CN209148604U

CN209148604U - Rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment

Info

Publication number: CN209148604U
Application number: CN201821988031.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张强星; 刘建锋; 廖益林; 雷孝章; 符文熹; 王春萍; 陈刚; 陈菲; 魏进兵; 徐邓; 朱安奇; 薛东杰
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2018-11-29
Filing date: 2018-11-29
Publication date: 2019-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2028-11-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment, including be mounted in rock mechanics experiment machine voice sending sensor device assembly, sound emission amplifier block；Three axocoels coupling bracket is arranged in the three axocoels outer wall between two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies；The three axocoels coupling bracket includes a plate bracket, two sickle brackets and at least three bracket bolts, outer wall of the energy lock ring in three axocoels；Two guide posts are vertically fixed in the side of the plate bracket, and sound emission amplifier block is mounted between two guide posts, above plate bracket, and sound emission amplifier block is connect by signal wire with voice sending sensor device assembly.Test macro disclosed by the utility model solves the problems, such as occur acoustic emission signal interference, signal inaccuracy under high temperature and pressure during rock damage and failure test under three axis high temperature, high pressure, seepage flow and its coupling condition.

Description

Rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment

Technical field

The utility model relates to rock damage and failure process real-time monitoring fields under high temperature and pressure, are deeply specifically Rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under complex environment.

Background technique

During needing to carry out high temperature, high confining pressure triaxial test to the research of mechanical properties of rock under deep ground environment, often Need to carry out damage of rock process sound emission coupling to carry out more deep analysis from energy point of view to rock failure process.

Good, contact is contacted surely currently, coupling the acoustic emission test sensor that acoustic emission detection test uses and there is no to meet Fixation device fixed and convenient for displacement, has the following deficiencies:

A, existing acoustic emission sensor fixes sleeve design is unreasonable；Three axocoel arc outer walls cannot be filled with sensor Divide, is linear, being steadily contacted, easily leading to rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment cannot continually and steadily receive To electric signal；

B, the fixed device fixed form of acoustic emission sensor is unreasonable, such as: adhesive tape bonding, adhesive tape winding or rubber band binding Etc. fixed forms；On the one hand, during the test as the lifting and landing of test cavity will lead to sensor shift, Jin Erying Sound emits the variation of signal framing point, and the initial alignment condition of each test specimen is different；On the other hand, may go out during test Existing acoustic emission sensor is detached from the triaxial test cavity that even falls off, so as to cause rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution under deep ground complex environment Test macro and source separation, sound emission data-transmission interruptions, influence continuity, the accuracy of test result；In addition, gluing Formula is not easy to shift, and the process of overhauling is easily damaged sensor and route, therefore will when sensor occur and needing to overhaul A large amount of manpowers, financial resources can be wasted.

Furthermore after the sound emission amplifier connecting on existing testing machine with acoustic emission sensor is generally placed at testing machine It on platform or is bound and is hung on two heel post of testing machine, had the following deficiencies:

C, there is route bending, the kinking of signal wire, influence electric signal transmission effect, cause detection effect poor；

D, sound emission amplifier is contacted with the generation of three axocoels of testing machine, passes sound emission amplifier under the conditions of hot test Derived signal is chaotic, cannot obtain reasonable, effective scientific experimentation data；

E, in batch sample test, because replacing test specimen product, transmission line connecting interface can be made disturbed, cause to survey Track stability during examination is not steady state, to carry out very big systematic error to calibration tape, influences test result Authenticity.

Therefore, it for the accuracy, continuity, stability of guarantee test data, needs to carry out mechanical properties of rock and grinding Rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under the dedicated deep ground complex environment of rock test rig configuration studied carefully, this system also want energy Guarantee accuracy, the stability of signal during Experimental on acoustic emission under high temperature, condition of high voltage.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macros under deep ground complex environment, solve high There is sound emission letter when three axis high temperature, high pressure, seepage flow and its coupling during rock damage and failure test under warm high pressure Number interference, signal inaccuracy problem.

The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test system under deep ground complex environment System, including be mounted in rock mechanics experiment machine voice sending sensor device assembly, sound emission amplifier block, the rock mechanics Testing machine includes three axocoel pedestals, three axocoels being mounted on three axocoel pedestals, is fixedly mounted at the top of rock mechanics experiment machine Three axocoel lift cylinders in rack, the output end installation lift lever of three axocoel lift cylinders and the promotion lower end of lift lever are fixed At the top of three axocoels, three axocoel inner cavities are co-axially mounted column, test specimen pressure head, pressure head pedestal from top to bottom, and column passes through bolt Be fixed on rock mechanics experiment machine top bay, pressure head pedestal is fixed on three axocoel pedestals, test specimen pressure head, pressure head pedestal it Between for the space of placing test specimen, three axocoel lift cylinders drive three axocoels to move up and down along column by lift lever；

The three axocoels outer wall be provided with one group and test specimen ram position it is corresponding, one group corresponding with pressure head position base two Voice sending sensor device assembly is organized, one three axocoel of installation couple bracket between two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies；Three axocoel Coupling bracket includes a plate bracket, two sickle brackets and at least three bracket bolts, symmetrically arranged two reaping hooks One end of type bracket is directly extended to the distal end far from three axocoels by bracket bolt connection, the other end and passes through bracket bolt simultaneously Hold together to be connected on the same plate bracket, mainly couples support by three axocoels of a plate bracket, two sickle holder combinations The main part of frame in a ring and lock ring three axocoels outer wall；Two groups of guiding are installed in the rack of the rock mechanics experiment machine Column, sound emission amplifier block are mounted between two guide posts and are located above plate bracket；Sound emission amplifier block is logical Signal wire is crossed to connect with the voice sending sensor device assembly being mounted on three axocoels.

When the rock mechanics experiment machine works, three axocoels are moved downwardly to be bonded with three axocoel pedestals, sound emission at this time Amplifier block is not contacted with plate bracket；When the rock mechanics experiment machine stops working and promotes three axocoels, three axocoel couplings Conjunction bracket is promoted with three axocoels and plate bracket holds up sound emission amplifier block makes sound emission amplifier block is servo-actuated to mention It rises.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the sound emission amplifier block includes sound emission amplification The sound emission amplifier rack of device and installation sound emission amplifier；The sound emission amplifier rack is divided into including inside Multiple compartments, the structural slab in tower structure and the PVC thermal insulation layer that is fitted in each compartment；The compartment upper and lower surface pair It opens, sound emission amplifier is embedded in the signal wire of two termination stretching compartments of compartment and sound emission amplifier just.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, pulley is installed at the both ends of the structural slab respectively, and two are led It is respectively arranged with the guide rail or sliding slot for linear slide above and below pulley on column, the end of guide rail or sliding slot bottom is higher than plate The upper top surface of bracket, sound emission amplifier is not also contacted with plate bracket when structural slab being made to move to minimum lower position.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the width of the pulley is matched with the width of sliding slot, pulley It is stuck in sliding slot after small deformation laterally occurs, the pulley for being embedded in sliding slot at this time can bear sound emission amplifier rack and sound The weight of emission amplifier is without arbitrarily sliding；

Alternatively, two one group of the pulley and coaxially connected, it is spaced between two coaxially connected pulleys and being formed can block The space in guide rail two sides is connect, being stuck in guide rail two sides after the small deformation of two pulleys transverse direction generation of guide rail two sides will lead Rail is clamped, at this time the two of clamp rail pulley can bear the weight of sound emission amplifier rack and sound emission amplifier without It can arbitrarily slide.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the sound emission amplifier rack includes that setting is multiple The structural slab of groove and the PVC thermal insulation layer being fitted in each groove, the size of groove couple and multiple with sound emission amplifier The vertically disposed both ends of orientation are being provided with the buckle being fixed on structural slab in full line groove disposed in parallel, are blocking Detain the signal wire for being fixedly connected with sound emission amplifier.

The groove can unidirectionally be open or two-way opening.It is opened on being usually when groove is set as unidirectionally being open Mouthful, groove is set as when two-way opening being upper and lower opening.Sound emission amplifier can be just embedded in groove without arbitrarily falling It falls, i.e., the size of groove is coupled with sound emission amplifier.Orientation with multiple grooves for placing sound emission amplifier is cross To the vertical both ends vertical with transverse direction are respectively set buckle, buckle welding or bonding or are connected on structural slab in groove.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, half hanging conduction copper is arranged in the inner cavity of three axocoel The internal temperature sensor of three axocoel internal temperatures of silk and test, the outer wall of three axocoels are bonded outside three axocoels of heating element and test The external temperature sensor of wall temperature, the signal wire access disk connecting with external temperature sensor, internal temperature sensor is along pressure The base circle of head pedestal is arranged and passes through the acquisition of the configuration display module outside signal wire and three axocoels and control module is led to News connection.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the three axocoels lift cylinder and acquisition and control module Communication connection exports control signal to three axocoel lift cylinders from acquisition and control module and carries out system control；Meanwhile three axocoel Hand-operated lifting equipment is also set up on the oil circuit pipeline that lift cylinder is connect with fuel tank, promotes oil from hand-operated lifting equipment to three axocoels Cylinder output control signal carries out manual control.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the voice sending sensor device assembly includes multiple sound emissions Detecting head and fixture fixed spring；Each acoustic emission detection head includes the acoustic emission sensor for corresponding installation, sound emission biography Sensor fixture；

The acoustic emission sensor fixture includes coupling screws and the clamp cover being successively threadedly coupled, fixture cylinder, coupling surface Plate；The clamp cover includes the lid ontology that internal screw thread is arranged, the lid spring for being mounted on lid chamber body bottom center；The fixture External screw thread is arranged in the barrel both ends of cylinder, and barrel one end is provided with the arc notch passed through for signal wire, and along week on barrel To the coupling hole for being uniformly distributed three perforations, three coupling screws are each passed through three coupling holes will along the radial direction of fixture cylinder Acoustic emission sensor is clamped in the center of fixture tube inner chamber；The upper surface of the coupling panel is straight and center setting screw thread is logical Hole, the lower surface for coupling panel are bent along uniaxial direction in the cambered surface being bonded with the outer surface of fixture cylinder barrel；

Two groups of acoustic emission detection heads corresponding with test specimen two ends position, one group of acoustic emission detection head are installed simultaneously on three axocoels By the circumferentially equally distributed acoustic emission detection head of N number of outer wall along three axocoels and by N number of end to end cyclization of acoustic emission detection head The fixture fixed spring of shape forms；The both ends of the acoustic emission sensor are protruded into acoustic emission detection head with from arc notch respectively The fixture fixed spring in portion connects, and the fixture fixed spring for being in tensional state forces sound emission to acoustic emission sensor offer Detecting head stablizes the pressure being bonded with the outer wall of three axocoels, and N is the positive integer greater than 2.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the fixture cylinder includes outer metal cylinder, inner layer metal Cylinder, cooling water circulation duct are formed between the outer metal cylinder being coaxially arranged, inner layer metal cylinder and are connected to cooling water circulation duct And the condensation chamber of condensate liquid can be passed through.

In order to preferably realize the utility model, further, the outer metal cylinder be it is copper, inner layer metal cylinder be copper Matter.

The utility model compared with prior art, have the following advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that

(1) the utility model distally extends installation sound from three axocoels by the three axocoels coupling bracket of energy fast assembling-disassembling Emission amplifier component, the high temperature of three axocoels will not be directly conducted to sound emission amplifier in hot test, avoid high temperature pair The interference of sound emission amplifier；Thus it solves under high temperature and pressure during rock damage and failure test, three axis high temperature, high pressure, infiltration Occurs the problem of acoustic emission signal interference, signal inaccuracy under stream and its coupling condition.

(2) three axocoels couple bracket mainly by two sickle brackets, plate bracket, bracket bolt group in the utility model At, on the one hand, it is able to maintain the stability of three axocoels coupling bracket entirety, moreover it is possible to mention lifting/lowering with three axocoels during the test It is servo-actuated to drop into row；On the one hand, three axocoels coupling bracket can efficiently loosen very much, on demand adjust position after again lock ring in three axis On the new position of cavity outer wall.

(3) it avoids during testing because three axocoels go up and down the disturbance to sound emission amplifier signal transmission data wire, solution Determined signal wire route bending, kinking, overcome electric signal transmission effect, guarantee in different sillar test process detection effect Fruit；Furthermore, it is only necessary to after being checked before testing for the first time, not need to be verified again in follow-up test, to also mention significantly High test efficiency.

(4) during hot test, it is connected with cooling circulating water on acoustic emission sensor periphery, effectively prevents high temperature meeting Lead to acoustic emission sensor damage or the harm of accuracy decline, can not only test at high temperature but also can guarantee different high temperature The consistency of lower test equipment working condition, to overcome when acoustic emission sensor is tested at high temperature temperature to test signal The problem of influence improves sensor service life, economic cost is greatly saved.

(5) coupling screws are provided in acoustic emission sensor fixture, it can be in Acoustic Emission location test simultaneously with different The sensor of frequency and size is tested, and the problem for being difficult to be tested simultaneously with different frequency sensor is overcome, for solution Damage of rock mechanism is released, more perfect and reliable data are provided.

(6) both ends of fixture cylinder can be directly connected on coupling panel, if arc notch is opened up on fixture cylinder One end is connected with the clamp cover with spring, then being more conducive to improve cooling effect in this way；And after unloading clamp cover, open Mouth end is faced empty and is more advantageous to more emat sensor, if thinking more emat sensor during the test, can greatly save the time, not only Test efficiency can be greatly improved, and will not influence coupling and the laser propagation effect of other sensors in replacement process.

In (7) three axocoel lifting process, connecting acoustic emission sensor and cable, the connecting acoustic emission of sound emission amplifier are put Big device and acquisition be not disturbed always with the cable both ends junction of control module, realizes rock mechanics experiment machine in high temperature, height Acoustic emission signal is accurate in the case of pressure, effect of strong anti-interference performance.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test system structure schematic diagram under deep ground complex environment in the utility model.

Fig. 2 be the utility model in three axocoels couple bracket, three axocoels, sound emission amplifier rack connection relationship show It is intended to.

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that three axocoels couple bracket.

Fig. 4 is the overall structure diagram of acoustic emission sensor fixture.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of clamp cover.

Fig. 6 is the present invention looks up structural representation of clamp cover.

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of fixture cylinder.

Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram for carrying out section view coplanar along coupling aperture hole axis.

Fig. 9 is the overlooking structure diagram for coupling panel.

Figure 10 is the positive structure diagram for coupling panel.

Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of coupling screws.

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that coupling screws are mounted on clamping test pieces on fixture cylinder.

Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of fixture fixed spring.

Figure 14 is the diagrammatic cross-section of fixture cylinder.

Figure 15 is the schematic view of the front view of guide post.

Figure 16 a is out the structural schematic diagram of the sound emission amplifier rack of two row four of lattice column.

Figure 16 b is the structural schematic diagram for the sound emission amplifier rack that groove a line eight arranges.

Figure 17 is that the connection relationship of the guide post and pulley of structural schematic diagram and setting sliding slot when sliding slot is arranged in guide post is shown It is intended to.

Figure 18 is that the connection relationship of the guide post and pulley of structural schematic diagram and setting guide rail when guide rail is arranged in guide post is shown It is intended to.

Wherein: 1, rock mechanics experiment machine；2, three axocoel lift cylinder；3, lift lever；4, lower end is promoted；5, column；6, Three axocoels；7, fixture fixed spring；8, acoustic emission sensor fixture；8-1, clamp cover；8-1-1, lid spring；8-1-2, Gai Ben Body；8-2, fixture cylinder；8-2-1, arc notch；8-2-2, coupling hole；8-2-3, outer metal cylinder；8-2-4, inner layer metal Cylinder；8-2-5, cooling water circulation duct；8-3, coupling screws；8-4, coupling panel；9, test specimen pressure head；10, three axocoels coupling support Frame；10-1, plate bracket；10-2, sickle bracket；10-3-1,10-3-2,10-3-3, bracket bolt；11, pressure head pedestal； 12, signal wire accesses disk；13, three axocoel pedestal；14, external temperature sensor；15, thermally conductive copper wire；16, internal temperature sensor Device；17, oil circuit pipeline；18, hand-operated lifting equipment；20, guide post；20-1, guide rail；20-2, sliding slot；23, sound emission amplifier； 25, three axocoel support Extension support；26, acquisition and control module；27, display module；28, heating element；30, sound emission amplifier Rack；30-1, structural slab；30-2, PVC thermal insulation layer；30-3, pulley；30-4, buckle.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 18, rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under the deep ground complex environment of the present embodiment, including It is mounted on voice sending sensor device assembly in rock mechanics experiment machine 1, sound emission amplifier block, the rock mechanics experiment machine 1 include three axocoel pedestals 13, three axocoels 6 being mounted on three axocoel pedestals 13, be fixedly mounted on the top of rock mechanics experiment machine 1 Three axocoel lift cylinders 2 in rack, the output end installation lift lever 3 of three axocoel lift cylinders 2 and the promotion lower end of lift lever 3 4 are fixed on the top of three axocoels 6, and three axocoels, 6 inner cavity is co-axially mounted column 5, test specimen pressure head 9, pressure head pedestal 11 from top to bottom, stand Column 5 is bolted on 1 top bay of rock mechanics experiment machine, and pressure head pedestal 11 is fixed on three axocoel pedestals 13, examination It is the space for placing test specimen between part pressure head 9, pressure head pedestal 11, three axocoel lift cylinders 2 drive three axocoels 6 by lift lever 3 It is moved up and down along column 5.

Rock mechanics experiment machine 1 passes through the acquisition and 26 carry out system control of control module configured, and is adopted by being connected to Collection carries out the display such as operation interface, test result with the display module 27 in control module 26.The test specimen pressure head 9, pressure head bottom It is the space for placing test specimen between seat 11, the alignment pin for being mounted on the ram cylinder of 1 bottom of rock mechanics experiment machine is inserted into three axis The centring hole of bottom of chamber 13 bottoms of seat, acquisition send to ram cylinder with control module 26 and instruct, and control the alignment pin of ram cylinder Rise and test specimen pressure head 9 is pushed well to contact with column 5.During rock sample applied force, column 5 bears and transmits stress To 1 top bay of rock mechanics experiment machine.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, three axocoels, 6 outer wall is provided with one group of, one group and pressure head corresponding with 9 position of test specimen pressure head The corresponding two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies in 11 position of pedestal install a three axocoel couplings between two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies Close bracket 10；The three axocoels coupling bracket 10 includes a plate bracket 10-1, two sickle bracket 10-2 and at least three One end of a bracket bolt 10-3-1,10-3-2,10-3-3, symmetrically arranged two sickle brackets 10-2 directly pass through bracket Bolt 10-3-1 connection, the other end extend to the distal end far from three axocoels 6 and close up company by bracket bolt 10-3-2,10-3-3 It connects on the same plate bracket 10-1, three axis mainly combined by a plate bracket 10-1, two sickle bracket 10-2 Chamber couple bracket 10 main part in a ring and lock ring three axocoels 6 outer wall；In the rack of the rock mechanics experiment machine 1 Two groups of guide posts 20 are installed；The sound emission amplifier block is mounted between two guide posts 20 and is located at plate bracket 10-1 Top, sound emission amplifier block are connect by signal wire with the voice sending sensor device assembly being mounted on three axocoels 6.It is described to lead On the three axocoel support Extension supports 25 for directly welding or being bolted on rock mechanics experiment machine 1 to 20 bottom end of column.

When the rock mechanics experiment machine 1 works, three axocoels 6 are moved downwardly to be bonded with three axocoel pedestals 13, at this time sound Emission amplifier component is not contacted with plate bracket 10-1；The rock mechanics experiment machine 1 stops working and promotes three axocoels 6 When, three axocoels coupling bracket 10 is promoted with three axocoels 6 and plate bracket 10-1 holds up sound emission amplifier block sends out sound Penetrate the servo-actuated promotion of amplifier block.

For be oriented to installation sound emission amplifier rack 30 guide post 20 do not contacted directly with plate bracket 10-1 and It is independently fixed on three axocoel support Extension supports 25.

During test, after test specimen is placed, three axocoels 6 are moved downwardly to be contacted with three axocoel pedestals 13, at this time Sound emission amplifier block is servo-actuated and moves downwardly to lower position, at this point, sound emission amplifier in sound emission amplifier block 23, also there are a distances between sound emission amplifier rack 30 and plate bracket 10-1, that is, are not directly contacted with.This situation Under, the high temperature of three axocoels 6 influences sound emission amplifier 23 minimum.

