CN209015800U - High-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure, comprising: Switch main body, Switch main body are connect with closing coil, form closed circuit；Lead, lead connection switch ontology and excitation current source.Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: 1) can reduce the size and weight of Closed HTS Coils, the purpose for accomplishing densification and lighting requires volume weight stringent occasion especially suitable for magnetic suspension train or aircraft etc..2) the switch-off resistance is dynamic change, can balance fever and excitation well, accomplishes to be preferably minimized the thermic load of refrigeration system while success excitation.3) switch controls its shutdown opened woth no need to any additional equipment, therefore without external energy driving external equipment work.Therefore the energy input demand of entire closure superconducting coil system will reduce, and be more suitable for using in mobile device.

Description

High-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure

Technical field

The utility model relates to one kind directly to cross the high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current that flow control is cut-off by excitation current source Construction of switch.

Background technique

(1) characteristic of high-temperature superconductor

1908, the professor Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden, Netherlands (Leiden) university after by test of many times, Helium (He) is liquefied in success, also indicates the available minimum temperature of the mankind up to 4.2K.After 3 years, Onnes Under the conditions of liquid nitrogen temperature, resistance bust is zero to professor for discovery mercury (Hg) again.This indicates, superconducting phenomenon and superconductor technology from this Step into the history of human sciences' research.Then, professor Onnes has carried out subsequent experiment, it was demonstrated that at a temperature of 4.2K, the electricity of mercury Resistance rate is about 10^-23Ω cm can be considered as zero.Then, scientist and researchers expand research, superconduction to superconducting phenomenon A lot of other characteristics of body are found in succession.

1, zero resistance nature.When i.e. superconductor is in superconducting state, characteristic that resistance is zero.With being gradually reduced for temperature, Superconductor can lose resistance in a certain temperature suddenly, this temperature is known as the critical-temperature of superconductor, be indicated with Tc.

2, Meisser effect.That is the perfect diamganetism of superconductor.As long as superconductor is into superconducting state, with or without outer Add magnetic field, the magnetic field inside superconductor is all zero.This characteristic by roentgen Meisner and the gloomy Field of Losec in It finds within 1933.Meissner effect shows that the magnetic induction density B inside the superconductor in superconducting state is necessarily equal to zero.Therefore, Zero resistance nature in comprehensive 1, conductor have only been provided simultaneously with that resistivity is zero and magnetic induction intensity is 0 two conditions, just recognize Superconducting state is entered for conductor, Neither of the two can be dispensed.

3, critical-temperature.Such as the description in 1, for mercury (Hg), critical-temperature (Tc) is 4.2K.Follow-up test table Bright, Determination of multiple metal elements simple substance and compound have respective critical temperature Tc.Tc is a substance constant, each material exists There is determining value under same other conditions.1986, people entered the stage of high temperature superconductor technology.Zhu Jingwu etc. and Zhao Loyal virtuous wait develops YBCO high-temperature superconductor respectively, and critical-temperature reaches 90K, can apply liquid nitrogen refrigerating.Currently, traditional gold The superconductors such as category, alloy are known as conventional superconductors, and this oxide ceramic material of YBCO is known as high-temperature superconductor.

4, critical magnetic field.Superconductor can lose superconductivity under certain external magnetic field, which is known as superconductor Critical magnetic field, indicated with Hc.

5, critical current.Superconductor can also lose superconducting characteristic when the electric current passed through reaches certain value.Make superconduction The electric current that body loses superconducting characteristic is known as the critical current of superconductor, is indicated with Ic.Critical current is equally the function of temperature.

