to solar energy thermal-power-generating technical field, in particular to a kind of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device.This measuring device includes monochromatic light generator, integrating sphere, background, transmission mechanism, heating mechanism, light-measuring mechanism and photographic unit, and the tertiary above-mentioned apparatus component of root can measure the output response signal S of the reflected light of the reference standard sample of known spectra reflectivity respectivelyrThe output response signal S of the reflected light of (λ), backgroundbThen (λ) and picture signal simulate the forms of motion of particle in heat dump and detect the output response signal S of background and the reflected light of particle at this timebp(λ) and picture signal.According to the three output response signal S detectedr(λ)、Sb(λ)、SbpThe data of (λ), and the average background accounting P being calculated by the processing to image information twiceb, the absorptivity α of particle is calculatedp(λ, Tbp), to obtain the radiation absorption characteristics of the particle in heat dump under motion state.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to solar energy thermal-power-generating technical field, in particular to a kind of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics are surveyed
Measure device.
Background technique
Distribution of solar energy is extensive, and the radiation energy for reaching earth surface every year reaches 3 × 1021KJ, about global energy consumption
5000 times of total amount.Solar light-heat power-generation output stablizes, is high-efficient, can be used as basic load and peaking power source, development potentiality
It is huge.It is predicted according to International Energy Agency, the hot generator installation of the year two thousand fifty global solar is expected to reach 1,000,000,000 kilowatts, and generated energy accounts for entirely
The 11% of ball.According to China " electric power development " 13 " planning ", will be reached to the solar energy thermal-power-generating installed capacity of the year two thousand twenty China
To 5,000,000 kilowatts, it is contemplated that be up to 30,000,000 kilowatts to the year two thousand thirty.
Specifically, solar energy thermal-power-generating refers to the technology for converting the solar energy of collection to thermal energy and be used to generate electricity,
During photo-thermal power generation, there is high temperature using particle as the heat-absorbing medium of heat sink, efficiently, convenient, succinctly, safety etc. is excellent
Gesture, currently, relatively common particle heat sink type has curtain-type particle heat absorber, hinders the heat absorption of streaming particle in the world
Device, centrifugal pellet heat dump, fluidized bed type particle heat absorber etc., wherein Zhejiang University proposes a kind of ramp type particle heat absorption
Device, to solve the problems, such as that endothermic temperature is lower and not exclusively controllable in existing particle heat absorber technology.
Most of high-temperature particle heat dumps are direct-type particle heat absorber, i.e., particle is directly added by focused solar energy radiation
The heat dump of heat, therefore radiation absorption characteristics of the particle under high temperature motion state will have a direct impact on high-temperature particle heat dump sheet
The operating condition and operational efficiency of body, if the radiation absorption that can obtain the high temperature moving particle in high-temperature particle heat dump is special
Property, so that it may operation and optimisation strategy to heat dump itself provide important data and support.Currently, sample emission absorption characteristic
Measurement be usually utilize spectrometer (such as Fabry-Perot interferometer, Fourier infrared spectrograph), the instruments such as integrating sphere into
Row measurement, but these measurements often all can be only applied to stationary sample at room temperature, and this needs to know that high temperature moves for some
For the device of the radiation absorption characteristics of sample, such as high-temperature particle heat dump, it is difficult to apply, it is therefore desirable to which one kind is directed to
The measuring device of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics in solar energy high temperature particle heat absorber.
Utility model content
The utility model proposes, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics in view of the above technical problems
Measuring device, the measuring device of the particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics of the utility model can detect reference standard sample respectively
The output response signal of reflected light, background reflected light output response signal and image information, background and particle reflection
The output response signal and image information of light, are obtained by calculation the absorptivity of moving particle, to obtain heat dump high temperature
The radiation absorption characteristics of moving particle, thus be conducive to radiation absorption characteristics according to particle to heat dump improve with it is excellent
Change, improves the heat absorption efficiency of heat dump.
Specifically, the utility model provides a kind of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device, for measuring too
Particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics in positive energy solar energy high temperature particle heat absorber, comprising:
Monochromatic light generating mechanism, for generating the monochromatic light of specific wavelength and light intensity；
Integrating sphere, the entrance aperture of the integrating sphere are connected with the outlet of the monochromatic light generating mechanism；
Background is placed for particle；
Transmission mechanism, the motion state of particle keeps one under operating condition in the motion state and heat dump for driving particle
It causes；
Heating mechanism, for heating background, background and the particle operating condition into the temperature of background, background and particle and heat dump
Lower temperature is consistent；
Light-measuring mechanism, for receiving via reference standard sample, background, background and the particle reflection being located in integrating sphere
Light and the output response signal for measuring corresponding reflected light；
Photographic unit, for acquiring background, background and the image of particle；
Compared to existing technologies, the measuring device of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics provided by the utility model is led to
Cross detection obtain the output response signal of reflected light of reference standard sample of known spectra reflectivity, background reflected light it is defeated
Then response signal and image information out simulate the forms of motion of particle in heat dump and detect the reflection of background and particle at this time
The output response signal and image information of light.According to the data of three output response signals detected, and by twice
The average background accounting that the image information of acquisition is handled, is calculated the absorptivity of high temperature moving particle.The present apparatus
The motion state and state of temperature of particle in real simulation heat dump, so that the data measured are more close to particle in heat dump
True radiation absorption feature, reduce experimental error, improve the validity of experimental data.
