CN209166558U - Total cross-section measures gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in multiphase flow - Google Patents
Total cross-section measures gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in multiphase flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN209166558U CN209166558U CN201822266602.8U CN201822266602U CN209166558U CN 209166558 U CN209166558 U CN 209166558U CN 201822266602 U CN201822266602 U CN 201822266602U CN 209166558 U CN209166558 U CN 209166558U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering devices in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow, including gamma-ray source, gamma-ray detector, differential pressure type flowmeter, the differential pressure type flowmeter has throat section, and the gamma-ray source and gamma-ray detector are respectively arranged in the opposite position in throat section two sides；The gamma-ray detector is the array being made of multiple detectors, the measurement section where the gamma ray covering throat section that the gamma-ray source issues, and all gamma rays across above-mentioned section can be received by gamma-ray detector.The utility model spatially carries out the detection of total cross-section to fluid, it is dealt carefully with for the phenomenon that fluid space inhomogeneities, pass through the data measured compared to only part gamma ray more accurate for section (measurement of sampling property), the spatial distribution unevenness for solving industrial multiphase fluid gives section phase fraction measurement bring problem typical.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to heterogeneous fluid field, more specifically, it relates to gas in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow,
Liquid, solid mass flow metering device.
Background technique
The concept of phase typically refers to the homogeneous substance portion in a certain system with identical component and same physical, chemical property
Point, there is the interface that can obviously divide between each phase.Heterogeneous fluid is a kind of flow morphology frequently encountered in industrial production, it be by
Two or more object phase composition with sharp interface, including gas/liquid, liquid/solid, gas/solid, liquid liquid two phase flow, and
Solid Gu Gu gas/liquid/liquid, gas liquid solid, liquid liquid/solid, liquid//, gas/solid/multiphase flow etc..In industrial process, life science, nature
The every field such as boundary have a large amount of two phase flow and multiphase flow measurement.
In oil and gas industry, oil gas well effluent includes the gas-liquid-solid of liquid phase crude oil, gas phase natural gas and solid phase sand simultaneously
Fluid-mixing, in the industry referred to as multiphase flow.Wherein the gas phase includes such as oil gas field gas or any gas not coagulated at normal temperature
Body, specifically just like methane, ethane, propane, butane etc.；The liquid phase can include: oily phase, such as crude oil itself and in crude oil
The liquid additive and water phase being dissolved in recovery process in crude oil, for example, water flooding, using in the process inject oil/gas well in
Water and other liquid additives for being dissolved in water phase；The solid phase include in oil-gas mining mixed sand stone etc. it is solid
State object.The respective flow of gas, liquid, solid from the fluid-mixing produced in oil/gas well how is real-time and accurately measured, is
Basic data necessary to Reservoir Management and Optimizing manufacture.
Flowmeter usually has volume flowmeter and mass flowmenter.Fluid, especially gas, volume are temperature and pressures
Function, be a dependent variable, and the quality of fluid be one not with locating temperature, pressure variation and the amount that changes.It is common
Flowmeter in, such as orifice flowmeter, turbine flowmeter, vortex-shedding meter, electromagnetic flowmeter, spinner flowmeter, supersonic flow
The flow measurements of meter and oval gear flowmeter etc. are the volume flows for being all fluid.And in order to more accurate, in science
Fluid Volume involved in the activity such as research, production process control, quality management, business accounting and trade transaction is generally mostly matter
Amount.In particular, the pressure of oil gas well effluent, temperature and its ingredient be it is continually changing with flow condition, more using mass flow
It can accurately reflect actual conditions, more reasonably Reservoir Management and production can be optimized.But use above-mentioned volume flow
Meter only measures the volume flow of fluid, this tends not to the requirement for meeting people, usually also needs to reach out for the close of fluid
Spend the mass flow in the hope of fluid operator.This first measurement volume flow calculates the measurement side of mass flow according to fluid density again
Method, intermediate link is more, and the accuracy of mass flow measurement is difficult to be guaranteed and improve.