(2) high-temperature superconductor closing coil

High-temperature superconductor will be formed since there are zero resistance natures after the closure of the coil both ends made of superconductor Superconduction closed circuit, the electric current in coil theoretically will unvaryingly flow.But since closed line is being made in coil both ends There are connection resistances when circle, therefore electric current can gradually use up, but connection resistance can pass through advanced welding technique at present It is down to very low, for low-temperature superconducting coil, connection resistance even can accomplish zero resistance.Therefore, it is closed superconducting coil, especially It is high temperature closure superconducting coil, has very extensive purposes in the following numerous areas.High-temperature superconductor closing coil energy after excitation It enough operates in the environment of no current source power supply, therefore greatly reduces the volume and weight of entire coil and its accessory structure, The characteristics of having reached densification and lighting.Meanwhile Closed HTS Coils (are supplied due to eliminating current feed for superconducting magnet The current feed of electricity is usually very thick and fever is more serious), therefore greatly reduce the cryogenic system for superconducting coil operation Thermic load.Therefore Closed HTS Coils are particularly suitable under the operating condition more sensitive to weight and volume, such as magnetic suspension train Vehicle-mounted magnet or aircraft on the field generator for magnetic that uses.

But for being closed superconducting coil, since it is in the superconducting state of zero resistance, therefore directly external power supply can not be infused Enter coil and carries out excitation.Therefore it needs there are one " switch ", i.e. closure superconducting coil constant current switch, this " switch " is usually by closing A part conversion of zygonema circle is formed.When this " switch " disconnects, coil exits closed state, and external power supply can be to coil at this time Carry out excitation.After the completion of excitation, this " switch " is re-closed, and coil then reenters closed state, realizes the ring of zero resistance Stream.Closure superconducting coil constant current switch is mostly by heating wire control switch at present, i.e., after electrothermal wire heating, switch is due to being more than it Critical-temperature and lose superconducting state, generate very big resistance, be equivalent to disconnection, and then external current source starts to coil magnetization. After heating wire stops generating heat, switch is gradually recovered superconducting state, is equivalent to and re-closes, the electric current in superconducting coil is opened by this Pass realizes closed circuit.Outside the thermal control superconduction constant current switch of heating wire control, there are also magnetic controls and flow control superconduction constant current switch.Magnetic It controls superconduction constant current switch and its on-off is controlled by external magnetic field, external magnetic field is provided by special magnetic field source, cut-offs speed It is fast compared to thermal control superconduction constant current switch.Flow control superconduction constant current switch applied electricity by external power supply then by excess current control Flow and make superconduction constant current switch be more than its critical current and quench and generate big resistance, so realize its shutdown with it is open-minded.Currently, Either thermal control, magnetic control or flow control superconduction constant current switch require additional ancillary equipment and it are helped to realize shutdown and open-minded, example Such as heating wire, field generator for magnetic or external current source while increasing again so that structure is complicated changes for Closed HTS Coils Volume and weight leads to the original lighting of Closed HTS Coils, the advantage of densification is difficult to prominent embodiment.

Utility model content

For the defects in the prior art, a kind of above-mentioned technical problem is solved the purpose of this utility model is that proposing High-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure provided by the utility model, It include: Switch main body, Switch main body is connect with closing coil, forms closed circuit；Lead, lead connection switch ontology and excitation Current source.

Preferably, the quantity of lead is two, and two leads are connected to the both ends of Switch main body.

Preferably, Switch main body includes: the first band, one end connection of the first band and closing coil；Second band, the The connection of the other end of two bands and closing coil；First band is connect with the second band.

Preferably, Switch main body further includes connection band, and connection band connects the first band and connect with the second band.

Preferably, the first band, the second band, connection band and lead are superconducting tape.

A kind of working method of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure, includes the following steps:

Step 1, excitation current source and closing coil are connected by the lead at Switch main body both ends；

Step 2, excitation current source is closing coil excitation by lead；

Step 3, after electric current reaches requirements in closing coil, excitation current source is closed, excitation terminates.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1) size and weight that can reduce Closed HTS Coils accomplish the purpose of densification and lighting, particularly suitable Stringent occasion is required volume weight in magnetic suspension train or aircraft etc..

2) the switch-off resistance is dynamic change, can balance fever and excitation well, accomplish in success The thermic load of refrigeration system is preferably minimized while excitation.

3) switch controls its shutdown opened woth no need to any additional equipment, therefore drives outside without external energy Equipment work.Therefore the energy input demand of entire closure superconducting coil system will reduce, and be more suitable for making in mobile device With.

