CN209134302U - A kind of step-up/step-down circuit - Google Patents
A kind of step-up/step-down circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN209134302U CN209134302U CN201821860205.7U CN201821860205U CN209134302U CN 209134302 U CN209134302 U CN 209134302U CN 201821860205 U CN201821860205 U CN 201821860205U CN 209134302 U CN209134302 U CN 209134302U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of step-up/step-down circuits, it is improved on the basis of traditional four pipe BUCK-BOOST step-up/step-down circuits, remove switching device S3 therein, multiplex switch device S2 is under BOOST boost mode to save a switching tube, an and inductance of connecting between the source electrode of switching device S1 and the drain electrode of switching device S2, so that the turn ratio of circuit in different modes is different, when for BUCK mode, under the conditions of identical input and output voltage ratio, the duty ratio of switching device S1 the turn ratio be greater than 1 when than the turn ratio be equal to 1 when it is big, and when for BOOST mode, the duty ratio of switching device S2 the turn ratio be greater than 1 when than the turn ratio be equal to 1 when it is small, it is less than to realize the circuit not only and output voltage may be implemented, equal to or more than the power supply of input voltage Using, can also realize output and input be large velocity ratio power supply application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to switching power converters circuits, in particular to have the liter of two kinds of operating modes of voltage raising and reducing
Reduction voltage circuit.
Background technique
In solar energy, the field of the application fields such as wind energy, fuel cell and wide-voltage range input, needing to use has
The DC converter of buck characteristic.Due to the wide input voltage range of power inverter, have simultaneously provided by the prior art
There is the circuit of boosting and decompression to realize high lifting in the case where can not be in high or low input voltage and certain duty cycle range
Pressure ratio rate even if other topological realizations can be used, but increases the complexity, stability and the cost of raw material of system.
Existing four switch BUCKs-BOOST step-up/step-down circuit is as shown in Figure 1, include 4 switching device S1 to S4, an electricity
Feel L, an input capacitance C1 and an output capacitance C2.
Switching device S1, switching device S2 and inductance L composition decompression (BUCK) converter in Fig. 1, derailing switch therein
Part S2 is able to achieve synchronous rectification using metal-oxide-semiconductor substitution diode；Switching device S3, switching device S4 and inductance L composition boosting
(BOOST) converter, switching device S4 therein are able to achieve synchronous rectification using metal-oxide-semiconductor substitution diode.Converter S1 and
S3 may be implemented energy and transmit from input to output, S4 and S2 are as master switch device, Ke Yishi as master switch device
Existing energy is transmitted from output to input, so energy energy two-way flow, may be implemented the application of bi-directional power transformation.
Fig. 1 circuit both of which principle Analysis is as follows:
Under BUCK mode, output voltage is less than input voltage.In each switch periods time t, S4 is normally opened, and S3 long is closed,
S1 and S2 are open-minded in turn, and there are relationships by the duty ratio D1 that opens of input and output voltage ratio and S1, in the feelings that switching frequency is fixed
Under condition, with the reduction of D1, it is well known that turning on and off for switching device all needs the time, when D1 is reduced to centainly
When value, that is, it is less than switching device when opening the time of needs, switching device S1 cannot be normal open-minded, and power supply can not
It works normally.
Under BOOST mode, output voltage is greater than input voltage.In each switch periods time t, S1 is normally opened, and S2 long is closed,
S3 and S4 are open-minded in turn, and there are relationships by the duty ratio D3 that opens of input and output voltage ratio and S3, when D3 increases to certain value,
Namely 1-D3 be less than switching device shutdown need time when, switching device S3 cannot normal turn-off, power supply can not
It works normally.
From above-mentioned analysis it is found that output voltage V may be implemented in four traditional pipe BUCK-BOOST step-up/step-down circuitsOUTBe less than,
Equal to or more than input voltage VINPower supply application, can also realize the power supply application of bi-directional power conversion.But input and it is defeated
Become larger out for the loss of large velocity ratio application environment lower switch device, power-supply system efficiency is lower, or even cannot achieve voltage transformation
Function.
Existing coupling inductance class topology includes 2 switching devices S1 and S2,2 inductors as shown in Figures 2 and 3
Device L1 and L2, an input capacitance C1 and an output capacitance C2, two inductor devices are coupled by magnetic core.