Method that is state-of-the-art in the prior art while measuring the respective volume flow of three-phase in fluid is gamma counts
Method, principle are the total volumetric flow rates using Venturi measuring fluid, and each with dual intensity gamma-ray detector measurement three-phase
From phase fraction, then obtain the respective volume flow of three-phase multiplied by respective phase fraction with total volumetric flow rate, then pass through estimation
The respective operating condition density of three-phase, to be converted to the respective mass flow of three-phase.
The existing flowmeter using gamma detector, gamma detector include gamma ray emission device and gamma ray
Receiver, wherein gamma ray emission device generally uses dual intensity gamma ray emission device, and common scheme is dual gamma in practice
The source storehouse in source is by two241One composite construction of the source Am composition.Using two241In the case where Am radioactive source, two are generated
The gamma rays of stock 59.5keV, make wherein one gamma rays as high energy gamma rays directly through fluid, and make another stock
Gamma rays bombardment is excited silver hair to go out the low energy gamma rays that energy is 22keV by the target that is made into of silver, and along with it is preceding
The identical path of high energy gamma rays is stated by the absorbing medium, and the transmission for detecting them by gamma ray detector together is strong
Degree.Using dual intensity gamma rays, the composition information of internal fluid three-phase can be provided.About the more of dual intensity gamma-ray detector
Working principle and device specifics, reference can be made to relevant monograph.Which is not described herein again.But because of the difference of silver-colored target matter and geometric dimension
Two strands of gamma rays that are different, being achieved in that, the proportionate relationship not determined between initial strength.
Multiphase flow is the random process of a multivariable, the feature with time inhomogeneities and spatial non-uniformity.When
Between inhomogeneities refer to and changing at any time when fluid flows in the duct, so the flow that different time is measured is different.Needle
To time inhomogeneities, generally can solve as long as improving measurement frequency.Spatial non-uniformity refers to that fluid is flowing through gamma spy
When surveying device, in the section that is detected, the three-phase distribution of fluid is non-uniform, if only one or a small amount of gamma ray are worn
It crosses section to measure, is the equal of that sampling and measuring has been carried out to a small amount of path in a section, then the flow number measured
According to be also inaccuracy.
International mainstream multi-phase flowmeter is all based on gamma ray measurement phase fraction, the total stream of throttling flow meter measurement at present
Amount；Gamma detector cooperates the traditional scheme of photomultiplier tube (PMT) using single scintillation crystal 22；Based on single radioactive source
Fluid phase fraction measurement is realized with detector, it, can only by the limitation of gamma-ray irradiation range and detector geometric dimension
In local pipe section being sampled property phase fraction measurement, for simultaneously there is the multiphase flow of time and spatial non-uniformity to come
It says, metering representativeness can bring very big error.
Such as the Chinese patent that notification number is CN102565844B, a kind of flow positron tomography device of multiphase flow is disclosed
And method, the device are tomographic imaging hand using the gamma ray that positron-electron annihilation generates a pair of 511keV energy that may conform to
Section provides online tomographic imaging function for the multiphase flow metering in oilfield oil pipeline.The device includes particular space knot
The parallel high-precision gamma-ray detector array of the multiple groups of structure arrangement, positron emission source and shielding device, and combine figure
As the function of processing can only obtain the phase fraction of the multiphase flows mixtures such as oil, gas and water under conditions of single radioactive source.Multiple groups
High-precision detector array design also substantially increases the precision of multiphase flow metering and its under multiphase flow difference flow pattern fluidised form
Applicability.Metering of the image information of fluid caused by it by extreme enrichment industrial gas oil for petroleum gas
Information simultaneously provides basic data for more effective reservoir management and Optimizing manufacture.
Complicated to the design comparison in positron emission source in above-mentioned patent, technology realizes that difficulty is larger, can select just
Electronic emission source is less, and is all short-half-life, if Na-22 only had more than 2 years, is not suitable for industrial processes fluid and exists for a long time
Line detection.
