CN105429410B - Permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105429410B
CN105429410B CN201410484044.6A CN201410484044A CN105429410B CN 105429410 B CN105429410 B CN 105429410B CN 201410484044 A CN201410484044 A CN 201410484044A CN 105429410 B CN105429410 B CN 105429410B
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magnetic
air gap
synchronous motor
permanent magnet
magnet synchronous
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CN105429410A (en
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高明世
陈彬
陈华杰
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Zhuhai Gree Energy Saving Environmental Protection Refrigeration Technology Research Center Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor.The permanent magnet synchronous motor includes rotor (1), mouse cage (2) are provided on rotor (1), cage grooves (14) are offered on mouse cage (2), magnetic slot (4) are offered on the inside of mouse cage (2), magnet steel (3) are provided in magnetic slot (4), the first end of magnetic slot (4) is provided with the first of arc every magnetic air gap (5), first forms the first magnetic bridge (6) between magnetic air gap (5) and mouse cage (2), and the first circumferential angle shared by magnetic air gap (5) is (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1It spends, wherein 0.9 to 1.2 times of circumference angle of the α between two adjacent cage grooves, n1For rotor conductive bar quantity.Permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention is able to solve the problem that permanent magnet synchronous motor starting ability in the prior art is poor, demagnetization allowance is small, improves the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of motors, in particular to a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background technique
Permanent-magnet self-starting motor has more application, including air-conditioning, refrigerator, fan etc. in household electric appliances, thus There is effect very outstanding in energy conservation.It is limited to the shortage and expensive price of rare earth material, the type is not large batch of to be pushed away Wide application, also illustrates the immature property of the technology.The also generally existing starting ability of application of the type motor is poor at present, demagnetization is abundant It measures the problems such as small, seriously constrains the performance of motor.
Summary of the invention
A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided in the embodiment of the present invention, permanent magnet synchronous motor in the prior art is able to solve and opens The problem that kinetic force is poor, demagnetization allowance is small, improves the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor, including rotor, set on rotor It is equipped with mouse cage, cage grooves are offered on mouse cage, magnetic slot is offered on the inside of mouse cage, magnet steel is provided in magnetic slot, magnetic slot First end is provided with the first of arc every magnetic air gap, and first forms the first magnetic bridge between magnetic air gap and mouse cage, and first every magnetic Circumferential angle shared by air gap is (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1, wherein circumference angle of the α between two adjacent cage grooves 0.9 to 1.2 times, n1For rotor conductive bar quantity.
Preferably, the second end of magnetic slot is provided with second every magnetic air gap, second every magnetic air gap and magnetic slot connection The stop configurations limited to magnet steel are provided at position.
Preferably, the number of magnetic slot is even number, it is oppositely arranged between adjacent magnet steel, first every magnetic air gap and the One is arranged every magnetic air gap relative spacing, and second is arranged every magnetic air gap and second every magnetic air gap relative spacing, and adjacent second every magnetic The second magnetic bridge is formed between air gap.
Preferably, the second magnetic bridge be rectangle, second every magnetic air gap include along magnetic slot extending direction extend prolong Stretch section and bending segment that the end from extended segment is bent to rotor center.
Preferably, the maximum spacing of the width of the second magnetic bridge and adjacent two second between magnetic air gap meet 2 < D4/D5< 4, wherein D4For the adjacent two second maximum spacing between magnetic air gap, D5For the width of the second magnetic bridge.
Preferably, the specification of the conductive bar in cage grooves is identical, end ring is provided on mouse cage, end ring corresponding first is every magnetic The position of air gap is provided with escape groove, and first is arranged concentrically every magnetic air gap and escape groove.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of end ring is cross-section.
Preferably, the total volume of magnet steel and the volume ratio of rotor are V1/V2< 0.02, wherein V1For the total volume of magnet steel, V2For the volume of rotor.
Preferably, cage grooves are skewed slot along the axial direction of rotor.
Preferably, the size of gaps of motor meets 0.0125 < σ/D7< 0.0185 and 0.5 < σ/D6< 0.75, wherein σ is electricity Machine air gap, D7For rotor diameter, D6For magnet steel width.
Preferably, the conductive bar end of mouse cage and the Edge Distance of rotor are less than 0.1mm.
Preferably, the outer diameter ratio for putting depth and rotor of magnet steel is greater than 0.2.
Preferably, the depth of putting of magnet steel is obtained by following formula:
Wherein B0For the flux density at magnet steel surface;X is that certain is put at a distance from surface in magnet steel;Δ puts depth for magnet steel Degree;μ1For magnet steel magnetic conductivity;σ1For magnet steel conductivity.
