CN209134150U - A kind of permanent magnet and magneto - Google Patents

A kind of permanent magnet and magneto Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209134150U
CN209134150U CN201821474432.6U CN201821474432U CN209134150U CN 209134150 U CN209134150 U CN 209134150U CN 201821474432 U CN201821474432 U CN 201821474432U CN 209134150 U CN209134150 U CN 209134150U
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permanent magnet
separation trough
separation
extending direction
trough
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于永江
王鹏飞
魏蕊
邵梅竹
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Yantai Zhenghai Magnetic Material Co Ltd
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Yantai Zhenghai Magnetic Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of permanent magnet and magnetoes, one or more separation troughs are formed on the permanent magnet, the separation trough runs through the permanent magnet and on the second extending direction of the separation trough not through permanent magnet on the first extending direction of the separation trough, first extending direction of the separation trough is parallel with the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet, alternatively, the magnetizing direction of the first extending direction of the separation trough and the permanent magnet has angle.The permanent magnet manufacturing process of the utility model is simple, resistivity is high, it is stable for rotor performance, can be effectively reduced magnetic loss.

Description

A kind of permanent magnet and magneto
Technical field
The utility model belongs to technical field of motors, and in particular to a kind of permanent magnet and magneto.
Background technique
Permanent magnet is the necessary parts in magneto, and motor generates vortex at work, and vortex leads to permanent magnetism temperature It increases, causes permanent magnet magnetic to be lost, influence motor performance.
In the prior art, there are mainly two types of the approach for reducing permanent magnet magnetic loss: first is that change the macrostructure of permanent magnet, Insulating polymer is recycled to be bonded magnetic sheet after magnet is divided, which can be effectively reduced magnetic loss, but manufacture work Sequence is cumbersome, at high cost, and magnet performance is unstable, is unfavorable for assembling after bonding, increases motor oscillating noise;Second is that improving permanent magnet Resistivity, since eddy-current loss and the resistivity of PM rotor are inversely proportional, improve its resistivity facilitate reduce vortex damage Consumption.
The method of permanent magnetism body resistivity is improved mainly include the following types: first is that coating insulating layer for Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet;Two It is that non-metallic atom is dispersed at high temperature in Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet ontology, changes its microcosmic composition;Third is that by neodymium-iron-boron Powder nitridation forms nitration case on magnetic powder surface.It is limited that the defect of these methods is that the resistivity of permanent magnet improves, and manufactures Technology difficulty is larger, it is difficult to steady production.
Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is widely used in magneto, such permanent magnet conductivity with higher and it is lower away from Lower from temperature Curie temperature, when work, magnetic loss is larger, reduces motor performance.Also, power of motor is higher, permanent magnet body Product is bigger, and when rotor heat dissipation performance is poor, when work causes higher temperatures liter, and magnetic disappearance is even resulted under extreme case, therefore, The magnetic loss defect of such material especially attracts people's attention.
Utility model content
In order to improve above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a kind of permanent magnet, one is provided on the permanent magnet Or multiple separation troughs, the separation trough is on the first extending direction of the separation trough through the permanent magnet and in the separation trough The second extending direction on not through the permanent magnet, wherein the first extending direction of the separation trough and filling for the permanent magnet Magnetic direction is parallel, alternatively, the magnetizing direction of the first extending direction of the separation trough and the permanent magnet has angle.
Further, when the separation trough be it is multiple when, the separation trough include the first separation trough and the second separation trough, first Second extending direction of separation trough and the second extending direction of the second separation trough are opposite.
Further, the permanent magnet is the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet with a pair of of magnetic pole.
Further, when separation trough is multiple, multiple separation troughs are parallel to each other.
Further, length of the separation trough on its second extending direction is the permanent magnet in second extending direction Length 50% or more, more preferably 70%-90%.
Further, the width of the separation trough is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the width refers to the two side walls of the separation trough The distance between.
Further, when separation trough is multiple, the distance being spaced between two adjacent separation troughs is 1-10mm, preferably 1- 5mm, the distance between described two neighboring separation trough are the width of the permanent magnet between two adjacent separation troughs.
Separation trough as much as possible is arranged on the permanent magnet in embodiment according to the present utility model.For example, all points Between the width of separate slot and all adjacent separation troughs the summation of the width of permanent magnet can for permanent magnet cross-sectional length 50% with On, such as 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or 100%.
Further, projection of the separation trough on its first extending direction is curved, such as wavy line shape.
Further, first separation trough and the second separation trough are staggered.
Further, the permanent magnet is in flat cuboid.
