Background technique
Chemical Manufacture is related to chemically reacting, and most of chemical reaction is exothermic reaction, there are risks such as overtemperature, superpressures,
The accidents such as fire, explosion easily occur, therefore, it is nearly particularly important to measure potential hot wind in chemical reaction process.Chemical reaction heat
Acquisition be unable to do without calorimetry apparatus, currently, in the market existing calorimetry apparatus mainly have reaction calorimeter (RC1/Simular),
Accelerating calorimeter (ARC), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) etc..
It is homogeneous or heterogeneous anti-that existing calorimetry apparatus such as (RC1/Simular) can carry out liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, solution-air
It answers, reaction pressure range is generally 0~100bar, reaction temperature is generally -50~300 DEG C.But existing calorimetry apparatus is only capable of
Enough measurement intervals and semi-batch chemical process, and cannot achieve continuous discharge in test process, typicalness document is " reaction calorimetric
Instrument probes into nitric acid nitre solution methenamine reaction process online ", it uses RC1 to carry out calorimetric test to methenamine nitre solution preocess and grinds
Study carefully, which is solid-liquid homogeneous reaction, and test process is that performance Thermal test in fuming nitric aicd is added in methenamine, for another example
Typicalness document " thermal safety of ethyl butyrate synthesis technology is studied ", which synthesizes ethyl butyrate using RC1, carries out calorimetric test,
Acetic anhydride performance Thermal test is added dropwise using n-butanol as bottoming material in test process, which is liquid-liquid homogeneous reaction.On
Stating typicalness calorimetric process is semi-batch charging reaction, for pipe reaction, can not realize continuous discharge in testing,
Simultaneously for gas-gas, gas-solid phase reaction, it is even more impossible to implement calorimetric test.
For differential scanning calorimetry measuring technology, typicalness document is that " differential scanning calorimetry is in antibody coupling medicine
Application in object stability study " uses the thermal stability of DSC research Herceptin and Herceptin conjugate, obtains
The data such as decomposable process thermal discharge, initial decomposition temperature are obtained, for another example document is " with differential scanning calorimeter test insoluble sulfur warm
Stability " studies insoluble sulfur decomposable process using DSC, obtains insoluble sulfur under different ramp rate conditions
Decomposable process exothermic character data.Above-mentioned calorimetric method is mainly the decomposition dsc data for obtaining single substance or mixture, sample
Amount is milligram grade, and usually using close crucible, material is to be added at one time, and test process equally cannot achieve continuous feed and go out
Material can not carry out pipe reaction technique calorimetric test.
For adiabatic calorimetry measuring technology, typicalness document is " 3, the 4- binitropyrazole insulation based on accelerating calorimeter
Decomposition analysis " uses and is insulated accelerating calorimeter research material 3, the decomposition heat of 4- binitropyrazole, and above-mentioned calorimetric method is main
For study interval, semi-batch process process thermal characteristics, sample size is gram-grade, generally directed to be solution-air, gas-solid, liquid-liquid
Phase reaction process calorimetric belongs to interval, the semi-batch calorimetric measuring technology of small sample quantities.In addition Authorization Notice No. is
It is mentioned in CN207964701U, a kind of entitled " calorimetric test device of continuous flow gas phase reaction process " patent a kind of based on exhausted
The method of the pipe reaction calorimetric of heat pyrogen reason, this method are based on adiabatic model and carry out calorimetric, are a kind of alternating temperature calorimetric tests
Technology.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of calorimetric test devices of pipe reaction, can be to gas phase, gas-liquid, gas
Solid, liquid liquid, liquid and solid phase reaction implementation Process precision control and can acquire and analyze in real time data, and can be according to pipe reaction work
Skill condition realizes heat release, heat absorption tubular type reacting dose Thermal test.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of calorimetric test device of pipe reaction, including the first material feeding system, the second material feeding system, reactor, sampling
Device, material collector and gas-liquid separator, wherein the first material feeding system is connected by the first intake line with input reactor,
Second material feeding system is connected by the second intake line with input reactor, reactor output end, sampler, material collector
It is sequentially connected in series with gas-liquid separator, first material feeding system includes raw material liquefaction bottle, pan feeding pipeline and purging air pipe, raw material
Liquefaction bottle is correspondingly connected with pan feeding pipeline, each pan feeding pipeline and the purging air pipe be arranged in parallel and output end and institute
It states the first intake line to be connected, each feeding pipe road is equipped with ball valve and mass flowmenter, sets on first intake line
There is detection pressure sensor, second material feeding system includes liquid charging stock bottle and liquid feed pump, and liquid charging stock bottle passes through pipe
Road is connected with liquid feed pump input terminal, and the output end of liquid feed pump is connected with second intake line, and described second
It is arranged with heating tape on intake line, solenoid valve is in addition equipped on the pipeline between material collector and gas-liquid separator,
Temperature sensor is equipped in reactor.