Fig. 2 show decompression coupling inductance class topology and defines turn ratio λ=(n1+n2)/n1, input and output for Fig. 2
There are relationships by open duty ratio D and the turn ratio λ of voltage ratio and S1, can be obtained according to formula, identical gain M, and turn ratio λ increases, and account for
Sky ratio D also increases, and it is exactly the input and output voltage ratio of common BUCK and the relational expression of duty ratio D that turn ratio λ, which is 1,.The circuit is excellent
Under the conditions of point is identical input and output voltage ratio, turn ratio λ becomes larger, and duty ratio D also becomes larger, and solves common 4 switch BUCK-
The problem that BOOST circuit causes switching device that cannot normally open with the reduction of D1, but the disadvantage is that boosting cannot be realized simultaneously
Function.
Fig. 3 show boosting coupling inductance class topology and defines turn ratio λ=(n1+n2)/n1, input and output for Fig. 3
There are relationships by open duty ratio D and the turn ratio λ of voltage ratio and S2, can be obtained according to formula, identical gain M, and turn ratio λ increases, and account for
Sky ratio D reduces, and it is exactly the input and output voltage ratio of common BOOST and the relational expression of duty ratio D that turn ratio λ, which is 1,.The circuit advantage
It is under the conditions of identical input and output voltage ratio, turn ratio λ becomes larger, and duty ratio D reduces, and solves common 4 switch BUCK-BOOST
The problem of circuit causes switching device to be unable to normal turn-off with the increase of D3.But the disadvantage is that buck functionality cannot be realized simultaneously.
By above-mentioned analysis it is found that decompression coupling inductance class topology shown in Fig. 2 can solve output less than under input condition
The problem of large velocity ratio demand；Boosting coupling inductance class topology shown in Fig. 3 can solve output and need greater than large velocity ratio under input condition
The problem of asking.But two kinds of coupling inductance class topologys all not can be implemented simultaneously output voltage less than, greater than or equal to input voltage
Power supply application.
In conclusion the shortcomings that existing four switch BUCKs-BOOST is to cannot achieve output and input as the function of large velocity ratio
Energy；The disadvantage of existing coupling inductance class topology is the electricity that not can be implemented simultaneously output voltage less than, greater than or equal to input voltage
Source application.
Utility model content
In view of technological deficiency present in foregoing circuit, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to propose a kind of lifting
Power supply application of the output voltage less than, greater than or equal to input voltage not only may be implemented in volt circuit, can also realize output and
Input is the power supply application of large velocity ratio.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model design of the application are as follows: in tetra- pipe BUCK-BOOST buck of Fig. 1
Improved on the basis of circuit, remove switching device S3 therein, under BOOST boost mode multiplex switch device S2 to
Save a switching tube, and an inductance of connecting between the source electrode of switching device S1 and the drain electrode of switching device S2, so that electric
The turn ratio of road in different modes is different, when for BUCK mode, under the conditions of identical input and output voltage ratio, and derailing switch
The duty ratio of part S1 is big when being equal to 1 than the turn ratio when the turn ratio is greater than 1, and when for BOOST mode, the duty of switching device S2
Than the turn ratio be greater than 1 when than the turn ratio be equal to 1 when it is small, be less than, be equal to realize the circuit not only and output voltage may be implemented
Or the power supply application greater than input voltage, it can also realize output and input is the power supply application of large velocity ratio.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of utility model, the utility model uses following technical scheme:
A kind of step-up/step-down circuit, it is characterised in that: including input power just, out-put supply just, power supply is negative, first switch device
Part S1, second switch device S2, third switching device S3, the first coupling inductance device L1, the second coupling inductance device L2, first
Capacitor element C1 and the second capacitor element C2；Wherein, the conducting electric current of first switch device S1 is flowing into end connection input power just
With the port one of first capacitor C1, the conducting electric current outflow end of first switch device S1 connects the end of the first coupling inductance device L1
Mouth one, the conducting electric current of second switch device S2 flow into port two and the second coupling electricity that end connects the first coupling inductance device L1
The conducting electric current outflow end connection power supply of the port one of inductor component L2, second switch device S2 is negative, and third switching device S3's leads
Galvanization flows into the port two that end connects the second coupling inductance device L2, the conducting electric current outflow end connection of third switching device S3
The port two of port one of the out-put supply just with the second capacitor element C2, first capacitor device C1 and the second capacitor element C2 connect
Power supply is negative.