Further, preferably, further including cooling body, the cooling body and the integrating sphere and the receipts light
Device is thermally connected.
According to the preferred embodiment, cooling body can cool down integrating sphere and light receiving device, avoid material in integrating sphere and light receiving device
The problems such as high-temperature oxydation of material and coating, improves the working life of integrating sphere and light receiving device.
Further, preferably, the cooling body is magnetism servo-electric motor water-cooling or air-cooled mechanism.
Further, preferably, further including temperature measuring mechanism, the temperature measuring mechanism is able to detect the background, the back
The temperature of scape and particle or the integrating sphere.
It can be in time according to the temperature measured using temperature measuring mechanism measurement background, background and particle according to the preferred embodiment
Whether heating mechanism is determined to the heating of background or background and particle, heating intensity and heating time.Also it can use survey
The temperature of warm mechanism measurement integrating sphere or light receiving device, can in time according to the temperature measured determine cooling body to integrating sphere,
Whether the cooling of light receiving device, intensity of cooling and cooling time.
Further, preferably, the temperature measuring mechanism has multiple, multiple temperature measuring mechanisms detect the back respectively
The temperature of scape, the background and particle and the integrating sphere.
It can be in time according to the temperature measured using temperature measuring mechanism measurement background, background and particle according to the preferred embodiment
Whether heating mechanism is determined to the heating of background, background and particle, heating intensity and heating time.It is measured using temperature measuring mechanism
The temperature of integrating sphere, light receiving device, can in time according to the temperature that measures determine cooling body to the cooling of integrating sphere, light receiving device with
No, intensity of cooling and cooling time.
Further, preferably, further including for collecting light and by the light conduction of collection to the integrating sphere
Light receiving device, the light receiving device are connected with the background and particle, and the light receiving device is connected with the sample well of the integrating sphere.
According to the preferred embodiment, the light that background, background and particle reflect can be collected and be conducted to integrating sphere by light receiving device
It is interior, optical loss is reduced, guarantees stabilized intensity, experimental error is reduced, improves the validity of detection data.
Further, preferably, the monochromatic light generating mechanism includes light source and monochromator, the monochromator is located at
Between the light source and the integrating sphere.
According to the preferred embodiment, the polychromatic light received simply and rapidly can be changed into certain wave using monochromator
Long monochromatic light.
Further, preferably, the heating mechanism is in tubular heater, combustion chamber or condenser heater
It is a kind of.
Further, preferably, the background is the inclined plate or rectilinear curtain parados with tilting.
Further, preferably, further including computer, the monochromatic light generating mechanism, the transmission mechanism, it is described plus
Heat engine structure and the light-measuring mechanism are communicated to connect respectively at the computer and are run under the control of above-mentioned computer.
According to the preferred embodiment, the work of each step in detection method is managed collectively and controlled using computer, is calculated
The control of machine precisely, quickly and efficiently, reduces the error of links data, improves the validity of detection data, and then improve
The validity of final calculation result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is the absorption variations curve graph after ceramic particle is not heat-treated and is heat-treated；
Fig. 4 is the standard reflectivity of the ultraviolet reinforced Al-flim reflector as standard reference sample；
Fig. 5 is the image information schematic diagram at the background of acquisition；
The background and the image information schematic diagram at particle that Fig. 6 is acquisition；
Fig. 7 is output response signal measuring principle structural schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 8 is image information measuring principle structural schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 9 is two output response signal measuring principle structural schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment；
Figure 10 is image information measuring principle structural schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment two.
Description of symbols:
100, computer；200, monochromatic light generating mechanism；1, light source；2, monochromator；3, integrating sphere；3a, entrance aperture；3b,
Exploration hole；3c, sample well；4, background；4a, inclined plate；4b, curtain parados；5, particle；6, light receiving device；7, light-measuring mechanism；8, it is driven
Mechanism；9, heating mechanism；10, cooling body；11, temperature measuring mechanism；12, photographic unit；13, thermal insulation material.
Specific embodiment
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that
It is that these embodiments are used only for explaining the technical principle of the utility model, it is not intended that limit the protection of the utility model
Range.Those skilled in the art, which can according to need, adjusts it, to adapt to specific application.For example, although
Each component part of particle heat sink described in the specification for photo-thermal power generation all has scheduled shape and structure,
But these component parts are obviously also configured to other shapes and structure, as long as the component part can complete it is pre-
Determine function.The change of this component part shape and structure without departing from the utility model basic principle, therefore all will
It falls within the protection scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that in the description of the preferred embodiment of the utility model, term " on ", "lower", " left side ",
The direction of the instructions such as " right side ", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outside" or the term of positional relationship are based on attached drawing
Shown in direction or positional relationship, this is intended merely to facilitate description, rather than indication or suggestion described device or component part
It must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
In addition it is also necessary to explanation, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, art
Language " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " cooperation " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, " connection " may be a fixed connection, be also possible to
It is detachably connected, or is integrally connected；It can be directly connected, two can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside component part.To those skilled in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term is practical at this as the case may be
Concrete meaning in novel.
