CN209072955U - A kind of combined harvester of sheller unit and installation sheller unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides the combined harvester of a kind of sheller unit and installation sheller unit, including diameter regulating device, and the diameter regulating device is mounted between support width disk, for adjusting cylinder diameter of beater by eccentric shoe mechanism.The diameter regulating device includes dynamical system, sleeve, turntable, connecting rod and synchronizing wheel；Connecting rod is fixed at threshing toothed bar both ends respectively, and the connecting rod, which radially slides, to be mounted on support width disk；The sleeve is mounted on outside drum shaft, and the sleeve both ends are sequentially connected turntable respectively, uniformly distributed several grooves on the turntable, the moveable synchronizing wheel of installation in each groove；Each synchronizing wheel is connect with connecting rod, connecting rod can be made to move radially on support width disk by turntable rotation；The dynamical system is used to provide the power of sleeve rotation.The adaptability of combined harvester sheller unit is greatly improved in the mature cereal of combined harvester harvesting different cultivars, difference for the utility model, improves the production efficiency of combined harvester.

Description

A kind of combined harvester of sheller unit and installation sheller unit

Technical field

The utility model relates to combine harvester technical field or intelligent agricultural machinery technical fields, are concretely a kind of de- The combined harvester of grain device and installation sheller unit.

Background technique

Threshing cylinder is the important component of combined harvester, is cooperated in the course of work with concave grate, play by seed with The effect of stem separation.Wherein the threshing element linear velocity of threshing cylinder, drum threshing diameter on grain threshing quality influence compared with Greatly, single roller that the sheller unit of combined harvester mostly uses greatly revolving speed, diameter fixed at present, to different cultivars, different water cut Rate, the threshing adaptability of differing maturity cereal are poor, and Threshing is undesirable, to solve the above problems, scholars propose Differential roller, roller first half are low speed roller, and roller latter half is high speed rotary-drum, breach traditional sheller unit list rolling The situation of cylinder single-turn speed, sheller unit is improved using the different rotating speeds of differential roller to the adaptability of cereal, but it only changes The revolving speed of roller, it is existing there is no another important parameter --- the drum threshing diameter for considering to influence drum threshing performance The mode for changing diameter of cylinder is general are as follows: is provided with link block in drum threshing width disk and threshing toothed bar, link block, which is equipped with, to be adjusted Hole adjusts detachment roller diameter, such method time and effort consuming, functionality by position of the mobile link block on support width disk And it is imperfect and can not adjust during the work time.

Simultaneously as combined harvester manipulating object significant difference, operating environment is complicated, and traditional sheller unit result is only By manual mode can carry out grade adjusting, can not according to the differences of handling situations in real time the diameters of adjust automatically threshing cylinders with Revolving speed guarantees threshing performance, causes the threshing adaptability of combined harvester sheller unit poor, diameter of cylinder (cylinder-concave clearance) Variation to will lead to that entrainment loss in threshing course changes, the variation of drum rotation speed will lead in threshing course seed damaged The variation of rate and material circulation.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of sheller unit and installation sheller unit Combined harvester solves the existing cumbersome difficulty of combine cylinder diameter adjustment, in harvest different geographical, kind paddy When object, threshing diameter, threshing element linear velocity are single, are not able to satisfy the best harvest condition of each cereal, lead to combined harvester The problems such as threshing function adaptability is poor, transaction capabilities are unstable, providing can be according to different operating environment automatic adjusument threshing roll The sheller unit of cylinder revolving speed, threshing diameter, adjust combined harvester can according to the actual situation when harvesting different cultivars cereal Drum threshing diameter, drum rotation speed improve it and harvest adaptability, operation stability, and the threshing quality of very high cereal, reduce paddy The total loss rate of object.

The utility model is to realize above-mentioned technical purpose by following technological means.

A kind of sheller unit, including diameter regulating device, the diameter regulating device are eccentric shoe mechanism, the diameter Regulating device is mounted between support width disk, for adjusting cylinder diameter of beater by eccentric shoe mechanism.