Further, the first extending direction of the separation trough is the thickness direction of the permanent magnet, the of the separation trough The angle of the length direction of two extending directions and the permanent magnet is greater than 0 ° and is less than or equal to 90 °, such as 45 °.
Embodiment according to the present utility model, the thickness direction of the permanent magnet refer to and the permanent magnet minimum side length The parallel direction in side.
The utility model also provides a kind of motor, and the motor has rotor, and the rotor includes permanent magnetism as described above One of body.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that
The permanent magnet manufacturing process that the utility model embodiment proposes is simple, resistivity is high, performance is stable, can effectively drop Low magnetic loss.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is a kind of magnet structure side view that the utility model embodiment 1 proposes;
Fig. 1 b is a kind of magnet structure front view that the utility model embodiment 1 proposes;
Fig. 2 a is another magnet structure side view that the utility model embodiment 1 proposes;
Fig. 2 b is another magnet structure front view that the utility model embodiment 1 proposes;
Fig. 3 a is a kind of magnet structure side view that the utility model embodiment 2 proposes;
Fig. 3 b is a kind of magnet structure front view that the utility model embodiment 2 proposes;
Fig. 4 a is a kind of magnet structure side view that the utility model embodiment 4 proposes;
Fig. 4 b is a kind of magnet structure front view that the utility model embodiment 4 proposes;
Fig. 5 a is a kind of rotor structure schematic diagram for motor that the utility model embodiment 6 proposes;
Fig. 5 b is the rotor structure front view for another motor that the utility model embodiment 6 proposes.
Specific embodiment
For the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and advantage is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and Referring to attached drawing, the utility model is further described.But as known to those skilled in the art, the utility model is not limited to Attached drawing and following embodiment.
The utility model embodiment proposes a kind of permanent magnet, which can be used for rotor, is formed on the permanent magnet There are one or more separation troughs, the separation trough is on the first extending direction of the separation trough through the permanent magnet and at this Not through permanent magnet, the first extending direction of the separation trough and magnetizing for the permanent magnet on second extending direction of separation trough Direction is parallel, alternatively, the magnetizing direction of the first extending direction of the separation trough and the permanent magnet has angle.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet with a pair of of magnetic pole.
The permanent magnet of the utility model embodiment has above-mentioned separation trough, and monolith permanent magnet is not exclusively cut off, still makees For an entirety, separation trough can effectively improve the resistance of permanent magnet, make permanent magnet as rotor in use, can significantly reduce Eddy-current loss, also, the processing is simple, when rotor is used for motor, does not influence motor performance.
Embodiment 1
A, Fig. 1 b referring to Fig.1, illustratively, permanent magnet 100 are in flat rectangular body structure comprising parallel opposite first Surface 11 and second surface 12, and vertical with two surfaces, parallel opposite the first side wall 13 and second sidewall 14;Permanent magnetism The magnetizing direction of body is to magnetize from first surface to opposite second surface parallel with first surface;One is formed on permanent magnet Or multiple first separation troughs 10, the first extending direction of the first separation trough 10 are to extend from first surface 11 along magnetizing direction, the One separation trough runs through second surface 12, and length of first separation trough 10 on first extending direction is equal to permanent magnet first surface The distance between second surface, the second extending direction of the first separation trough are from the first side wall 13 along vertical with the first side wall Direction extends to second sidewall 14, and length of first separation trough on second extending direction is less than the first side in this direction The distance between wall and second sidewall, that is, not through second sidewall.
Preferably, when the first separation trough is multiple, multiple first separation troughs are parallel to each other.
Preferably, when the first separation trough is multiple, equidistant arrangement between multiple first separation troughs.
Preferably, length of first separation trough on the second extending direction is the permanent magnet in the second extension side To length 50% or more, more preferably 70%-90%.
Preferably, first separates groove width for 0.1-0.5mm.The width refers to the two side walls of first separation trough The distance between.
Preferably, when the first separation trough is multiple, the distance being spaced between two neighboring first separation trough is 1-10mm, Preferably 1-5mm.The distance between described two neighboring first separation trough is the permanent magnetism between two neighboring first separation trough The width of body.
In another embodiment, the first extending direction of the first separation trough can also along with the magnetizing direction be in one The direction of angle, which tilts, to be extended, and second surface is run through.The structure has the effect of reduced harmonic, when being used as rotor, has Reduce the effect of eddy-current loss.