Preferably, the first coupling inductance device L1 and the second coupling inductance device L2 is by sharing a magnetic core phase
Mutual coupling is combined.
Preferably, the number of turns of the first coupling inductance device L1 and the second coupling inductance device L2 are adjustable.
Preferably, first switch device S1, the second switch device S2 and third switching device S3 are metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, the first switch device S1 and second switch device S2 is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and third switching device S3 is two
Pole pipe.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, it is characterised in that: further including third coupling inductance device L3 couples to X+1
Inductance component L (X+1), the 4th switching device S4 are to+2 switching device S (X+2) and third capacitor element C3 of X to X+1
Capacitor element C (X+1)；The port one of third coupling inductance device L3 connects the port two and second of the first coupling inductance device L1
The port one of coupling inductance device L2, the port two of third coupling inductance device L3 connect the conducting electric current of the 4th switching device S4
Outflow end, the conducting electric current of the 4th switching device S4 are flowing into the second out-put supply that end is step-up/step-down circuit just, third capacitor
The conducting electric current that the port one of part C3 connects the 4th switching device S4 flows into end, and the port two of third capacitor element C3 connects power supply
It is negative；……；The port one of+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X connects port two and the second coupling of the first coupling inductance device L1
The port one of inductance component L2 is closed, the port two of+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X connects+2 switching device S's (X+2) of X
Conducting electric current outflow end, the conducting electric current of+2 switching device S (X+2) of X flow into the X out-put supply that end is step-up/step-down circuit
Just, the conducting electric current that the port one of+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X connects+2 switching device S (X+2) of X flows into end ,+1 electricity of X
It is negative that the port two of container piece C (X+1) connects power supply；X is the natural number more than or equal to 2.
Term is explained:
The control terminal of switching device: control switch conducting and the port of cut-off refer to the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor such as metal-oxide-semiconductor
Pole；For triode, the base stage of triode is referred to.
The conducting electric current of switching device flows into end: after switch conduction, the port that electric current flows into refers to such as metal-oxide-semiconductor
The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, no matter N-channel, P-channel, enhanced or depletion type MOS tube, conducting when, electric current is all high by voltage
Drain electrode flows to the low source electrode of voltage；For triode, the collector of triode is referred to, in conducting, electric current is by voltage height
Collector flow to the low emitter of voltage；For diode, the anode of diode is referred to.
The conducting electric current outflow end of switching device: after switch conduction, the port of electric current outflow refers to such as metal-oxide-semiconductor
The source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor；For triode, the emitter of triode is referred to；For diode, the cathode of diode is referred to.
The working principle of the utility model will be described in detail in a specific embodiment, compared with prior art, this
Utility model have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the utility model step-up/step-down circuit, it is only necessary to which 3 switching devices, four traditional switch step-up/step-down circuits need 4
A switching device, switching device quantity greatly reduce, because having lacked a switching device, the total losses of switching device also drop
Low, overall efficiency is improved.
2, the utility model step-up/step-down circuit solves output electricity in the case of input and output voltage ratio is large velocity ratio
Pressure is less than input voltage, and the problem that power device cannot be fully on solves output voltage greater than input voltage, power device
The problem of cannot complete switching off.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 4 traditional switch BUCK-BOOST circuit diagrams；
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of existing bidirectional couple inductance BUCK circuit；
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of existing bidirectional couple inductance BOOST circuit；
Fig. 4 is the utility model first embodiment schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the graph of relation for exporting and inputting ratio, turn ratio λ and duty ratio under the utility model BUCK mode；
Fig. 6 is the graph of relation for exporting and inputting ratio, turn ratio λ and duty ratio under the utility model BOOST mode；
Fig. 7 is the utility model second embodiment schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is third embodiment of the invention schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The improvement that the utility model is made compared with the existing technology in order to better understand is implemented below with reference to specific
Example is described in detail.
First embodiment
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model.Including input power just, out-put supply just, electricity
Source is negative, first switch device S1, second switch device S2, third switching device S3, the first coupling inductance device L1, the second coupling
Inductance component L2, first capacitor device C1 and the second capacitor element C2；Wherein, the drain electrode connection input electricity of first switch device S1
Just with the port one of first capacitor C1, the source electrode of first switch device S1 connects the port one of the first coupling inductance device L1 in source,
The port two of the first coupling inductance device L1 of drain electrode connection of second switch device S2 and the port of the second coupling inductance device L2
The source electrode connection power supply of one, second switch device S2 are negative, and the drain electrode of third switching device S3 connects the second coupling inductance device L2
Port two, port one of the source electrode connection out-put supply just with the second capacitor element C2 of third switching device S3, first capacitor
It is negative that the port two of device C1 and the second capacitor element C2 connect power supply.