4) the excitation speed of the switch can be controlled by excitation current source, state when convenient for detection superconducting coil excitation, energy Enough when superconducting coil surprisingly quenches, state is cut-off in control in time, to ensure that the safe and stable operation of superconducting coil.

Detailed description of the invention

Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other spies of the utility model Sign objects and advantages will become more apparent upon.

Fig. 1 is the utility model high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure structural schematic diagram one；

Fig. 2 is the utility model high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure structural schematic diagram two；

Fig. 3 is the utility model high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch configuration switches body construction schematic diagram one；

Fig. 4 is the utility model high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch configuration switches body construction schematic diagram two；

Schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is the utility model high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch excitation；

Fig. 6 is schematic diagram after the completion of the utility model high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch excitation.

In figure:

1- closing coil 2- Switch main body 3- lead

4- the first band 5- the second band 6- connection band

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to this field Technical staff further understands the utility model, but does not limit the utility model in any form.It should be pointed out that ability For the those of ordinary skill in domain, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, several changes and improvements can also be made. These are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

The switch speed of traditional superconduction constant current switch is slow.Traditional superconduction constant current switch, especially now widely used heat Control type, since heater strip heating and cooling need the time, therefore it is slower with turn-off speed to cause it to open, it is difficult to be applied to switch Switching requires frequent occasion.

(1) switching of traditional superconduction constant current switch needs additional ancillary equipment

Currently, either thermal control, magnetic control or flow control superconduction constant current switch, require additional ancillary equipment and help its realization Shutdown and open-minded, such as heating wire, field generator for magnetic or external current source, so that the structure of Closed HTS Coils 1 is answered Hydridization, while volume and weight is increased again, cause the advantage of the original lighting of Closed HTS Coils 1, densification to be difficult to dash forward It embodies out, this makes the popularization and application of Closed HTS Coils 1 have a greatly reduced quality.

(2) energy consumption of additional ancillary equipment is big

The function of additional ancillary equipment is exactly to quench switch, to turn off.In switch OFF, the big of generation is quenched Resistance can generate heat.The partial heat directly acts on superconduction refrigeration system, so that the energy consumption of refrigeration system increases, it is very Uneconomic mode.Meanwhile additional ancillary equipment is also required to energy offer, such as heater strip needs external dc power supply, magnetic field Generating device needs external dc power supply or high-frequency ac power, and flow control type then needs outer high current source.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure directly controlled by excitation current source open with Shutdown, i.e., while being 1 excitation of closing coil with excitation current source, Switch main body 2 can also be by same excitation current source control System is opened and is turned off, and the field power supply is not necessarily to special transformation, and current source generally on the market can be met the requirements.The switch is logical The overcurrent of overexcitation current source makes it quench and turn off, and the switch is quenched due to no longer overcurrent after the completion of excitation, can from It is dynamic to restore superconducting state, it realizes open-minded.Switch main body 2 controls it without any additional ancillary equipment and cut-offs, therefore greatly simplifies The complexities of Closed HTS Coils 1, realizes densification and lighting.Meanwhile the switch can be after the completion of excitation certainly Dynamic closure, therefore there is no delays.And Switch main body 2 can autobalance fever and excitation, realize in the smallest thermic load The lower excitation for completing closing coil 1.The above advantage is that the switch institute that additional ancillary equipment control is cut-off is inaccessiable.

As shown in figure 3, Switch main body 2 is transformed by a part of closing coil 1, i.e., switch is taken from closing coil 1 One section of superconducting tape.Switch main body 2 includes the superconducting tape (the first band 4 and the second band 5) of two regular widths, this is often Rule width superconducting tape comes from Closed HTS Coils 1 (drawing from closing coil 1), when Closed HTS Coils 1 are there are when electric current, Electric current will be flowed by this regular width superconducting tape.Meanwhile wide 6 (the wide company of superconduction of connection band of superconduction of a short sample The short sample of tape splicing material) it is used as " electric current bridge " to be overlapped on the first band 4 and the second band 5 behind, it is super to provide two regular widths of linking The current path of conduction band material.It, can by the connection type that superconducting layer is opposite between superconduction wide strip and regular width superconducting tape Contact resistance is minimized into range, basically reaches zero resistance nature.When the electric current in switch is more than regular width superconducting tape Critical current when, regular width superconducting tape, which will quench, generates big resistance, and the Switch main body 2 is in an off state at this time, should Off-state is maintained by original electric current in switch, i.e., switch will be unable to by bigger electric current, as shown in Figure 4 at this time.Work as electricity When stream is lower than the critical current of regular width superconducting tape, which restores opening state, and it is logical to be suitable for bigger electric current Flow.

The step of excitation, is referring to figure 5 and figure 6, specific as follows:

Step 1

Before excitation, two superconductive current leads 3 are welded on Closed HTS Coils 1, two current feeds 3 are for connecting Connecing excitation current source gives closing coil 1 excitation.Part between two current feeds 3 is Switch main body 2, is started in excitation When, excitation current source will be coil magnetization by current feed 3.

Step 2

When excitation starts, since 2 region of Switch main body and 1 part of closing coil are in zero resistance superconducting state, but close There are inductance, inductance can hinder the inflow of excitation current source for 1 part of zygonema circle, so when excitation current source electric current flow primarily through 2 part of Switch main body.As the electric current of current source is gradually increased and is more than the critical current of 2 part of Switch main body, then this is switched 2 part of body, which quenches, generates big resistance, i.e. switch OFF.It is coil magnetization that current source, which will flow into 1 part of closing coil,.Meanwhile The off state of 2 part of Switch main body is maintained by excitation current source always, i.e., the one part of current of excitation current source is for maintaining The off state of Switch main body 2, another part electric current are then used for 1 excitation of closing coil.When excitation, in Switch main body 2 electric current with Electric current is as shown in Figure 5 in closing coil 1.

Step 3

After the electric current of excitation current source is more than the critical current of Switch main body 2, the off state of Switch main body 2 will thus Overcurrent maintains, while another part electric current of excitation current source flows into closing coil 1.With the electric current width of excitation current source Value is gradually increasing, and after electric current reaches requirements in closing coil 1, excitation terminates, and excitation current source is closed.At this time due to closure There are inductance for coil 1, therefore 1 current direction of closing coil can not be mutated, therefore electric current is immediately reversely and closed line in Switch main body 2 Circle 1 forms closed circuit, has achieved the purpose that 1 excitation of closing coil.After the completion of excitation, current feed 3 and excitation electricity can be cut off Connection between stream source, electric current and electric current in closing coil 1 are in the same direction in Simultaneous Switching ontology 2, as shown in Figure 6.Entire excitation mistake Journey does not need opening and turning off for any additional equipment control switch, can reach excitation mesh just with excitation current source 's.

Specific embodiment of the utility model is described above.It is to be appreciated that the utility model not office It is limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, This has no effect on the substantive content of the utility model.In the absence of conflict, the spy in embodiments herein and embodiment Sign can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure characterized by comprising

Switch main body, Switch main body are connect with closing coil, form closed circuit；

Lead, lead connection switch ontology and excitation current source；

Two leads are welded on closing coil, and two leads are encouraged for connecting excitation current source to closing coil Magnetic, the part between two leads is the Switch main body, and when excitation starts, excitation current source will be drawn by described Line is closing coil excitation；

The high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure quenches it by the overcurrent of excitation current source to turn off, work as excitation The high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure is quenched due to no longer overcurrent after the completion, can restore superconducting state automatically, It realizes open-minded.

2. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of lead is Two, two leads are connected to the both ends of Switch main body.

3. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that Switch main body Include:

One end of first band, the first band and closing coil connects；

The other end of second band, the second band and closing coil connects；

First band is connect with the second band.

4. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that Switch main body also wraps Connection band is included, connection band connects the first band and connect with the second band.

5. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first band, Two bands, connection band and lead are superconducting tape.