CN209105639U - A fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the surrounding environment of crop roots - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of fertilizer applicators that liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment, including the machine controller that applies fertilizer, match fertile unit with the fertilizer applicator that main pipeline water inlet end is connect is irrigated, match the fertilizer applicator that fertile unit is connect with the fertilizer applicator and infuses fertile unit, the environmental factor monitoring unit that fertile unit is connected to is infused with the fertilizer applicator by fertilizing pipeline unit, the environmental factor monitoring unit monitors the crop root surrounding signals and is transferred to fertilising machine controller, the fertilising machine controller is compared according to the signal and preset environmental factor limit value in fertilising machine controller, to control the operating status that fertilizer applicator matches fertile unit and fertilizer applicator infuses fertile unit.The utility model can the environmental factor around real-time monitoring crop root fertilizer irrigation is carried out according to the variation of the crop root ambient enviroment factor automatically, realizes the variable fertilization of real-time and precise in the case where unattended；And intelligent level is substantially increased, it has been pushed further into the development of China's modern times precision agriculture.

Description

A fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the surrounding environment of crop roots

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the surrounding environment of crop roots.

Background technique

Fertilization is one of the main ways to increase crop yield, and its three pillars are fertilizer preparation, fertilization technology and fertilization machinery. At present, my country's level of fertilizer preparation is relatively high, but the research on fertilization technology and fertilization machinery is much behind developed countries. Decrease in crop quality and even environmental problems such as water pollution.

In recent years, with the development of modern precision agriculture, variable fertilization technology has made great progress in my country due to its advantages of less fertilizer input, high product quality and yield, and low production cost. However, the current variable fertilizer applicators on the market still have problems such as low level of intelligence, inability to perform on-demand ratio of multiple fertilizers, low fertilization accuracy, and complicated operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems of complicated operation, low fertilization precision and low intelligence level, the present invention provides a fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the environment around the root system of crops.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the surrounding environment of the crop root system, comprising a fertilizer applicator controller, a fertilizer applicator fertilizer distribution unit connected to the water inlet end of the irrigation main pipeline, and a fertilizer applicator. The fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator connected to the fertilizer distribution unit of the fertilizer applicator, and the environmental factor monitoring unit connected with the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator through the fertilization pipeline unit, the environmental factor monitoring unit monitors the environmental signal around the root system of the crop and generates a It is transmitted to the fertilizer applicator controller, and the fertilizer applicator controller compares with the preset environmental factor limit value in the fertilizer applicator controller according to the signal, thereby controlling the operation state of the fertilizer applicator fertilizer distribution unit and the fertilizer application unit of the fertilizer applicator.

Preferably, the environmental factor monitoring unit includes several planting blocks connected in parallel with the fertilization pipeline unit, and each of the planting blocks is provided with at least one moisture sensor and/or salinity sensor.

Preferably, the fertilization pipeline unit includes a water outlet end of an irrigation main pipe connected to the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator, and the water outlet end of the main irrigation pipe is connected to a plurality of all irrigation branches through a plurality of irrigation branch pipes corresponding to the planting blocks. In the planting block, each of the irrigation branch pipes is provided with a fertilization electric valve electrically connected with the fertilizer applicator controller.

Preferably, the fertilizer distributing unit of the fertilizer applicator comprises a water inlet pipe connected to the water inlet end of the main irrigation pipe, a plurality of fertilizer suction devices connected in parallel with the water inlet pipe at one end, and the other ends of the plurality of fertilizer suction devices. In communication with the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator, the water inlet pipe is provided with a main electric valve electrically connected with the controller of the fertilizer applicator.

Preferably, the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator includes a water outlet pipe that communicates with several of the fertilizer suction devices, and the water outlet pipe is provided with a pH on-line monitor, and the pH on-line monitor monitors the fertilizer-water mixture at the water outlet pipe where it is located. The pH value signal is transmitted to the fertilizer applicator controller, and the fertilizer applicator controller compares the monitored pH value signal with the preset pH value, thereby regulating the opening of the fertilizer suction device, so that the fertilizer-water mixture is The concentration reaches the preset pH value.

Preferably, the water outlet pipe is also provided with an EC online monitor, and the EC online monitor monitors the EC value signal of the fertilizer-water mixture at the water outlet pipe and transmits it to the fertilizer applicator controller, and the fertilizer applicator controller will monitor the EC value signal of the fertilizer-water mixture. The obtained EC value signal is compared with the preset EC value, thereby regulating the opening of the fertilizer suction device, so that the concentration of the fertilizer-water mixture reaches the preset EC value.

Preferably, the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator further comprises a fertilizer injection pump arranged on the water outlet pipe and a frequency converter connected to the fertilizer injection pump. The flow sensor senses the flow signal at the main irrigation pipeline, and then regulates the flow and head of the fertilizer injection pump through the frequency converter.

Preferably, any one of the fertilizer suction devices includes a Venturi fertilizer suction device and a liquid storage bucket that communicates with the Venturi fertilizer suction device, and the water inlets of several Venturi fertilizer suction devices connected in parallel are connected to a water inlet pipeline , the water outlet of the Venturi fertilizer suction device is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the fertilizer suction port of the Venturi fertilizer suction device is connected to the liquid storage bucket.

Preferably, any one of the fertilizer suction devices further includes a pulse flowmeter and a fertilizer suction electric valve arranged between the Venturi fertilizer suction device and the liquid storage bucket. The Venturi fertilizer suction device, pulse flowmeter, suction The fertilizer electric valve and the liquid storage bucket are connected in sequence, and the fertilizer suction electric valve is controlled by the fertilizer applicator controller.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. A fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the surrounding environment of the crop root system provided by the present invention, the moisture sensor and the salinity sensor set in the planting block can monitor the environmental factors around the crop root system in real time, and can be used in unattended operation. Under certain circumstances, fertilization and irrigation are automatically carried out in real time according to the changes of environmental factors around the root system of crops, which can not only realize real-time and accurate variable fertilization, improve the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization, but also greatly improve the intelligent level of fertilization, and further promote the development of modern precision agriculture in China. ;

2. The present invention sets up a plurality of planting blocks, which can mix multiple fertilizers according to demand, and can also control the amount of fertilizers by region;

3. Equipped with EC and pH online monitors, which can monitor the EC and pH values of the fertilizer-water mixture in real time; a flow meter is installed on the fertilizer suction device and the main irrigation pipeline, and the concentration of the fertilizer-water mixture or EC and pH values can be set according to requirements. , and then adjust the opening of the fertilizer suction electric valve on the fertilizer suction device to control the fertilizer liquid flow value through the flow value signal, so that the concentration or EC and pH value of the fertilizer water mixture can reach the required value, which is simple to operate and easy to use;

4. Adjust the flow and head of the fertilizer injection pump through the frequency converter, so that the fertilizer injection flow of the outlet pipe can be adapted to the water flow of the main irrigation pipeline to ensure accurate fertilization accuracy;

5. Moreover, the EC on-line monitor and pH on-line monitor set by the present invention can monitor the concentration of the fertilizer-water mixture at any time, so that the opening of the fertilizer suction electric valve can be adjusted by the fertilizer applicator controller. There is no specific requirement for the pH of the solution, which solves the problem in the prior art that the required concentration of the fertilizer solution must be configured in the liquid storage tank first.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred mode of the present invention (the fertilization pipeline unit and the environmental factor monitoring unit are not shown in the figure);

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilization pipeline unit and an environmental factor monitoring unit in the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Irrigation main pipeline; 2. Water inlet pipeline; 3. Main electric valve; 4. Venturi fertilizer suction device; 5. Pulse flow meter; 6. Fertilizer suction electric valve; 7. Liquid storage tank; 8. PH online monitor; 9. EC online monitor; 10. Water outlet pipe; 11. Frequency converter; 12. Fertilizer injection pump; 13. Fertilizer controller; 14. Irrigation branch pipe; 15. Fertilization electric valve; 16. Moisture sensor ; 17. Salt sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 . The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

A fertilizer applicator that can adjust the amount of water and fertilizer according to the surrounding environment of the crop root system, comprising a fertilizer applicator controller 13, a fertilizer applicator fertilizer distribution unit connected to the water inlet end of an irrigation main pipe 1, and a fertilizer applicator connected to the fertilizer applicator fertilizer unit. A fertilizer injection unit, an environmental factor monitoring unit communicated with the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator through the fertilizer application pipeline unit, the environmental factor monitoring unit monitors the environmental signal around the crop root system and transmits it to the fertilizer applicator controller 13, the fertilizer application According to the signal, the machine controller compares with the preset environmental factor limit value in the fertilizer applicator controller, so as to control the operation state of the fertilizer distribution unit of the fertilizer applicator and the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator.

