CN209070817U - Copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field - Google Patents
Copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN209070817U CN209070817U CN201821282549.4U CN201821282549U CN209070817U CN 209070817 U CN209070817 U CN 209070817U CN 201821282549 U CN201821282549 U CN 201821282549U CN 209070817 U CN209070817 U CN 209070817U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- copper rod
- photoelectric sensing
- correlation photoelectric
- support bar
- experiment instrument
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of copper rods in magnetic field stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument, including the fixed stringer of electric cabinet, experiment instrument pedestal, photoelectric sensor, copper rod track support rod, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver support rod, copper rod guide rail, the big coil of rectangle, energization copper rod and the light-blocking copper foil of conductive rectangle；Experiment instrument pedestal is made of front and back stringer and the interconnection of left and right crossbeam, and experiment instrument pedestal lower end is equipped with pedestal leveling support leg；Correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar and correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar are individually fixed in the center of the left and right crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal.The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model uses electric cabinet constant-current source to provide the electric current of variation for coil, to generate changing magnetic field, the size of current of constant-current source can be shown by display screen, the variation of size of current and direction can be that coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob to realize by the constant-current source with specific function.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to physical experiments engineering device technique field, and in particular to a kind of copper rod stress demonstrating in magnetic field
With quantitative measurment experiment instrument.
Background technique
In physics teaching in secondary school, electrified wire will receive the effect of magnetic field force in magnetic field, and this Impact direction is root
Judge according to left hand rule, the size of power is directly proportional to magnetic field strength, directly proportional to by current in wire and conductor length at
Direct ratio, it can it is indicated with formula F=BIL, which is an extremely important content in middle school teaching, however for
It just steps into for the student in middle school, initial contact to this partial content and sets foot in these concepts, the universal indigestion of student, short
It is even more impossible to flexibly grasp with comprehensive in time.According to the teaching rule of physics, to allow student to grasp quickly and ripe energy is ripe skilful,
Explanation in addition to teacher to do a large amount of corresponding topics, in fact, very crucial one aspect, it is desired nonetheless to teacher should by demonstration
Physical phenomenon allows observation of students or demonstration of taking action on one's own to observe, and then deepens the understanding to the concept, veritably recognizes logical
The magnetic field force that electric lead is subject to is really directly proportional to tri- physical quantitys of B, I, L, and judges the direction of electrified wire stress, adopts
The correctness judged with left hand rule.
Just at present, in physics teaching in secondary school, physical experiment apparatus used is several nothing more than, and first, using horse
Horsehoe magnet provides magnetic field, hangs up copper rod using copper wire at copper rod both ends, demonstrates stress by copper rod pivot angle size
A kind of homemade experimental demonstration instrument of size；Second, energization copper rod is also placed in the magnetic field of horseshoe magnet offer, and one
Copper rod is placed on the one kind for judging stress size as the speed that on the guide rail of guide rail, observation copper rod is accelerated using two copper rods
Make demonstration test instrument by oneself.Making a general survey of these experiment instruments is qualitatively to demonstrate, or can only only change sense of current, is existed all
More drawbacks, such as: first, the size in magnetic field and the direction in magnetic field can not be changed, while magnetic field is unable to consecutive variations；Second, it is real
Test guide rail and be commonly fixed width, be difficult the length that demonstration changes energization copper rod, although can change energization copper rod length,
It is highly desirable to be that experiment instrument structure is not, experiment inaccuracy, operate it is also inconvenient；Third, these experiment instruments are universal only
Qualitative experiment can be demonstrated, quantitative experiment can not be carried out at all, or it is even more impossible to demonstrate multiple quantitative experiments；4th, it can not survey
Measure energization copper rod acceleration of the instantaneous velocity of a certain position and a certain section of motion process in magnetic field；5th, it is unable to measure
The size of hot-wire coil average magnetic field；6th, it can not qualitatively measure what energization copper rod generated on copper rod during the motion
Induced electromotive force size.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome deficiency in the prior art, provide a kind of copper rod in magnetic field stress demonstrating with
Quantitative measurment experiment instrument.
This copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, including electric cabinet, experiment instrument pedestal, photoelectric transfer
Sensor fix stringer, copper rod track support rod, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver support rod, copper rod guide rail, the big coil of rectangle,
Energization copper rod and the light-blocking copper foil of conductive rectangle；
Experiment instrument pedestal is made of front and back stringer and the interconnection of left and right crossbeam, and experiment instrument pedestal lower end is leveled equipped with pedestal
Supporting leg；Correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar and correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar are individually fixed in reality
Test the center of the left and right crossbeam of instrument pedestal；Correlation photoelectric sensor left and right sidesing post corresponds to pedestal of lower end frame or so cross
The fixed stringer of lower photoelectric sensing transmitter is provided among beam, correlation photoelectric sensor left and right sidesing post upper end is provided with glazing
The fixed stringer of electric sensing receiver；First correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter are fixed on
The corresponding position of the fixed stringer of lower photoelectric sensing transmitter, and the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire of the two
Electric cabinet is connected respectively to the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire to correspond on binding post；First correlation photoelectricity
Sensing receiver and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver are fixed on the corresponding position of the fixed stringer of photoelectric sensing receiver,
And the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire of the two and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire
Electric cabinet is connected respectively to correspond on binding post；
The big coil of rectangle is placed among experiment instrument pedestal, the inflow coil current connecting wire of the big coil of rectangle and
Outflow coil current connecting wire is connected respectively on the corresponding binding post of electric cabinet；Preceding copper rod track left support bar and rear copper rod rail
The support leg of road left support bar is individually fixed in the left crossbeam front and back end of experiment instrument pedestal and about the centrosymmetric phase of left crossbeam
Answer position, the support leg of preceding copper rod track right support bar and rear copper rod track right support bar is individually fixed in the right cross of experiment instrument pedestal
Beam front and back end and about the centrosymmetric corresponding position of right crossbeam；Preceding copper rod guide rail and rear copper rod guide rail are separately mounted to corresponding
On the corresponding sleeve column of preceding copper rod track left and right sidesing post and rear copper rod track left and right sidesing post upper end, front and back copper rod guide rail is close to
The big coil upper surface of rectangle and in the same plane；It is disposed vertically energization copper rod on preceding copper rod guide rail and rear copper rod guide rail,
Energization copper rod is equipped with the light-blocking copper foil of conductive rectangle；Preceding copper rod guide rail and rear copper rod guide rail pass through preceding copper rod guide rail respectively and connect
It connects conducting wire and rear copper rod guide rail connecting wire is connected to electric cabinet and corresponds on binding post.
As preferred: the support leg of correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar is before the left crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal
The mobile slideway of copper rod guide supporting foot is inserted in the center of left crossbeam afterwards, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar from
The mobile slideway of the front and back copper rod guide supporting foot of the right crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal is inserted in the center of right crossbeam, two support rods
Fixed screw is respectively adopted to fix.
As preferred: the support leg of preceding copper rod track left support bar and rear copper rod track left support bar is respectively from experiment instrument bottom
It is inserted in the mobile slideway of the front and back copper rod guide supporting foot of the left crossbeam of seat in left crossbeam and about the centrosymmetric phase of left crossbeam
Position is answered, two support rods are fixed using fixed screw, the center of preceding copper rod track left support bar and rear copper rod track left support bar
Spacing is the effective length L value of energization copper rod；The support leg of preceding copper rod track right support bar and rear copper rod track right support bar point
From being inserted in the mobile slideway of the front and back copper rod guide supporting foot of the right crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal to right crossbeam in and about right crossbeam
Centrosymmetric corresponding position, two support rods are fixed using fixed screw, and preceding copper rod track right support bar and rear copper rod track are right
The center spacing of support rod is the effective length L value of energization copper rod.
As preferred: preceding copper rod guide rail and rear copper rod guide rail be separately mounted to corresponding preceding copper rod track left and right sidesing post and
It is fixed on the corresponding sleeve column in copper rod track left and right sidesing post upper end and using fixed screw afterwards.
As preferred: the fixed lasso in left and right two of the upper fixed stringer of photoelectric sensing receiver is respectively fitted over correlation photoelectricity
It is on sensing receiver left support bar and the sleeve column on correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar top and solid by fixed screw
It is fixed.
As preferred: the graduated scale and lower photoelectric sensing transmitter of the upper fixed stringer of photoelectric sensing receiver fix stringer
Graduated scale corresponds up and down, the scale position of the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver
It sets corresponding with the graduation position of the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter respectively.
As preferred: electric cabinet includes electric control box power switch, electric cabinet indicator light, correlation photoelectric sensing time showing
Switch, correlation photoelectric sensing time display screen, constant-current source are that coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob, constant-current source electricity
It flows big small display and constant-current source and provides current direction and size increase and decrease knob for energization copper rod.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, the utility model uses electric cabinet constant-current source to provide the electric current of variation for coil, permanent to generate changing magnetic field
The size of current in stream source can show that the variation of size of current and direction can be by with specific function by display screen
Constant-current source be that coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob to realize, i.e. the button, which bounces, provides positive electricity for coil
It flows, subdue and provide reverse current for coil, no matter provide forward current or reverse current, knob rotates clockwise electric current and holds
Continuous to increase, rotatory current counterclockwise persistently reduces, and judges that the direction of active force provides conveniently for verifying left hand rule.
2, preceding copper rod guide rail and rear copper rod guide rail spacing can change about pedestal or so crossbeam central symmetry, support rod foot
Energization copper rod guide rail spacing can be changed by sliding in sliding slot, the accurate distance between the copper rod guide rail of front and back can be the bottom of at
It is read on seat or so the millimeter graduated scale of crossbeam.