After the test, acquisition sends to three axocoel lift cylinders 2 with control module 26 and instructs, by lift lever 3 by three Axocoel 6 is lifted up, and three axocoels being mounted on three axocoels 6 couple bracket 10, voice sending sensor device assembly with three axocoels 6 It is lifted up, after promoting a distance, the sound emission amplifier that plate bracket 10-1 touches sound emission amplifier block is placed Frame 30；It continues to lift up, plate bracket 10-1 holds in the palm the sound emission amplifier rack 30 for installing sound emission amplifier 23 from below (sound emission amplifier block) is lifted up together along guide post 20, the line of connecting acoustic emission sensor and sound emission amplifier 23 Cable, connecting acoustic emission amplifier 23 and acquisition be not disturbed always with the cable both ends junction of control module 26, realizes rock Mechanics machine acoustic emission signal under high temperature, high-pressure situations is accurate, strong anti-interference performance effect.

The sound emission amplifier block includes that the sound emission of sound emission amplifier 23 and installation sound emission amplifier 23 is put Big device rack 30；The sound emission amplifier rack 30 includes that inside is divided into multiple compartments, the knot in tower structure The structure plate 30-1 and PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2 being fitted in each compartment；The compartment upper and lower surface is split, sound emission amplifier 23 Just two terminations of insertion compartment and sound emission amplifier 23 stretch out the signal wire of compartment.

The sound emission amplifier rack 30 includes that the structural slab 30-1 of multiple grooves is arranged and is fitted in each groove Interior PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2, the size of groove coupled with sound emission amplifier 23 and it is multiple be in full line groove disposed in parallel The vertically disposed both ends of orientation are being provided with the buckle 30-4 being fixed on structural slab 30-1, buckle 30-4 is for fixing The signal wire of connecting acoustic emission amplifier 23.

The sound emission amplifier rack 30 is mainly the structural slab with eight placement 23 structures of sound emission amplifier 30-1。

As illustrated in fig 16 a, eight inside are set on a structural slab 30-1 and open lattice for PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2, eight are opened 8 sound emission amplifiers 23 can be placed in the column arrangement of two rows four in lattice.

As shown in fig 16b, the groove that eight inside are PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2 is set on a structural slab 30-1, and eight recessed Slot is arranged in the column of a line eight, sets 1 sound reproduction emission amplifier 23, a sound emission amplifier rack 30 respectively in 8 grooves 8 sound reproduction emission amplifiers 23 are placed altogether.It is installed respectively for being fixedly connected with 23 signal wire of sound emission amplifier at the both ends of groove Buckle 30-4, be further ensured that the signal wire of access is straight and do not bend, is non-warping.

PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2 can effectively completely cut off during hot test and be conducted by high temperature cavity wall to outer metal cylinder The thermal energy of wall, which further flows on sound emission amplifier 23, influences acoustic emission signal, by using sound emission amplifier rack 30 have the advantages that first, and sound emission amplifier 23 can be detached from and heat-insulated with the cavity wall of three axocoels 6, try in high temperature Reduce influence of the high temperature to acoustic emission equipment during testing；Second, the acoustic emission signal line of acoustic emission equipment can be more smooth Transition rather than arbitrarily bending, thus ensure that signal smooth input and output, will not generate due to signal wire bending lead The interference signal of cause, the problems such as signal is weak；Third avoids sound emission amplifier 23 in current laboratory from arbitrarily hanging over chamber mostly Side wall overlays on some bracket, easily slides, inaesthetic defect.

In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, two one end are directly connected to and the other end is connected by the same plate bracket 10-1 The sickle bracket 10-2 lock ring connect is on three axocoels, 6 outer wall: on the one hand, being able to maintain the whole stabilization of three axocoels coupling bracket 10 Property, moreover it is possible to it is servo-actuated during the test with promotion/landing of three axocoels 6；On the other hand, three axocoels coupling bracket 10 can be with Efficiently loosen very much, on demand adjust position after again lock ring on the new position of three axocoels, 6 outer wall.

The sound emission amplifier rack 30 can be along the lift adjustment upward or downward of guide post 20.Sound emission amplifier is put Set the specific structure of 30 lift adjustment of frame mainly include the following types:

The first:

Pulley 30-3 is installed at the both ends of the structural slab 30-1 respectively, is respectively arranged in two guide posts 20 for pulley The guide rail 20-1 of 30-3 or more linear slide, the end of guide rail 20-1 bottom are higher than the upper top surface of plate bracket 10-1, make to tie Sound emission amplifier 23 is not also contacted with plate bracket 10-1 when structure plate 30-1 moves to minimum lower position.

As shown in figure 18, two one group of the pulley 30-3 and coaxially connected, between two coaxially connected pulley 30-3 It is spaced and forms the space that can be connected to the two sides guide rail 20-1, two pulley 30-3 positioned at the two sides guide rail 20-1 laterally occur small It is stuck in the two sides guide rail 20-1 after flexible deformation to clamp guide rail 20-1, the two of clamp rail 20-1 pulley 30-3 can be born at this time The weight of sound emission amplifier rack 30 and sound emission amplifier 23 is without arbitrarily sliding.

Second:

As shown in figure 15, pulley 30-3 is installed at the both ends of the structural slab 30-1 respectively, is set respectively in two guide posts 20 It is equipped with the sliding slot 20-2 for pulley 30-3 or more linear slide, the end of sliding slot 20-2 bottom is upper higher than plate bracket 10-1 Top surface, sound emission amplifier 23 is not also contacted with plate bracket 10-1 when structural slab 30-1 being made to move to minimum lower position.

As shown in figure 17, the width of the pulley 30-3 is matched with the width of sliding slot 20-2, and pulley 30-3 laterally occurs small It is stuck in after flexible deformation in sliding slot 20-2, the pulley 30-3 for being embedded in sliding slot 20-2 at this time can bear sound emission amplifier rack 30 And the weight of sound emission amplifier 23 is without arbitrarily sliding.

As shown in figure 15, guide post 20 is by being welded and fixed and open notch, sound is arranged in the top of guide post 20 or both ends Emission amplifier rack 30 is placed in or is taken out by open notch.Meanwhile guide rail 20- is provided in the guide post 20 1 or sliding slot 20-2, so that sound emission amplifier rack 30 can slide up and down.

It is parallel that three axocoels, 6 top couples top surface on bracket 10 with three axocoels, 6 lower part junction with three axocoels.When three axocoels 6 When top is put down completely, guide rail 20-1 or sliding slot 20-2 are consistently higher than three axocoels coupling support to the minimum limit that pulley 30-3 is moved Top surface on frame 10.During high temperature, high confining pressure test carry out, sound emission amplifier rack 30 can couple support with three axocoels Frame 10 is detached from and is separated with a certain distance, directly conducts so that three axocoels, 6 outside wall temperature will not couple bracket 10 by three axocoels To sound emission amplifier 23.

Embodiment 2:

Rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under the deep ground complex environment of the present embodiment, including it is mounted on rock mechanics examination Voice sending sensor device assembly on machine 1, sound emission amplifier block are tested, the rock mechanics experiment machine 1 includes three axocoel pedestals 13, three axocoels 6 being mounted on three axocoel pedestals 13, three axocoels being fixedly mounted on 1 top bay of rock mechanics experiment machine Lift cylinder 2, the output end installation lift lever 3 of three axocoel lift cylinders 2 and the promotion lower end 4 of lift lever 3 are fixed on three axocoels 6 Top, three axocoels, 6 inner cavity is co-axially mounted column 5, test specimen pressure head 9, pressure head pedestal 11 from top to bottom, and column 5 is solid by bolt It is scheduled on 1 top bay of rock mechanics experiment machine, pressure head pedestal 11 is fixed on three axocoel pedestals 13, test specimen pressure head 9, pressure head bottom It is the space for placing test specimen between seat 11, three axocoel lift cylinders 2 drive three axocoels 6 to move down along column 5 by lift lever 3 It is dynamic.

Three axocoels, 6 outer wall be provided with one group it is corresponding with 9 position of test specimen pressure head, one group it is corresponding with 11 position of pressure head pedestal Two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies, one three axocoel of installation couple bracket 10 between two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies；It is described It includes a plate bracket 10-1, two sickle bracket 10-2 and at least three bracket bolt 10- that three axocoels, which couple bracket 10, 3-1；10-3-2；10-3-3, one end of symmetrically arranged two sickle brackets 10-2 directly pass through bracket bolt 10-3-1 and connect It connects, the other end extends to the distal end far from three axocoels 6 and passes through bracket bolt 10-3-2；10-3-3, which closes up, is connected to the same plate On shape bracket 10-1, bracket 10 mainly is coupled by three axocoels that a plate bracket 10-1, two sickle bracket 10-2 are combined Main part in a ring and lock ring three axocoels 6 outer wall；Two groups of guiding are installed in the rack of the rock mechanics experiment machine 1 Column 20, sound emission amplifier block are mounted between two guide posts 20 and are located above plate bracket 10-1；Sound emission amplification Device assembly is connect by signal wire with the voice sending sensor device assembly being mounted on three axocoels 6.

As shown in Figure 1, the 6 inside temperature of thermally conductive copper wire 15 and three axocoel of test that the inner cavity setting half of three axocoel 6 is hanging The internal temperature sensor 16 of degree, the outer wall fitting heating element 28 of three axocoels 6 and the external temperature for testing three axocoels, 6 outside wall temperature Sensor 14 is spent, the signal wire access disk 12 connecting with external temperature sensor 14, internal temperature sensor 16 is along pressure head pedestal 11 base circle is arranged and passes through the acquisition of the configuration display module 27 outside signal wire and three axocoels 6 and control module 26 is led to News connection.

Further, the three axocoels lift cylinder 2 and acquisition and 26 communication connection of control module, by acquisition and control mould Block 26 exports control signal to three axocoel lift cylinders 2 and carries out system control；Meanwhile three axocoel lift cylinder 2 connect with fuel tank Oil circuit pipeline 17 on also set up hand-operated lifting equipment 18, from hand-operated lifting equipment 18 to three axocoel lift cylinders 2 export control Signal carries out manual control.

Embodiment 3:

The voice sending sensor device assembly includes multiple acoustic emission detection heads and fixture fixed spring 7；Each sound emission is visited Gauge head includes the acoustic emission sensor for corresponding installation, acoustic emission sensor fixture 8；

As shown in Fig. 4-Figure 14, the acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 includes coupling screws 8-3 and the folder being successively threadedly coupled Tool lid 8-1, fixture cylinder 8-2, coupling panel 8-4；The clamp cover 8-1 includes the lid ontology 8-1-2 that internal screw thread is arranged, is mounted on The lid spring 8-1-1 at lid ontology 8-1-2 inner chamber bottom surface center；External screw thread, barrel one is arranged in the barrel both ends of the fixture cylinder 8-2 End is provided with the arc notch 8-2-1 passed through for signal wire, and the coupling of three perforations is uniformly distributed circumferentially on barrel Hole 8-2-2, three coupling screws 8-3 are each passed through three coupling hole 8-2-2 radially passing sound emission along fixture cylinder 8-2 Sensor is clamped in the center of the inner cavity fixture cylinder 8-2；The upper surface of the coupling panel 8-4 is straight and tapped through hole is arranged in center, The lower surface for coupling panel 8-4 is bent along uniaxial direction in the cambered surface being bonded with the outer surface of fixture cylinder 8-2 barrel；

Two groups of acoustic emission detection heads corresponding with test specimen two ends position, one group of acoustic emission detection are installed simultaneously on three axocoels 6 Head by the circumferentially equally distributed acoustic emission detection head of N number of outer wall along three axocoels 6 and by N number of acoustic emission detection head it is end to end at The fixture fixed spring 7 of annular forms；Sound emission is protruded into from arc notch 8-2-1 respectively in the both ends of the acoustic emission sensor Fixture fixed spring 7 inside detecting head connects, and the fixture fixed spring 7 for being in tensional state is provided to acoustic emission sensor Acoustic emission detection head is forced to stablize the pressure being bonded with the outer wall of three axocoels 6, N is the positive integer greater than 2.

In general, N takes 3 or 4.At this point, a test surfaces can be collectively formed with less acoustic emission detection head: coplanar interior sound Emission detection head quantity can not then be effectively formed a complete test surfaces less than 3；Coplanar interior acoustic emission detection head quantity Greater than 4, component had not only been wasted but also made frock clamp etc. that structure is complicated changes, and be more than and acoustic emission test effect is had no too Big contribution increases analysis difficulty instead.

Such as: the N is 4, two groups of totally 8 acoustic emission detection heads, 8 voice sending sensors in 8 acoustic emission detection heads Device connects one to one with 8 sound emission amplifiers 23 respectively.

The sound emission amplifier block includes sound emission amplifier 23, guide post 20, sound emission amplifier rack 30, Two guide posts 20 being vertically fixed on three axocoel pedestals 13 are slided with the both ends of sound emission amplifier rack 30 respectively to be connected It connects, the sound emission amplifier 23 to connect one to one with acoustic emission sensor is installed in the sound emission far from three axocoels 6 and amplifies On device rack 30, and sound emission amplifier 23 is sent by the signal wire across arc notch 8-2-1 to acoustic emission sensor Amplified signal.

In the present embodiment, the voice sending sensor device assembly mainly includes acoustic emission sensor, installation acoustic emission sensor Acoustic emission sensor fixture 8, and acoustic emission sensor and the one-to-one installation of acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 connect.Wherein, sound Emission sensor fixture 8 includes the coupling screws 8-3 and clamp cover 8-1 being successively threadedly coupled, fixture cylinder 8-2, coupling panel 8- 4, clamp cover 8-1, fixture cylinder 8-2, coupling panel 8-4 are successively threadedly coupled and form an entirety, so that forming one completely has The grip device of effect.On the other hand, 4 voice sending sensors are connected with the fixture fixed spring 7 across acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 Device and being circularized 4 acoustic emission sensor series connection using the elastic force of the spring in tensional state, to central reduction one Group acoustic emission probe, forms centripetal component using the elastic force of fixture fixed spring 7 on acoustic emission sensor and forces sound emission Sensor stabilization is oppressed on three axocoels, 6 outer wall, guarantees good, the steady contact of acoustic emission sensor and three axocoels 6.Furthermore It, will not when needing mobile acoustic emission sensor module position or removing maintenance because the elastic force of fixture fixed spring 7 can restore Destroy equipment also easy disassembly.

4 acoustic emission sensors are arranged in test specimen upper end corresponding position, and 4 acoustic emission sensors are arranged in test specimen lower end pair Position is answered, and 8 sound emission amplifiers 23 unification to be connected one to one with 8 acoustic emission sensors by electrical signal line is arranged On one piece of sound emission amplifier rack 30.Sound emission amplifier block is mentioned relative to the adjoint property of voice sending sensor device assembly Liter is that the three axocoel coupling shelfs 10 by lock ring on three axocoels 6 are realized.

In order to better illustrate the connection type of fixture fixed spring 7 Yu acoustic emission sensor, the acoustic emission sensor Both ends be provided with the aperture of the connector for wearing fixture fixed spring 7；Pass through between two adjacent acoustic emission sensors One fixture fixed spring 7 be directly connected to or two adjacent acoustic emission sensors between it is solid by multiple concatenated fixtures Determine the connection of spring 7.

In order to enable acoustic emission sensor it is more stable be fitted in test point, the lid spring 8-1-1 is from voice sending sensor The device back side, which applies a normal pressure, enables acoustic emission sensor to be fitted tightly on three axocoels, 6 outer wall.Lid spring 8-1-1 can be adopted With the different spring of upper and lower screw pitch, uniform pitch spring can also be used；Not equal diameter springs can be used, isometrical bullet can also be used Spring.

As shown in figure 14, it is arranged in order to facilitate signal wire, opens up arc notch on the barrel of fixture cylinder 8-2 in the present embodiment 8-2-1 is coupled and is opened up circular hole on panel 8-4.It specifically refers to, barrel one end of fixture cylinder 8-2 opens up a frontal plane of projection at The arc notch 8-2-1 of U-typed.A groove is each provided at the nearly left and right sides edge in upper surface of the coupling panel 8-4 8-4-1；The circular hole of two minor diameters is opened up on the outside of the groove 8-4-1.

As shown in figure 14, in order to reduce influence of the high temperature to acoustic emission sensor, the fixture cylinder 8-2 includes outer layer metal Cylinder 8-2-3, inner layer metal cylinder 8-2-4, cooling water circulation duct 8-2-5, the outer metal cylinder 8-2-3 being coaxially arranged, internal layer are golden Belong to the condensation chamber for being formed between cylinder 8-2-4 and being connected to and can be passed through condensate liquid with cooling water circulation duct 8-2-5.The outer layer metal Cylinder 8-2-3 be it is copper, inner layer metal cylinder 8-2-4 be it is copper.

The emphasis of the utility model is that dedicated fixed dress is each provided for acoustic emission sensor, sound emission amplifier 23 Set, not only during guarantee test acoustic emission sensor can it is linear and it is stable contacted with three axocoels 6, but also can need to adjust sound hair Any equipment is not destroyed when penetrating sensor mounting location or disassembly, moreover it is possible to guarantee sound emission amplifier 23 and acoustic emission sensor Orderly make sound emission amplifier 23 far from three axocoels 6 and signal is interference-free in the case where connection.That is, the utility model By can flexibly by acoustic emission sensor stablize be fitted in three axocoels, 6 outer wall designated position voice sending sensor device assembly and Sound emission amplifier block for being mounted remotely from sound emission amplifier 23 at three axocoels 6, during going up and down three axocoels 6, The cable and signal connecting acoustic emission amplifier 23 and rock power of signal connecting acoustic emission sensor and sound emission amplifier 23 It is not disturbed always with the cable both ends junction of control module 26 to learn acquisition in testing machine 1, realizes that rock mechanics experiment machine 1 exists Acoustic emission signal is accurate under high temperature, high-pressure situations, effect of strong anti-interference performance.

Embodiment 4:

Rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment, including being mounted in rock mechanics experiment machine 1 Voice sending sensor device assembly, sound emission amplifier block, the rock mechanics experiment machine 1 include three axocoel pedestals 13, are mounted on Three axocoels 6 on three axocoel pedestals 13, three axocoel lift cylinders 2 being fixedly mounted on 1 top bay of rock mechanics experiment machine, The output end installation lift lever 3 of three axocoel lift cylinders 2 and the promotion lower end 4 of lift lever 3 are fixed on the tops of three axocoels 6, and three 6 inner cavity of axocoel is co-axially mounted column 5, test specimen pressure head 9, pressure head pedestal 11 from top to bottom, and column 5 is bolted on rock power It learns on 1 top bay of testing machine, pressure head pedestal 11 is fixed on three axocoel pedestals 13, is between test specimen pressure head 9, pressure head pedestal 11 The space of test specimen is placed, three axocoel lift cylinders 2 drive three axocoels 6 to move up and down along column 5 by lift lever 3.

Further, the sound emission amplifier block includes sound emission amplifier 23 and installation sound emission amplifier 23 Sound emission amplifier rack 30；The sound emission amplifier rack 30 includes that inside is divided into multiple compartments, in frame-type The structural slab 30-1 of the structure and PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2 being fitted in each compartment；The compartment upper and lower surface is split, sound emission Amplifier 23 is embedded in the signal wire of two termination stretching compartments of compartment and sound emission amplifier 23 just.

Further, pulley 30-3 is installed at the both ends of the structural slab 30-1 respectively, is respectively set in two guide posts 20 There are the guide rail 20-1 or sliding slot 20-2 for pulley 30-3 or more linear slide, the end height of guide rail 20-1 or sliding slot 20-2 bottom In the upper top surface of plate bracket 10-1, when structural slab 30-1 being made to move to minimum lower position sound emission amplifier 23 also not with Plate bracket 10-1 contact.

Further, the width of the pulley 30-3 is matched with the width of sliding slot 20-2, and small bullet laterally occurs for pulley 30-3 Property deformation after be stuck in sliding slot 20-2, at this time be embedded in sliding slot 20-2 pulley 30-3 can bear sound emission amplifier rack 30 and The weight of sound emission amplifier 23 is without arbitrarily sliding；

Alternatively, two one group of the pulley 30-3 and coaxially connected, be spaced between two coaxially connected pulley 30-3 and The space that can be connected to the two sides guide rail 20-1 is formed, small change laterally occurs for two pulley 30-3 positioned at the two sides guide rail 20-1 It is stuck in the two sides guide rail 20-1 after shape to clamp guide rail 20-1, the two of clamp rail 20-1 pulley 30-3 can bear sound emission at this time The weight of amplifier rack 30 and sound emission amplifier 23 is without arbitrarily sliding.