Embodiment one
The first embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of measuring device of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics, including
Monochromatic light generating mechanism 200, for generating the monochromatic light of specific wavelength and light intensity；Integrating sphere 3, the entrance aperture 3a of integrating sphere 3 with
The outlet of monochromatic light generating mechanism 200 is connected；Light receiving device 6 is connected with the sample well 3c of integrating sphere 3；Background 4 is put for particle 5
It sets, background 4 and particle 5 are connected with light receiving device 6；Transmission mechanism 8, work in the motion state and heat dump for driving particle 5
The motion state of particle 5 is consistent under condition；Heating mechanism 9, for heating background 4, background 4 and particle 5 to background 4, background 4
And temperature is consistent under operating condition in the temperature and heat dump of particle 5；Cooling body 10, for overtemperature integrating sphere 3 and
Light receiving device 6 cools down；Light-measuring mechanism 7, for receiving via the reference standard sample and background 4, background 4 being located in integrating sphere 3
And the light that reflects of particle 5 and measure the output response signal of corresponding reflected light；Temperature measuring mechanism 11, for detecting background 4, background
4 and particle 5, integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6 temperature；Photographic unit 12, for acquiring the figure of background 4, background 4 and particle 5
Picture；Computer 100, respectively with monochromatic light generating mechanism 200, transmission mechanism 8, heating mechanism 9, cooling body 10, light-measuring mechanism 7
And temperature measuring mechanism 11 communicates to connect and controls the operating status of said mechanism.
Compared to existing technologies, particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device provided by the utility model, passes through
Monochromatic light generating mechanism 200, integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6 are set, so that light is evenly distributed on inside integrating sphere 3, standard ginseng
Examining the reflected light on sample, background 4, background 4 and particle 5 can equably be obtained by light-measuring mechanism 7, and light-measuring mechanism 7 is surveyed respectively
The output response signal of light that reflects of standard reference sample, background 4, background 4 and particle 5, and by background 4, background 4 and
The average background accounting that the processing of the image information of particle 5 is calculated, is calculated the absorptivity of high temperature moving particle 5.This
The motion state and state of temperature of particle 5 in device real simulation heat dump, so that the data measured are more close to heat dump
The true radiation absorption feature of middle particle 5 reduces experimental error, improves the validity of experimental data.
Referring to figure 1 and figure 2, the radiation when particle 5 which is used to test in heat dump is kept in motion is inhaled
Characteristic is received, is included the following steps:
Step S1: adjusting and output light is kept to be in first wave length and light intensity state；
Step S2: detection show that spectral reflectivity is ρrThe output response signal S of the reflected light of the reference standard sample of (λ)r
(λ)；
Step S3: background 4 is added and heats background 4 to Tbp, detect the output response signal S for obtaining the reflected light of background 4b
(λ)；
Step S4: the image information at acquisition background 4；
Step S5: particle 5 is added and heats background 4 and particle 5 to Tbp, drive particle 5 to move, detection obtains 4 He of background
The output response signal S of the particle 5 of the movement reflected light of (hereinafter referred to as background 4 and particle 5) as a wholebp(λ)；
Step S6: the image information at acquisition background 4 and particle 5；
Step S7: handling the image information obtained twice, and obtaining 4 occupied area ratio of background is Pb；
Step S8: following formula is utilized, the absorptivity α of high temperature moving particle 5 is calculatedp(λ,Tbp):
Compared to existing technologies, the measurement method of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics provided by the utility model is led to
Cross the output response signal S for detecting the reflected light for the reference standard sample for obtaining known spectra reflectivityrThe reflection of (λ), background 4
The output response signal S of lightbThen (λ) and image information simulate the forms of motion of particle 5 in heat dump and detect background at this time
4 and particle 5 reflected light output response signal Sbp(λ) and image information.According to the three output response signal S detectedr
(λ)、Sb(λ)、SbpThe data of (λ) and the average background accounting P being calculated by the processing to image information twiceb, meter
Calculation obtains the absorptivity α of high temperature moving particle 5p(λ,Tbp), to obtain the optically focused spoke of the particle 5 in heat dump under motion state
Penetrate absorption characteristic.The formula of formula (1) is scientific and reasonable, and the absorptivity for the particle 5 being calculated using formula (1) is more accurate.
By the real result of the radiation absorption characteristics for the moving particle 5 for detecting and being calculated, accurate and effectively, according to
According to the obtained accurate characteristics convenient for heat dump is improved and optimized, the heat absorption efficiency of heat dump is improved.
Above-mentioned measurement can be repeated as many times, and be respectively calculated and obtained initial results, and multiple initial results are then taken
Average value is as last calculated result.The output response signal for obtaining response can also be continuously detected with separated in time, and
Separated in time continuously takes pictures to background, background and particle, is averaged and is calculated, and obtains calculating knot to the end
Fruit.Interval time is unsuitable too short, can be detected or be taken pictures with every 1min-2min and is primary.