In another embodiment, referring to Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, first separation trough is on first extending direction It projects curved.At this point, multiple first separation troughs are parallel to each other, the tangent line for referring to and putting accordingly between multiple curves is mutual In parallel.The metering method of spacing between the width of first separation trough and adjacent first separation trough is similar therewith.First separation trough Linear distance between the both ends that the length on the second extending direction refers to the first separation trough.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b, the present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the permanent magnet of the present embodiment further includes one Or the first extending direction of multiple second separation trough, 10 ', 10 ' of the second separation trough are to prolong from first surface 11 along magnetizing direction It stretches, the second separation trough runs through second surface 12, and length of 10 ' of the second separation trough on the extending direction is equal to the first table of permanent magnet The distance between face and second surface, the second extending direction of the second separation trough are from second sidewall 14 along vertical with second sidewall Direction extend to the first side wall 13, length of second separation trough on the extending direction is less than the first side wall in this direction The distance between second sidewall, i.e., not through the first side wall, the second extending direction of the second separation trough and the first separation trough Second extending direction is opposite.
Preferably, first separation trough and the second separation trough are parallel to each other.
Preferably, first separation trough and the second separation trough are staggered.
Preferably, equidistant arrangement between first separation trough and second separation trough.
Preferably, length of first separation trough on its second extending direction is the permanent magnet in second extension 50% or more of the length in direction, more preferably 70%-90%;Length of second separation trough on its second extending direction For the permanent magnet the direction length 50% or more, more preferably 70%-90%.
Preferably, the width of first separation trough and second separation trough is 0.1-0.5mm.The width refers to The distance between two side walls of separation trough.
Preferably, the distance being spaced between two adjacent separation troughs is 1-10mm, preferably 1-5mm.It is described two neighboring The distance between separation trough is the width of the permanent magnet between two neighboring separation trough.The adjacent separation trough refers to including All separation troughs including one separation trough and the second separation trough, for example, adjacent separation trough is as adjacent when the two is staggered The first separation trough and the second separation trough.
In another embodiment, projection of second separation trough on first extending direction is curved.This When, multiple second separation troughs, which are parallel to each other, refers to that the tangent line put accordingly between multiple curves is parallel to each other.Second separates The metering method of spacing between the width of slot and adjacent second separation trough is similar therewith.
The separation trough of present embodiment is oppositely arranged in both direction, is had more significant technical effect, is used as When rotor, the better effect of eddy-current loss is reduced.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the second extending direction of first separation trough is from the first side wall Along with the inclined direction of the first side wall (i.e. with the direction of the first side wall out of plumb, the second extending direction of the first separation trough with forever The angle in magnet length direction is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °) extend to second sidewall, and the first separation trough is on the extending direction Length is less than the distance between the first side wall and second sidewall in this direction, that is, not through second sidewall.
In another embodiment, projection of first separation trough on first extending direction is curved.
Embodiment 4
Referring to Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, the present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 3 are that the permanent magnet of the present embodiment further includes one Or the first extending direction of multiple second separation trough, 10 ', 10 ' of the second separation trough are to prolong from first surface along magnetizing direction Stretch, run through second surface, length of second separation trough on the extending direction be equal to permanent magnet first surface and second surface it Between distance, the second extending direction of second separation trough be from second sidewall along with the inclined direction of second sidewall (i.e. with The direction of second sidewall out of plumb, the second extending direction of the second separation trough and the angle of permanent magnet length direction are greater than 0 ° and small In 90 °) extend to the first side wall, and length of second separation trough on the extending direction is less than the first side wall in this direction The distance between second sidewall, that is, not through the first side wall.
Embodiment 5
Permanent magnet is that fan annular (permanent magnet in the rotor of reference Fig. 5 b) or prismatoid etc. are special-shaped forever in the present embodiment Magnet is formed with one or more first separation troughs on the permanent magnet when permanent magnet is such obform body, and described first point At least one of separate slot is on the first extending direction of the first separation trough through the permanent magnet and on the second extending direction Not through permanent magnet, first extending direction is consistent with the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet, alternatively, first extending direction There is angle with the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment proposes that a kind of motor, the motor have rotor, and the rotor includes one of above-mentioned permanent magnet.
Referring to Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, the rotor includes rotor core 20, and the rotor core has permanent magnet trough 21, described Permanent magnet 100 is fixed in the permanent magnet trough 21.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment compares the technical effect of different permanent magnets by the temperature increase after test permanent magnet heating.
Sample: cuboid Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet;Long * wide * is thick: 80mm*40mm*5mm, magnetizing direction are thickness direction.