3, the experiment instrument uses two correlation photoelectric sensors, is able to measure energization copper rod and penetrates by two ats at
The movement instantaneous velocity of formula photoelectric sensor, and according to the spacing of two sensors, calculate adding for energization copper rod motion process
Speed, so as to calculate the average magnetic field size and active force of the energization copper rod in magnetic field of hot-wire coil generation.
4, the experimental provision uses electric cabinet, which contains the constant current for coil with electric current direction and size
Source with for energization copper rod provide the constant-current source of current direction and size, providing electric current for copper rod is the ingenious transmission of electricity by guide rail,
Avoid using conducting wire be connected directly between copper rod both ends will caused by the mutual wrapping phenomena of conducting wire；Electric cabinet is also provided with simultaneously
Photo-electric display emits to when blocking of light of reception emission sensor due to energization rectangular sheet to show in time
Between, to provide time parameter by the instantaneous velocity of correlation photoelectric sensor position to calculate copper rod.
5, the experiment instrument can do illustrative experiment and do quantitative experiment, can measure energization by quantitative experiment
Copper rod institute's stress size in magnetic field, coil current generate average field strength and energization copper rod uniform motion when in magnetic
Induced electromotive force size caused by.
6, the relationship in formula F=BIL between active force and each physical quantity of equation right end can be demonstrated: first, electric current
I, when length L is constant, as magnetic field B increases, active force increases, when magnetic direction changes, energization copper rod institute Impact direction phase
Instead；Second, when magnetic field B, electric current L are constant, electric current I increases, and active force increases, when the current direction changes, force direction
On the contrary；Third changes energization copper rod length L, active force changes, when energization copper rod length when magnetic field B, electric current I are constant
When L increases, active force increases, and when length L reduces, active force reduces.
7, the experiment instrument is ingenious in design, structurally reasonable, is a comprehensive experiment instrument.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the utility model experiment instrument overall structure front view；
Fig. 2 is the structures right views such as leveling support leg, pedestal, coil, support rod and photoelectric sensor；
Fig. 3 is the utility model experiment instrument overall structure top view；
Fig. 4 is the structure top views such as pedestal, support rod, photoelectric sensor and fixed stringer；
Fig. 5 is the enlarged plan views such as pedestal supporting leg, left and right crossbeam, photoelectric sensor support rod and sliding slot, graduated scale；
Fig. 6 is the structure top view of upper photoelectric sensor and fixed stringer and fixed lasso；
Fig. 7 is the structure top view of front and back copper rod guide rail and fixed lasso；
Fig. 8 is that (a is copper rod rail for the structural schematic diagram of copper rod track support rod and correlation photoelectric sensing receiver support rod
The structural schematic diagram of road support rod, b are the structural schematic diagram of correlation photoelectric sensing receiver support rod)；
Fig. 9 is the structure top view of energization copper rod (containing the light-blocking copper foil of intermediate conductive rectangle)；
Figure 10 is copper rod track, copper rod, the fixed stringer of photoelectric sensor and line schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the structure front view of electric cabinet.
Description of symbols: 1, electric cabinet, 1-0, electric control box power switch, 1-1, electric cabinet indicator light, 1-2, correlation
Photoelectric sensing time showing switch, 1-3, correlation photoelectric sensing time display screen, 1-4, constant-current source are coil with electric current side
To with size increase and decrease knob, the big small display of 1-5, constant current source current, 1-6, constant-current source for energization copper rod provide current direction and
Size increase and decrease knob, 2, experiment instrument pedestal, 2-0, pedestal leveling support leg, the mobile slideway of 2-00, front and back copper rod guide supporting foot,
The left crossbeam scale of 2-1, pedestal, the right crossbeam scale of 2-2, pedestal, 2-10, sliding slot section, 3, lower photoelectric sensing transmitter it is fixed vertical
Beam, 3-1, the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter, 3-2, the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter, 3-10, the first correlation
Photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire, 3-20, the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire, 4, the reception of upper photoelectric sensing
Device fixes stringer, and the fixed lasso of the fixed stringer of 4-00, upper photoelectric sensing receiver, 4-1, the first correlation photoelectric sensing receive
Device, 4-2, the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver, 4-10, the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire, 4-20,
Two correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wires, 5-1, preceding copper rod track left support bar, 5-01, preceding copper rod track left support bar
Foot, 5-02, preceding copper rod track left support bar foot fixed screw, 5-04, front and back copper rod guide rail fixing sleeve snare column, 5-05, front and back
Copper rod track fixes lasso fixed screw, 5-10, rear copper rod track left support bar, 5-11, rear copper rod track left support bar foot, 5-
12, rear copper rod track left support bar foot fixed screw, 5-2, preceding copper rod track right support bar, 5-20, rear copper rod track right support
Bar, 5-21, preceding copper rod track right support bar foot, 5-22, preceding copper rod track right support bar foot fixed screw, 5-25, rear copper rod rail
Road right support bar foot, 5-26, rear copper rod track right support bar foot fixed screw, 6-1, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support
Bar, the fixed stringer left support bar foot of 6-11, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver, 6-12, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver are fixed
Stringer left support bar foot fixed screw, the fixed stringer fixing sleeve snare column of 6-05, upper photoelectric sensing receiver, 6-06, upper photoelectricity
The fixed lasso fixed screw of the fixed stringer of sensing receiver, 6-2, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar, 6-21, to penetrating
Formula photoelectric sensing receiver fixes stringer right support bar foot, the fixed stringer right support bar of 6-22, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver
Foot fixed screw, 7-1, preceding copper rod guide rail, 7-2, rear copper rod guide rail, the fixed lasso of 7-00, front and back copper rod guide rail, 7-10, preceding copper
Stick guide rail connecting wire, 7-20, rear copper rod guide rail connecting wire, 8, the big coil of rectangle, 8-1, inflow coil current connection are led
Line, 8-2, outflow coil current connecting wire, 10, energization copper rod, 10-0, the light-blocking copper foil of conductive rectangle.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described further below with reference to embodiment.The explanation of following embodiments is only intended to help to manage
Solve the utility model.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from the utility model principle
Under the premise of, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model, these improvement and modification also fall into the utility model
In scope of protection of the claims.
The copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, comprising: electric cabinet 1, experiment instrument pedestal 2,
Photoelectric sensor fixes stringer, copper rod track support rod, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver support rod, copper rod guide rail, rectangle
Big coil 8, energization copper rod 10, the light-blocking copper foil 10-0 of conductive rectangle, as shown in Figure 1.
4 pedestal leveling support leg 2-0 of 2 lower end of experiment instrument pedestal are installed, experiment instrument pedestal 2 by front and back stringer with
Experiment instrument pedestal 2 is tuned into horizontal (adopt using pedestal leveling support leg 2-0 by the mutually ingenious connection group quadrangularly of left and right crossbeam
It is examined with horizontal ruler)；By the support leg of correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar 6-1 from the left cross of experiment instrument pedestal 2
Beam slideway is inserted in the center of left crossbeam, by the support leg of correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar 6-2 from experiment
The right crossbeam slideway of instrument pedestal 2 is inserted in the center of right crossbeam, and fixed screw is respectively adopted and fixes tightly, such as the institute of Fig. 1,2,3
Show.
According to the spacing of the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-2 and
First correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-2 are fixed on lower light by status requirement
The corresponding position (remembeing corresponding scale value) of the fixed stringer 3 of electric sensing transmitter, and by the first correlation photoelectric sensing of the two
It is corresponding that transmitter connecting wire 3-10 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire 3-20 is connected respectively to electric cabinet 1
On binding post, as shown in Fig. 4,3,1.
The big coil 8 of rectangle is placed on experiment instrument pedestal 2 on corresponding position, and the inflow line of the big coil 8 of rectangle
Loop current connecting wire 8-1 and outflow coil current connecting wire 8-2 are connected respectively on the corresponding binding post of electric cabinet 1, so as to
Electric cabinet constant-current source is coil power supply, to generate magnetic field, as shown in Fig. 2,3,1.
By the support leg of preceding copper rod track left support bar 5-1 and rear copper rod track left support bar 5-10 respectively from experiment instrument bottom
It is inserted in sliding slots before and after the left crossbeams of seat 2 in left crosstic shoe and about the centrosymmetric corresponding position of left crossbeam, is allowed to preceding copper
Stick track left support bar 5-1 and rear copper rod track left support bar 5-10 center spacing (can be obtained from graduated scale accurately away from
From) be energization copper rod needed for testing effective length L value, and it is preceding copper rod track left support bar 5-1 and rear copper rod track is left
Support rod 5-10 screws tight fixation using fixed screw；Again by preceding copper rod track right support bar 5-2 and rear copper rod track right support bar
The support leg of 5-20 respectively from being inserted in sliding slot before and after experiment instrument pedestal 2 right crossbeam to right crosstic shoe in and about central symmetry
Corresponding position, be allowed to preceding copper rod track right support bar 5-2 and the rear center copper rod track right support bar 5-20 spacing (from graduated scale
On can obtain accurate distance) be energization copper rod needed for testing effective length L value, by copper rod track right support bar 5-2 with
Copper rod track right support bar 5-20 is respectively adopted fixed screw and screws tight fixation afterwards, as shown in Fig. 2,3,4,5,8,1.