Preferably, the first circumferential angle shared by the magnetic air gap is α1>=α=1.1 × 360/n1Degree.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, permanent magnet synchronous motor includes rotor, and mouse cage is provided on rotor, is opened up on mouse cage There are a cage grooves, offer magnetic slot on the inside of mouse cage, be provided with magnet steel in magnetic slot, the first end of magnetic slot is provided with the of arc One every magnetic air gap, and first forms the first magnetic bridge between magnetic air gap and mouse cage, and the first circumferential angle shared by the magnetic air gap is (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1It spends, wherein 0.9 to 1.2 times of circumference angle of the α between two adjacent cage grooves, n1To turn Subconductivity quantity.By the first end in magnetic slot be arranged arc first every magnetic air gap, and make this shared by the magnetic air gap Circumferential angle meets (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1Degree can prevent mouse cage conductive bar from occurring uneven and local every magnetic leakage magnetic The problem of leakage field increases, improves the starting ability of permanent magnet synchronous motor, increases the demagnetization allowance of permanent magnet synchronous motor, improves permanent magnetism The performance of synchronous motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram after the permanent magnet synchronous motor removal end ring of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic view of the front view of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the embodiment of the present invention first every magnetic air gap arragement construction figure;
Fig. 5 be the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the embodiment of the present invention second every magnetic air gap arragement construction figure.
Description of symbols:
1, rotor;2, mouse cage;3, magnet steel;4, magnetic slot;5, first every magnetic air gap;6, the first magnetic bridge;7, second every magnetic Air gap;8, stop configurations;9, the second magnetic bridge;10, end ring;11, escape groove;12, extended segment;13, bending segment;14, cage grooves; 15, circlip.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as to limit of the invention It is fixed.
Referring to figs. 1 to 5, according to an embodiment of the invention, permanent magnet synchronous motor includes rotor 1, it is arranged on rotor 1 There is mouse cage 2, cage grooves 14 are offered on mouse cage 2, magnetic slot 4 is offered on the inside of mouse cage 2, magnet steel 3, magnetic are provided in magnetic slot 4 The first end of steel tank 4 is provided with the first of arc every magnetic air gap 5, it is preferable that this is first every in the rotation of magnetic air gap 5 and rotor 1 The heart is arranged concentrically.First forms the first magnetic bridge 6 between magnetic air gap 5 and mouse cage 2, and first every the width of magnetic air gap 5 is D3, the The width of one magnetic bridge 6 is D2, the width of magnetic slot 4 is D1, the width of magnet steel is D6.First angle of circumference shared by the magnetic air gap 5 Degree is (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1It spends, wherein 0.9 to 1.2 times of circumference angle of the α between two adjacent cage grooves, n1 For rotor conductive bar quantity.Preferably, the first circumferential angle shared by the magnetic air gap 5 is α1>=α=1.1 × 360/n1Degree.This Shen Please in cage grooves be 28 slots, the circumference angle between two cage grooves 14 is 14.14 °, therefore α=14.2 °.Preferably, magnet steel 3 It is made of rare earth material, and is fixed in magnetic slot 4 by circlip 15, to prevent magnetic while improving motor performance Steel 3 skids off magnetic slot 4, improves reliability when permanent magnet synchronous motor work.
By the first end in magnetic slot be arranged arc first every magnetic air gap, and make the angle of circumference shared by the magnetic air gap Degree meets (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1Degree, can satisfy the space requirement between two cage grooves 14, can prevent cage grooves What conductive bar in 14 occurred when permanent magnet synchronous motor works unevenly and the problem of local leakage field increase, improves every magnetic leakage magnetic The starting ability of permanent magnet synchronous motor increases the demagnetization allowance of permanent magnet synchronous motor, improves the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor.At this In embodiment, axially inclined setting of the cage grooves 14 relative to rotor 1.Preferably, cage grooves 14 are relative to the axial of rotor 1 Tilt angle is (0.9~1.2) × 360/n1Degree, it is highly preferred that the angle is α1>=α=1.1 × 360/n1Degree.
Be provided with second every magnetic air gap 7 in the second end of magnetic slot 4, second every magnetic air gap 7 and magnetic slot 4 link position Place is provided with the stop configurations 8 limited to magnet steel 3.Second can reduce the dosage of magnet steel 3 every magnetic air gap 7, reduce motor Iron loss.After magnet steel 3 is placed into magnetic slot 4, first end can be limited by first every the arcuate structure of magnetic air gap 5, Second end can be limited by the second stop configurations 8 at the link position of magnetic air gap 7 and magnetic slot 4, enable magnet steel 3 It reaches securely and is stably placed in magnetic slot 4.The stop configurations 8 are to be arranged second every in magnetic air gap 7 in the present embodiment Stop projection.