Unmachined permanent magnet is denoted as A0;
By A0 through-thickness quartering cutting it is the part of four separation, then is bonded and spelled with insulating polymer binder It connects, is denoted as A10;
A0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation three is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through Four parts of the separation trough for wearing thickness direction, the permanent magnet separated by separation trough are also impartial, and the length of separation trough is 28mm, slot Wide 0.1mm, is denoted as A11;
A0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation three is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through Four parts of the separation trough for wearing thickness direction, the permanent magnet separated by separation trough are also impartial, are located in the middle separation trough and another Outer two separation troughs are formed from opposite direction, and the length of separation trough is 28mm, and groove width 0.1mm is denoted as A12;
By the nine equal part cutting of A0 through-thickness it is the part of nine separation, then is bonded and spelled with insulating polymer binder It connects, is denoted as A20;
A0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation eight is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through Nine parts of the separation trough for wearing thickness direction, the permanent magnet separated by separation trough are also impartial, and the length of separation trough is 28mm, slot Wide 0.1mm, is denoted as A21;
A0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation eight is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through Nine parts of the separation trough for wearing thickness direction, the permanent magnet separated by separation trough are also impartial, and adjacent separation trough is from opposite Direction is formed, and is staggered, and the length of separation trough is 28mm, and groove width 0.1mm is denoted as A22.
Using intermediate-frequency heating furnace, above-mentioned sample is placed in identical position, room temperature is under 20 degrees celsius, and setting is same Intermediate-frequency heating furnace frequency, temperature, using heat-preservation cotton wrap up magnet, heating after ten minutes, measure magnet heating after temperature, such as Shown in table 1.
Temperature after the heating of 1 sample of table
Serial number Magnet Magnet temperature (DEG C) after experiment Temperature rise (DEG C)
1 A0 96.5 76.5
2 A10 48.4 28.4
3 A11 57.7 37.7
4 A12 53.6 33.6
5 A20 39.4 19.4
6 A21 48.8 28.8
7 A22 44.1 24,1
The above experiment reflects the trend of different permanent magnet sample temperature rises, and temperature rise is higher, and magnet eddy current loss is bigger, installation Motor performance is poorer afterwards.According to above data it is found that the temperature rise highest of A0 magnet, eddy current loss is maximum, performance after motor of installing It is worst.Equal part mode is identical, and when processing method difference (A10, A11, A12), the temperature rise being bonded again after complete parttion is minimum, opposite The sample for forming separation trough is slightly higher, forms the sample highest of separation trough in the same direction;Processing method is identical, (A10 when equal part mode difference With A20, A11 and A21, A12 is compared with A22), separation trough is more, and temperature rise is lower, and magnet eddy current loss is smaller, electric after installation Machine performance is better.Although the temperature rise after complete parttion is bonded again is minimum, the process costs are high, complex procedures, and are difficult to fit Answer special-shaped magnet.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment compares the technical effect of different permanent magnets by the resistivity of test permanent magnet.
Experimental condition: sample measures the resistivity of each sample with embodiment 8, and every sample measures 3 times, is averaged survey The resistivity of each magnet is obtained, measured value is as shown in table 2.
The resistivity of 2 sample of table
Serial number Magnet Resistivity (Ω m)
1 A0 0.9
2 A10 2.4
3 A11 1.8
4 A12 2.2
5 A20 10.6
6 A21 8.4
7 A22 9.2
The above experiment reflects the resistivity of different permanent magnet samples, and resistivity is lower, and magnet eddy current loss is bigger, installation Motor performance is poorer afterwards.From the above data, the resistivity for not carrying out the A0 of any processing is 0.9 Ω m, and resistivity is most Low, eddy current loss is maximum, and performance is worst after motor of installing.Equal part mode is identical, when processing method difference (A10, A11, A12, with And A20, A21, A22), the resistivity being bonded after complete parttion again is minimum, and the sample that opposite direction forms separation trough is slightly higher, is formed in the same direction The sample highest of separation trough;Processing method is identical, when equal part mode difference (A10 and A20, A11 and A21, A12 is compared with A22), Separation trough is more, and resistivity is lower, and magnet eddy current loss is smaller, and motor performance is better after installation.Although complete parttion is bonded again Resistivity afterwards is minimum, but the process costs are high, complex procedures, and is difficult to adapt to special-shaped magnet.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment compares the technical effect of different permanent magnets by the resistivity of test permanent magnet.
Sample: cuboid Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet;Long * wide * is thick: 80mm*40mm*5mm, magnetizing direction are thickness direction.