The present embodiment the first coupling inductance device L1 and the second coupling inductance device L2 is mutual by sharing a magnetic core
It is coupled, to realize the mutual conversion between three coupling inductance device voltage and currents.
The number of turns of the present embodiment the first coupling inductance device L1 and the second coupling inductance device L2 are adjustable, thus real
The design of the existing turn ratio.
The present embodiment is its working principle is that such, and according to input, output voltage size relation, this step-up/step-down circuit can be with
There are two kinds of operating modes of BUCK and BOOST, the duty ratio of the switching device Q1 and Q2 is denoted as D1 and D2, and the turn ratio is denoted as λ=(n1
+ n2)/n1, input voltage is denoted as Vin, and output voltage is denoted as Vo.
When output voltage be less than input voltage, that is, work in BUCK mode.Within each switch periods time, S3 is normally opened,
S1 and S2 are open-minded in turn, and there are relationships by the duty ratio D1 and turn ratio λ that opens of input and output voltage ratio and S1Attached drawing 5 opens duty ratio D1 and circle for input and output voltage ratio Vo/Vin, S1's
Than the graph of relation between λ.From fig. 5, it can be seen that under the conditions of identical input and output voltage ratio, the switching device S1's
Duty ratio D1 is big when turn ratio λ is greater than 1 when ratio λ equal to 1, and it is big in input and output to solve common four switch BUCKs-BOOST circuit
The problem that reduction when no-load voltage ratio with D1 causes switching device that cannot normally open,
Under BOOST mode, output voltage is greater than input voltage.In each switch periods time t, S1 is normally opened, S2 and S3
Open-minded in turn, there are relationships by the duty ratio D2 that opens of input and output voltage ratio and S2Attached drawing 6 be input and output voltage ratio, S2 open duty ratio D2 and turn ratio λ it
Between graph of relation.From fig. 6, it can be seen that under the conditions of identical input and output voltage ratio, the duty of the switching device S2
It is smaller when turn ratio λ is greater than 1 when ratio λ equal to 1 than D2, solve common four switch BUCKs-BOOST circuit in input and output large velocity ratio
When the problem of causing switching device to be unable to normal turn-off with the increase of D3,
The present embodiment step-up/step-down circuit may be implemented output voltage less than input voltage, output voltage be equal to input voltage and
Output voltage is greater than the function of input voltage.And 3 switching devices are only used.
It is small to solve output voltage in the case of input and output voltage ratio is large velocity ratio for the present embodiment effective solution
In input voltage, the problem that power device cannot be fully on solves output voltage greater than input voltage, and power device cannot
The problem of complete switching off.And a switching device fewer than traditional four switch BUCK-BOOST circuits, switching device quantity is significantly
It reduces, because having lacked a switching device, the total losses of switching device are also reduced, and overall efficiency is improved.
Second embodiment
Fig. 7 is the utility model second embodiment schematic diagram, on the basis of first embodiment, by by third switching tube
Diode D1 is changed to realize unidirectional high-gain BUCK-BOOST power supply application.
The beneficial effect is that fewer than first embodiment a controllable switch device, power supply cost substantially reduce.
The concrete operating principle of second embodiment, those skilled in the art can be according to first embodiment
You can get it for the course of work and the simple derivation of principle progress, is not described in detail herein.
3rd embodiment
Fig. 8 is third embodiment of the invention schematic diagram, on the basis of first embodiment, increases third coupling inductor
Part L3 is electric to+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X, the 4th switching device S4 to+2 switching device S (X+2) of X and third
Container piece C3 to+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X；The port one of third coupling inductance device L3 connects the first coupling inductance device
The port one of the port two of L1 and the second coupling inductance device L2, the 4th switch of the connection of port two of third coupling inductance device L3
The conducting electric current outflow end of device S4, the conducting electric current of the 4th switching device S4 flow into the second output electricity that end is step-up/step-down circuit
Just, the conducting electric current that the port one of third capacitor element C3 connects the 4th switching device S4 flows into end, third capacitor element C3 in source
To connect power supply negative for port two；……；The port one of+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X connects the first coupling inductance device L1
Port two and the second coupling inductance device L2 port one, the port two of+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X connects X+2
The conducting electric current outflow end of switching device S (X+2), it is lifting piezoelectricity that the conducting electric current of+2 switching device S (X+2) of X, which flows into end,
Just, the port one of+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X connects the electric conduction of+2 switching device S (X+2) of X to the X out-put supply on road
Stream flows into end, and it is negative that the port two of+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X connects power supply；X is the natural number more than or equal to 2.