And single radioactive source can not also measure the total cross-section of fluid, but to pass through multiple groups radioactive source and detection
Device cooperation, the measurement of total cross-section is realized from multiple angles.But measurement data in this way is various, there is a plurality of penetrate at some positions in section
Line passes through from different perspectives, computationally intensive, and the consuming time is more, although precision is higher, also some positions only have one in section
Ray passes through, and precision is relatively low, and the phase fraction precision of such whole cross section measurement will be inconsistent.Moreover, fluid hose
Multiple radioactive sources are set around road, and gamma ray can be scattered and be interfered with each other, and cause energy datum inaccurate, the data finally measured
Error is larger.
Utility model content
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow
Gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device, structure is simple, and gamma ray energy level is stable and does not interfere with, can to heterogeneous fluid into
The measurement of row total cross-section.
To achieve the above object, the utility model provides following technical solution: gas in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow,
Liquid, solid mass flow metering device, including gamma-ray source, gamma-ray detector, differential pressure type flowmeter, the differential pressure type stream
Meter has throat section, and the gamma-ray source and gamma-ray detector are respectively arranged in the opposite position in throat section two sides
It sets；The gamma-ray detector is the array being made of multiple detectors, the gamma ray that the gamma-ray source issues
The measurement section where throat section is covered, and all gamma rays across above-mentioned section can be connect by gamma-ray detector
It receives.
The basic principle of differential pressure type flowmeter is: venturi, orifice plate or nozzle etc being arranged in the round tube full of fluid
Throttling device, throat will be known as at its diameter minimum, when fluid flow through throttling device when, at its upstream will between throat
Generation static pressure is poor, has a fixed functional relation between static pressure difference and the flow flowed through, as long as it is poor to measure static pressure
Flow can be acquired by flow formula.
Through the above technical solutions, being arranged during installation to gamma-ray source and gamma-ray detector, make one
Gamma-ray source transmitting ray can the section to differential pressure type flowmeter throat section covered comprehensively, allow ray complete
Face passes through the heterogeneous fluid for flowing through the section, and is received by the gamma-ray detector of the differential pressure type flowmeter other side, in sky
Between on to fluid carry out total cross-section detection, dealt carefully with for the phenomenon that fluid space inhomogeneities, make the number measured
It is more accurate for section according to being passed through compared to only part gamma ray.Only one radioactive source of this programme carries out transmitting gamma and penetrates
Line will not generate interference, keep the data measured more accurate.The Array Design of gamma-ray detector expands connecing for detector
Receive range, it is ensured that receive to the per share gamma ray across fluid.
Preferably, the gamma-ray source can issue the gamma ray of at least three kinds energy levels.
Through the above technical solutions, using the multipotency radioactive source that can naturally issue three kinds of energy above gamma rays, due to
Intensity rate between the gamma ray of its three kinds of energy naturally issued be it is intrinsic and constant, impersonal force can change, and
It is not influenced by any external temperature, pressure change, the solution that can measure formula to the utility model brings great convenience
And simplification.Such as using133Ba, the gamma rays tool which issues there are three principal energy level, respectively 31keV, 81keV,
356keV；Again or it is176Lu can at least issue the gamma ray of tri- kinds of energy of 307keV, 202keV, 88keV.
Preferably, the gamma-ray source and gamma-ray detector are worked in coordination as one group of detection device, the spy
At least one set is arranged in the axis direction that device is surveyed along differential pressure type flowmeter.
Through the above technical solutions, every group of detection device can carry out total cross-section measurement to the phase fraction of heterogeneous fluid, it can
It is averaged with the data measured to every group of detection device, measurement result is more accurate.
Preferably, when the detection device is one group extra, the spacing between every two groups of detection devices is 1~10cm.
For theoretically, the state of heterogeneous fluid varies less within the short distance short time, thus two groups of detection devices it
Between distance it is closer, the state of heterogeneous fluid is smaller, and the data measured are more accurate.Since the speed of fluid is generally 10m/s, between
Away from 1~10cm is set as, then the state of heterogeneous fluid can be defaulted as every group of detection device and measure in this section apart from interior almost unchanged
Be all same section data.
Preferably, every group of detection device is mutually staggered along the axis direction of differential pressure type flowmeter, and surrounds axis
Distribution.