Monochromatic light generating mechanism 200 includes light source 1 and monochromator 2, the outlet and the entrance aperture of integrating sphere 3 of monochromator 2
3a is connected, and the exploration hole 3b of integrating sphere 3 is connected with light-measuring mechanism 7, and the sample well 3c of integrating sphere 3 is connected with light receiving device 6,
Light receiving device 6 is connected with background 4, background 5 and particle 5,5 heat of heating mechanism 9, temperature measuring mechanism 11 and background 4, background 4 and particle
Connection, transmission mechanism 8 and background 4, background 4 and particle 5 are sequentially connected, and cooling body 10 and integrating sphere 3, light receiving device 6 are thermally connected,
Monochromatic light generating mechanism 200, cooling body 10, heating mechanism 9, transmission mechanism 8, light-measuring mechanism 7, temperature measuring mechanism 11 and shooting
Mechanism 12 is all communicated to connect with computer 100.
Particularly, particle 5 includes but is not limited to aluminium vanadine ceramsite sand used in general high-temperature particle heat dump.It is preferred that
Ground, the temperature for changing particle 5 take multiple measurements.It is that ceramic particle is not heat-treated and is carried out hot place shown in Fig. 3
The variation of absorptivity after reason.More as can be seen that the absorptivity of not thermally treated particle 5 and thermally treated particle from figure
5 absorptivity tool changes significantly, it is therefore necessary to measure to the absorptivity of particle 5 under different temperatures.Heat herein
Processing, which refers to, is heated to 700 DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature.Therefore, measurement method further includes step S9: adjusting and keeps output light
In second wave length and light intensity state, repeat the above steps S2~S8.The wavelength and light intensity for changing light, measure different temperatures
The radiation absorption characteristics of lower particle.
For solar spectrum range, it is preferable that select ultraviolet reinforced Al-flim reflector (Thorlabs, PF10-03-
F01 it) is used as standard reference sample, standard reflectivity is as shown in Figure 4.
Due to solar energy high temperature particle heat absorber absorb be solar energy, need to only measure solar spectrum range of wavelength and
The light of light intensity, wherein the wave-length coverage for the solar radiation observed on the ground is about 0.295 μm~2.5 μm, namely is adjusted
It saves and controls monochromatic wave-length coverage within 0.295 μm~2.5 μm.
In step s3, in step S5, be provided with light receiving device 6, using light receiving device 6 tentatively collect background 4, background 4 and
The light of 5 reflection of grain, then will be in the light conduction that received to integrating sphere 3.Light receiving device 6 can be used but be not limited to inverted cone with
The structure of optical fiber cooperation tentatively collects light.The light that light receiving device 6 reflects background 4, background 4 and particle 5 is collected simultaneously
In conduction to integrating sphere 3, optical loss can be reduced, guarantees stabilized intensity, reduces the error of experimental data, improves detection data
Validity.
Specifically, the radiation absorption characteristics Computing Principle of particle 5 is as follows:
The output response of light is believed after tentatively collecting via the reflection of reference standard sample, light receiving device 6 and being reflected by integrating sphere 3
Number are as follows:
Sr(λ)=R (λ) CA ρr(λ)·L(λ) (2)
Wherein R (λ) is the signal receptance function of light-measuring mechanism 7 itself, if directly output intensity signal, R value is 1, C
Related with the geometry of light receiving device 6 and inside coating physical property for light receiving device constant, A is integrating sphere constant, with integrating sphere 3
Geometry and inside coating physical property are related, ρr(λ) is the reflectivity of reference standard sample, and L (λ) is monochromatic light generating mechanism
200 output intensity.
Light output response signal after tentatively collecting via the reflection of background 4, light receiving device 6 and being reflected by integrating sphere 3 are as follows:
Sb(λ)=R (λ) CA ρb(λ,Tb)·L(λ) (3)
Wherein ρb(λ) is the reflectivity of background 4.
The output response of light is believed after tentatively collecting and reflected by integrating sphere 3 via background 4 and the reflection of particle 5, light receiving device 6
Number are as follows:
Sbp(λ)=R (λ) CA ρbp(λ,Tbp)·L(λ) (4)
Wherein ρbp(λ) is the integrated reflectance of background 4 and particle 5.
Since background transmittance is generally 0, according to conservation of energy absorptive rate of radiation α (λ) are as follows:
α (λ)=1- ρ (λ) (5)
Therefore, according to (1), (2), (4) formula it is found that 4 absorptivity of background are as follows:
According to (1), (3), (4) formula it is found that 5 integrated absorbance of background 4 and particle are as follows:
5 image of one or more background 4 and particle obtained with CCD camera, subtracts 4 image of background by Boolean calculation,
Obtaining 4 occupied area ratio of background in conjunction with technologies such as limb recognitions is Pb, then the absorptivity of particle 5 can indicate are as follows:
(6), (7), (8) are merged, the absorptivity of particle 5 further indicates that are as follows:
Particularly, it in present embodiment in, uses computer 100 as control unit, controls the progress of measuring process.?
At the beginning of the output response signal of reflected light for measuring reference standard sample, background 4, background 4 and particle 5 each time, pass through meter
Calculation machine 100 adjusts the wavelength and light intensity of output light, so that the wavelength of output light and light intensity are kept in same group of measurement data
It is constant.Be managed collectively and control the work of each step in detection method using computer 100, the control of computer 100 precisely,
Quickly and efficiently, the error for reducing links data improves the validity of detection data, and then improves final calculation result
Validity.
The polychromatic light received can be changed into simply and rapidly to the monochromatic light of specific wavelength using monochromator 2.It utilizes
Integrating sphere 3 is scattered in reflected light equably inside integrating sphere 3 after multiple reflections inside it, can reduce by light shape
Measurement error caused by the responsiveness difference of different location on shape, dispersion angle and light-measuring mechanism 7, to improve measurement accuracy.