The environmental factor monitoring unit includes several planting blocks connected in parallel with the fertilization pipeline unit, and each of the planting blocks is provided with at least one moisture sensor 16 and/or a salinity sensor 17 .

The fertilization pipeline unit includes the water outlet end of the irrigation main pipe 1 connected with the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator, and the water outlet end of the irrigation main pipe is connected to several irrigation branches 14 corresponding to the planting blocks In the planting block, each of the irrigation branch pipes is provided with a fertilization electric valve 15 that is electrically connected to the fertilizer applicator controller. The fertilizer distribution unit of the fertilizer applicator includes a water inlet pipe 2 connected with the water inlet end of the irrigation main pipe 1, several fertilizer suction devices connected in parallel with the water inlet pipe 2 at one end, and the other end of the several fertilizer suction devices. Connected with the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator, the water inlet pipe 2 is provided with a main electric valve 3 electrically connected with the fertilizer applicator controller 13 . Any one of the fertilizer suction devices includes a Venturi fertilizer suction device 4 and a liquid storage bucket 7 that is communicated with the Venturi fertilizer suction device, and the water inlets of several of the Venturi fertilizer suction devices 4 connected in parallel are connected to the water inlet pipeline. 2. The water outlet of the Venturi fertilizer suction device is connected to the water outlet pipe 10, and the fertilizer suction port of the Venturi fertilizer suction device is connected to the liquid storage bucket 7; The pulse flow meter 5 and the fertilizer suction electric valve 6 between the fertilizer device 4 and the liquid storage bucket 7 are connected in turn. A plurality of them can be correspondingly provided, which can be divided into acid solution liquid storage tanks, alkaline solution liquid storage tanks, etc. The fertilizer suction electric valve 6 is controlled by the fertilizer applicator controller 13 .

Further, the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator includes a water outlet pipe 10 that communicates with several of the fertilizer suction devices, and the water outlet pipe is provided with a pH online monitor 8 and/or an EC online monitor 9, and the pH online monitor The instrument and/or EC online monitor monitor the pH value and/or EC value signal of the fertilizer-water mixture at the outlet pipe and transmit it to the fertilizer applicator controller, and the fertilizer applicator controller will monitor the pH value and/or the monitored pH value and/or the EC value signal. Or the EC value signal is compared with the preset pH value and/or EC value, thereby regulating the opening of the fertilizer suction device, so that the pH and/or conductivity of the fertilizer-water mixture reaches the preset pH value and/or EC value. The EC online monitor 9 and the pH online monitor 8 provided in the present invention can monitor the EC and pH values of the fertilizer-water mixture in real time; the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator also includes a fertilizer injection pump 12 arranged on the water outlet pipe 10 and a The frequency converter 11 connected to the fertilizer injection pump, a flow sensor is arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, and the fertilizer applicator controller 13 receives the flow signal at the main irrigation pipeline where the flow sensor is sensed, and then regulates the flow through the frequency converter 11. Describe the flow and head of the fertilizer injection pump 12. The invention adjusts the flow rate and lift of the fertilizer injection pump 12 through the frequency converter 11, so that the fertilizer injection flow rate of the water outlet pipe 10 is adapted to the water flow rate of the irrigation main pipe 1, and the accurate fertilization precision is ensured. According to the invention, a flow meter is installed on the fertilizer suction device and the main irrigation pipeline, and the concentration of the fertilizer-water mixture or the EC and pH values can be set according to the requirements, and then the opening control of the fertilizer suction electric valve 6 on the fertilizer suction device is adjusted through the flow value signal. The fertilizer liquid flow value makes the concentration of the fertilizer-water mixture or the EC and pH values reach the required values, which is simple to operate and easy to use; moreover, the EC on-line monitor 9 and the pH on-line monitor 8 set by the present invention can monitor the fertilizer-water mixture at any time. The concentration of the liquid is adjusted so that the opening of the fertilizer suction electric valve is adjusted by the fertilizer applicator controller, so there is no specific requirement for the pH of the solution in the liquid storage tank 7 .