Unmachined permanent magnet is denoted as B0;
B0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation four is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through Five parts of the separation trough for wearing thickness direction, the permanent magnet separated by separation trough are also impartial, and the length of separation trough is respectively 20mm, 28mm, 36mm, groove width 0.1mm, are denoted as B11, B12, B13 respectively;
B0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation four is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through Five parts of the separation trough for wearing thickness direction, the permanent magnet separated by separation trough are also impartial, and adjacent separation trough is from opposite Direction is formed, and the length of separation trough is respectively 20mm, 28mm, 36mm, and groove width 0.1mm is denoted as B21, B22, B23;
B0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, it is equidistant formed four with permanent magnet length direction be in 45 °, pass through The separation trough of thickness direction is worn, the length of separation trough is 28mm, and groove width 0.1mm is denoted as B32;
B0 through-thickness is used into wire cutting mode, equidistant formation four is vertical with permanent magnet length direction, passes through The separation trough of thickness direction is worn, the projection of separation trough in a thickness direction is in wavy line shape, straight between the both ends of separation trough Line length is 28mm, and groove width 0.1mm is denoted as B42.
The resistivity of each sample is measured, every sample measures 3 times, the resistivity for measuring each magnet is averaged, such as 3 institute of table Show.
The resistivity of 3 sample of table
The above experiment reflects the resistivity of different permanent magnet samples, and resistivity is lower, and magnet eddy current loss is bigger, installation Motor performance is poorer afterwards.From the above data, when cutting mode is identical (B11, B12, B13 and B21, B22, B23) point Separate slot length is bigger, and resistivity is higher, and eddy current loss is lower, and motor performance is better after installation;It is identical to separate slot length, separation trough When shape, angle difference (B12, B32, B42), when separation trough is in wavy line shape, resistivity highest, separation trough and length direction When in 45 °, take second place, when separation trough is in the same direction, resistivity is minimum.This is because wavy line shape, separation trough and length direction do not hang down When straight, the function of reduced harmonic can be increased, increase heat dissipation area, eddy current loss is lower.
More than, the embodiments of the present invention is illustrated.But the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned implementation Mode.Within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done, should be included in Within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (13)

1. a kind of permanent magnet, which is characterized in that be formed with one or more separation troughs on the permanent magnet, the separation trough is at this Run through the permanent magnet on first extending direction of separation trough and on the second extending direction of the separation trough not through permanent magnetism First extending direction of body, the separation trough is parallel with the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet, alternatively, the first of the separation trough prolongs The magnetizing direction for stretching direction and the permanent magnet has angle.
2. permanent magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the separation trough is multiple, the separation trough includes First separation trough and the second separation trough, the second extending direction phase of the second extending direction and the second separation trough of the first separation trough Instead.
3. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the permanent magnet is the neodymium iron boron with a pair of of magnetic pole Permanent magnet.
4. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that throwing of the separation trough on its first extending direction Shadow is curved.
5. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that when separation trough is multiple, multiple separation troughs are mutually flat Row.
6. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that length of the separation trough on its second extending direction Spend 50% or more of the length for being the permanent magnet in second extending direction.
7. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that length of the separation trough on its second extending direction is 70%-90% of the permanent magnet in the length of second extending direction.
8. such as claims 1 or 2 or the permanent magnet, which is characterized in that the width of the separation trough is 0.1mm-0.5mm, The width refers to the distance between the two side walls of the separation trough.
9. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that when separation trough is multiple, two adjacent separation troughs it Between the distance that is spaced be 1-10mm, the distance between described two neighboring separation trough is the permanent magnet between two adjacent separation troughs Width.
10. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that when separation trough is multiple, between two adjacent separation troughs The distance at interval is 1-5mm.
11. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first separation trough and the second separation trough are staggered.
12. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the permanent magnet is in flat cuboid, described First extending direction of separation trough is the thickness direction of the permanent magnet, the second extending direction and the permanent magnetism of the separation trough The angle of the length direction of body is greater than 0 ° and is less than or equal to 90 °.
13. a kind of motor, the motor has rotor, which is characterized in that the rotor includes such as any one of claim 1-12 The permanent magnet.
CN201821474432.6U 2018-09-10 2018-09-10 A kind of permanent magnet and magneto Active CN209134150U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022237809A1 (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-11-17 烟台东星磁性材料股份有限公司 Permanent magnet for low eddy current loss of permanent magnet motor and permanent magnet motor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022237809A1 (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-11-17 烟台东星磁性材料股份有限公司 Permanent magnet for low eddy current loss of permanent magnet motor and permanent magnet motor

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