Preferably, the number of magnetic slot 4 is even number, is oppositely arranged between adjacent magnet steel 3, first every magnetic air gap 5 with First is arranged every 5 relative spacing of magnetic air gap, and second is arranged every magnetic air gap 7 and second every 7 relative spacing of magnetic air gap, and adjacent second The second magnetic bridge 9 is formed between magnetic air gap 7.In the present embodiment, the number of magnetic slot 4 is 4, and first every 5 He of magnetic air gap Second every the number of magnetic air gap 7 is also 4, and first to be divided to every magnetic air gap 5 be two groups, and is oppositely arranged two-by-two, and second every magnetism Gap 7 is also classified into two groups, and is oppositely arranged two-by-two, forms diamond structure between four magnet steel 3.Such arrangement can make magnetic Steel is evenly distributed, and can be improved the starting performance of motor.
In the present embodiment, the second magnetic bridge 9 is rectangle, and second every magnetic air gap 7 includes prolonging along the extending direction of magnetic slot 4 The bending segment 13 that the extended segment 12 stretched and the end from extended segment 12 are bent to 1 center of rotor.Bending segment 13 is to the center of rotor 1 Bend and extend, can increase by second every magnetic air gap 7 width, improve second every magnetic air gap 7 magnetism isolating effect, to increase electricity The demagnetization allowance of machine.In the present embodiment, the width of the second magnetic bridge 9 is D5, length L3, two be oppositely arranged second every Maximum spacing between magnetic air gap 7 is D4
Preferably, the maximum spacing of the width of the second magnetic bridge 9 and adjacent two second between magnetic air gap 7 meet 2 < D4/D5< 4, wherein D4For the adjacent two second maximum spacing between magnetic air gap, D5For the width of the second magnetic bridge.It is such Structure can reduce the magnet steel width that magnet steel is held in the same direction, improves the width of the second magnetic bridge 9, can reduce permanent magnet synchronous motor Iron loss reduces leakage field, and effectively improves the utilization rate of magnet steel 3, promotes the overall performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Preferably, the specification of the conductive bar in cage grooves 14 is identical, is provided with end ring 10 on mouse cage 2, end ring 10 corresponding the One is provided with escape groove 11 every the position of magnetic air gap 5, and first is arranged concentrically every magnetic air gap 5 and escape groove 11.Escape groove 11 can be with It avoids the problem that mouse cage 2 occurs leaking aluminium in press casting procedure, the structural strength and security performance of rotor can be improved, be convenient for first Every the arrangement of magnetic air gap 5, and first can be made to play better magnetism isolating effect every magnetic air gap 5.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of end ring 10 is cross-section.Due to the presence of escape groove 11,11 place part of escape groove End ring 10 cross-sectional width be less than other parts end ring 10 cross-sectional width, therefore the longitudinal section in order to make end ring 10 The height of generally cross-section, the 11 place part of escape groove of end ring 10 is higher by the height of other parts, so that end ring 10 meets L1×L4=L2×L5, wherein L1For the cross-sectional width of the other parts of end ring, L4For the end ring height of the other parts of end ring, L2For the cross-sectional width of the end ring 10 of 11 place part of escape groove, L4For the height of the end ring 10 of 11 place part of escape groove.End Such cross-section structure of ring 10 is matched with the structure of magnet steel 3, allows mouse cage to charge symmetrical operation, detent torque is opposite Stablize, the asynchronous stages of motor are more reliable and more stable, can greatly promote the starting ability of motor.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the total volume of magnet steel 3 and rotor 1 is V1/V2< 0.02, wherein V1For the total volume of magnet steel, V2For the volume of rotor, in the case where limiting the ratio of the volume of total volume and rotor 1 of magnet steel 3, can make to design The performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor, starting and the composite index of demagnetization are higher, have better working performance.Rotor 1 herein Volume includes the volume of magnet steel 3.
Preferably, the size of gaps of motor meets 0.0125 < σ/D7< 0.0185 and 0.5 < σ/D6< 0.75, wherein σ is motor Air gap, D7For rotor diameter, D6For magnet steel width.In the case where meeting above-mentioned requirements, motor demagnetizes performance can be than existing side Case is higher by 0.5 times or so.
Preferably, the Edge Distance of the conductive bar end of mouse cage 2 and rotor 1 is less than 0.1mm, can be effectively reduced motor work Magnetic flux leakage during work improves the overall performance of motor.
Preferably, electric motor starting mistake can be effectively reduced greater than 0.2 in the outer diameter ratio for putting depth and rotor 1 of magnet steel 3 Cheng Zhong substantially increases the anti-demagnetization capability of motor because stator field penetrates magnet steel demagnetization problem caused by mouse cage layer.