On the feeding pipe road, it is equipped with check-valves on the input side and output lateral line of the mass flowmenter,
In addition it liquefies in raw material and is equipped with pressure reducing valve between bottle and ball valve, and be equipped on the input side of the pressure reducing valve and output lateral line
Feed pressure sensor.
First raw material liquefaction bottle is connected by the first pan feeding pipeline with the first intake line of input reactor, and second is former
Feed liquid bottle is connected by the second pan feeding pipeline with first intake line, along transmission side on first feeding pipe road
To being successively arranged the first feed pressure sensor, the first pressure reducing valve, the second feed pressure sensor, the first ball valve, the first non-return
Valve, the first mass flowmenter and second check-valve are successively arranged third along transmission direction on second feeding pipe road and enter
Expect pressure sensor, the second pressure reducing valve, the 4th pressure sensor, the second ball valve, third check-valves, the second mass flowmenter and the
Four check-valves.
The purging air pipe, which is successively arranged the first purging check-valves, purging ball valve and the second purging along transmission direction, to be stopped
Return valve.
First intake line is successively arranged safety line and detection pressure sensor, the safety along transmission direction
Pipeline is equipped with safety valve.
Pipeline between the liquid charging stock bottle and liquid feed pump is equipped with triangle vavle, on second intake line,
Blowoff line is equipped between the liquid feed pump and heating tape, the blowoff line is equipped with Blowoff ball valve.
Liquid charging stock bottle is connected by hose with liquid feed pump input terminal, the to be connected with the output end of liquid feed pump
Two intake lines are steel pipe, and are arranged with heating tape on the steel pipe.
The inside reactor is equipped with the first temperature sensor, and the oven wall of the reactor is passed equipped with second temperature
Sensor.
The reactor bottom is equipped with sieve plate.
Solenoid valve and needle-like are successively arranged along transmission direction on pipeline between material collector and gas-liquid separator
Valve.
The advantages of the utility model and good effect are as follows:
1, the utility model can be to gas gas, gas-liquid, gas solid, liquid liquid, the control of liquid and solid phase reaction implementation Process precision and energy
Enough acquisitions in real time and analysis data, wherein input reactor connects gas mass flow meter and each feeding pipe road is equipped with and subtracts
Pressure valve, reactor output end connect solenoid valve, accurately control gas flow rate, reaction pressure and reaction by apparatus control system
Residence time, in addition input reactor connects liquid feed pump, and the solenoid valve is cooperated to accurately control by control system
Flow rate of liquid, reaction pressure and reaction time, and it is equipped with temperature sensor in inside reactor and oven wall, it can be real-time
Temperature variation in furnace temperature and reactor is acquired, is equipped with pressure sensor real-time detection reactor pressure in input reactor.
2, it is solid homogeneous or non-equal to measure gas gas, gas-liquid, gas solid, liquid liquid, liquid by the way of constant temperature hot-fluid for the utility model
The reaction heat of phase pipe reaction technical process, and controlled and calculated by control system, it can be realized according to pipe reaction process conditions
Heat release, heat absorption tubular type reacting dose Thermal test, with Authorization Notice No. be CN207964701U, entitled " a kind of continuous flow gas phase is anti-
Answer the calorimetric test device of technique " patent compare, the utility model have some superiority.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model include the first material feeding system, the second material feeding system, reactor 25, sampler 26,
Material collector 27 and gas-liquid separator 30, wherein the first material feeding system passes through the first intake line 34 and 25 input terminal of reactor
It is connected, the second material feeding system is connected by the second intake line 37 with 25 input terminal of reactor, 25 output end of reactor, sampler
26, material collector 27 and gas-liquid separator 30 are sequentially connected in series, and first material feeding system includes raw material liquefaction bottle, pan feeding pipeline
With purging air pipe 35, raw material liquefaction bottle connects one to one with pan feeding pipeline, each pan feeding pipeline and the purging tracheae
Road 35 is arranged in parallel and output end is connected with first intake line 34, each feeding pipe road along transmission direction according to
Secondary to be equipped with ball valve and mass flowmenter, first intake line 34 is equipped with detection pressure sensor 16, second pan feeding
System includes liquid charging stock bottle 33 and liquid feed pump 23, and liquid charging stock bottle 33 passes through pipeline and 23 input terminal phase of liquid feed pump
Even, the output end of liquid feed pump 23 is connected with second intake line 37, and is arranged on second intake line 37
In addition heating tape 17 is equipped with solenoid valve 28, in reactor 25 on the pipeline between material collector 27 and gas-liquid separator 30
It is interior to be equipped with temperature sensor.The reactor 25, sampler 26, material collector 27, gas-liquid separator 30, mass flowmenter,
Liquid feed pump 23, heating tape 17, solenoid valve 28, detection pressure sensor 16 and temperature sensor are techniques well known
It and is commercial products.
The mass flowmenter, solenoid valve 28, detection pressure sensor 16, liquid feed pump 23, heating tape 17 and anti-
It answers the temperature sensor in device 25 to pass through route to be connected with the control system of device, whens utility model works passes through quality stream
The charge flow rate of the adjusting control reaction raw materials of meter, realizes reactor 25 by electromagnetic valve for adjusting 28 and mass flowmenter aperture
Interior pressure control, and by detection 16 real-time detection reactor of pressure sensor, 25 pressure value and feedback control system, in addition
The utility model adjusts liquid input streams speed by liquid feed pump 23, and is added in liquid transmission process by the heating tape 17
Heat, the heating tape 17 regulates and controls control heating temperature by apparatus control system, and the temperature in reactor 25 is passed by temperature
Sensor real-time detection and feedback signal are to control system.
As shown in Figure 1, being all provided on the input side and output lateral line of the mass flowmenter on the feeding pipe road
There is check-valves to prevent reactant or product adverse current, in addition liquefies in raw material and be equipped with pressure reducing valve between bottle and ball valve for reducing defeated
Enter pressure value and guarantee safety, and is equipped with feed pressure sensor on the input side of the pressure reducing valve and output lateral line and examines in real time
Measuring pressure situation and the control system for feeding back to device.The check-valves, pressure reducing valve, feed pressure sensor are this field public affairs
Know technology.
As shown in Figure 1, setting in the present embodiment, there are two raw material liquefaction bottle and two pan feeding pipelines, wherein the first raw material liquefies
Bottle 1 is connected by the first pan feeding pipeline with the first intake line 34 of 25 input terminal of reactor, and the second raw material liquefaction bottle 2 passes through the
Two pan feeding pipelines are connected with first intake line 34, are successively arranged along transmission direction on first feeding pipe road
One feed pressure sensor 22, the first pressure reducing valve 3, the second feed pressure sensor 24, the first ball valve 5, first check-valve 7,
One mass flowmenter 9 and second check-valve 11 are successively arranged third pan feeding along transmission direction on second feeding pipe road
Pressure sensor 18, the second pressure reducing valve 4, the 4th pressure sensor 20, the second ball valve 6, third check-valves 8, the second mass flow
Meter 10 and the 4th check-valves 12.
As shown in Figure 1, being successively arranged the first purging check-valves 13, purging along transmission direction on the purging air pipe 35
Ball valve 14 and the second purging check-valves 15, the first purging check-valves 13 and the second purging check-valves 15 prevent reactant or life
At object adverse current.
As shown in Figure 1, being successively arranged safety line and detection pressure along transmission direction on first intake line 34
Sensor 16, the safety line are equipped with safety valve 36.
As shown in Figure 1, the pipeline between the liquid charging stock bottle 33 and liquid feed pump 23 is equipped with triangle vavle 21, it is described
On second intake line 37, blowoff line is equipped between the liquid feed pump 23 and heating tape 17, on the blowoff line
Equipped with Blowoff ball valve 19.In the present embodiment, liquid charging stock bottle 33 is connected by hose with 23 input terminal of liquid feed pump, with liquid
The second connected intake line 37 of the output end of feed pump 23 is steel pipe, and heating tape 17 is arranged on the steel pipe, can be to adding
The liquid material entered heats up.
As shown in Figure 1, being equipped with the first temperature sensor 31, the oven wall of the reactor 25 inside the reactor 25
It is equipped with second temperature sensor 32, the reactor 25 is connected with calibration calibration device, and calibration calibration device is built in apparatus system
In and for system heat demarcate, this is techniques well known, in addition 25 bottom of reactor be equipped with sieve plate, can prevent solid from urging
Agent is fallen, but liquid, gas is allowed to pass through.
