CN214430215U - Harvesting machine - Google Patents
Harvesting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN214430215U CN214430215U CN202120366785.XU CN202120366785U CN214430215U CN 214430215 U CN214430215 U CN 214430215U CN 202120366785 U CN202120366785 U CN 202120366785U CN 214430215 U CN214430215 U CN 214430215U
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- harvester
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a harvester, harvester include screen cloth and cylinder, harvester still includes: the screen loss sensor is arranged at the tail part of the screen of the harvester and used for detecting screen loss data of the screen; the roller loss sensor is installed at the tail part of the axial flow roller of the harvester and used for detecting loss data carried by the roller of the roller, the sensor is installed at the tail part of the screen and the two sensors are installed at the left position and the right position of the tail part of the axial flow roller, and the three sensors detect the loss of the roller and the screen simultaneously so as to more accurately determine the loss of each part of the harvester.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, specifically relate to a harvester.
Background
Currently, after a harvester generally harvests in China, people open crushed straw leaves by hands at the back and observe the loss on the ground by naked eyes, the loss of grains can be determined only when the loss is obvious, then the corresponding position is manually adjusted, and the harvester harvests after adjusting the corresponding position. People need to follow behind to continue to observe by naked eyes, thus wasting time and energy and causing loss for farmers. In other harvesters, a loss sensor is mounted at the tail of the sorting screen to directly detect the loss of grains, the sensor is influenced by various factors such as position and fan speed, and the loss of the screen can be detected generally, so that the calculated loss rate is larger than the actual error. And according to this loss detection mode, the whole position of regulation is also different, has certain limitation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a purpose provides a harvester of more accurate definite seed grain loss.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a harvester, which comprises a screen and a roller, the harvester further comprises:
the screen loss sensor is arranged at the tail part of the screen of the harvester and used for detecting screen loss data of the screen;
and the roller loss sensor is arranged at the tail part of the axial flow roller of the harvester and used for detecting roller entrainment loss data of the roller.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the roller loss sensor includes at least 2 roller loss sensors, which are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the axial flow roller tail of the harvester.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the harvester further includes:
a loss controller electrically connected to the screen loss sensor and the drum loss sensor for receiving and processing screen loss data and drum entrainment loss data; and
and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the loss controller, the screen and the roller and is used for adjusting the opening of the screen and the proportional valve bank of the roller according to the processed screen loss data and roller entrainment loss data transmitted by the loss controller.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, vehicle control unit's signal input part is connected with the cylinder speed sensor, fan speed sensor, sieve piece aperture check out test set and the concave plate clearance check out test set electricity of harvester respectively, and vehicle control unit's signal output part is connected with the sieve motor, concave plate clearance motor, cylinder speed governing proportional valve and the fan speed governing proportional valve electricity of harvester respectively.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sieve motor includes at least one of a front sieve motor, a rear sieve motor and a rear sieve motor, wherein the front sieve motor is installed at the front sieve tail portion of the harvester, the rear sieve motor is installed at the rear sieve tail portion of the harvester, and the rear sieve motor is installed at the rear sieve tail portion of the harvester.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the concave gap motors is at least 4, and the concave gap motors are respectively installed at the left front adjusting rod, the left rear adjusting rod, the right front adjusting rod and the right rear adjusting rod outside the side wall of the harvester.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, cylinder revolution speed sensor installs in axial compressor cylinder pivot side for detect axial compressor cylinder's real-time rotational speed.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, fan speed sensor installs in fan motor pivot side for detect the real-time rotational speed of fan.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, the harvester still includes speed of a motor vehicle speed governing valves, is connected with the vehicle control unit electricity for adjust the operating speed of harvester.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, the harvester still includes the display screen, and the display screen includes control panel for acquire the control command of user to the harvester, in order to carry out the control operation to the harvester according to control command.