Preceding copper rod guide rail 7-1 and rear copper rod guide rail 7-2 are separately mounted to corresponding preceding copper rod track left and right sidesing post again
On sleeve column corresponding with rear copper rod track left and right sidesing post upper end, front and back copper rod guide rail is close to big 8 upper surface of coil of rectangle
And in the same plane, and one by one fixation is screwed tight using fixed screw；It hangs down on preceding copper rod guide rail 7-1 and rear copper rod guide rail 7-2
It is straight to place energization copper rod 10, it is intermediate on energization copper rod 10 to be equipped with the light-blocking copper foil of conductive rectangle；Preceding copper rod guide rail 7-1 and rear copper
Preceding copper rod guide rail connecting wire 7-10 is respectively adopted in stick guide rail 7-2 and rear copper rod guide rail connecting wire 7-20 is connected to electric cabinet 1
It is that the sliding copper rod being connected with copper rod guide rail is powered by electric cabinet constant-current source, such as Fig. 3,2,1,7,9,10 on corresponding binding post
It is shown.
The fixed lasso in left and right two of the fixed stringer 4 of upper photoelectric sensing receiver is respectively fitted over correlation photoelectric sensing to connect
It receives on device left support bar 6-1 and the sleeve column on the top correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar 6-2, fixed screw is respectively adopted
Screw tight fixation；On the graduated scale of fixed 4 graduated scale of stringer of upper photoelectric sensing receiver and the fixed stringer 3 of lower photoelectric sensing transmitter
Lower one-to-one correspondence, according to the scale of the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-2
First correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-2 is corresponded to and is fixed by position；From automatically controlled
First correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire 3-10 of the extraction of case 1, the connection of the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter are led
Line 3-20 is connected with the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-2 respectively, from electricity
The first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire 4-10 that control case 1 is drawn is connect with the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver
Conducting wire 4-20 is connected with the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-1 with the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-2 respectively, makes
The first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-1 and the light of the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-2 transmitting can just be by the
One correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-1 is corresponding with the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-2 to be received；First correlation photoelectricity
The light of sensing transmitter 3-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter 3-2 transmitting is by the light-blocking copper foil 10-0 of conductive rectangle
Light-blocking, light-blocking information is connect by the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-1 and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver 4-2 respectively
It receives, is connect lead with the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver by the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire 4-10 respectively
Line 4-20 is transferred in electric cabinet 1, to show the light-blocking time, on a display screen in order to provide energization copper rod is calculated by predetermined
The movement velocity of position, as shown in Fig. 6,10,9,8,5,4,3,2,1.
One, this experiment instrument privileged sites structure and principle
1, the production of energization copper rod.Use the energization rectangle scale copper of reasonable size among energization copper rod, copper rod with it is thin
Copper sheet connection is conductive, it is desirable that scale copper cross-sectional area is equal with copper rod cross-sectional area, and scale copper is played to correlation photoelectric sensing
Device light blocking effect, scale copper width can be measured using vernier caliper, according to shown gear from electric cabinet photo-electric display
Between light time, so that it may calculate the instantaneous velocity that energization copper rod moves to photoelectric sensor position.
2, the determination of rectangular coil size and number of turns is the needs according to particular experiment, carries out specific system
Make and coiling.
3, electric cabinet constant-current source function.This big small display of constant current source current can be shown as the offer of energization copper rod simultaneously
Constant current source current, and can be coil with electric current.Wherein, constant-current source is that coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob 1-
4 be multipurpose knob, bounces and is expressed as coil offer forward current, subdues and provide reverse current for coil, no matter provide
Forward current or reverse current rotate clockwise the knob electric current and increase, and rotatory current counterclockwise reduces；Constant-current source is
Energization copper rod provides current direction and size increase and decrease knob 1-6 bounces and provides forward current for copper rod, subdues and mentions for copper rod
For reverse current, forward current or reverse current no matter are provided, electric current is rotated clockwise and increases, rotatory current counterclockwise is equal
Reduce.
4, electric cabinet photoelectric sensor fluorescent screen display function, as long as meeting two light-blocking originals of correlation photoelectric sensor
It manages, will successively show two correlation photoelectric sensors by the light-blocking time on photoelectric sensing display screen, photoelectric sensing is shown
Switch plays the role of clearing, if fluorescent screen is shown again, as long as will continue to next time successively show after clicking button clearing
Copper rod passes through the light-blocking time of two photoelectric sensors.
5, the coil in magnetic field is provided for experiment, coil used in the experiment instrument is a kind of very much like with experiment instrument pedestal
The height of the special coil of rectangle, coil is appropriate, and the width of coil is identical as experiment instrument base width；The length of coil is needed according to logical
Electrolytic copper stick is accelerated by magnetic force, while can finally reach at the uniform velocity and can continue a distance and be preferred, to determine
The length of coil；The number of turns of coil is that the particular requirement progress coiling of magnetic field size, coil electricity are provided according to required for experiment instrument
Stream is provided using electric cabinet constant-current source, and coil current successively can become larger and reduce, to enable coil to generate a change
The magnetic field of change.