The sampler 26 and gas phase, liquid phase etc. are chromatograph joint used, for producing object component analysis;The material collection 27 can
The collection of material is carried out, the gas-liquid separator 30 can realize the separation of gas and liquid, and above-mentioned is techniques well known.
In addition solenoid valve 28 and needle are successively arranged along transmission direction on the pipeline between material collector 27 and gas-liquid separator 30
Type valve 29.
The working principle of the utility model are as follows:
1) it calibrates, when carrying out reaction calorimetric experiment, reactor 25 is first warming up to reaction temperature, pass through calibration calibration system
The heating power united to the additional 0-10W of reaction system closes calibration calibration after 25 system each group temperature registration of reactor is stablized
Device, it is whole to acquire furnace wall temperature in calibration process in real time, complete calibration;
2) it feeds, the raw material of each phase is continuously added to respectively by measure control into reactor 25, and passes through charging
Speed control reaction time;
For gas, bottle that raw material can liquefy is connected to mass flowmenter feed end;It is anti-by adjusting induction air flow ratio control
The residence time is answered, for liquid feedstock, when controlling liquid feeding speed by liquid feed pump 23, and then realizing to reaction stop
Between control.
3) data acquire, and are carried out under reaction temperature constant temperature heating stream mode by test device control reaction, device control
Raw material is continuously added into reactor 25, and acquires reaction process oven wall, temperature of charge parameter in reactor 25 in real time,
And reactor pressure parameter;
4) according to thermal balance in reactor, data are obtained by above-mentioned test, calculate total reaction heat (apparent reaction heat) into
And the apparent molar reaction heat of reaction process is obtained to get the calorimetric of pipe reaction out.
Control system is calculated according to acquisition data, and Computing Principle is as follows:
By obtaining data under above-mentioned constant temperature heating stream mode, the thermal power for testing acquisition represents the heat of unit time, instead
Answer thermal balance present in device as follows:
In formula, QaIt is total reaction heat, i.e., apparent reaction is warm, QbIt is to remove heat, QcIt is reactor heat loss, QdTo feed
The raw material sensible heat that journey introduces, unit is J, and t represents time, unit s;
When reaction does not carry out, QdIt is 0, formula (1) is i.e. are as follows:
To the calibration additional certain power q of calibration devicea0(qa0System is mentioned for the additional heating power value of setting, unit W)
When for energy, then:
In formula, U is the coefficient of heat transfer (W DEG C of m-2), A is heat exchange area (m2), TrFor temperature of charge (DEG C) in reactor,
Tj1Furnace wall temperature (DEG C) when being opened to react preceding calibration device, under lower state;
(3) formula and (4) formula substitute into (2) formula, then:
When closing calibration calibration device, system empty calory is released, QaAs 0, formula (2) obtains formula (6)
In formula, Tj2When not opening for calibration device before reacting, furnace wall temperature under lower state, unit is DEG C;
(6) formula substitutes into (5) formula, then:
(7) formula is substituted into (6) formula, then:
(8) formula is substituted into (1) formula, then:
When system is in the stage of reaction after calibration,Are as follows:
In formula, Tj3For furnace wall temperature (DEG C) in reaction process;
The feed material time sensible heat that charging process introducesAre as follows:
In formula, m is reaction-ure feeding mass flow (g/s), cpFor the specific heat capacity (Jg of reactant-1·℃-1), n be into
Material pump or the quantity of mass flowmenter operation (i.e. the number of raw material addition), TfiFor addition reactant before entering the reactor
Temperature (DEG C);
(10) formula and (11) formula are substituted into (9) formula, then:
To any reaction period t0Integral, can be obtained t0Reaction heat in period, i.e.,
Apparent reaction heat and apparent molar reaction heat conversion relation are as follows:
In formula, ΔrHmFor apparent molar reaction heat (in terms of a certain reactant molal quantity), unit J/mol, n0For t0When
Between section be added a certain reactant molal quantity, unit mol;
Reactant molal quantity and the conversion relation of reactant quality are as follows:
In formula,For a certain reactant mole of addition, g/mol, m0For a certain reactant quality stream of addition
It measures (g/s);
The then apparent molar reaction heat of reaction process are as follows:
(5) apparent reaction heat obtains.By data processing system, technical process apparent reaction heat, the reaction heat can get
For the result after sensible heat during deduction charging.