The improvement purpose of 3rd embodiment is to realize multiple-channel output, concrete operating principle, the common skill of the art
Art personnel can carry out simple derivation with the course of work according to first embodiment and principle, and you can get it, is not described in detail herein.
Above embodiment is not construed as limitations of the present invention, and the protection scope of the utility model should be with right
It is required that subject to limited range.For those skilled in the art, in the essence for not departing from the utility model
In mind and range, several improvements and modifications can also be made, such as according to the difference of application, the switching tube be can be
The switching devices such as MOSFET, BJT and IGBT；According to circuit theory and design needs, pass through the simple means such as series-parallel of device
Fine tuning to circuit, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of step-up/step-down circuit, it is characterised in that: including input power just, out-put supply just, power supply is negative, first switch device
S1, second switch device S2, third switching device S3, the first coupling inductance device L1, the second coupling inductance device L2, the first electricity
Container piece C1 and the second capacitor element C2；Wherein, first switch device S1 conducting electric current flow into end connection input power just and
The port one of first capacitor C1, the conducting electric current outflow end of first switch device S1 connect the port of the first coupling inductance device L1
The conducting electric current of one, second switch device S2 flow into port two and the second coupling inductance that end connects the first coupling inductance device L1
The conducting electric current outflow end connection power supply of the port one of device L2, second switch device S2 is negative, the conducting of third switching device S3
Electric current flows into the port two that end connects the second coupling inductance device L2, and the conducting electric current outflow end connection of third switching device S3 is defeated
The port two of port one of the power supply just with the second capacitor element C2 out, first capacitor device C1 and the second capacitor element C2 connect electricity
Source is negative.
2. step-up/step-down circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first coupling inductance device L1 and the second coupling
It closes inductance component L2 and is intercoupled together by sharing a magnetic core.
3. step-up/step-down circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first coupling inductance device L1 and the second coupling
It is adjustable for closing the number of turns of inductance component L2.
4. step-up/step-down circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first switch device S1, second switch
Device S2 and third switching device S3 is metal-oxide-semiconductor.
5. step-up/step-down circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first switch device S1 and second switch
Device S2 is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and third switching device S3 is diode.
6. step-up/step-down circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: further include third coupling inductor
Part L3 is electric to+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X, the 4th switching device S4 to+2 switching device S (X+2) of X and third
Container piece C3 to+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X；The port one of third coupling inductance device L3 connects the first coupling inductance device
The port one of the port two of L1 and the second coupling inductance device L2, the 4th switch of the connection of port two of third coupling inductance device L3
The conducting electric current outflow end of device S4, the conducting electric current of the 4th switching device S4 flow into the second output electricity that end is step-up/step-down circuit
Just, the conducting electric current that the port one of third capacitor element C3 connects the 4th switching device S4 flows into end, third capacitor element C3 in source
To connect power supply negative for port two；……；The port one of+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X connects the first coupling inductance device L1
Port two and the second coupling inductance device L2 port one, the port two of+1 coupling inductance device L (X+1) of X connects X+2
The conducting electric current outflow end of switching device S (X+2), it is lifting piezoelectricity that the conducting electric current of+2 switching device S (X+2) of X, which flows into end,
Just, the port one of+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X connects the electric conduction of+2 switching device S (X+2) of X to the X out-put supply on road
Stream flows into end, and it is negative that the port two of+1 capacitor element C (X+1) of X connects power supply；X is the natural number more than or equal to 2.
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| CN201821860205.7U CN209134302U (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | A kind of step-up/step-down circuit |
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| CN201821860205.7U CN209134302U (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | A kind of step-up/step-down circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109327139A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-12 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of step-up/step-down circuit |
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| CN109327139A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-12 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of step-up/step-down circuit |
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