Therefore, it in step S2, step S3 and step S5, is incident on and need to measure on object using monochromator 2 and the acquisition of integrating sphere 3
Uniform light.
Specifically, in step s 2, under room temperature stationary state, the reference standard sample of known spectra reflectivity is placed on
At the sample well 3c of integrating sphere 3, light source 1 and monochromator 2 (light source 1 and monochromator 2 form monochromatic light generating mechanism 200) are opened,
The emergent light of adjustment monochromator 2 is in first wave length and light intensity state, and light source 1 sequentially passes through monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3,
On the basis of this, light-measuring mechanism 7 collects the light reflected through reference standard sample and detects the reflected light for obtaining reference standard sample
Output response signal Sr(λ)。
In step s3, specifically: background 4 is added and heats background 4 to Tbp, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are opened, adjustment is single
The emergent light of color instrument 2 is in first wave length and light intensity state, and light source 1 sequentially passes through monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3 and reaches background
4, on this basis, the output response letter that light-measuring mechanism 7 collects the light reflected through background 4 and detects the reflected light for obtaining background 4
Number Sb(λ)。
In step s 5, specifically: continuously add movable particle 5 and heat background 4 and particle 5 to Tbp, open light source 1
With monochromator 2, the emergent light for adjusting monochromator 2 is in first wave length and light intensity state, light source 1 sequentially pass through monochromator 2 and
Integrating sphere 3 simultaneously reaches background 4 and particle 5, and on this basis, and light-measuring mechanism 7 collects the light reflected through background 4 and particle 5 simultaneously
Detection obtains the output response signal S of the reflected light of background 4 and particle 5bp(λ)
The light that light source 1 generates passes through the monochromatic light that monochromator 2 obtains first wave length and light intensity, and monochromatic light reaches determinand
Body, as after reference standard sample, background 4, background 4 and particle 5 and through reflecting, reflected light enters in integrating sphere 3 through multiple reflections
And be evenly distributed on inside integrating sphere 3, light through reflection is obtained by light-measuring mechanism 7 in integrating sphere 3, and light-measuring mechanism 7 detects
To the output response signal S of corresponding reflected lightr(λ)、Sb(λ)、SbpThe process of (λ), detection are simple, and measurement is accurate.
In step s 5,5 shuttling movement of particle is driven using transmission mechanism 8, specific transmission principle and type depend on height
The motion principle of high-temperature particle 5 in warm particle heat absorber.For example ramp type high-temperature particle heat dump makes particle 5 in the work of gravity
It is slid under along inclined-plane, then transmission mechanism 8 should equally use ramp type, slide particle 5 under gravity, and guarantee
The granularity of particle 5, the thickness of stratum granulosum and flow velocity etc. are all consistent with practical heat dump operating condition.Such as it is high with pneumatic conveying type
Warm particle heat absorber, then transmission mechanism 8 should equally use the form of pneumatic conveying, move particle 5 under the action of air-flow, and
Guarantee that the motion state of particle 5 under operating condition in the motion state and heat dump of particle 5 is consistent substantially.Utilize transmission mechanism 8
Move particle 5, and it is consistent with the motion state of particle 5 in heat dump to drive the motion state of particle 5, so that the movement measured
The absorptivity rate more accurate and effective of particle 5, is conducive to the radiation absorption characteristics for preferably detecting particle 5 under the motion state.
Transmission mechanism 8 drives 5 shuttling movement of particle, and particle 5 is recycled, utilization rate is high, reduces waste, save the cost.
Light-measuring mechanism 7 is used to measure the defeated of the light reflected via reference standard sample and after 3 multiple reflections of integrating sphere
Out response signal, via background 4, background 4 and particle 5 reflection after, by light receiving device 6 tentatively collect and by integrating sphere 3 reflect after
The output response signal of light and the output response signal of the other contrast groups of measurement.Light-measuring mechanism 7 includes but is not limited to utilize
The included detector of general spectrometer, for converting optical signals to electric signal transmission to computer 100, to judge that light intensity is big
It is small.
In general, heat dump is hot operation, the particle 5 in heat dump is in high temperature motion state.In order to enable surveying
The state of temperature of amount and the state of temperature of heat dump are consistent, in step s3, in step S5, utilize tubular heater, combustion chamber
Or condenser heater respectively heats background 4, background 4 and particle 5 as heating mechanism 9, adjusts background 4, background 4
And temperature is consistent under operating condition in the temperature and heat dump of particle 5.Specific heating method includes but is not limited to tube furnace electric power
Heating, combustion chambers burn heating or the heating of condenser optically focused.Heating mechanism 9 heats background 4, background 4 and particle 5,
The state of temperature of simulation background, background and particle when heat dump works, effectively detects the absorption of heat dump particle 5 under operating condition
Rate improves the authenticity and validity of detection data.