Since gamma-ray source and gamma-ray detector all have certain volume, if when every group of detection device arrangement
All in same position, distance is too close to be easy touching mutually, can decline again apart from too far measurement accuracy.Therefore, pass through above-mentioned technology
Scheme, detection device, which is mutually staggered, to make full use of space to be laid out gamma-ray source and gamma-ray detector, both
It can guarantee the short distance between two groups of detection devices, and do not interfere with each other occupied space；And after being staggered, adjacent gamma ray
The direction that source emits gamma ray is also just different, is not easily formed interference mutually, improves measurement accuracy.
Preferably, the gamma-ray detector is the array being made of multiple detectors.
Through the above technical solutions, so arranging even closer between detector, it can receive per share ray, do not have
It omits, measures more accurate.Such as square matrix, the detector quantity of each row and column are identical, and do not have between adjacent detector
Gap, the detector matrix arrangement that is square are more easier to calculate.The quantity of detector can be set according to actual needs, such as 4*
4、6*6、8*8。
Preferably, one end that each detector receives gamma ray is respectively connected with a scintillation crystal, the detection
Device is semiconductor detector SiPM.
Scintillation crystal can turn the gamma ray of high energy as a kind of material being commonly used in X-ray detection X technology
It is changed to the visible fluorescence of low energy, then is being detected to be converted to electric signal by semiconductor detector.Currently, common flashing
Crystal can be using sodium iodide (thallium) NaI (Tl), silicic acid lutetium LSO etc..Semiconductor silicon detector (SiPM) is novel detector,
Photon generates electric current and is doubled in SiPM after being absorbed, can export biggish current signal, be received by modular circuit.
It is higher to the detection efficient of gamma ray, and volume is smaller.
Preferably, it is fixed between the scintillation crystal and detector by couplant.
Scintillation crystal is high density crystal, and there is one layer of epoxy resin on the surface of detector, when light is visited from scintillation crystal directive
When surveying device, it is by light by optically denser medium directive optically thinner medium, if there is air between the two, is easy to happen total reflection, causes light loss
It loses.Optical coupled dose is the biggish transparent medium of some refraction coefficients, especially optocoupler, couplant be placed in scintillation crystal 22 with
Between detector, air can be effectively excluded, substantially reduces the light loss as caused by being totally reflected.Couplant can use silicon
Glue bonds scintillation crystal and detector, effectively reduces loss of the light from scintillation crystal to detector, improves photoelectric conversion effect
Rate.
Preferably, the utility model further includes temperature/pressure sensor for measuring fluid temperature (F.T.) and pressure and for measuring difference
The differential pressure pick-up of pressure difference between the inlet and throat section of die mould flowmeter.
In conclusion the utility model has the following beneficial effects: spatially carrying out the detection of total cross-section, needle to fluid
The phenomenon that fluid spatial non-uniformity, is dealt carefully with, the data measured is made to pass through section compared to only part gamma ray
It is more accurate for (measurement of sampling property)；Scattering interference will not be generated between the utility model radioactive source, make the data measured more
It is accurate to add；The Array Design of gamma-ray detector expands the range of receiving of detector, it is ensured that the per share gal across fluid
Horse ray is received.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the path schematic diagram of gamma ray in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of gamma-ray detector in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the path schematic diagram of gamma ray in embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 3.
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of embodiment 4.
Fig. 7 is the explosive view of embodiment 4.
Fig. 8 is the path schematic diagram of gamma ray in embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow, including gamma ray
Source 1, gamma-ray detector 2, differential pressure type flowmeter 3, the differential pressure type flowmeter 3 have throat section 31, and the gamma is penetrated
Line source 1 and gamma-ray detector 2 position that be respectively arranged in 31 two sides of throat section opposite；It further include for measuring fluid temperature (F.T.)
The differential pressure of pressure difference between the temperature/pressure sensor and the inlet for measuring differential pressure type flowmeter 3 and throat section 31 of pressure passes
Sensor.
The basic principle of differential pressure type flowmeter 3 is: venturi, orifice plate or nozzle etc being arranged in the round tube full of fluid
Throttling device, throat will be known as at its diameter minimum, when fluid flow through throttling device when, at its upstream will between throat
Generation static pressure is poor, has a fixed functional relation between static pressure difference and the flow flowed through, as long as it is poor to measure static pressure
Flow can be acquired by flow formula.