6, correlation photoelectric sensor module.Correlation photoelectric sensor is made of three parts: being transmitter respectively, is received
Device and detection circuit.Laser diode launches feux rouges as transmitter, and receiver is photodiode, transmitter and reception
Device spacing can be 1m or even reach several meters and can also play a role, and optical element aperture is housed on front side of receiver, after receiver
Face uses detection circuit, it can filter out useful signal and apply the signal.When object passes through between transmitter and receiver, light
Line is cut off, and receiving end will output signal.
7, it is emphasized that: experiment instrument pedestal, support rod, coil winding frame and fixed screw are using plastics material
Material production, in order that the structure that these materials are constituted is unlikely to influence the magnetic field that hot-wire coil generates；It furthermore is exactly rectangle line
The width of circle is almost the same with base width, and guide rail spacing maximum width should be less than or equal to coil inboard width, still, line
Circle length will determine that coil length can be than the length that has designed more according to the needs of experiment instrument manufacturing process test situation
It is long, it might even be possible to guide supporting bar and correlation photoelectric sensor support rod are included on the inside of coil length, perhaps can in this way
It can be more preferable to the experiment effect tested using the experiment instrument.
Two, the experimental principle and experimental method of this experiment instrument
1, lecture experiment (correctness including demonstrating left hand rule)
Energization copper rod is in magnetic field by the theoretical calculation formula of active force
F=BIL ... (1)
In formula, B indicates that magnetic induction intensity, I indicate that electrical current, L indicate the energization copper rod length in magnetic field.
(1) constant current source current I, the copper rod length L (adjusting front and back copper rod guide supporting leg spacing) for keeping copper rod to provide are no
Become, is that (constant-current source is that coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob 1-4 are clockwise for coil with electric current increase by constant-current source
Rotation), i.e., the magnetic field B that coil generates increases, and active force suffered by energization copper rod increases, and copper rod movement is accelerated；If magnetic direction phase
Instead (constant-current source is that coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob 1-4 and subdue), copper rod is transported along with original opposite direction
It is dynamic；
(2) keep magnetic field size (i.e. coil current size) B, energization copper rod length (i.e. between the copper rod guide supporting bar of front and back
Away from) L is constant, when electric current (constant-current source provides current direction for energization copper rod and size increases and decreases knob 1-6 and rotates clockwise) I increases
Greatly, energization copper rod active force increases, and copper rod movement velocity is accelerated；If current direction is opposite, (constant-current source provides electricity for energization copper rod
Stream direction and size increase and decrease knob 1-6 are subdued), copper rod along with moved opposite direction originally and moved；
(3) the constant current source current I for keeping magnetic field size (i.e. coil current size) B, copper rod to provide is constant, leads in magnetic field
Conductance line length (i.e. distance between the copper rod track support rod of front and back) L increases, and active force increases, and copper rod movement velocity is accelerated；
2, copper rod movement velocity, acceleration and active force are measured
Since energization copper rod setting in motion speed is slower, therefore two correlation photoelectric sensors are mutually fixed across a certain distance
Starting point suitable position is moved in copper rod, measuring through the light-blocking time of two correlation photoelectric sensors is respectively Δ t1With
Δt2, and energization rectangular copper thin slice light-blocked width Δ L is measured, then first copper rod that is powered passes through correlation photoelectric sensor and the
The speed of two correlation photoelectric sensors is respectively v1=Δ L/ Δ t1, v2=Δ L/ Δ t2, and the first correlation photoelectric sensor
The distance between second correlation photoelectric sensor is s, according to speed and distance relation formulaThen copper rod
The acceleration of movementIf copper rod quality m, for convenience of calculation, if the induced electromotive force size generated is negligible not
Meter, according to Newton's second law: F-f=ma, if copper rod and copper rod rail friction force coefficient μ, then copper rod is on copper rod track
F=μm of g of frictional force, then the copper rod active force suffered in magnetic field that is powered is F=μm of g+ma, then can measure hot-wire coil
Electric current generate average magnetic field be
3, (experiment is expansion experiments to measurement induced electromotive force, also needs further to study its feasibility, only be to provide herein
One Research Thinking)
When movement copper rod (conductor) moves in magnetic field, induced electromotive force can be generated, the direction of induced electromotive force can adopt
Judged with the right-hand rule, the size of induced electromotive force can be used following formula and calculate
ε=BLv ... (3)
Since energization copper rod is moved in magnetic field by the effect of magnetic field force, copper rod is in the direction of movement in motion process
On will receive the effect of three power, active force, frictional force, the sense that the induced electromotive force generated on copper rod and copper rod resistance generate
Raw electric current also will receive an active force, and when copper rod reaches balance under the action of these three power, i.e. copper rod movement velocity reaches
