CN209094795U - Laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device - Google Patents
Laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209094795U CN209094795U CN201821434190.8U CN201821434190U CN209094795U CN 209094795 U CN209094795 U CN 209094795U CN 201821434190 U CN201821434190 U CN 201821434190U CN 209094795 U CN209094795 U CN 209094795U
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- laser
- partially welded
- welding
- signal
- sensitive zones
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the laser weldings demodulated based on coaxial optical radiation signal to be partially welded detection device, according to influence of the keyhole metamorphosis to laser beam welding phenomenon in the case of being partially welded, pass through light channel structure inside laser head and photoelectric sensing detection module, to welding area light radiation acquisition, and time frequency analysis processing is carried out to photosignal using data terminal.Device is adjusted by sensitive zones, obtains the online time frequency analysis data of suitable sensitive zones, realizes that laser welding is partially welded state recognition.Compared with prior art, the utility model is non-destructive testing, and realization device is simple with data processing method, can be widely applied to continuously be partially welded state-detection.Particularly, online laser welding can be carried out in the unconspicuous butt welding of joint gap and T-type weldering be partially welded detection.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the laser weldings demodulated based on coaxial optical radiation signal to be partially welded detection device, more particularly to
One kind adjusting device by sensitive zones, is partially welded detection dress using the laser welding of the coaxial optical radiation signal demodulation of welding process
It sets.
Background technique
Laser welding is to enable processing object melt by laser beam to be implemented in combination with a kind of required welding manner for combining effect.
When welding processing, due to loading error or combining gap track complexity, incident laser may deviate weld seam to influence to weld
Connect quality.In this regard, welding scene often carries out path of welding prediction to welding process using sensor and is partially welded state real-time detection,
Such as prediction of magneto-optic image path, machine vision path is predicted and is partially welded state real-time detection.
But in laser beam welding, path prediction is poorly suited for use in the field that can not be effectively observed path of welding
It closes, such as T-type weldering and the minimum situation of joint gap.This is because traditional path of welding prediction is needed in joint gap and laser
The center overlapping of axles of beam, the engagement track detected at this time i.e. laser beam motion track, if magneto-optic image path is predicted, machine vision
Path prediction；When T-type, which welds, to carry out, joint gap is not overlapped with the central axis of laser beam, and laser beam needs penetration one of
Welding plate is fused with another piece of welding plate, then is unsatisfactory for transmission path of welding testing conditions.In some Precision Machining occasions, due to
Higher with appearance requirement to weldquality, two jointing end face of butt welding is required finish-milling, causes joint gap minimum or even human eye
It can not capture.Go out that joint gap is difficult by Machine Vision Recognition at this time, and the precision of magneto-optic image checking is often difficult to
Meet.In addition, machine vision is higher to the cost of implementation for the real-time monitoring for being partially welded situation, image-capable is required high.
Utility model content
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model from be partially welded situation to keyhole three-dimensional configuration variation physics law go out
Hair analyzes influence of the keyhole metamorphosis to laser beam welding phenomenon, can be characterized according to the searching of laser reflecting measurement method sharp
Photocoagulation is partially welded the signal of situation.More sensing laser are carried out on this basis and weld test partially, are analyzed various signals and are being partially welded situation
Under signal characteristic, seek to detect laser being partially welded the economic implementation of situation.Analysis is found, in the case of centering welding, due to
Focal position of laser two layers of material is symmetrical, and after absorbing laser energy, keyhole wall is also symmetrical to two layers of material transmitting heat, enables
The keyhole left and right sides gradient is symmetrical, and the signal of coaxial laser reflection at this time is steady；In the case of being partially welded, focal position of laser two layers of material is not
Symmetrically, after absorbing laser energy, keyhole wall is asymmetric to two layers of material transmitting heat, enables the keyhole left and right sides gradient asymmetric, leads
Cause coaxial laser reflection signal fluctuation violent.When adjusting sensitive zones center deviation focal position, laser reflection signal at this time
It fluctuates more violent.
Accordingly, the utility model provides a kind of by sensitive zones adjustment device, and the coaxial light radiation of welding process is utilized to believe
Number demodulation laser welding be partially welded detection method.The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that
It builds a laser welding for coaxial optical signal demodulation and is partially welded light path device, comprising:
One optical fiber laser；
One optical fiber laser connection, and have the laser head for extending out optical path；
One Welding experiment workpiece is placed in below laser head, carries out Welding experiment；
The optical path that extends out of one sensitive zones adjustment device and laser head connects；
One light splitting filtration module being connect with sensitive zones adjustment device；
One data acquisition module connect with two photoelectric sensors of light splitting filtration module and carries out data acquisition；
One signal time frequency analysis system is connected with data acquisition module, is responsible for Data Management Analysis and defect recognition.
In addition, including at least one piece of half-reflecting mirror inside above-mentioned laser head in light channel structure, and put along laser outbound course
It sets before focus lamp, is placed on and is extended out in optical path comprising one piece of reflecting mirror, and the light splitting of the eyeglass and half-reflecting mirror of reflecting mirror
Face is parallel, and half-reflecting mirror and reflecting mirror are disposed perpendicular on the same plane of laser beam.
Above-mentioned sensitive zones adjust device, and inside includes the adjustable focus lamp of one piece of mounted angle and one piece of collimating mirror,
It realizes and the collected whole light radiation favored areas from welding region of laser head is exported.
Above-mentioned light splitting filtration module includes a piece of dichroscope, two panels optical filtering and two photoelectric sensors.
Above-mentioned data acquisition module includes that integrated operatinoal amplifier, bandpass filter, communication chip, storage chip and A/D turn
Change the mold block, signal projector and electrical signal.
The implementation steps of the utility model are as follows:
Step 1: on the welding experimental device that the laser welding demodulated comprising coaxial optical signal is partially welded light path device,
It is default to there is the laser welding experiment for being partially welded situation.Basis is done for the adjustment of sensitive zones；
Step 2: during the Welding experiment of step 1, carrying out coaxial optical radiation signal acquisition using laser head.It is welding
In the process, due to the violent effect of laser beam and workpiece, the metallic vapour and plasma of acute variation are generated in workpiece surface,
And there is fraction of laser light radiation reflective.Since the dynamic changes of strength variation of light radiation can effectively reflect the dynamic of keyhole interior three dimensional form
State variation, therefore using the half-reflecting mirror inside laser head, collected light radiation is transmitted to sensitive zones adjustment device.
Preferably, sensitive zones adjustment device is attached to the outside of laser head, reduces optic path to light radiation intensity wave
Dynamic influence；
Step 3: light splitting filtering being carried out to the light radiation from step 2 using light splitting filter apparatus.Sensitive zones adjustment dress
It sets and the light radiation completely or partially acquired is subjected to light splitting filtering by spectroscope and optical filter, resolve into visible optical radiation and swash
Light reflection.
Step 4: photoelectric conversion being carried out to two kinds of light radiation from step 3 using photoelectric sensor.In visible optical radiation
Photoelectric sensor is set with laser reflection output end, optical radiation signal is converted into electric signal.
Step 5: using data acquisition module to the amplification of two channel analog signals, sampling from step 4, and being transferred to number
According to terminal.Data acquisition module is accessed in photosensor output, faint electric signal is amplified, and with certain sampling frequency
Rate carries out on-line data acquisition and is sent to data terminal, obtains corresponding visible optical radiation signal and laser reflection signal.Its
In, it is seen that upper metal steam scale of construction variation caused by light signal strength variation reflection laser welding；Laser reflection signal is strong
Laser reflection intensity of the degree variation reflection from different location inside keyhole, to embody a concentrated reflection of the change of keyhole interior three dimensional form
Change.
Step 6: time frequency processing is carried out to the signal from step 5.Collected visible optical radiation is believed in data terminal
Number and laser reflection signal by software or other means carry out time frequency analysis processing, obtain the harmonic wave of signal fluctuation in short-term at
Point.Situation, the variation of the identification upper metal steam scale of construction and keyhole interior three dimensional form are formed by the harmonic wave that observation signal fluctuates
Situation of change.
Step 7: time frequency analysis data of the comparison from step 6 adjust device appropriate adjustment sensing unit using sensitive zones
Domain is to obtain suitable sensitive zones.Device is adjusted by sensitive zones and adjusts light radiation sensitive zones, enables sensitive zones center inclined
With a certain distance from focal position of laser.Synchronous workpiece welds situation and signal collected time frequency analysis data, works as laser
The high fdrequency component amplitude of signal significantly increases when offset, and high frequency components amplitude is minimum when laser alignment, fixed sensitive zones
The opposite adjustment position for adjusting device, keeps sensitive zones constant.
The medium-high frequency and sample frequency compares, it is preferable that half of the higher frequency close to sample frequency.
The sensitive zones adjust device, it is preferable that project on workpiece for that can change photoelectric sensor detection zone
Adjust device.
Step 8: under the suitable sensitive zones that step 7 obtains, by the middle height for measuring photosignal in welding process
The amplitude of frequency component changes, and realizes that laser welding is partially welded situation detection.In the case of being partially welded, data high fdrequency component amplitude obviously increases
Greatly；It is non-be partially welded in the case of, data high fdrequency component amplitude is minimum.
Implementing the beneficial effects of the utility model mainly has:
1, the utility model can carry out online laser welding in the unconspicuous butt welding of joint gap and T-type weldering and be partially welded inspection
It surveys.This is because the utility model identifies weldering to two sides metal fever transmitting symmetric case using detection keyhole indirectly from principle
Partially, it is not required to the detection by bonding station.In the unconspicuous butt welding of joint gap, sky is still remained inside joint gap
Gas influences obviously, so as to be effectively recognized the symmetry of heat transmitting out in the case of being partially welded；In T-type weldering, it is partially welded situation
Under, focal position is not waited with two lateral extent of vertical plate wall thickness direction equally influences obviously, so as to be had the symmetry of heat transmitting
Effect identification；
2, the utility model is non-destructive testing, does not interfere with to welding process, can be widely applied to continuously be partially welded
State-detection；
3, the realization device of the utility model and data processing method are simple.It is detected compared to traditional vision weld joint, no
The dependence to special inspecting equipment and recognition capability need to be reduced, is partially welded feelings to reduce by image recognition technology
The difficulty and cost of condition detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the realization process flow diagram flow chart of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the hardware system figure of one of embodiment of the utility model, which is butt welding；
In figure, 1- laser, 2- laser head, the light radiation of 21- welding zone, 22- laser, 3- sensitive zones adjustment device, 31- are passed
Sensillary area domain, 4- are divided filter module, 5- data acquisition module, 6- signal time frequency analysis system, 7- workpiece, partial view A；
Fig. 3 is the partial view A in Fig. 2, wherein 71- welding direction, the molten bath 72-, 73- keyhole and focal position；
Fig. 4 is partially welded detection data example for the one of the utility model, wherein sensitive zones center relative laser focus and weldering
Connect that direction is to the right, saturate region is the big harmonic component of amplitude.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole realities
Apply example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art institute without creative efforts
The every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
The utility model provides one kind and adjusts device by sensitive zones, and the coaxial optical radiation signal of welding process is utilized to demodulate
Laser welding be partially welded detection method.The realization process flow diagram flow chart of the utility model is as shown in Figure 1.
The embodiments of the present invention hardware system is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, comprising: an optical fiber laser 1；One and light
Fibre laser 1 connects, and has the laser head 2 for extending out optical path；One Welding experiment workpiece 7 is placed in 2 lower section of laser head, is welded
Connect experiment；One sensitive zones adjustment device 3 is connect with the optical path that extends out of laser head 2, include inclined angle-adjustable focus lamp and
The light part that optical path is extended out from laser head is acquired and is exported by collimating mirror；One point being connect with sensitive zones adjustment device
Light filtration module 4 includes two photoelectric sensors and dichroscope, and the light from sensitive zones adjustment device modulates is pressed wavelength
It is divided simultaneously photoelectric conversion；One data acquisition module 5 connect progress data with two photoelectric sensors of light splitting filtration module and adopts
Collection；One signal time frequency analysis system 6 is connected with data acquisition module, is responsible for Data Management Analysis and defect recognition.On in addition,
State and include at least one piece of half-reflecting mirror in the internal light channel structure of laser head (2), and along laser outbound course be placed on focus lamp it
Before, it is placed on and is extended out in optical path comprising one piece of reflecting mirror, and the eyeglass of reflecting mirror is parallel with the light splitting surface of half-reflecting mirror, half reflection
Mirror and reflecting mirror are disposed perpendicular on the same plane of laser beam.Wherein sensitive zones adjustment device (3), inside include one piece
The adjustable focus lamp of mounted angle and one piece of collimating mirror are realized the collected whole from welding region of laser head (2)
The output of light radiation favored area；Being divided filtration module (4) includes a piece of dichroscope, two panels optical filtering and two photoelectric sensors；
Data acquisition module (5) includes integrated operatinoal amplifier, bandpass filter, communication chip, storage chip and A/D conversion module, signal
Transmitter and electrical signal.
This example is partially welded in test experience, and workpiece 7 is butt welding.The bonding crack of preset welding direction 71 and workpiece 7
Gap is interlocked, and can be realized in the same weld seam to be partially welded situation and the non-situation that is partially welded, while facilitating carry out comparing.Weldering
When tapping into row, laser 22 and workpiece 7 are acted on, and keyhole 73 and molten bath 72 are generated on workpiece.Focal position is inside keyhole at this time.
Meanwhile the light radiation 21 that the visible light that is radiated of the metallic vapour for welding generation is combined with the laser reflection from keyhole can part
In incoming laser head 2, sensitive zones adjustment device 3 is transferred to by the half-reflecting mirror inside laser head.
Preferably, the center of sensitive zones 31 is directed at focal position by sensitive zones adjustment device 3 when experiment starts.