In the present embodiment, the depth of putting of magnet steel 3 is obtained by following formula:
Wherein B0For the flux density at magnet steel surface;X is that certain is put at a distance from surface in magnet steel;Δ puts depth for magnet steel (i.e. H1 in Fig. 1);μ1For magnet steel magnetic conductivity;σ1For magnet steel conductivity.In the real work of permanent magnet synchronous motor, magnet steel 3 It puts that depth is deeper, is more conducive to the anti-demagnetization capability for improving motor.Depth is put by the magnet steel that above-mentioned formula obtains, so that The demagnetized field that stator generates can be avoided penetrating magnetite magnetic vector direction, weaken the field strength of demagnetized field, effectively improve and turn The anti-demagnetization capability of sub- magnetite.Since magnet steel 3 is generally slab construction in actual conditions, magnet steel is used in calculating process Be averaged and put depth and calculated, i.e. the vertical range at magnet steel center and rotor diameter.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor obtained through the above way uses a variety of methods and improves magnet steel utilization rate, reduces magnetic Steel dosage can effectively reduce iron loss and harmonic wave current loss, in conjunction with the design of most reasonable air gap, design height in the case of low-load The motor of effect.It is analyzed from present case, iron loss reduces by 25%, and harmonic wave eddy-current loss is reduced to 0.5% or less from 2%.
It certainly, is the preferred embodiment of the present invention above.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art For, without departing from the basic principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is characterized in that including rotor (1), it is provided with mouse cage (2) on the rotor (1), it is described It offers on mouse cage (2) cage grooves (14), is offered magnetic slot (4) on the inside of the mouse cage (2), setting in the magnetic slot (4) Have magnet steel (3), the first end of the magnetic slot (4) is provided with the first of arc every magnetic air gap (5), and described first every magnetic air gap (5) it is formed between the mouse cage (2) the first magnetic bridge (6), the described first circumferential angle shared by magnetic air gap (5) is (0.9 ~1.2) × 360/n1It spends, wherein 0.9 to 1.2 times of circumference angle of the α between two adjacent cage grooves, n1To turn Subconductivity quantity.
2. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the second end of the magnetic slot (4) is provided with Second is provided at the link position of magnetic air gap (7) and the magnetic slot (4) to the magnetic every magnetic air gap (7), described second The stop configurations (8) that steel (3) is limited.
3. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the number of the magnetic slot (4) is even number, Be oppositely arranged between the adjacent magnet steel (3), described first every magnetic air gap (5) and described first between magnetic air gap (5) are opposite Every setting, described second is arranged with described second every magnetic air gap (7) relative spacing every magnetic air gap (7), adjacent described second every The second magnetic bridge (9) are formed between magnetic air gap (7).
4. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that second magnetic bridge (9) is rectangle, described Second every magnetic air gap (7) includes along the extended segment (12) that the extending direction of the magnetic slot (4) extends and from the extended segment (12) bending segment (13) that end is bent to the rotor (1) center.
5. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the width and phase of second magnetic bridge (9) Maximum spacing of adjacent two described second between magnetic air gap (7) meets 2 < D4/D5< 4, wherein D4It is adjacent two second Maximum spacing between magnetic air gap, D5For the width of the second magnetic bridge.
6. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the rule of the conductive bar in the cage grooves (14) Lattice are identical, are provided with end ring (10) on the mouse cage (2), position of the end ring (10) corresponding described first every magnetic air gap (5) It is provided with escape groove (11), described first is arranged concentrically every magnetic air gap (5) and the escape groove (11).
7. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the longitudinal section of the end ring (10) is to wait to cut Face.
8. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the total volume of the magnet steel (3) and described turn The volume ratio of sub (1) is V1/V2< 0.02, wherein V1For the total volume of magnet steel, V2For the volume of rotor.
9. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cage grooves (14) are along the rotor (1) Axial direction be skewed slot.
10. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of gaps of the motor meets 0.0125<σ/D7< 0.0185 and 0.5 < σ/D6< 0.75, wherein σ is motor gas-gap, D7For rotor diameter, D6For magnet steel width.
11. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conductive bar end of the mouse cage (2) and institute The Edge Distance for stating rotor (1) is less than 0.1mm.
12. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that the pendulum of the magnet steel (3) The outer diameter ratio for putting depth and the rotor (1) is greater than 0.2.
13. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the depth of putting of the magnet steel (3) passes through Following formula obtains:
Wherein B0For the flux density at magnet steel surface;X is that certain is put at a distance from surface in magnet steel;Δ puts depth for magnet steel;μ1For Magnet steel magnetic conductivity;σ1For magnet steel conductivity.
14. permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that described first every magnetism Circumferential angle shared by gap (5) is α1>=α=1.1 × 360/n1Degree.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107086688A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-08-22 江苏航天动力机电有限公司 Compact asynchronous starting permagnetic synchronous motor segmented rotor structure
TWI693776B (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-05-11 台達電子工業股份有限公司 Rotor lamination and rotor assembly using same
CN112152348B (en) 2019-06-27 2022-01-04 台达电子工业股份有限公司 Rotor lamination and rotor assembly suitable for same

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