Through installing the sensor at screen cloth afterbody and installing two sensors in two positions about axial compressor cylinder afterbody, three sensor detects cylinder and screen cloth loss simultaneously altogether to determine the loss volume of each part of harvester more accurately, and, can also carry out automatically regulated control to positions such as sieve piece aperture, concave plate clearance, fan rotational speed, cylinder rotational speed in real time according to the testing result of loss volume, labour saving and time saving more reduces the loss of crops effectively.
Other features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic view of the installation positions of various components of a harvester according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 schematically illustrates a flow diagram of a grain loss adjustment method for a harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic circuit connection diagram of the components of the harvester according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals
100 harvester 1 vehicle control unit
2 loss controller 3 roller speed regulating valve group
5 fan proportional valve group 6 concave plate adjusting motor
7 sieve piece aperture sensor 8 speed governing valves
9 concave plate gap sensor 10 operation vehicle speed sensor
11 drum loss sensor right 12 mesh loss sensor
13 fan speed sensor, 15 roller loss sensor left
16 sieve piece regulating motor 20 drum speed sensor
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description herein is only intended to illustrate and explain embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a harvester 100 is provided. The harvester 100 comprises a vehicle control unit 1, a loss controller 2, a roller speed regulating valve group 3, a fan proportional valve group 5, a concave plate adjusting motor 6, a sieve sheet opening sensor 7, a vehicle speed regulating valve group 8, a concave plate gap sensor 9, an operation vehicle speed sensor 10, a roller loss sensor right 11, a screen loss sensor 12, a fan rotating speed sensor 13, a roller loss sensor left 15, a sieve sheet adjusting motor 16 and a roller rotating speed sensor 20. In this embodiment, the harvester may be a grain harvester, which is a machine for harvesting grains such as rice, wheat, corn, and soybean or beans, and includes a harvester, a windrower, a reaper, a grain thresher, and a grain combine harvester.
Vehicle control unit 1 is connected with loss controller 2, screen cloth and cylinder electricity, promptly, vehicle control unit 1 is connected with sieve piece accommodate motor 16 and cylinder speed governing valve 3 electricity for according to the screen cloth loss data and the cylinder entrainment loss data after the processing of loss controller 2 transmission, adjust in order to the aperture of screen cloth through adjusting sieve piece accommodate motor 16, adjust in order to the rotational speed of cylinder through adjusting cylinder speed governing valve 3. The loss controller 2 is electrically connected to the screen loss sensor 12 and the drum loss sensor for receiving and processing screen loss data and drum entrainment loss data. The loss controller 2 is mainly used for reading the kernel loss number detected by the screen loss sensor 12 and the roller loss sensor. Specifically, a screen loss sensor 12 is mounted to the tail of the screen of the harvester 100 for detecting screen loss data of the screen. The drum loss sensors at least comprise 2 drum loss sensors, such as a left drum loss sensor 15 and a right drum loss sensor 11 shown in fig. 1, which are respectively installed at the left side and the right side of the tail part of the axial flow drum of the harvester 100 and used for detecting drum entrainment loss data of the drum. Wherein, sieve piece aperture sensor 7 is used for detecting the opening value of sieve piece, and fan speed sensor 13 is used for detecting the fan rotational speed value, and concave clearance sensor 9 is used for detecting the concave clearance value, and cylinder speed sensor 20 is used for detecting the cylinder rotational speed value, and operation speed sensor is used for detecting the operation speed value of harvester 100.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a grain loss adjusting method for a harvester, which is applied to the harvester, and the method includes:
step 201, screen loss data detected by a screen loss sensor and drum entrainment loss data detected by a drum loss sensor are acquired.
And step 202, under the condition that the loss of the screen reaches a first preset value according to the screen loss data, increasing the opening of the screen.
And step 203, under the condition that the loss of the roller reaches a second preset value according to the entrainment loss data of the roller, adjusting a proportional valve group of the roller to reduce the rotating speed of the roller.