In the implementation process, the irrigation water flows to the water inlet pipe 2 through the water inlet end of the irrigation main pipe 1, and then flows to the water outlet pipe 10 through the fertilizer suction device to form a fertilizer-water mixture, and then flows out from the water outlet end of the irrigation main pipe 1 through the fertilizer injection unit of the fertilizer applicator. , and finally flow out to each planting block through each irrigation branch pipe. The planting blocks can be set in multiple, for example, planting block A, planting block B, planting block C, etc. The environmental factor monitoring unit includes a moisture sensor 16 and a salinity sensor 17, and the moisture sensor 16 and the salinity sensor 17 are arranged in the soil around the representative crop root system of the plant block. The moisture sensor 16 and the salinity sensor 17 are electrically connected to the fertilizer applicator controller 13 through wires, and the fertilizer applicator controller 13 can receive the real-time data of the moisture sensor 16 and the salinity sensor 17, and can adjust the water and fertilizer according to the different growth stages of crops. Requirement to set maximum and minimum limits for moisture and salinity. When the monitoring data of the moisture sensor 16 reaches the minimum value, the fertilizer applicator controller 13 controls the main electric valve 3 on the water inlet pipe 2 to open, and the irrigation water enters the Venturi fertilizer suction device 4 and enters the water outlet pipe 10, and finally is injected into the main irrigation pipe At the water outlet, since the fertilizer suction electric valve 6 is closed, the fertilizer applicator only irrigates water and does not fertilize at this time. With the continuous irrigation, the water content around the root system of the crops continues to increase, and the salinity concentration continues to decrease. When the monitoring data of the salinity sensor 17 decreases to the minimum limit, the fertilizer suction electric valve 6 is opened, and the Venturi fertilizer suction device 4 stores the liquid. The fertilizer in the bucket 7 is sucked into the water outlet pipe 10 for fertilization. When the monitoring data of the salinity sensor 17 reaches the maximum limit, the fertilizer suction electric valve 6 is closed, and the fertilizer applicator stops fertilizing. When the monitoring data of the moisture sensor 16 reaches the maximum limit, the main electric valve 3 on the water inlet pipe 2 of the fertilizer applicator is closed, The fertilizer applicator stops watering.

During the working process, the fertilizer applicator controller 13 receives the flow signal of the flow sensor on the irrigation main pipe 1, and controls the working frequency of the frequency converter 11 according to the flow change of the irrigation main pipe 1, and the frequency converter 11 adjusts the flow rate and head of the fertilizer injection pump 12. , so that the fertilizer liquid flow rate of the water outlet pipe 10 is adapted to the water flow rate of the irrigation main pipe 1, so as to ensure the accurate fertilization precision.

When it is necessary to adjust the EC value or pH value, the flow sensor, the pulse flow meter 5, the EC online monitor 9, and the PH online monitor 8 transmit the information back to the fertilizer applicator controller 13, and the fertilizer applicator controller 13 continuously transmits the information according to the returned data. Adjust the opening of the main electric valve 3 and the fertilizer suction electric valve 6. When the values returned by the EC online monitor 9 and the PH online monitor 8 reach the required value, the opening of the main electric valve 3 and the fertilizer suction electric valve 6 Remaining unchanged, the fertilizer applicator has been formulating fertilizer according to this concentration or ratio.