, can be separated by a distance by two correlation photoelectric sensors when at the uniform velocity, it is fixed respectively close to end is corresponding, it thus can be advantageous
After copper rod movement reaches uniform motion, and the movement velocity of copper rod is measured, if the electricity of the effective length L of energization copper rod
Resistance is R, due to intermediate energization rectangular sheet cross-sectional area s0It is identical as round copper rod cross-sectional area, then according to the law of resistance,
Length is the copper rod resistance of LInduced current i=ε/r=BLvs as caused by induced electromotive force on copper rod0/ ρ L,
It is identical as the direction of induced current due to generating induced electromotive force direction, and the current direction phase of copper rod is supplied to constant-current source
Instead, the electric current on copper rod is I-i at this time, then according to the active force of the conjunction electric current in magnetic field on copper rod, it should with copper rod institute
The resistance being subject to balances each other, i.e. F=f, then has
B(I-Bvs0/ ρ) L=μm of g ... (4)
According to (4) formula, average magnetic field B caused by hot-wire coil can be calculated, energization can be calculated further according to (3)
Copper rod generates the size of induced electromotive force in magnetic field；Or according to some physical quantitys, another physics can also be calculated
Amount.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: including electric cabinet (1), experiment
The fixed stringer of instrument pedestal (2), photoelectric sensor, copper rod track support rod, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver support rod, copper rod are led
The big coil of rail, rectangle (8), energization copper rod (10) and the conductive light-blocking copper foil of rectangle (10-0)；
Experiment instrument pedestal (2) is made of front and back stringer and the interconnection of left and right crossbeam, and experiment instrument pedestal (2) lower end is equipped with pedestal tune
Flat supporting leg (2-0)；Correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar (6-1) and correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar
(6-2) is individually fixed in the center of the left and right crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal (2)；Correlation photoelectric sensor left and right sidesing post pair
It answers and is provided with lower photoelectric sensing transmitter fixation stringer (3), correlation photoelectric sensor among the pedestal of lower end frame or so crossbeam
It is fixed stringer (4) that left and right sidesing post upper end is provided with photoelectric sensing receiver；First correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter (3-1)
The corresponding position of lower photoelectric sensing transmitter fixed stringer (3) is fixed on the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter (3-2), and
And the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter connecting wire (3-10) of the two is connected with the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter
Conducting wire (3-20) is connected respectively on electric cabinet (1) corresponding binding post；First correlation photoelectric sensing receiver (4-1) and second
Correlation photoelectric sensing receiver (4-2) is fixed on the corresponding position of photoelectric sensing receiver fixed stringer (4), and the two
The first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire (4-10) and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver connecting wire (4-
20) it is connected respectively on electric cabinet (1) corresponding binding post；
The big coil of rectangle (8) is placed among experiment instrument pedestal (2), the inflow coil current connection of the big coil of rectangle (8)
Conducting wire (8-1) and outflow coil current connecting wire (8-2) are connected respectively on the corresponding binding post of electric cabinet (1)；Preceding copper rod rail
The support leg of road left support bar (5-1) and rear copper rod track left support bar (5-10) is individually fixed in a left side for experiment instrument pedestal (2)
Crossbeam front and back end and about the centrosymmetric corresponding position of left crossbeam, preceding copper rod track right support bar (5-2) and rear copper rod track
The support leg of right support bar (5-20) is individually fixed in the right crossbeam front and back end of experiment instrument pedestal (2) and about right crossbeam central symmetry
Corresponding position；Preceding copper rod guide rail (7-1) and rear copper rod guide rail (7-2) are separately mounted to corresponding preceding copper rod track or so support
On the corresponding sleeve column of bar and rear copper rod track left and right sidesing post upper end, front and back copper rod guide rail is close on the big coil of rectangle (8)
Surface and in the same plane；Energization copper rod (10) are disposed vertically on preceding copper rod guide rail (7-1) and rear copper rod guide rail (7-2),
Energization copper rod (10) is equipped with the light-blocking copper foil of conductive rectangle；Preceding copper rod guide rail (7-1) and rear copper rod guide rail (7-2) lead to respectively
It crosses preceding copper rod guide rail connecting wire (7-10) and rear copper rod guide rail connecting wire (7-20) is connected to electric cabinet (1) corresponding binding post
On.
2. copper rod according to claim 1 stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: to penetrating
Front and back copper rod guide rail branch of the support leg of formula photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar (6-1) from the left crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal (2)
Support foot mobile slideway (2-00) is inserted in the center of left crossbeam, correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar (6-2) from
The front and back copper rod guide supporting foot of the right crossbeam of experiment instrument pedestal (2) mobile slideway (2-00) is inserted in the centre bit of right crossbeam
It sets, two support rods are respectively adopted fixed screw and fix.