The controller may acquire screen loss data detected by the screen loss sensor and drum entrainment loss data detected by the drum loss sensor and then compare the screen loss data to a predetermined first preset value to determine the amount of screen loss. Under the condition that the loss amount of the screen is determined to reach the first preset value, the opening degree of the screen can be controlled to be increased so as to reduce the loss amount of the screen. Similarly, the controller may compare the acquired drum entrainment loss data with a predetermined second preset value to determine the amount of loss of the drum. And under the condition that the loss of the roller is determined to reach the second preset value, the proportional valve group for adjusting the roller can be controlled to reduce the rotating speed of the roller. The controller comprises a loss controller and a vehicle control unit.
Through installing the sensor at screen cloth afterbody and installing two sensors in two positions about axial compressor cylinder afterbody, three sensor detects cylinder and screen cloth loss simultaneously altogether to determine the loss volume of each part of harvester more accurately, and, can also carry out automatically regulated control to positions such as sieve piece aperture, concave plate clearance, fan rotational speed, cylinder rotational speed in real time according to the testing result of loss volume, labour saving and time saving more reduces the loss of crops effectively.
In an embodiment, as shown in a circuit structure block diagram of a grain loss adaptive adjustment system of a harvester in fig. 3, a signal input end of a vehicle controller 1 is electrically connected to a drum rotation speed sensor 20, a fan rotation speed sensor 13, a sieve opening sensor 7 and a concave gap sensor 9 of the harvester, respectively, and a signal output end of the vehicle controller 1 is electrically connected to a sieve adjusting motor 16, a concave adjusting motor 6, a drum speed regulating valve group 3 and a fan proportional valve group 5 of the harvester, respectively.
Wherein, cylinder speed sensor 20 is used for detecting the rotational speed value of cylinder, and fan speed sensor 13 is used for detecting fan rotational speed value, and sieve piece aperture sensor 7 is used for detecting the opening value of sieve piece, and concave plate gap sensor 9 is used for detecting the clearance value of concave plate. The sieve sheet adjusting motor 16 comprises at least one of a front sieve motor, a rear sieve motor and a tail sieve motor, wherein the front sieve motor is mounted at the tail part of a front sieve of the harvester, the rear sieve motor is mounted at the tail part of a rear sieve of the harvester, and the tail sieve motor is mounted at the tail part of a tail sieve of the harvester.
In one embodiment, the number of the concave plate gap motors is at least 4, and the concave plate gap motors are respectively arranged at the left front adjusting rod, the left rear adjusting rod, the right front adjusting rod and the right rear adjusting rod outside the side wall of the harvester body. The roller rotating speed sensor is arranged on the side surface of the rotating shaft of the axial flow roller and used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the axial flow roller.
In one embodiment, the grain loss adjusting method for a harvester further comprises: acquiring equipment parameters of the harvester; and under the condition that the loss amount of the screen reaches a first preset value, adjusting equipment parameters to adjust the loss amount of the screen to be lower than the first preset value.
The equipment parameters refer to parameters of various components included in the harvester, and the equipment parameters may include at least one of fan parameters and a concave clearance value of the harvester. The fan parameter includes a fan speed value. When the loss amount of the screen is determined to reach the first preset value according to the screen loss data, not only the opening degree of the screen needs to be adjusted, but also equipment parameters need to be adjusted, so that the loss amount of the screen is adjusted to be lower than the first preset value more accurately and rapidly.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the vehicle control unit 1 and the loss controller 2 are installed in a box below a secondary seat of a cab, and the loss controller 2 is mainly used for reading the grain loss numbers detected by the screen loss sensor 12, the left roller loss sensor 15 and the right roller loss sensor 11, processing the read real-time data, and transmitting the processed data to the vehicle control unit 1 through a CAN bus. The vehicle control unit 1 CAN acquire grain loss signals of the three sensors fed back by the loss controller 2 through the CAN bus to perform adaptive adjustment on the sieve plate adjusting motor 16, the roller speed regulating valve group 3, the fan proportional valve group 5, the concave plate adjusting motor 6 and the vehicle speed adjusting proportional valve 8, and judge whether to continuously adjust the related valve groups according to real-time large and small values such as a sieve plate opening value, a fan rotating speed value, a concave plate gap value, a roller rotating speed value and an operation vehicle speed value received by a signal input end of the vehicle control unit 1.