Further, the diameter regulating device includes dynamical system, sleeve, turntable, connecting rod and synchronizing wheel；Threshing toothed bar two Connecting rod is fixed at end respectively, and the connecting rod, which radially slides, to be mounted on support width disk；The sleeve is mounted on outside drum shaft, described Sleeve both ends are sequentially connected turntable respectively, uniformly distributed several grooves on the turntable, and installation is moveable same in each groove Step wheel is rotated by turntable and changes synchronizing wheel in the radial position of groove；Each synchronizing wheel is connect with connecting rod, passes through turntable Rotation can be such that connecting rod moves radially on support width disk；The dynamical system is used to provide the power of sleeve rotation.

Further, the dynamical system includes driving unit, train and sun gear；The sleeve outer diameter is equipped with the sun Wheel, the driving unit are sequentially connected by train and sun gear.

Further, further include on-line monitoring and control system, the on-line monitoring and control system include speed probe, Displacement sensor, control system and entrainment loss sensor；The speed probe is for measuring drum shaft revolving speed；The displacement Sensor is for measuring cylinder diameter of beater；The entrainment loss sensor is located at below concave grate, for obtaining threshing cylinder Interior seed entrainment loss rate；The control system is for reading speed probe, displacement sensor and entrainment loss sensor Signal, the control system control the dynamical system.

Another sheller unit, the combined harvester variable diameters sheller unit being connected in series including two, Mei Gesuo State the independent driving of combined harvester variable diameters sheller unit, and the revolving speed of each combined harvester variable diameters sheller unit It is different.

Further, intermediate bearing is installed on the drum shaft of a combined harvester variable diameters sheller unit, it is described in Between bearing outer ring be mounted on the roller shaft end inner hole of another combined harvester variable diameters sheller unit.

A kind of combined harvester, including the sheller unit.

Another combined harvester, including the sheller unit.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model, by the diameter regulating device of eccentric shoe mechanism, The diameter of adjustable threshing cylinder.The regulative mode for adjusting drum threshing diameter is convenient and efficient, without shutdown operation and is not required to Every threshing toothed bar is dismantled, have grade regulative mode more flexible than traditional drum threshing diameter.

2. combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model, threshing cylinder is divided into two rollings of front and back different rotating speeds Cylinder, front roll revolving speed is low, and back roll revolving speed is high, and what this differential roller can effectively solve that part high-yield rice is difficult to purify asks Topic, while front and back roller installs diameter regulating device respectively, is directly controlled by speed regulating motor, can change drum rotation speed in real time.

3. the self-adaptation control method of combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model, can be according to different work ring The sheller unit of border automatic adjusument threshing cylinder revolving speed, threshing diameter makes combined harvester when harvesting different cultivars cereal Drum threshing diameter, drum rotation speed can be adjusted according to the actual situation, are improved it and are harvested adaptability, operation stability, and very Gao Gu The threshing quality of object, reduces the total loss rate of cereal.

4. the self-adaptation control method of combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model, existed by sheller unit Line Monitoring and control system carries out stepless-adjustment to threshing cylinder revolving speed and diameter according to the feedback of parameter each in operation process Section makes threshing element linear velocity and cylinder-concave clearance reach desired value, the adaptability and efficiency of crop of combined harvester is greatly improved.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is combined harvester sheller unit structural schematic diagram described in the utility model.

Fig. 2 is combined harvester sheller unit structure sectional view described in the utility model.

Fig. 3 is diameter regulating device structure chart described in the utility model.

Fig. 4 is power system architecture figure described in the utility model.

Fig. 5 is power system principle figure described in the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the utility model low speed roller and high speed rotary-drum coupling part and regulating device running part cross-sectional view.

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the self-adaptation control method of combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model.

In figure:

1- threshing cylinder；2- diameter regulating device；3- threshing head cover；4- concave grate；5- on-line monitoring and control system； 101- low speed drum shaft；102- low speed drum pulley；103- high speed rotary-drum axis；104- high speed rotary-drum belt pulley；105- threshing Ratch；106- supports width disk；107- low speed sleeve；108- high speed sleeve；109- connection protective shell；110- intermediate bearing；201- Turntable；202- synchronizing wheel；203- spline housing；204- slideway；205- coupling bar；206- connecting rod；207- stepper motor；208- planet Wheel；209- sun gear；210- connecting shaft；211- protective cover；212- battery pack；213- motor gear；214- driven wheel；215- connects Spindle gear；501- speed probe；502- displacement sensor；503- signal receiving processor；504- entrainment loss sensor.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is further described the utility model, but the guarantor of the utility model Shield range is not limited to this.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model, threshing head cover 3 are located at threshing roll 1 top of cylinder, concave grate 4 are located at 1 lower section of threshing cylinder, and the threshing cylinder 1 is the threshing cylinder of 2 series connections, In one be high speed threshing cylinder, another be low speed threshing cylinder；The high speed threshing cylinder and low speed The structure of threshing cylinder is identical, and only the revolving speed of input shaft is different.The high speed threshing cylinder includes high speed rotary-drum Axis 103, support width disk 106 and threshing toothed bar 105；103 two sides of high speed rotary-drum axis are equipped with support width disk 106, two supports Threshing toothed bar 105 is installed between width disk 106；The structure of the high speed threshing cylinder is identical.Since this is existing structure, no Same combine cylinder equipment mechanism is variant, but has all been common knowledge, therefore be not discussed in detail.This The inventive point of utility model is to install diameter regulating device 2 inside threshing cylinder, for making threshing toothed bar 105 along branch Support width disk 106 moves radially.

As shown in figure 3, the diameter regulating device 2 is considered as eccentric shoe mechanism；In high speed threshing cylinder Diameter regulating device 2 for, the diameter regulating device 2 include dynamical system, high speed sleeve 108, turntable 201, connecting rod 206 With synchronizing wheel 202；Connecting rod 206 is fixed at 105 both ends of threshing toothed bar respectively, and the connecting rod 206 radially slides installation by slideway 204 On support width disk 106；The high speed sleeve 108 is mounted on outside high speed rotary-drum axis 103 by spring bearing, the high speed set 108 both ends of cylinder are installed by spline housing 203, the outer ring of 203 inner hole of the spline housing installation spring bearing respectively；The high speed sleeve The spline housing 203 at 108 both ends is sequentially connected with turntable 201, uniformly distributed several grooves, each groove on the turntable 201 The interior moveable synchronizing wheel 202 of installation, is rotated by turntable 201 and changes synchronizing wheel 202 in the radial position of groove；It is each described Synchronizing wheel 202 is connect with connecting rod 206 by coupling bar 205, can make connecting rod 206 on support width disk 106 by the rotation of turntable 201 It moves radially, so that threshing toothed bar 105 be driven to move radially on support width disk 106；The dynamical system is for providing sleeve The power of rotation.In figure, the quantity of groove is identical as the quantity of threshing toothed bar 105, and the disk body of the turntable 201 is equipped with 6 Arc groove, the synchronizing wheel 202 are H-type；Using the turntable and H-type synchronizing wheel for having arc groove as diameter of cylinder Regulative mode, needs to overcome that friction is small in adjustment process, can effectively reduce the power consumption of regulating device, and with cunning Road, coupling bar cooperation under keep connecting rod and threshing toothed bar effectively fixed in roller rotation process, will not be to control the case where Lower generation change in displacement.Diameter regulating device 2 in the low speed threshing cylinder is identical as above structure.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the dynamical system includes driving unit, train, battery pack 212 and sun gear 209；Institute It states and is equipped with sun gear 209 on 107 outer diameter of high speed sleeve 108 and low speed sleeve, the driving unit passes through train and sun gear Transmission connection.Driving unit is stepper motor 207, and the train in figure is planetary gear 208, motor gear 213,214 and of driven wheel Connect shaft gear 215；Motor gear 213, the motor gear 213 and driven wheel are installed on 207 output shaft of stepper motor 214 engagements, the driven wheel 214 with connect the engagement of shaft gear 215, the planetary gear 208 with to connect shaft gear 215 coaxial；Institute Planetary gear 208 is stated to engage with sun gear 209；The stepper motor 207 is furnished with encoder and wireless signal receiver, the battery Group 212 is mounted in the middle part of roller and is connected with stepper motor 207.As shown in figure 5, the high speed sleeve 108 is 2 small sleeve groups At, each sleeve one end is sequentially connected by spline housing 203 and turntable 201, and each sleeve other end is respectively mounted sun gear 209, The motor gear 213 and driven wheel 214 connect shaft gear 215 and are generally aligned in the same plane, and connection shaft gear 215 is mounted on connection 210 middle part of axis, a pair of of planetary gear 208 are located at 210 two sides of connecting shaft, and sun gear 209 is engaged with planetary gear 208, the electricity Machine gear 213 drives connection shaft gear 215 to rotate by driven wheel 214, and connection shaft gear 215 drives connecting shaft 210 to rotate, even The planetary gear 208 with end shaft rotates spindle 210 respectively, and planetary gear 208 drives sun gear 209 to rotate.Pass through stepper motor 207 rotation rotates two planetary gears 208, to make 2 small sleeve rotations.In addition, protective cover 211 is mounted on stepper motor 207 and the outside of sun gear 209, the normal operation of the components such as protection stepper motor.

As shown in fig. 6, the spline housing 203 is mounted on drum shaft by spring bearing, 201 inner hole of turntable and flower Key covers the transmission connection of 203 external splines, and in the arc groove of turntable 201, the coupling bar 205 passes through synchronizing wheel 202 described in H-type The synchronizing wheel 202 and connecting rod 206 of H-type are worn, the connecting rod 206 is located in slideway 204, it is equipped with sliding bearing in the slideway 204, Can reduce connecting rod 206 in slideway 204 frictional force, reduce the resistance of motion, while by connecting rod 206 constrain in slideway center.

It is connected between the high speed rotary-drum axis 103 and low speed drum shaft 101 by intermediate bearing 110, the low speed roller 101 tail portion of axis is equipped with long 20mm diameter 30mm step, and the intermediate bearing 110 is mounted on 101 step of low speed drum shaft, described 103 sets of high speed rotary-drum axis on intermediate bearing 110, the low speed roller and high speed rotary-drum junction are equipped with connection protective shell 109 Low speed roller can be made to rotate respectively with high speed rotary-drum by installing intermediate bearing 110, it is non-interference.

It further include on-line monitoring and control system 5, the on-line monitoring and control system 5 includes speed probe 501, position Displacement sensor 502, signal receiving processor 503, control system and entrainment loss sensor 504；The speed probe 501 is used In measurement drum shaft revolving speed；Institute's displacement sensors 502 are located at roller, and one end is connected one end and sleeve phase with threshing toothed bar 105 Even, for measuring cylinder diameter of beater；The entrainment loss sensor 504 is located at 4 lower section of concave grate, for obtaining threshing cylinder Interior seed entrainment loss rate；The signal receiving processor 503 is located at 3 tail inner side of threshing head cover, signal receiving processor 503 504 signals of speed probe 501, displacement sensor 502 and entrainment loss sensor received for reading analysis；Institute It states signal receiving processor 503 and outputs signal to the control system, the control system controls the dynamical system.The letter Number reception processor 503 reads signal by wireless communication.

As shown in fig. 7, the self-adaptation control method of combined harvester sheller unit described in the utility model, including it is following Step:

The control system is believed by reading speed probe 501, displacement sensor 502 and entrainment loss sensor 504 Number, obtain the revolving speed, cylinder diameter of beater and seed entrainment loss rate of drum shaft；

Signal receiving processor 503 is to received pre- according to abnormal data substitution, Completing Missing Values, Data Denoising etc. is carried out Processing by the revolving speed of processed drum shaft, is taken off after eliminating random, uncertain factor to the influence of subsequent data analysis Grain diameter of cylinder and seed entrainment loss rate are as input signal, and the mark minimum criteria based on error co-variance matrix is to multi-source number According to asynchronous fusion is carried out, establishes multi-parameter and be associated with adaptive regulation-control model；Control system exports corresponding control signal in real time and makees The automatic adjustment of drum threshing diameter is realized for adjusting the stepper motor of drum threshing diameter, acts on adjusting low speed, height The speed regulating motor of fast drum rotation speed carrys out regulating rotation speed of drum, makes seed entrainment loss rate in the reasonable scope.

In control process: when the drum rotation speed signal that control system obtains is not within the scope of preset signals, tune can be passed through Speed motor regulating rotation speed of drum, while when the drum rotation speed signal that control system obtains is less than the upper limit value of preset signals, Illustrate that material is more in threshing cylinder 1, threshing load is larger, the stepping electricity in the diameter regulating device 2 of control system control at this time The driving rotation of machine 207, and then connection shaft gear 215, planetary gear 208 and sun gear 209 is driven to rotate, sun gear 209 passes through set Cylinder drives spline housing 203 and turntable 201 to rotate, and the rotation of turntable 201 can be such that H-type synchronizing wheel 202 is radially subjected to displacement in roller, H Type synchronizing wheel 202 moves connecting rod 206 along slideway by coupling bar 205, and the threshing toothed bar on 206 top of connecting rod can be made along roller It moves radially inwardly, drum threshing diameter can be reduced, achieve the purpose that increase cylinder-concave clearance；When drum rotation speed signal is default When in the interval range of signal, seed entrainment loss rate is detected by entrainment loss sensor 504, when seed entrainment loss rate mistake When big, 207 driving diameter regulating device 2 of stepper motor is controlled by control system and increases drum threshing diameter accordingly to reduce Cylinder-concave clearance, when drum rotation speed signal and seed entrainment loss rate in the reasonable scope when, speed regulating motor and stepper motor are not Running.

When the threshing cylinder that the threshing cylinder 1 is 2 series connections, one of them is high speed threshing roll wound packages It sets, another is low speed threshing cylinder；Control system can synchronize while increased or decrease corresponding drum threshing diameter； Seed can also be detected according to entrainment loss sensor 504 respective in low speed threshing cylinder and high speed threshing cylinder Entrainment loss rate, control system control respective corresponding drum threshing diameter respectively.

The embodiment is the preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party Formula, without departing substantially from the substantive content of the utility model, those skilled in the art can be made any apparent Improvement, replacement or modification belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of sheller unit, which is characterized in that including diameter regulating device (2), the diameter regulating device (2) is eccentric sliding Block mechanism, the diameter regulating device (2) are mounted between support width disk (106), de- for being adjusted by eccentric shoe mechanism Grain diameter of cylinder.

2. sheller unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diameter regulating device (2) include dynamical system, Sleeve, turntable (201), connecting rod (206) and synchronizing wheel (202)；Connecting rod (206) are fixed respectively in threshing toothed bar (105) both ends, described Connecting rod (206), which radially slides, to be mounted in support width disk (106)；The sleeve is mounted on outside drum shaft, the sleeve both ends It is sequentially connected turntable (201) respectively, uniformly distributed several grooves on the turntable (201), the interior installation of each groove is movably Synchronizing wheel (202) is rotated by turntable (201) and changes synchronizing wheel (202) in the radial position of groove；Each synchronizing wheel (202) it is connect with connecting rod (206), connecting rod (206) can be made to move radially in support width disk (106) by turntable (201) rotation； The dynamical system is used to provide the power of sleeve rotation.

3. sheller unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the dynamical system include driving unit, train and Sun gear (209)；The sleeve outer diameter is equipped with sun gear (209), and the driving unit is connected by train and sun gear transmission It connects.

4. sheller unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it further include on-line monitoring and control system (5), it is described On-line monitoring and control system (5) includes that speed probe (501), displacement sensor (502), control system and entrainment loss pass Sensor (504)；The speed probe (501) is for measuring drum shaft revolving speed；Institute's displacement sensors (502) are de- for measuring Grain diameter of cylinder；The entrainment loss sensor (504) is located at below concave grate (4), for obtaining the seed in threshing cylinder Entrainment loss rate；The control system is for reading speed probe (501), displacement sensor (502) and entrainment loss sensing Device (504) signal, the control system control the dynamical system.

5. a kind of sheller unit, which is characterized in that the described in any item threshing dresses of the claim 1-4 being connected in series including two It sets, each sheller unit independently drives, and the revolving speed of each sheller unit is different.

6. sheller unit according to claim 5, which is characterized in that on the drum shaft of a sheller unit in installation Between bearing (110), intermediate bearing (110) outer ring is mounted on the roller shaft end inner hole of another sheller unit.

7. a kind of combined harvester, which is characterized in that including the described in any item sheller units of claim 1-4.

8. a kind of combined harvester, which is characterized in that including sheller unit as claimed in claim 6.