3. copper rod according to claim 1 stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: preceding copper
The support leg of stick track left support bar (5-1) and rear copper rod track left support bar (5-10) is respectively from experiment instrument pedestal (2) Zuo Heng
It is inserted in the front and back copper rod guide supporting foot of beam mobile slideway (2-00) in left crossbeam and about the centrosymmetric phase of left crossbeam
Position is answered, two support rods are fixed using fixed screw, preceding copper rod track left support bar (5-1) and rear copper rod track left support bar
The center spacing of (5-10) is the effective length L value of energization copper rod (10)；Preceding copper rod track right support bar (5-2) and rear copper rod rail
The support leg of road right support bar (5-20) is respectively from the mobile slideway of the front and back copper rod guide supporting foot of experiment instrument pedestal (2) right crossbeam
It is inserted in (2-00) in right crossbeam and about the centrosymmetric corresponding position of right crossbeam, two support rods are solid using fixed screw
Fixed, the center spacing of preceding copper rod track right support bar (5-2) and rear copper rod track right support bar (5-20) is energization copper rod (10)
Effective length L value.
4. copper rod according to claim 1 stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: preceding copper
Stick guide rail (7-1) and rear copper rod guide rail (7-2) are separately mounted to corresponding preceding copper rod track left and right sidesing post and rear copper rod track
It is fixed on the corresponding sleeve column in left and right sidesing post upper end and using fixed screw.
5. copper rod according to claim 1 stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: glazing
The fixed lasso in left and right two of electric sensing receiver fixed stringer (4) is respectively fitted over correlation photoelectric sensing receiver left support bar
It is fixed on the sleeve column on the top (6-1) and correlation photoelectric sensing receiver right support bar (6-2) and by fixed screw.
6. copper rod according to claim 1 stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: glazing
The graduated scale of the graduated scale of electric sensing receiver fixed stringer (4) and lower photoelectric sensing transmitter fixed stringer (3) is up and down one by one
It is corresponding, the graduation position point of the first correlation photoelectric sensing receiver (4-1) and the second correlation photoelectric sensing receiver (4-2)
Not with the graduation position pair of the first correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter (3-1) and the second correlation photoelectric sensing transmitter (3-2)
It answers.
7. copper rod according to claim 1 stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field, it is characterised in that: automatically controlled
Case (1) includes electric control box power switch (1-0), electric cabinet indicator light (1-1), correlation photoelectric sensing time showing switch (1-
2), correlation photoelectric sensing time display screen (1-3), constant-current source be coil with electric current direction and size increase and decrease knob (1-4),
The big small display of constant current source current (1-5) and constant-current source provide current direction for energization copper rod and size increases and decreases knob (1-6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821282549.4U CN209070817U (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821282549.4U CN209070817U (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209070817U true CN209070817U (en) | 2019-07-05 |
Family
ID=67090314
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821282549.4U Expired - Fee Related CN209070817U (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209070817U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108682247A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field |
| US11873113B2 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2024-01-16 | Subaru Corporation | Fastening structure |
-
2018
- 2018-08-09 CN CN201821282549.4U patent/CN209070817U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11873113B2 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2024-01-16 | Subaru Corporation | Fastening structure |
| CN108682247A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field |
| CN108682247B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2023-09-15 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Experimental instrument for demonstrating stress of copper bar in magnetic field and quantitatively measuring copper bar |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN209070817U (en) | Copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field | |
| CN110082668A (en) | A kind of component-fixing device for Helmholtz coil measurement of magnetic field | |
| CN101908293A (en) | Magnetic pendulum and simple pendulum combined experimental instrument | |
| CN101650889A (en) | Simple pendulum | |
| RU103957U1 (en) | DEMONSTRATION SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF PHYSICAL PHENOMENA "UNIVERSAL" | |
| CN206038119U (en) | Laser weight -measuring device based on optical lever | |
| CN203376213U (en) | Experimental instrument for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by tensile method | |
| CN214415487U (en) | Drawing type standing long jump automatic distance measuring device | |
| CN108682247A (en) | A kind of copper rod stress demonstrating and quantitative measurment experiment instrument in magnetic field | |
| CN103018103B (en) | Comprehensive designing experiment equipment and method for measuring Young modulus of metal wire | |
| CN209357315U (en) | Teaching measures demonstrator with period of single pendulum | |
| Monteith et al. | Simple devices for radiation measurement and integration | |
| CN202471057U (en) | Gradient measurer for exploration | |
| CN209044991U (en) | The parallel copper rod stress demonstrating of two energizations and quantitative measurment experiment instrument | |
| CN201935690U (en) | Electronic level | |
| CN110132251B (en) | Wall column template perpendicularity detection device and method | |
| CN207379386U (en) | Measure the instrument of rock mass body crack rate | |
| CN207964514U (en) | A kind of positioning reflective membrane shock resistance analyzer in real time | |
| CN202221307U (en) | Height and latitude measuring instrument | |
| CN205102744U (en) | Board is measured to wire diameter | |
| CN102589826B (en) | A kind of elasticity measuring device for contact net | |
| CN205175896U (en) | Spectrum appearance and cryostat's adjustable coupled linking ware | |
| CN206040038U (en) | Object shadow measuring apparatu | |
| CN212965371U (en) | Magnetic induction intensity measuring device | |
| CN201629093U (en) | Simple sun altitude measurer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190705 Termination date: 20200809 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |