A kind of screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five-axle linkage print platform
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five-axle linkage print platform, is used for
3D printing (increasing material manufacturing) field.
Background technique
Fused Deposition Modeling (Fused Deposition Modeling, abbreviation FDM) be a kind of typical intuitive, safety,
Environmentally friendly, strong operability 3D printing technique.FDM3D printing uses heatable spray head, makes the material flow of half flow regime
Arranged by the printing of five axis and the path of control instruction control squeeze out, and in specified position deposition, coagulation forming, in this way by
Entire prototype (printout) is formed after layer deposition, solidification.FDM3D printing technique is general in educational training, art creation, industrial products
It reads the fields such as design and has obtained good application.However, FDM3D printing technique still has following deficiency at present: (1) printing speed
Degree is slow, and molding is lower than 100 grams per hour, it is difficult to adapt to industrialized production;(2) stamp with the size is small, is difficult 1.5 meters of printing or more
Large-sized object;(3) based on wire rod of the printed material with diameter for 1.75mm and 3mm, the price of printed material is higher;(4) it needs
Support construction is designed, support removal is difficult, and removal support usually damages surface quality;(5) shaping efficiency is low, it is difficult to complete large quantities of
Measure customized production.
Also there is researcher to be considered as particulate material at present and carry out fusion sediment 3D printing molding, but particulate material is defeated
Fortune, heating, melting, metering, extrusion etc. need all multi-parts and structure, bulky spray head to move back and forth the vibration for being easy to cause machine
Dynamic and impact, leads to the dimensional discrepancy of the unstable and printout of print procedure, is difficult to adapt to have high standard high request to product
Modern industrial process.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of with five-axle linkage print platform
Screw fusion sediment 3D printing device (Five-axis Linkage and Screw Fused Deposition
Modeling, abbreviation FALAS FDM).
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five-axle linkage print platform, including five-axle linkage printing are flat
Platform, screw melt extrusion apparatus and host computer (10), five-axle linkage print platform include Z axis sliding block (2), X-axis slide block (9), Y
Axis sliding block (12), A axis turntable (11), B axle turntable (13), printing substrate (14);Screw melt extrusion apparatus includes spiral shell
Rod-type melting extrusion spray head (6), hopper (7);The printing substrate (14) is connected with B axle turntable (13), B axle turntable (13)
It is connected with Y-axis sliding block (12), Y-axis sliding block (12) is connected with A axis turntable (11), A axis turntable (11) and X-axis slide block (9) phase
Even, X-axis slide block (9) is connected with Z axis sliding block (2), and Z axis sliding block (2) is mounted on guide post (4), one end of guide post (4) and printer
Pedestal (1) is connected, and the other end is connected with crossbeam (5).
The screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five axis print platforms, the screw melting extrusion spray
Head (6) is fixed on the middle positions of crossbeam (5), the five-axle linkage print platform and screw melting extrusion spray head (6) with
Host computer (10) is connected, and the host computer (10) arranges printing target progress data processing formation printing and control instruction, and five
Axis links print platform according to the instruction campaign of host computer (10), and screw melting extrusion spray head (6) is according to host computer (10)
Instruction regulates and controls the temperature and extruded velocity of material, and the material flow of half flow regime prints arrangement by five axis and control refers to
It enables the flow of control squeeze out from the spray head (6), printing path is formed by the movement of print platform and in corresponding position
Deposition, coagulation forming are set, forms entire printing target, the variation of printing thickness, printing precision control after such layer by layer deposition, solidification
System, progress msg, in fault condition Real-time Feedback to host computer (10), host computer (10) handles information and will treated instruction
It is sent to print platform and squeezes out spray head (6), form continuous coordination, the printing of fast and stable.
The screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five axis print platforms, the Z axis sliding block (2) are mounted on
On guide post (4), the up and down motion of Z axis sliding block (2) drives printing substrate (14) along the linear motion of Z axis;Y-axis sliding block (12) drives
Linear motion of the printing substrate (14) along Y-axis;X-axis slide block (9) drives printing substrate (14) along the linear motion of X-axis;B axle rotation
Platform (13) drives printing substrate (14) around the rotary motion of B axle;A axis turntable (11) drives printing substrate (14) around the rotation of A axis
Transhipment is dynamic.
The screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five axis print platforms, the screw melting extrusion spray
Head (6) is fixed on the middle position of crossbeam (5), and the distance of crossbeam (5) to printing machine base (1) is 0.5 meter~10 meters, screw
The distance of melting extrusion spray head (6) to guide post (4) center line is 0.5 meter~5 meters, and screw melting extrusion spray head (6) is to four
Guide post (4) center line is equidistant.
The screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five axis print platforms, the screw melting extrusion
Spray head (6) includes barrel (18), screw rod (17), electric heating coil (19), vacuum pump (20), nozzle (15), pressure controller (21), grid
Plate (16), thermoregulator (22) pass through the pressurization in barrel (18) by solid particulate materials of screw rod (17) and electric heating coil (19)
It is heated into molten condition, the gas inside melt is extracted out by vacuum pump (20), connects melt by the instruction of host computer (10)
It is continuous to be steadily delivered to nozzle (15) by screen (16), it squeezes out and is deposited on printing substrate (14) through nozzle (15).
The screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five axis print platforms, the screw rod in spray head are that taper is double
Screw rod;0.05~20 millimeter of nozzle (15) aperture.
A kind of screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five-axle linkage print platform of the utility model is (referred to as
FALAS FDM) it has the advantage that
First is that five-axle linkage print platform be capable of forming in print procedure moved along X-axis, Y-axis moves, Z axis moves, with
And rotated around A axis, around the high-precision five-axle linkage of B axle rotation, host computer (10) carries out data processing to printing target and forms five
Axis printing arranges and control instruction, moves five-axle linkage print platform by instruction and completes print job, not only can be real
Existing unsupported five continuous, quick, stable axis 3D printings, and avoid with barrel and barrel high-temperature heating equipment, spiral shell
It is inclined that the screw of bar and spiro driving device squeezes out the material unstable, vibratory impulse of extrusion and size caused by spray head moves back and forth
Difference can solve the problems, such as FDM3D printing with the large complicated object of high-precision printing;
Second is that 0.05~20 millimeter of nozzle (15) aperture, is not limited, print speed by traditional FDM printer and wire rod
Fastly, a set of present apparatus forms per hour is greater than 500 grams;
Third is that squeezing out spray head using screw the material melts of unit time and conveying speed are substantially improved, breach
The FDM printer material melts bottleneck slow with conveying, substantially increases printing shaping efficiency;
It is controlled fourth is that host computer (10) carries out unified data processing and printing technology to printing target, it is convenient and efficient, greatly
The operating time is saved greatly, improves efficiency;
Fifth is that stamp with the size is big, 2 meters or more of large-sized object can be easily printed;
Sixth is that material price reduces 70% than existing FDM wire rod, while ensure that printing using plastic grain as printed material
Precision and stability, greatly reduce FDM3D printing material cost, and can be used for being difficult to pulling into wire rod alloy and
Composite material has widened the application range of FDM3D printing;
Seventh is that five-axle linkage prints, without support, shaping efficiency is high, and surface quality is good, is highly suitable for mass customization
Chemical industry production, is with a wide range of applications.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the screw fusion sediment 3D printing schematic device with five-axle linkage print platform
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of five-axle linkage print platform
Fig. 3 is screw melting extrusion spray head schematic diagram
In figure: 1. printing machine bases, 2.Z axis sliding block, 3. lead screws, 4. guide posts, 5. crossbeams, 6. screw melting extrusions spray
Head, 7. hoppers, 8. feeder pipes, 9.X axis sliding block, 10. host computers, 11.A axis turntable, 12.Y axis sliding block, 13.B axis turntable,
14. printing substrate, 15. nozzles, 16. screens, 17. screw rods, 18. barrels, 19. electric heating coils, 20. vacuum pumps, the control of 21. pressure
Device, 22. thermoregulators;
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of screw fusion sediment 3D printing device with five-axle linkage print platform, including five axis
Linkage print platform, screw melt extrusion apparatus and host computer (10), five-axle linkage print platform include Z axis sliding block (2), X
Axis sliding block (9), Y-axis sliding block (12), A axis turntable (11), B axle turntable (13), printing substrate (14);Screw melting extrusion
Device includes screw melting extrusion spray head (6), hopper (7);
The printing substrate (14) is connected with B axle turntable (13), and B axle turntable (13) is connected with Y-axis sliding block (12), Y
Axis sliding block (12) is connected with A axis turntable (11), and A axis turntable (11) is connected with X-axis slide block (9), and X-axis slide block (9) and Z axis are sliding
Block (2) is connected, and Z axis sliding block (2) is mounted on guide post (4), and one end of guide post (4) is connected with printing machine base (1), the other end and
Crossbeam (5) is connected;
The screw melting extrusion spray head (6) is fixed on the middle position of crossbeam (5), the five-axle linkage print platform
It is connected with host computer (10) with screw melting extrusion spray head (6), the host computer (10) carries out at data printing target
Reason forms printing arrangement and control instruction, instruction campaign of the five-axle linkage print platform according to host computer (10), screw melting
It squeezes out spray head (6) to regulate and control the temperature and extruded velocity of material according to the instruction of host computer (10), the material of half flow regime
Stream body is arranged by the printing of five axis and the flow of control instruction control is squeezed out from the spray head (6), passes through print platform
Movement forms printing path and forms entire printing mesh in corresponding position deposition, coagulation forming, after such layer by layer deposition, solidification
Mark, printing thickness variation, printing precision control, progress msg, in fault condition Real-time Feedback to host computer (10), host computer
(10) handle information and will treated that instruction is sent to print platform and squeezes out spray head (6), formed it is continuous coordinate, fast and stable
Printing.
The Z axis sliding block (2) is mounted on guide post (4), and the up and down motion of Z axis sliding block (2) drives printing substrate (14) along Z
The linear motion of axis;Y-axis sliding block (12) drives printing substrate (14) along the linear motion of Y-axis;X-axis slide block (9) drives printing base
Linear motion of the plate (14) along X-axis;B axle turntable (13) drives printing substrate (14) around the rotary motion of B axle (i.e. vertical axes);
A axis turntable (11) drives printing substrate (14) around the rotary motion of A axis (i.e. trunnion axis);Z axis sliding block (2), X-axis slide block (9),
The positioning accuracy of Y-axis sliding block (12) is 0.0025mm, and movement is driven by turn-screw by servo motor;A axis turntable
(11) drive dividing movement progress -180 degree of worm gear and worm screw to the rotation of+180 degree by servo motor;B axle turntable (13)
The rotation for driving worm gear and the dividing movement of worm screw to carry out 0 degree to 360 degree by servo motor;A axis and the positioning of the rotary index of B axle
Precision is 0.001 degree;Five axis of high-precision of X-axis movement, Y-axis movement, Z axis movement and the rotation of A axis, B axle rotation is consequently formed
Link print platform.
The screw melting extrusion spray head (6) is fixed on the middle position of crossbeam (5), crossbeam (5) to printing machine base
(1) distance is 0.5 meter~10 meters, and the distance of screw melting extrusion spray head (6) to guide post (4) center line is 0.5 meter~5
Rice, screw melting extrusion spray head (6) to four guide post (4) center lines are equidistant.
The screw melting extrusion spray head (6) includes barrel (18), screw rod (17), electric heating coil (19), vacuum pump
(20), nozzle (15), pressure controller (21), screen (16), thermoregulator (22) composition, pass through screw rod (17) and electric heating coil
(19) by solid particulate materials in barrel (18) interior pressurized, heated at molten condition, by vacuum pump (20) by the gas inside melt
Body extraction, continuously and stably passes through screen (16) for melt by the instruction of host computer (10) and is delivered to nozzle (15), through nozzle
(15) it squeezes out and is deposited on printing substrate (14).
The optional conical double-screw of screw rod, parallel double-screw, single screw rod, preferably conical double-screw in spray head.Nozzle (15)
It is replaceable, 0.05~20 millimeter of nozzle bore.
A kind of screw fusion sediment 3D printing method with five-axle linkage print platform realized using above-mentioned apparatus,
Detailed process are as follows: the first step, host computer (10) carry out data processing to printing target, form five axis 3D printings instruction: host computer
(10) data processing, printing analysis, simulation and optimization are carried out to printing target and its print procedure, forms five axis printing technology peace
Row and control instruction, and printing substrate (14) movement instruction and material are squeezed out into control instruction and are sent respectively to five-axle linkage printing
Platform and screw melting extrusion spray head (6);Second step executes print out task: pressing the control instruction of host computer (10), screw
Melting extrusion spray head (6) is by screw rod (17) and electric heating coil (19) by solid particulate materials in the interior pressurized, heated Cheng Rong of barrel (18)
Melt state, the gas inside melt is extracted out by vacuum pump (20), melt is continuously and stably passed through to screen (16) and is delivered to
Nozzle (15) is squeezed out through nozzle (15) in printing substrate (14), and at the same time, printing substrate (14) is according to printing substrate (14)
Movement instruction is moved along preset path, and melt is deposited on printing substrate (14) layer by layer and forms printing objects;Third step, it is rear to locate
Reason: carrying out surface smooth treatment to the workpiece that printing is completed and colouring handled, and obtains complete printing objects (printing target).
In the second step, the non-hanging part of preferential printer model, and the hanging part of model is arranged in and its phase
After the completion of the non-hanging part of connection, printing substrate (14) is rotated by a certain angle into continuation on non-hanging part around A axis or B axle
Hanging part is shaped, and hanging part must be carried out largely to support work in conventional 3d printing, expends a large amount of consumption
Material and post-processing work, the device and method of the utility model are by rotating by a certain angle printing substrate (14) around A axis or B axle
Model printing is carried out, a large amount of support work is omitted.
Specific embodiment:
The printing target of the present embodiment is mannequin.Printed material uses polylactic acid (PLA) solid particle, host computer
(10) i7 industrial personal computer is used, five-axle linkage print platform includes Z axis sliding block (2), X-axis slide block (9), Y-axis sliding block (12), the rotation of A axis
Turntable (11), B axle turntable (13), printing substrate (14), five-axle linkage print platform according to the instruction campaign of host computer (10),
It squeezes out the screw rod inside spray head and uses conical double-screw, controlling the temperature that material squeezes out by host computer (10) is 200 degrees Celsius,
The extruded velocity for controlling material is 550 grams per hour, and type and the network of model's hollow structure inside is arranged as cross friendship
The lattice structure of forked type, packed density 5%, the distance of crossbeam (5) to printing machine base (1) are 2.5 meters, screw melting extrusion
The distance of spray head (6) to guide post (4) center line is 1.5 meters, 2 millimeters of nozzle (15) aperture, and 200 squeezed out from the spray head are Celsius
The material flow of half flow regime of degree is arranged by the printing of five axis and the flow of control instruction control squeezes out, flat by printing
The movement of platform forms 3 D-printing path and in corresponding position deposition, coagulation forming, prints thickness according to the change of object features
Change and change, the head face position minimum thickness with minutia reaches 0.1mm, the gentle position maximum of body and leg
Thickness reaches 1.8mm, and entire printing target is formed after such layer by layer deposition, solidification, carries out surface light to the model that printing is completed
Sliding processing and colouring processing, obtain complete model.
Implementation result comparison:
Traditional fusion sediment (FDM) 3D printing technique: spray head moves back and forth, for avoid impact vibration and thus caused by
Dimensional discrepancy, spray head movement velocity are slow;Spray head aperture is small, and print speed is slow, and molding is lower than 100 grams per hour, can only generally reach
To 30 grams per hour, it is difficult to adapt to industrialized production;Stamp with the size is small, is difficult one and prints mannequin;Shaping efficiency is low, difficult
To complete Customized mass production.
And rotated around A axis, around the high-precision five-axle linkage of B axle rotation, host computer (10) carries out data to printing target
Processing forms five axis printing arrangement and control instruction, moves five-axle linkage print platform by instruction and completes print job, in this way
Unsupported five continuous, quick, stable axis 3D printings not only may be implemented, but also avoid and add with barrel and barrel high temperature
The screw of thermal, screw rod and spiro driving device squeezes out material caused by spray head moves back and forth and squeezes out unstable, vibration punching
It hits and dimensional discrepancy, can solve the problems, such as FDM3D printing with the large complicated object of high-precision printing;
Screw fusion sediment 3D printing method and device provided by the utility model with five-axle linkage print platform
(abbreviation FALAS FDM) 3D printing method and device: first is that material squeezes out spray head without movement, printing substrate (14) was being printed
Be capable of forming in journey moved along X-axis, Y-axis moves, Z axis moves and around A axis rotation, around B axle rotation five axis of high-precision connection
It is dynamic, it not only can realize unsupported five continuous, quick, the stable axis 3D printings of model, and avoid with material
The screw of cylinder and barrel high-temperature heating equipment, screw rod and spiro driving device squeezes out material caused by spray head moves back and forth and squeezes out
The printing precision of unstable, vibratory impulse and dimensional discrepancy, head and palm is high, print thickness according to the variation of object features and
Variation, the head face position minimum thickness with minutia reach 0.1mm, and details is prominent, life-like, body and leg
Gentle position maximum thickness reach 1.8mm, still bright and clean smooth, such high efficiency, high-precision, change layer are thick, may be implemented five
The novel 3D printing method of axis linkage and 3 D-printing path solves the problems, such as traditional FDM3D printing;Second is that nozzle (15) hole
It 2 millimeters of diameter, is not limited by traditional FDM printer and wire rod (1.75 millimeters of diameter), using Screw Extrusion, greatly improves material
Melting and conveying speed, 550 grams per hour of print speed;Third is that stamp with the size is big, clothes mould easily can be integrally printed
It is special;Fourth is that material price reduces 70% than existing FDM wire rod using plastic grain as printed material, backing material is also eliminated, together
When ensure that the precision and stability of printing, greatly reduce the material cost of model's printing;Fifth is that five-axle linkage, without branch
Support, shaping efficiency is high, is highly suitable for mass customization chemical industry production, and the tradition of mannequin can be replaced molded,
It is with a wide range of applications.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations all should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims for the utility model.