As shown in figure 3, gamma-ray detector 2 is the array being made of multiple semiconductor detectors 21.In the present embodiment,
Semiconductor detector 21 is SIPM, the total cross-section where the gamma ray covering throat section 31 that the gamma-ray source 1 issues, and
All gamma rays across 31 place section of throat section can be received by gamma-ray detector 2.
As shown in Fig. 2, being arranged during installation to gamma-ray source 1 and gamma-ray detector 2, penetrate a gamma
The gamma ray that line source 1 emits can cover the section of 3 throat section 31 of differential pressure type flowmeter comprehensively, so that gamma ray
The heterogeneous fluid for flowing through the section can be passed through comprehensively, and is received by the gamma-ray detector 2 of 3 other side of differential pressure type flowmeter
It arrives, the detection of total cross-section is spatially carried out to fluid, is dealt carefully with for the phenomenon that fluid space inhomogeneities, makes to survey
The data obtained pass through more accurate for section compared to only part gamma ray.Only one radioactive source of the present embodiment is sent out
Gamma ray is penetrated, interference will not be generated, keeps the data measured more accurate.
And all gamma rays across fluid cross-section are all received, then the range of gamma-ray detector 2 is necessary
It is big, therefore the present embodiment uses the array being made of multiple semiconductor detectors 21.As shown in figure 3, semiconductor detector
The square matrix of 21 composition 4*4, the SIPM square matrix of 9 4*4 form entire gamma-ray detector 2.Gamma ray detection
Range of receiving big as far as possible is arranged in device 2, can receive per share ray, does not have omission, measures more accurate；Semiconductor probe
Device 21 be square matrix arrangement be more easier calculate phase fraction.
As shown in Fig. 2, one end that each semiconductor detector 21 receives gamma ray is respectively connected with a sudden strain of a muscle in the present embodiment
Bright crystal 22.
Scintillation crystal 22, can be by the gamma ray of high energy as a kind of material being commonly used in X-ray detection X technology
The visible fluorescence of low energy is converted to, then is being detected to be converted to electric signal by semiconductor detector 21.Currently, common
Scintillation crystal 22 can be using sodium iodide NaI, silicic acid lutetium LSO etc..Semiconductor detector 21 (SiPM) is novel detector, light
Son generates electric current and is doubled in SiPM after being absorbed, can export biggish current signal, be received by modular circuit.It is right
The detection efficient of gamma ray is higher, and volume is smaller.
It is fixed between the scintillation crystal 22 and semiconductor detector 21 by couplant.
Scintillation crystal 22 is high density crystal, and there is one layer of epoxy resin on the surface of semiconductor detector 21, when light is from flashing
It is by light by optically denser medium directive optically thinner medium when 22 directive semiconductor detector 21 of crystal, if there is air between the two, is easy
It is totally reflected, causes light loss.Optical coupled dose is the biggish transparent medium of some refraction coefficients, especially optocoupler, coupling
Mixture is placed between scintillation crystal 22 and semiconductor detector 21, can effectively be excluded air, be substantially reduced and made by total reflection
At light loss.Couplant can use silica gel, and scintillation crystal 22 and semiconductor detector 21 are bonded, effectively reduce light from sudden strain of a muscle
Bright crystal 22 arrives the loss of semiconductor detector 21, improves photoelectric conversion efficiency.
In the present embodiment, gamma-ray source 1 can issue the gamma ray of at least three kinds energy levels.
Using the multipotency radioactive source that can naturally issue three kinds of energy above gamma rays, the three kinds of energy naturally issued due to it
Intensity rate between the gamma ray of amount be it is intrinsic and constant, impersonal force can change, and not by any external temperature, pressure
The influence of power variation, the solution that can measure formula to the utility model bring great convenience and simplify.Such as using133Ba,
There are three principal energy levels, respectively 31keV, 81keV, 356keV for the gamma rays tool that the radioactive source issues；Again or it is176Lu,
The gamma ray of tri- kinds of energy of 307keV, 202keV, 88keV can at least be issued.
The working principle of the present embodiment: heterogeneous fluid flows through differential pressure type flowmeter 3, and the gamma that gamma-ray source 1 emits is penetrated
After line passes through the whole cross section of fluid, received by gamma-ray detector 2, after progress photoelectricity is walked around, data are imaged,
Analysis calculates, and obtains the quality phase fraction of heterogeneous fluid.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in figure 4, the present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, embodiment 1 only have one group of gamma-ray source 1 and gal
One group of gamma-ray source 1 and gamma-ray detector 2 are defined as one group of detection device by horse ray detector 2.The present embodiment
In, the throat section 31 of differential pressure type flowmeter 3 is provided with two groups of group detection devices, two groups of detection devices are along differential pressure type flowmeter
3 axis arrangement.
Every group of detection device can carry out total cross-section measurement to the phase fraction of heterogeneous fluid, can survey to every group of detection device
The data obtained are averaged, and measurement result is more accurate.
In the present embodiment, the spacing between every two groups of detection devices is 10cm.
For theoretically, the state of heterogeneous fluid varies less within the short distance short time, thus two groups of detection devices it
Between distance it is closer, the state of heterogeneous fluid is smaller, and the data measured are more accurate.Since the speed of fluid is generally 10m/s, between
Away from 10cm is set as, then the state of heterogeneous fluid can be defaulted as what every group of detection device measured in this section apart from interior almost unchanged
It is all the data in same section.
In the present embodiment, two groups of detection devices can mutually be staggered 90 ° of angles, i.e. the rotation angle of gamma-ray source 1 is staggered
90 °, fluid cross-section is measured from different perspectives, data are more accurate.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, embodiment 1 only have one group of gamma-ray source 1 and gal
One group of gamma-ray source 1 and gamma-ray detector 2 are defined as one group of detection device by horse ray detector 2.The present embodiment
In, the throat section 31 of differential pressure type flowmeter 3 is provided with three groups of detection devices, three groups of detection devices are along differential pressure type flowmeter 3
Axis arrangement.
Every group of detection device can carry out total cross-section measurement to the phase fraction of heterogeneous fluid, can survey to every group of detection device
The data obtained are averaged, and measurement result is more accurate.
In the present embodiment, the spacing between every two groups of detection devices is 10cm.
For theoretically, the state of heterogeneous fluid varies less within the short distance short time, thus two groups of detection devices it
Between distance it is closer, the state of heterogeneous fluid is smaller, and the data measured are more accurate.Since the speed of fluid is generally 10m/s, between
Away from 10cm is set as, then the state of heterogeneous fluid can be defaulted as what every group of detection device measured in this section apart from interior almost unchanged
It is all the data in same section.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 6 to 8, the present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 3 are, every group of detection device is along differential pressure type flowmeter
3 axis direction is mutually staggered.
Since gamma-ray source 1 and gamma-ray detector 2 all have certain volume, if every group of detection device arrangement
When all in same position, distance is too close to be easy touching mutually, can decline again apart from too far measurement accuracy.Therefore, pass through above-mentioned skill
Art scheme, detection device, which is mutually staggered, can make full use of space to carry out cloth to gamma-ray source 1 and gamma-ray detector 2
Office, not only can guarantee the short distance between two groups of detection devices, but also do not interfere with each other occupied space；And after being staggered, adjacent gal
The direction that horse radiographic source 1 emits gamma ray is also just different, is not easily formed interference mutually, improves measurement accuracy.
In addition, the detection device being mutually staggered can be uniformly distributed setting around axis by the present embodiment, from layout more
Adduction is managed, also more accurate in detection data.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment is to measure gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in multiphase flow for total cross-section in above-described embodiment
Metering method.
The present embodiment in order to facilitate understanding is first simply described below some terms in heterogeneous fluid metering field:
" mass flow " refers to the quality of the fluid flowed through in the unit time, and in the SI system of unit, dimension can be kg/
s。
" volume flow " refers to the volume of the fluid flowed through in the unit time, and in the SI system of unit, dimension can be m3/
s。
According to the property of penetrated fluid, there are three mass flow Q respectivelyg, Ql, Qs, respectively gas mass flow, liquid matter
Measure flow and solid mass flow.Using the diameter of the mass flow of gas, liquid, solid, total mass flow rate and pipeline, there are following relationships:
" radial direction " refers to along circulation duct section diameter of a circle direction.