Further, the inner cavity setting half of three axocoel 6 hanging thermally conductive copper wire 15 and test three axocoels, 6 internal temperature Internal temperature sensor 16, three axocoels 6 outer wall fitting heating element 28 and test three axocoels, 6 outside wall temperature external temperature Sensor 14, the signal wire access disk 12 connecting with external temperature sensor 14, internal temperature sensor 16 is along pressure head pedestal 11 Base circle be arranged and pass through the acquisition of the configuration display module 27 outside signal wire and three axocoels 6 and control module 26 communicates Connection.

Further, the voice sending sensor device assembly includes multiple acoustic emission detection heads and fixture fixed spring 7；Each Acoustic emission detection head includes the acoustic emission sensor for corresponding installation, acoustic emission sensor fixture 8；

The acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 includes coupling screws 8-3 and the clamp cover 8-1, the fixture cylinder that are successively threadedly coupled 8-2, coupling panel 8-4；The clamp cover 8-1 includes the lid ontology 8-1-2 that internal screw thread is arranged, is mounted in lid ontology 8-1-2 The lid spring 8-1-1 of chamber bottom center；External screw thread is arranged in the barrel both ends of the fixture cylinder 8-2, and barrel one end is provided with one For the arc notch 8-2-1 that signal wire passes through, and the coupling hole 8-2-2 of three perforations is uniformly distributed circumferentially on barrel, three A coupling screws 8-3 is each passed through three coupling hole 8-2-2 and is clamped in acoustic emission sensor along the radial of fixture cylinder 8-2 Has the center of the inner cavity cylinder 8-2；The upper surface of the coupling panel 8-4 is straight and tapped through hole is arranged in center, coupling panel 8-4's Lower surface is along the bending of uniaxial direction in the cambered surface being bonded with the outer surface of fixture cylinder 8-2 barrel.

Two groups of acoustic emission detection heads corresponding with test specimen two ends position, one group of acoustic emission detection are installed simultaneously on three axocoels 6 Head by the circumferentially equally distributed acoustic emission detection head of 4 outer walls along three axocoels 6 and by 4 acoustic emission detection heads it is end to end at The fixture fixed spring 7 of annular forms；Sound emission is protruded into from arc notch 8-2-1 respectively in the both ends of the acoustic emission sensor Fixture fixed spring 7 inside detecting head connects, and the fixture fixed spring 7 for being in tensional state is provided to acoustic emission sensor Acoustic emission detection head is forced to stablize the pressure being bonded with the outer wall of three axocoels 6.

The sound emission amplifier rack 30 is mainly the structural slab 30-1 that lattice are opened with eight both ends, opens lattice inside and is PVC thermal insulation layer 30-2.Eight both ends are opened lattice and are arranged in two rows four, disposable 8 sound emission amplifiers 23, and 23 liang of sound emission amplifier Face is opened to top grid in end, can access signal wire and keeps signal wire is straight do not bend, distort.

Preferably, the both ends lid spring 8-1-1 diameter is different, and whole is in frustum type.Frustum type lid spring 8-1-1's is big End is mounted on bottom in lid ontology 8-1-2, and the small end of frustum type lid spring 8-1-1 is for contradicting acoustic emission sensor and to sound emission Sensor applies the extrapolability that can be more preferably fitted in three axocoels, 6 outer wall.Moreover, frustum type lid spring 8-1-1 is natural Under elongation state, small end can exceed lid ontology 8-1-2.Lid spring 8-1-1 diameter is too small, cannot be effectively fixed in lid ontology 8- In 1-2；Lid spring 8-1-1 diameter is excessive, and will lead to blocking and can not work normally.

Further, three coupling screws 8-3 are linearly distributed on the barrel of fixture cylinder 8-2 and constitute coupled system, mesh Be

To make acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 be capable of fixing various sizes of acoustic emission sensor, by adjusting coupling screws 8-3 upper cap nut adjusts the elastic force of coupling spring into silk number, and coupling panel is enable firmly to be bonded small size acoustic emission sensor.

By three coupling screws 8-3 different size acoustic emission sensors are capable of fixing in acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 centers can not arbitrarily shake, specific practice are as follows: bolt in coupling screws 8-3 is nested into diameter slightly larger than bolt and coupling In the coupling spring for closing hole 8-2-2, coupling screws 8-3 is stretched out out of fixture cylinder 8-2 barrel via coupling hole 8-2-2, then Nut is fixed: when nut screw-in is deeper, coupling spring is compacted, and bolt integrally shrinks back at this time, in fixture cylinder 8-2 barrel Possess more spaces at this time, large-sized acoustic emission sensor can be coupled, when nut screws out, bolt integrally squeezes inside, The acoustic emission sensor of smaller size can be coupled at this time.Be fixed using three coupling screws 8-3, had according to triangle There is the feature of stability, and be the minimum value for determining a plane at 3 points, using lacking for four or more coupling screws 8-3 Point: the degree of stability of fixed acoustic emission sensor needed for 1. substantive cannot improving；2. wasting material and labour cost, not enough It is economical；3. reducing acoustic emission sensor fixture 8 in requisition for more coupling hole 8-2-2 are processed on fixture cylinder 8-2 barrel Intensity and globality.

Further, the fixture cylinder 8-2 includes outer metal cylinder 8-2-3, inner layer metal cylinder 8-2-4, cooling water circulation Pipeline 8-2-5 is formed and cooling water circulation duct 8- between the outer metal cylinder 8-2-3 being coaxially arranged, inner layer metal cylinder 8-2-4 2-5 is connected to and can be passed through the condensation chamber of condensate liquid.

Further, the outer metal cylinder 8-2-3 is copper, and inner layer metal cylinder 8-2-4 is copper.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, not does limit in any form to the utility model System, any simple modification made by the above technical examples according to the technical essence of the present invention, equivalent variations, each falls within Within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment, including being mounted on rock mechanics experiment machine (1) Voice sending sensor device assembly, sound emission amplifier block, the rock mechanics experiment machine (1) include three axocoel pedestals (13), peace Three axocoels (6) on three axocoel pedestals (13), three axocoels being fixedly mounted on rock mechanics experiment machine (1) top bay Lift cylinder (2), the output end of three axocoel lift cylinders (2) installs lift lever (3) and the promotion lower end (4) of lift lever (3) is solid It is scheduled on the top of three axocoels (6), three axocoels (6) inner cavity is co-axially mounted column (5), test specimen pressure head (9), pressure head pedestal from top to bottom (11), column (5) is bolted on rock mechanics experiment machine (1) top bay, and pressure head pedestal (11) is fixed on three axis It is the space for placing test specimen between test specimen pressure head (9), pressure head pedestal (11), three axocoel lift cylinders (2) are logical on bottom of chamber seat (13) Crossing lift lever (3) drives three axocoels (6) to move up and down along column (5)；

It is characterized by: three axocoel (6) outer wall is provided with one group of, one group and pressure head bottom corresponding with test specimen pressure head (9) position The corresponding two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies in seat (11) position install a three axocoel couplings between two groups of voice sending sensor device assemblies It closes bracket (10)；Three axocoels coupling bracket (10) includes a plate bracket (10-1), two sickle brackets (10-2) With at least three bracket bolts, one end of symmetrically arranged two sickle brackets (10-2) directly by bracket bolt connection, The other end, which extends and closed up by bracket bolt to the distal end far from three axocoels (6), is connected to the same plate bracket (10-1) On, the master of bracket (10) is mainly coupled by three axocoels of a plate bracket (10-1), two sickle bracket (10-2) combinations Body portion in a ring and lock ring three axocoels (6) outer wall；Two groups of guiding are installed in the rack of the rock mechanics experiment machine (1) Column (20), sound emission amplifier block are mounted between two guide posts (20) and are located above plate bracket (10-1)；Sound hair Amplifier block is penetrated to connect by signal wire with the voice sending sensor device assembly being mounted on three axocoels (6)；

When the rock mechanics experiment machine (1) works, three axocoels (6) are moved downwardly to be bonded with three axocoel pedestals (13), at this time Sound emission amplifier block is not contacted with plate bracket (10-1)；The rock mechanics experiment machine (1) stops working and promotes three When axocoel (6), three axocoels couple bracket (10) with three axocoels (6) promotion and plate bracket (10-1) holds up sound emission amplification Device assembly makes sound emission amplifier block is servo-actuated to be promoted.

2. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute State sound emission amplifier block include sound emission amplifier (23) and install sound emission amplifier (23) sound emission amplifier put Set frame (30)；The sound emission amplifier rack (30) includes that inside is divided into multiple compartments, the structure in tower structure Plate (30-1) and the PVC thermal insulation layer (30-2) being fitted in each compartment；The compartment upper and lower surface is split, sound emission amplifier (23) it is embedded in the signal wire of two termination stretching compartments of compartment and sound emission amplifier (23) just.

3. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute The both ends for stating structural slab (30-1) are installed pulley (30-3) respectively, are respectively arranged on two guide posts (20) for pulley (30-3) The end of the guide rail (20-1) or sliding slot (20-2) of upper and lower linear slide, guide rail (20-1) or sliding slot (20-2) bottom is higher than plate The upper top surface of shape bracket (10-1), sound emission amplifier (23) is not yet when structural slab (30-1) being made to move to minimum lower position It is contacted with plate bracket (10-1).

4. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute Stating sound emission amplifier rack (30) includes that multiple grooves are arranged structural slab (30-1) and the PVC that is fitted in each groove The size of thermal insulation layer (30-2), groove coupled with sound emission amplifier (23) and it is multiple be in full line groove disposed in parallel with The vertically disposed both ends of orientation are provided with the buckle (30-4) being fixed on structural slab (30-1), and buckle (30-4) is for solid Determine the signal wire of connecting acoustic emission amplifier (23).

5. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute The width for stating pulley (30-3) is matched with the width of sliding slot (20-2), and pulley (30-3) is stuck in cunning after small deformation laterally occurs In slot (20-2), the pulley (30-3) for being embedded in sliding slot (20-2) at this time can bear sound emission amplifier rack (30) and sound emission The weight of amplifier (23) is without arbitrarily sliding；

Alternatively, two one group of the pulley (30-3) and coaxially connected, be spaced between two coaxially connected pulleys (30-3) and The space that can be connected to the two sides guide rail (20-1) is formed, two pulleys (30-3) the transverse direction generation for being located at the two sides guide rail (20-1) is small It is stuck in the guide rail two sides (20-1) after flexible deformation to clamp guide rail (20-1), at this time two pulley (30- of clamp rail (20-1) 3) weight of sound emission amplifier rack (30) and sound emission amplifier (23) can be born without arbitrarily sliding.

6. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The inner cavity for stating three axocoels (6) is arranged half hanging thermally conductive copper wire (15) and tests the internal temperature biography of three axocoels (6) internal temperature Sensor (16), outer wall fitting heating element (28) of three axocoels (6) and the external temperature sensing for testing three axocoels (6) outside wall temperature Device (14), signal wire access disk (12) connecting with external temperature sensor (14), internal temperature sensor (16) is along pressure head bottom The base circle of seat (11) is arranged and passes through the acquisition and control of the configuration display module (27) of signal wire and three axocoels (6) outside Module (26) communication connection.

7. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute State three axocoel lift cylinders (2) and acquisition and control module (26) communication connection, from acquisition with control module (26) to three axocoels Lift cylinder (2) output control signal carries out system control；Meanwhile three oil-way pipe for being connect with fuel tank of axocoel lift cylinder (2) Hand-operated lifting equipment (18) are also set up on line (17), are exported and are controlled from hand-operated lifting equipment (18) to three axocoel lift cylinders (2) Signal carries out manual control.

8. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 1-4, special Sign is: the voice sending sensor device assembly includes multiple acoustic emission detection heads and fixture fixed spring (7)；Each sound emission is visited Gauge head includes the acoustic emission sensor for corresponding installation, acoustic emission sensor fixture (8)；

The acoustic emission sensor fixture (8) includes coupling screws (8-3) and the clamp cover (8-1) being successively threadedly coupled, fixture Cylinder (8-2), coupling panel (8-4)；The clamp cover (8-1) includes the lid ontology (8-1-2) that internal screw thread is arranged, is mounted on lid originally The lid spring (8-1-1) at body (8-1-2) inner chamber bottom surface center；External screw thread, barrel is arranged in the barrel both ends of the fixture cylinder (8-2) One end is provided with the arc notch passed through for signal wire (8-2-1), and three perforations are uniformly distributed circumferentially on barrel It couples hole (8-2-2), three coupling screws (8-3) are each passed through three couplings hole (8-2-2) along the diameter of fixture cylinder (8-2) To the center that acoustic emission sensor is clamped in the inner cavity fixture cylinder (8-2)；It is described coupling panel (8-4) upper surface it is straight and in Tapped through hole is arranged in the heart, and the lower surface for coupling panel (8-4) is bent along uniaxial direction in the outer surface with fixture cylinder (8-2) barrel The cambered surface of fitting；

Two groups of acoustic emission detection heads corresponding with test specimen two ends position, one group of acoustic emission detection head are installed simultaneously on three axocoels (6) By the circumferentially equally distributed acoustic emission detection head of N number of outer wall along three axocoels (6) and by N number of acoustic emission detection head it is end to end at Fixture fixed spring (7) composition of annular；Sound is protruded into from arc notch (8-2-1) respectively in the both ends of the acoustic emission sensor Fixture fixed spring (7) connection inside emission detection head, the fixture fixed spring (7) for being in tensional state are passed to sound emission Sensor, which provides, forces acoustic emission detection head to stablize the pressure being bonded with the outer wall of three axocoels (6), and N is the positive integer greater than 2.

9. rock failure mechanism of rock temporal-spatial evolution test macro under deep ground complex environment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:

The fixture cylinder (8-2) includes outer metal cylinder (8-2-3), inner layer metal cylinder (8-2-4), cooling water circulation duct (8- 2-5), it is formed and cooling water circulation duct (8- between the outer metal cylinder (8-2-3) that is coaxially arranged, inner layer metal cylinder (8-2-4) 2-5) it is connected to and can be passed through the condensation chamber of condensate liquid.