In measurement process, high temperature can make material and coating oxidation in integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6, cause light loss, no
Conducive to the accuracy of testing result.In step S1 into step S8, it is provided with cooling body 10, using cooling body 10, to height
The integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6 of temperature carry out cooling processing under operating condition in heat dump, and methods for cooling includes but is not limited to water
The conventional chillings means such as cold, air-cooled.Using the cooling integrating sphere 3 of cooling body 10 and light receiving device 6, integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6 are avoided
The high-temperature oxydation of interior material and coating reduces optical loss, improves the working life of integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6.
In order to carry out heating or cooling treatment to associated mechanisms accurately and in time, in step S1 into step S8, setting
Have a temperature measuring mechanism 11, and preferred, be provided with multiple temperature measuring mechanisms 11, using temperature measuring mechanism 11 measure background 4, background 4 and
The temperature of grain 5, integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6.Background 4, background 4 and particle 5 are measured using temperature measuring mechanism 11, it can timely root
Whether determining heating of the heating mechanism 9 to background 4, background 4 and particle 5 according to the temperature that measures, heating intensity and heating time.
The temperature of integrating sphere 3, light receiving device 6 is measured using temperature measuring mechanism 11, cooling body 10 can be determined according to the temperature measured in time
Whether to the cooling of integrating sphere 3, light receiving device 6, intensity of cooling and cooling time.
In the step s 7, the image of background 4 is subtracted by Boolean calculation, and jointing edge identification technology obtains 4 institute of background
Area ratio is accounted for, measure and is calculated repeatedly, is averaged as average background accounting Pb.In simple terms, it acquires in step s 4
Be background 4 image information, the image of acquisition is as shown in figure 5, the Pixel Information at background 4 can be calculated.In step
What is acquired in S6 is the image information of background 4 and particle 5, the image of acquisition as shown in fig. 6, can be calculated background 4 and
The Pixel Information of grain 5.Compare the rbg value of background 4, background 4 and particle 5, pixel is different for p, and identical pixel is q, average
Background accounting PbAre as follows:
Error can be reduced using calculation method as above, the average background accounting P measuredbIt is more accurate effective, after raising
Continuous 5 absorptivity α of particlep(λ,Tbp) calculated result accuracy.
In step S4 and step S6, camera shooting mechanism is CCD camera, and background 4, background 4 are imaged and acquired using CCD camera
And the image information of particle 5.The image shot using CCD camera, can incude light, and image pixel is converted into digital letter
Number.CCD camera also has bloom efficiency, and light efficiency is up to 70% (incident light that can capture 70%), much higher than traditional film
2%.
Specifically, detection is that high temperature moves in ramp type solar energy high temperature particle heat absorber in present embodiment one
The optically focused radiation absorption characteristics of particle 5, background 4 are the inclined plate 4a of tilting.Shown in referring to figs. 7 and 8, the tool of the measurement method
Steps are as follows for gymnastics work:
1. being ρ by known spectra reflectivity under room temperature stationary staterThe reference standard sample of (λ) is placed on integrating sphere 3
At sample well 3c, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are opened；Light source 1 and monochromator 2 are adjusted by computer 100, makes the outgoing of monochromator 2
Light is in first wave length and light intensity state, on this basis, the output of the reflected light of reference standard sample is obtained from light-measuring mechanism 7
Response signal Sr(λ)。
At this point, the propagation path of light are as follows: direct projection-reference standard sample-integrating sphere in light source 1- monochromator 2- integrating sphere 3
Multiple reflections-light-measuring mechanism 7 in 3.
2. removing reference standard sample, the light inlet of light receiving device 6 is closely connect with the sample well 3c of integrating sphere 3, first not
Particle 5 is placed, only places inclined plate 4a as background 4, and arrange heat dump model, such as cooling body 10, temperature measuring mechanism 11, is added
Heat engine structure 9 etc., and thermal insulation material 13 is set at inclined plate 4a.Close connection herein refers to fixed impermeable light connects, light receiving device 6
It can weld, be threadedly coupled with integrating sphere 6.
3. cooling body 10 works, cooling water is opened, cooling treatment is carried out to integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6 in time.
4. opening heating mechanism 9 to heat inclined plate 4a, inclined plate 4a is heated to the temperature of operating condition declined board 4a in heat dump
And keep stable.
5. opening light source 1 and monochromator 2, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are adjusted by computer 100, make the outgoing of monochromator 2
Light is also at first wave length and light intensity state, on this basis, the output response of the reflected light of inclined plate 4a is obtained from light-measuring mechanism 7
Signal Sb(λ)。
At this point, the propagation path of light are as follows: direct projection-inclined plate 4a- light receiving device 6- integral in light source 1- monochromator 2- integrating sphere 3
Multiple reflections-light-measuring mechanism 7 in ball 3.
6. removing light source 1, monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3, Image Acquisition is carried out to inclined plate 4a using photographic unit 12.
7. transmission mechanism 8 works, preferably pneumatic conveying, drive 5 shuttling movement of particle and make the motion state of particle 5 with
The motion state of particle 5 is consistent under operating condition in heat dump.The workflow of pneumatic conveying are as follows: 5 freely falling body of particle to inclined plate 4a
Lower end the top of inclined plate 4a is transported to by air-flow along the direction of air-flow and in closed conduit, realize the circulation of particle 5
Movement.The structure and working principle of pneumatic conveying are the prior art, do not do excessively repeat herein.
8. temperature measuring mechanism 11 measures the temperature of particle 5, heating power is adjusted according to the temperature of particle 5 in real time, reaches particle 5
The temperature of particle 5 and keep stable under operating condition into heat dump.