Remaining light radiation by sensitive zones adjustment device 3 enters light splitting filtration module 4, by internal spectroscope and filter
Light microscopic resolves into visible optical radiation and laser reflection.In this example, spectroscope selects the dichroscope of 1050nm to be divided, with
Optical filter combination filters out the laser reflection of 1080nm and the visible optical radiation of 400-700.Both radiation are respectively by photoelectric sensing
Device carries out photoelectric conversion and obtains visible light signal and laser reflection signal.
Above-mentioned two analog signal is passed in data acquisition module 5 and amplifies and sample, and input signal time frequency analysis system
System 6.The sample frequency of the present embodiment is 5000fps.This signal time frequency analysis system 6 is desktop computer.In this example, pass through
Detection and analysis software in computer carries out time frequency analysis to the visible light signal and laser reflection signal that obtain online.
Welding situation in reference piece 7 at this time, adjustment sensitive zones adjust device 3, enable the center pair of sensitive zones 31
Quasi- focal position off-focal position, so that the time frequency analysis data characteristics of Computer display are as follows: when laser offset generates, signal
High fdrequency component amplitude significantly increase；When laser alignment, high frequency components amplitude is minimum.It is fixed when changing data characteristics stabilization
Sensitive zones adjust the opposite adjustment position of device, keep sensitive zones constant.The medium-high frequency signified scope of this example is 1500-
2500。
Fig. 4 is weld seam and laser reflection signal and its time frequency analysis data under the example.It can be observed that working as weld
Significantly increased in the high fdrequency component amplitude in the state that is partially welded, time frequency analysis datagram, when welding in Shaft alignment state is, when frequency division
The high fdrequency component amplitude analysed on datagram is small and steady.Confirm that this method can effectively identify that laser welding is partially welded state.
The above is preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, without departing from the principle of this utility model, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these are improved and profit
Decorations are also considered as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. the laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device characterized by comprising
One optical fiber laser (1)；
One is connect with optical fiber laser (1) by optical fiber, and has the laser head (2) for extending out optical path；
One sensitive zones adjustment device (3) connect with the optical path that extends out of laser head (2)；
One light splitting filtration module (4) being connect with sensitive zones adjustment device (3)；
One data acquisition module (5) connect with two photoelectric sensors of light splitting filtration module (4) and carries out data acquisition；
One signal time frequency analysis system (6) is connected with data acquisition module (5), is an Industry Control calculator.
2. the laser welding according to claim 1 based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device, special
Sign is, one piece of half-reflecting mirror is included at least in the internal light channel structure of the laser head (2), and place along laser outbound course
Before focus lamp, it is placed on and is extended out in optical path comprising one piece of reflecting mirror, and the light splitting surface of the eyeglass of reflecting mirror and half-reflecting mirror
In parallel, half-reflecting mirror and reflecting mirror are disposed perpendicular on the same plane of laser beam.
3. the laser welding according to claim 1 based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device, special
Sign is that the sensitive zones adjust device (3), and inside includes the adjustable focus lamp of one piece of mounted angle and one piece of collimation
Mirror is realized and the collected whole light radiation favored areas from welding region of laser head (2) is exported.
4. the laser welding according to claim 1 based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device, special
Sign is that the light splitting filtration module (4) includes a piece of dichroscope, two panels optical filtering and two photoelectric sensors.
5. the laser welding according to claim 1 based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device, special
Sign is that the data acquisition module (5) includes integrated operatinoal amplifier, bandpass filter, communication chip, storage chip and A/D
Conversion module, signal projector and electrical signal.
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| CN201821434190.8U CN209094795U (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821434190.8U CN209094795U (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109079351A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-25 | 广东工业大学 | Laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection method and device |
| CN112453696A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 深圳市联赢激光股份有限公司 | Laser jointing device and jointing method for double components |
| CN112518122A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 广州德擎光学科技有限公司 | Laser processing piece fusion depth detection method, device and system |
| CN115106615A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-09-27 | 苏芯物联技术(南京)有限公司 | Welding deviation real-time detection method and system based on intelligent working condition identification |
-
2018
- 2018-09-03 CN CN201821434190.8U patent/CN209094795U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109079351A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-25 | 广东工业大学 | Laser welding based on the demodulation of coaxial optical radiation signal is partially welded detection method and device |
| CN112453696A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 深圳市联赢激光股份有限公司 | Laser jointing device and jointing method for double components |
| CN112453696B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2022-05-20 | 深圳市联赢激光股份有限公司 | Laser jointing device for double components |
| CN112518122A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 广州德擎光学科技有限公司 | Laser processing piece fusion depth detection method, device and system |
| CN112518122B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-05-17 | 广州德擎光学科技有限公司 | Laser processing piece fusion depth detection method, device and system |
| CN115106615A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-09-27 | 苏芯物联技术(南京)有限公司 | Welding deviation real-time detection method and system based on intelligent working condition identification |
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