Further, the fertilization electric valve 15 is arranged at the head end of the irrigation branch pipe 14, which can control the fertilization sequence of each planting block, and perform irrigation and fertilization in sequence from low concentration to high concentration fertilizer liquid.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that this example is only an illustration of soil cultivation technology, but is not limited to soil cultivation technology, it can also be soilless cultivation technology, such as soilless cultivation, then the environmental factor monitoring unit needs Make corresponding changes, it can be a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor and so on.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "communication" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. ground connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" and "several" mean two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred machine or element must have a specific orientation or be constructed in a specific orientation. and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been introduced in detail above. The principles and implementations of the embodiments of the present invention are described in this paper by using specific examples. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only applicable to help understand the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. To sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the fertilizer applicator that one kind can adjust liquid manure dosage according to crop root ambient enviroment, it is characterised in that: including fertilizer applicator control Device (13) processed, with irrigate the fertilizer applicator that main pipeline (1) water inlet end connect and match fertile unit, connect with fertilizer unit with the fertilizer applicator Fertilizer applicator infuses fertile unit, infuses the environmental factor monitoring unit that fertile unit is connected to, institute with the fertilizer applicator by fertilizing pipeline unit Environmental factor monitoring unit is stated to monitor the crop root surrounding signals and be transferred to fertilising machine controller (13), it is described to apply Fertile machine controller (13) compares according to the signal and preset environmental factor limit value in fertilising machine controller, to control fertilizer applicator The operating status of fertile unit is infused with fertile unit and fertilizer applicator.

2. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The environmental factor monitoring unit includes the several plantation blocks in parallel with fertilizing pipeline unit, is set in each plantation block There are at least one moisture transducer (16) and/or salt sub-sensor (17).

3. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: The fertilizing pipeline unit includes infusing irrigation main pipeline (1) water outlet, the irrigation main pipeline that fertile unit is connect with fertilizer applicator Water outlet is connected to several plantation blocks by the several irrigation branch pipes (14) being correspondingly arranged with the plantation block, each The fertilising motor-driven valve (15) being electrically connected with fertilising machine controller (13) is equipped on the irrigation branch pipe.

4. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: The fertilizer applicator match fertile unit include the water inlet line (2) be connected to described irrigation main pipeline (1) water inlet end, one end with it is described into Several suction fertilizer devices of waterpipe parallel connection, the fertile device other end of several suctions are infused fertile unit with fertilizer applicator and are connected to, the water inlet Pipeline (2) is equipped with a main motor-driven valve (3) being electrically connected with the fertilising machine controller.

5. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: It includes being equipped with one with several outlet conduits (10) inhaling fertile device and being connected to, the outlet conduit that the fertilizer applicator, which infuses fertile unit, PH on-line computing model (8), the pH value signal that the pH on-line computing model (8) passes through rich water mixed liquor at the outlet conduit of monitoring place And it is transferred to fertilising machine controller (13), the pH value signal and default pH value ratio that the fertilising machine controller will monitor It is right, to regulate and control the aperture for inhaling fertile device, rich water mixed liquid concentration is made to reach default pH value.

6. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: The outlet conduit is additionally provided with an EC on-line computing model (9), and the EC on-line computing model (9) is by monitoring at the outlet conduit of place The EC value signal of rich water mixed liquor is simultaneously transferred to fertilising machine controller (13), the EC that the fertilising machine controller will monitor Value signal is compared with default EC value, to regulate and control the aperture for inhaling fertile device, rich water mixed liquid concentration is made to reach default EC value.

7. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: It further includes the note fertilizer pump (12) on outlet conduit (10) and the change with the note fertilizer pump connection that the fertilizer applicator, which infuses fertile unit, Frequency device (11), a flow sensor is arranged on the irrigation main pipeline, and the fertilising machine controller (13) receives flow sensor The flow signal at main pipeline is irrigated at the place sensed, and then regulates and controls the flow of the note fertilizer pump (12) by frequency converter (11) And lift.

8. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: Any one fertile device of the suction includes venturi fat absorption device (4) and the liquid storing barrel (7) being connected to the venturi fat absorption device, parallel connection The water inlet of several venturi fat absorption devices (4) afterwards is connected to water inlet line (2), and the water outlet of the venturi fat absorption device connects The suction fertilizer mouth of pass-out waterpipe (10), the venturi fat absorption device is connected to liquid storing barrel (7).

9. the fertilizer applicator of liquid manure dosage can be adjusted according to crop root ambient enviroment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: Any one fertilizer device of inhaling further includes set on the pulse flowmeter between the venturi fat absorption device (4) and liquid storing barrel (7) (5), fertile motor-driven valve (6) is inhaled, the venturi fat absorption device, pulse flowmeter, the fertile motor-driven valve of suction, liquid storing barrel are sequentially connected, described Fertile motor-driven valve (6) is inhaled to be controlled by fertilising machine controller (13).