9. resetting light source 1, monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are opened, light is adjusted by computer 100
Source 1 and monochromator 2, make the emergent light of monochromator 2 be also at first wave length and light intensity state, on this basis, from light-measuring mechanism 7
Obtain the output response signal S of the reflected light of inclined plate 4a and particle 5bp(λ)。
At this point, the propagation path of light are as follows: direct projection-inclined plate 4a and particle 5- receives light in light source 1- monochromator 2- integrating sphere 3
Multiple reflections-light-measuring mechanism 7 in device 6- integrating sphere 3.
10. repeating the 1st, the 5th and step 9 operation, taking five measurement average values is the defeated of the reflected light of reference standard sample
Response signal S outrThe output response signal S of the reflected light of (λ), inclined plate 4ab(λ), inclined plate 4a and particle 5 obtain anti-when reflecting
Penetrate the output response signal S of lightbp(λ).In other embodiments, the measurement average value of other numbers can also be taken as measurement
As a result.
11. removing light source 1, monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3, image is carried out to inclined plate 4a and particle 5 using photographic unit 12
Acquisition.
12. repeating the 6th and step 11 operation, the image information of 10 inclined plate 4a, inclined plate 4a and particle 5 are obtained.At other
In embodiment, the image information of other numbers, also, each unsuitable too short, time interval of time interval can also be shot
It can be 1min-2min.
13. subtracting the image as background 4 by Boolean calculation, obtained shared by background 4 in conjunction with technologies such as limb recognitions
Area ratio takes the average value of ten inclined plate 4a proportions as average background accounting Pb.In other embodiments, may be used
To take the average value of other numbers as measurement result.
14. according to reference standard sample, the obtained output response signal of reflected light of inclined plate 4a, inclined plate 4a and particle 5
Sr(λ)、Sb(λ)、SbpThe reflectivity of (λ), reference standard sample is ρr(λ) and average background accounting Pb, utilize above-mentioned formula
(1) the radiation absorption characteristics α of particle 5 is calculatedp(λ,Tbp)。
15. adjusting and output light being kept to be in same wavelength and light intensity state, 1-14 step operation is repeated, can measure different
Under wavelength, different temperatures, the radiation absorption characteristics of high temperature moving particle 5.
16. being first shut off heating system after measurement, being down to room temperature to device, cooling system can be closed.
Embodiment two
The second embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device, and second is real
It is not make the part packet illustrated based on the different embodiments under principle of uniformity that mode, which is applied, relative to first embodiment
Appended drawing reference and verbal description are included, identical with first embodiment, details are not described herein.
Second embodiment is relative to the main distinction of first embodiment, in second embodiment party of the utility model
In formula, from the point of view of Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the heat dump in present embodiment two is curtain-type high-temperature particle heat dump, this embodiment party
Particle 5 in formula two freely falling body under gravity, and recycled under the driving of transmission mechanism 8.Preferably, this reality
The transmission mechanism 8 in mode two is applied equally using pneumatic conveying.
In present embodiment two, background 4 is rectilinear curtain parados 4b, and the concrete operation step of the measurement method is such as
Under:
1. being ρ by known spectra reflectivity under room temperature stationary staterThe reference standard sample of (λ) is placed on integrating sphere 3
At sample well 3c, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are opened；Light source 1 and monochromator 2 are adjusted by computer 100, makes the outgoing of monochromator 2
Light is in first wave length and light intensity state, on this basis, the output of the reflected light of reference standard sample is obtained from light-measuring mechanism 7
Response signal Sr(λ)。
At this point, the propagation path of light are as follows: direct projection-reference standard sample-integrating sphere in light source 1- monochromator 2- integrating sphere 3
Multiple reflections-light-measuring mechanism 7 in 3.
2. removing reference standard sample, the light inlet of light receiving device 6 is closely connect with the sample well 3c of integrating sphere 3, first not
Particle 5 is placed, curtain parados 4b is only placed as background 4, and arrange heat dump model, such as cooling body 10, temperature measuring mechanism
11, heating mechanism 9, and thermal insulation material 13 etc. is set at curtain parados 4b.
3. cooling body 10 works, cooling water is opened, cooling treatment is carried out to integrating sphere 3 and light receiving device 6 in time.
4. opening heating mechanism 9 to heat curtain parados 4b, curtain parados 4b is heated in heat dump curtain under operating condition
The temperature of parados 4b simultaneously keeps stable.
5. opening light source 1 and monochromator 2, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are adjusted by computer 100, make the outgoing of monochromator 2
Light is also at first wave length and light intensity state, on this basis, the output of the reflected light of curtain parados 4b is obtained from light-measuring mechanism 7
Response signal Sb(λ)。
At this point, the propagation path of light are as follows: direct projection-curtain parados 4b- light receiving device 6- in light source 1- monochromator 2- integrating sphere 3
Multiple reflections-light-measuring mechanism 7 in integrating sphere 3.
6. removing light source 1, monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3, image is carried out to curtain parados 4b using photographic unit 12 and is adopted
Collection.
7. transmission mechanism 8 works, preferably pneumatic conveying, drive 5 shuttling movement of particle and make the motion state of particle 5 with
The motion state of particle 5 is consistent under operating condition in heat dump.
8. temperature measuring mechanism 11 measures the temperature of particle 5, heating power is adjusted according to the temperature of particle 5 in real time, reaches particle 5
The temperature of particle 5 and keep stable under operating condition into heat dump.
9. resetting light source 1, monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3, light source 1 and monochromator 2 are opened, light is adjusted by computer 100
Source 1 and monochromator 2, make the emergent light of monochromator 2 be also at first wave length and light intensity state, on this basis, from light-measuring mechanism 7
Obtain the output response signal S of the reflected light of curtain parados 4b and particle 5bp(λ)。
At this point, the propagation path of light are as follows: direct projection-curtain parados 4b and particle 5- in light source 1- monochromator 2- integrating sphere 3
Multiple reflections-light-measuring mechanism 7 in light receiving device 6- integrating sphere 3.
10. repeating the 1st, the 5th and step 9 operation, taking five measurement average values is the defeated of the reflected light of reference standard sample
Response signal S outrThe output response signal S of the reflected light of (λ), curtain parados 4bbWhen (λ), curtain parados 4b and particle 5 reflect
The output response signal S of obtained reflected lightbp(λ).In other embodiments, the measurement average value of other numbers can also be taken
As measurement result.
11. removing light source 1, monochromator 2 and integrating sphere 3, curtain parados 4b and particle 5 are carried out using photographic unit 12
Image Acquisition.
12. repeating the 6th and step 11 operation, the image letter of 10 curtain parados 4b, curtain parados 4b and particle 5 is obtained
Breath.
13. subtracting the image as background 4 by Boolean calculation, obtained shared by background 4 in conjunction with technologies such as limb recognitions
Area ratio takes the average value of ten curtain parados 4b proportions as average background accounting Pb。
14. according to the obtained output of reflected light of reference standard sample, curtain parados 4b, curtain parados 4b and particle 5
Response signal Sr(λ)、Sb(λ)、SbpThe reflectivity of (λ), reference standard sample is ρr(λ) and average background accounting Pb, in utilization
State the radiation absorption characteristics α that particle 5 is calculated in formula (1)p(λ,Tbp)。
15. adjusting and output light being kept to be in same wavelength and light intensity state, 1-14 step operation is repeated, can measure different
Under wavelength, different temperatures, the radiation absorption characteristics of high temperature moving particle 5.
16. being first shut off heating system after measurement, being down to room temperature to device, cooling system can be closed.
To those skilled in the art, in the range of the utility model technical idea can as needed and for
Each step of above-mentioned control method is deleted or sequence adjusts.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in above-mentioned each embodiment, in order to keep reader more preferably geographical
It solves the application and proposes many technical details.But even if without these technical details and based on the respective embodiments described above
Various changes and modifications can also realize each claim of the application technical solution claimed substantially.Therefore, in reality
In, can to above embodiment, various changes can be made in the form and details, without departing from the spirit of the utility model
And range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device characterized by comprising
Monochromatic light generating mechanism, for generating the monochromatic light of specific wavelength and light intensity；
Integrating sphere, the entrance aperture of the integrating sphere are connected with the outlet of the monochromatic light generating mechanism；
Background is placed for particle, and the background and particle are connected with light receiving device；
Transmission mechanism, the motion state of particle is consistent under operating condition in the state and heat dump for driving particle to move；
Heating mechanism, for heat background, background and particle into the temperature of background, background and particle and heat dump under operating condition it is warm
Degree is consistent；
Light-measuring mechanism, for receiving via reference standard sample, background, background and the light of particle reflection in integrating sphere simultaneously
Measure the output response signal of corresponding reflected light；
Photographic unit, for acquiring background, background and the image of particle.
2. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include cooler
Structure, the cooling body and the integrating sphere and the light receiving device are thermally connected.
3. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the cooling body
For magnetism servo-electric motor water-cooling or air-cooled mechanism.
4. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It further include temperature measuring mechanism, the temperature measuring mechanism is able to detect the temperature of the background, the background and particle or the integrating sphere
Degree.
5. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the temperature measuring mechanism
Have multiple, multiple temperature measuring mechanisms detect the temperature of the background, the background and particle and the integrating sphere respectively.
6. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include for receiving
Collect light and by the light conduction of collection to the light receiving device of the integrating sphere, the light receiving device and the background and particle phase
Even, the light receiving device is connected with the sample well of the integrating sphere.
7. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the monochrome photoproduction
It include light source and monochromator at mechanism, the monochromator is between the light source and the integrating sphere.
8. according to claim 1-3, particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device described in any one of 5-7, feature
It is, the heating mechanism is one of tubular heater, combustion chamber or condenser heater.
9. particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the background be with
The inclined plate of tilting or rectilinear curtain parados.
10. according to claim 1-3, particle optically focused radiation absorption characteristics measuring device described in any one of 5-7 or 9,
It is characterized in that, further includes computer, the monochromatic light generating mechanism, the transmission mechanism, the heating mechanism and the survey
Ray machine structure is communicated to connect respectively at the computer and is run under the control of above-mentioned computer.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113390190A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-14 | 吉林建筑大学 | Secondary reflection type particle heat absorber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113390190A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-14 | 吉林建筑大学 | Secondary reflection type particle heat absorber |
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