Specifically, the grain loss quantity of the screen can be detected through the screen loss sensor 12, then the screen loss sensor can upload data to the loss controller 2, the loss controller 2 can process the received screen loss data, then transmit the data to the vehicle control unit 1, and the vehicle control unit 1 can judge according to the data transmitted by the loss controller 2. If the number of the grains lost by the screen is determined to exceed the program preset value, namely exceed a preset first preset value, the vehicle control unit 1 can adjust the opening degrees of the three screen pieces of the screen, namely, the opening degrees of the screen can be increased, and then the opening degrees are uploaded to the vehicle control unit 1 according to the value fed back by the screen piece opening degree sensor to form a closed loop system, so that the screen piece opening degree value is compared, judged and adjusted. Similarly, the closed-loop control adjustment can be performed on the fan rotating speed and the concave plate gap value of the harvester until the loss value of the screen reaches the reasonable set value range, that is, until the loss of the screen is lower than a first preset value, the vehicle control unit 1 can stop adjusting the screen sheet opening motor, the wind speed rotating speed and the concave plate gap.
In one embodiment, the grain loss adjusting method for a harvester further comprises: acquiring the operation speed of the harvester; and reducing the working speed of the harvester under the condition that the working speed is higher than a speed threshold value matched with the rotating speed of the roller during working.
The operation speed refers to the running speed of the harvester in the harvesting process, and whether the running speed is matched with the rotating speed of the roller can influence the loss of the roller. Therefore, when the loss amount of the drum is adjusted, the traveling speed of the harvester needs to be adjusted accordingly. Firstly, the working speed of the harvester can be acquired, and when the working speed is determined to be higher than a speed threshold value matched with the rotating speed of the roller during working, the working speed of the harvester can be reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, drum entrainment loss data may be detected by the drum loss sensor left 15 and the drum loss sensor right 11 to determine entrained kernel loss for the drum. The roller loss sensor can upload data to the loss controller 2, the loss controller 2 processes the received roller entrainment loss data and then transmits the data to the vehicle control unit 1, the vehicle control unit 1 can judge the data transmitted by the loss controller 2, if the number of the roller entrainment loss grains exceeds a second preset value, the vehicle control unit 1 can adjust the roller proportional valve group, and upload the value fed back by the roller speed sensor to the vehicle control unit 1 to form a closed loop system, and the roller speed value is judged by comparison. When the working speed of the harvester is higher than the speed threshold matched with the rotating speed of the roller during working, the working speed of the harvester can be reduced. Conversely, if the rotating speed value of the roller is lower than the preset value, the vehicle control unit 1 can adjust the vehicle speed proportional valve to reduce the operation vehicle speed, and until the entrainment loss value of the roller reaches the reasonable value range, the vehicle control unit 1 can stop adjusting the rotating speed of the roller and the operation vehicle speed.
In one embodiment, the adjustment mode of the harvester includes at least one of a manual adjustment mode and an automatic adjustment mode; the harvester also includes a display device, and the method further includes: displaying screen loss data and drum entrainment loss data on a display device in a manual adjustment mode; acquiring a first control operation of a user on a screen and/or acquiring a second control operation of the user on a roller; and adjusting the opening of the screen according to the first control operation and the second control operation, and/or adjusting the roller proportional valve group.
The harvester has two regulation modes, namely a manual regulation mode and an automatic regulation mode. The manual adjusting mode is that an adjusting button is included in a cab of the harvester, and a driver can adjust and control the harvester through the adjusting button. The automatic adjusting mode refers to the adjusting method for the grain loss of the harvester, and can automatically adjust all parameters of the harvester according to the screen loss data and the roller entrainment loss data.
The harvester also includes a display device, the display screen includes a control panel through which a user can input control instructions for the harvester. Specifically, a user can switch to a manual adjusting mode through a trigger button, and a driver performs manual button control on corresponding electromagnetic valves to perform control adjustment according to the screen mesh loss number and the roller entrainment loss number displayed by a display screen in a cab. The control operation of the user for the screen is called a first control operation, the control operation of the user for the roller is called a second control operation, and after the first control operation of the user for the screen and the second control operation of the roller are received, the vehicle control unit can correspondingly adjust the opening degree of the screen and/or adjust the roller proportional valve group.
The specific manual operation process comprises the following steps: if the screen cloth loss number is too much, the screen cloth loss reaches first default promptly, the driver can judge according to the site operations condition, carry out the sieve piece aperture through the three button of sieve piece aperture adjustment button (preceding sieve, back sieve, tail sieve) above the control panel and adjust, carry out the wind speed size through the wind speed rotational speed adjustment button above the control panel and adjust, adjust through four concave board clearance motors of concave board clearance adjustment button (concave board clearance left front, concave board clearance left back, concave board clearance right front, concave board clearance right back) above the control panel. If the display screen shows that the number of the entrainment losses of the roller is too large, namely the loss of the roller reaches a second preset value, a driver can carry out roller speed regulation control through a roller rotating speed increasing and decreasing button on the control panel, and if the display screen shows that the rotating speed value of the roller is too low, the driver properly reduces the speed of the vehicle through the electric control handle. In the manual mode, a driver can realize man-machine interaction through the control panel according to related information displayed by the display screen so as to realize the control operation of the harvester.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A harvester comprising a screen and a drum, characterized in that the harvester further comprises:
the screen loss sensor is arranged at the tail part of the screen of the harvester and used for detecting screen loss data of the screen;
and the roller loss sensor is arranged at the tail part of the axial flow roller of the harvester and used for detecting roller entrainment loss data of the roller.
2. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the drum loss sensors comprise at least 2 drum loss sensors respectively mounted on the left and right sides of an axial flow drum tail of the harvester.
3. A harvester according to claim 1, further comprising:
a loss controller electrically connected to the screen loss sensor and the drum loss sensor for receiving and processing the screen loss data and the drum entrainment loss data; and
and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the loss controller, the screen and the roller and is used for adjusting the opening of the screen and the proportional valve bank of the roller according to the processed screen loss data and the roller entrainment loss data transmitted by the loss controller.
4. The harvester of claim 3, wherein the signal input end of the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the drum rotation speed sensor, the fan rotation speed sensor, the sieve sheet opening degree detection device and the concave plate gap detection device of the harvester, and the signal output end of the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the sieve motor, the concave plate gap motor, the drum speed regulation proportional valve and the fan speed regulation proportional valve of the harvester.
5. The harvester of claim 4, wherein the screen motor includes at least one of a front screen motor mounted to a front screen tail of the harvester, a rear screen motor mounted to a rear screen tail of the harvester, and a rear screen motor mounted to a rear screen tail of the harvester.
6. The harvester of claim 4, wherein the number of the concave plate gap motors is at least 4, and the concave plate gap motors are respectively arranged at a left front adjusting rod, a left rear adjusting rod, a right front adjusting rod and a right rear adjusting rod outside the side wall of the harvester body.
7. The harvester of claim 4, wherein the drum speed sensor is mounted on a side of a rotating shaft of the axial flow drum for detecting a real-time speed of the axial flow drum.
8. The harvester of claim 4, wherein the fan speed sensor is mounted to a side of a fan motor shaft for detecting a real-time speed of the fan.
9. The harvester of claim 3, further comprising a speed governing valve assembly electrically connected to the vehicle control unit for regulating the operating speed of the harvester.
10. The harvester of claim 1, further comprising a display screen including a control panel for obtaining user control instructions for the harvester to perform control operations for the harvester according to the control instructions.
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CN202120366785.XU CN214430215U (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Harvesting machine |
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CN202120366785.XU CN214430215U (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Harvesting machine |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114846992A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-05 | 潍柴雷沃重工股份有限公司 | Loss detection and adjustment method and system for crop harvesting and harvester |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114846992A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-05 | 潍柴雷沃重工股份有限公司 | Loss detection and adjustment method and system for crop harvesting and harvester |
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