Hereafter emphasis describes to the heterogeneous fluid mass flow measurement methods of the present embodiment in detail.
In the present embodiment, using traditional differential pressure type flowmeter 3, such as using Venturi meter, pass through the survey of differential pressure
Amount, the total mass flow rate of heterogeneous fluid is calculated by following formula:
C is throttle-type flowmeter efflux coefficient in formula, and ε is fluid compression modifying factor, and β is throttle-type flowmeter diameter
Than Δ is pressure difference, ρmixFor fluid density (for heterogeneous fluid, referring to hybrid density), D is pipe diameter.
Next, it is each to measure gas-liquid-solid three-phase in heterogeneous fluid by using the gamma-ray detector 2 of multipotency radioactive source
From mass flow.
Firstly, absorbing equation according to gamma ray has:
Gamma ray 1 absorbs equation:
Gamma ray 2 absorbs equation:
Gamma ray 3 absorbs equation:
Secondly, having equation according to the relationship of the mass flow of venturi measurement and linear quality:
Wherein Qg, Ql, QsThe respectively respective mass flow of gas, liquid, solid three-phase.
According to the characteristic of radioactive source, No,1、No,2And No,3There are proportionate relationships:
N0,2=f1N0,1,N0,3=f2N0,1, wherein f1And f2It is known proportion coefficient, is natural constant coefficient, not with appoints
What measuring condition and change, due to the presence of proportionality coefficient, therefore three unknown quantity N0,2、N0,3、N0,1One can only actually be can be regarded as
Unknown quantity N0,1。
In this way, can directly can accurately solve N by the equation of above-mentioned (10)-(13) four0,1、Qg、Ql、QsThis 4
Unknown quantity, to eliminate to N0,1The needs for measuring or demarcating, due to not needing calibration N0,1(i.e. blank pipe count value), from
Influence of the temperature drift in gamma ray receiver to measurement is fundamentally avoided, also there is no need in gamma ray receiver
Middle setting thermostat.
In equation group, ag,1、ag,2、ag,3, al,1、al,2、al,3And as,1、as,2、as,3Respectively gas, liquid, solid penetrate gamma
The linear quality absorption coefficient of line 1, gamma ray 2 and gamma ray 3 under working condition, f1、f2For fixed value, mark can be passed through
Determine mode and obtains, Nx,1、Nx,2、Nx,3, Δ P be measured value, thus can be with direct solution mass flow Qg、Ql、QsAre as follows:
Mass flow formula is calculated by venturi again:
With the definition of quality phase fraction, the quality of gas, liquid, solid three-phase is finally obtained
The calculation formula of flow and total mass flow rate is,
Qm,g=Qm*GMF (17)
Qm,l=Qm*LMF (18)
Qm,s=Qm*SMF (19)
In above-mentioned equation,
C is throttle-type flowmeter efflux coefficient
ε is fluid compression modifying factor
β is throttle-type flowmeter diameter ratio
D is the thickness of gamma ray measurement, as pipe diameter
Δ P is differential pressure
ρmixThe averag density of detected fluid
S is the area for measuring cross sectionL is unit length, and t is the unit time
Mass gas content rate,
Quality liquid holdup,
Quality solid content,
Qg、Ql、QsThree mass flows of the gas-liquid-solid for respectively needing to solve；
A is mass-absorption coefficient of the fluid to gamma ray, and Q is the mass flow of detected fluid, and subscript 1,2 and 3 is distinguished
The gamma ray of different energy levels is represented, g, l and s respectively represent gas, liquid, solid.
Since the path that per share gamma ray passes through fluid is different, phase fraction calculates also can be different, so finally needing handle
All calculated results are weighted and averaged, and acquire the linear quality numerical value of final accurately each phase；Formula is as follows:
Qg、Ql、QsThree final linear qualities of the gas, liquid, solid for respectively needing to solve, D are differential pressure type flowmeter (3)
The diameter of throat section (31), Xi are the distance that per share gamma ray is passed through in throat section (31), Qgi、Qli、QsiIt is penetrated for per share gamma
Line passes through throat section (31) corresponding linear quality numerical value measured afterwards；All gamma rays and its each phase line are counted according to formula
Property amount data calculate final accurate numerical value.
Measuring device and measuring method described in the present embodiment are the quality for three-phase (gas, liquid, solid) in heterogeneous fluid
Flow is measured and is calculated and is illustrated, and the device and measurement method be equally applicable to measure two phase flow and calculate
The respective mass flow of gas phase and liquid phase correspondingly using two kinds of energy levels of the radioactive source of gamma ray, calculates mass flow
Principle and method can be analogized according to above content.
Claims (9)
1. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow, including gamma-ray source (1), gamma are penetrated
Line detector (2), differential pressure type flowmeter (3), the differential pressure type flowmeter (3) have throat section (31), the gamma ray
Source (1) and gamma-ray detector (2) are respectively arranged in the opposite position in throat section (31) two sides；It is characterized by: described
Gamma-ray detector (2) is the array being made of multiple detectors, the gamma ray covering that the gamma-ray source (1) issues
Measurement section where throat section (31), and all gamma rays across above-mentioned section can be by gamma-ray detector (2)
It receives.
2. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the gamma-ray source (1) can issue the gamma ray of at least three kinds energy levels.
3. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the gamma-ray source (1) and gamma-ray detector (2) is worked in coordination as one group of detection device, the detection device
It is arranged along the axis direction of differential pressure type flowmeter (3) at least one set of.
4. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 3, feature exist
In: when the detection device is one group extra, the spacing between every two groups of detection devices is 1~10cm.
5. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 4, feature exist
In: every group of detection device is mutually staggered along the axis direction of differential pressure type flowmeter (3), and is distributed around axis.
6. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the gamma-ray detector (2) is the array being made of multiple detectors (21).
7. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 6, feature exist
In: one end that each detector (21) receives gamma ray is respectively connected with a scintillation crystal 22, the detector (21)
For semiconductor detector.
8. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 7, special
Sign is: being fixed between the scintillation crystal 22 and detector (21) by couplant.
9. gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in a kind of total cross-section measurement multiphase flow according to claim 1, special
Sign is: it further includes temperature/pressure sensor for measuring fluid temperature (F.T.) and pressure and for measuring differential pressure type flowmeter (3)
The differential pressure pick-up of pressure difference between inlet and throat section (31).
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| CN201822266602.8U CN209166558U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Total cross-section measures gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in multiphase flow |
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| CN201822266602.8U CN209166558U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Total cross-section measures gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device in multiphase flow |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109443466A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 无锡洋湃科技有限公司 | Total cross-section measures gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device and method in multiphase flow |
| US20210325220A1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-10-21 | Sea Pioneers Technologies Co., Ltd. | Device for measuring mass flow rate of multiphase flow based on ray coincidence measurement |
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| CN109443466B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-11-15 | 无锡洋湃科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring mass flow of gas, liquid and solid in multiphase flow through full section |
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2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201822266602.8U patent/CN209166558U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109443466A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 无锡洋湃科技有限公司 | Total cross-section measures gas, liquid, solid mass flow metering device and method in multiphase flow |
| US20210325220A1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-10-21 | Sea Pioneers Technologies Co., Ltd. | Device for measuring mass flow rate of multiphase flow based on ray coincidence measurement |
| US12025481B2 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-07-02 | Sea Pioneers Technologies Co., Ltd. | Device for measuring mass flow rate of multiphase flow based on ray coincidence measurement |
| CN109443466B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-11-15 | 无锡洋湃科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring mass flow of gas, liquid and solid in multiphase flow through full section |
| CN114102791A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Fiber body stacking device and estimation method |
| US20220064856A1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Fibrous body accumulating device and estimation method |
| US11686044B2 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-06-27 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Fibrous body accumulating device and estimation method |
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