CN108470617A - High-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure and its working method - Google Patents
High-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure and its working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108470617A CN108470617A CN201810541761.6A CN201810541761A CN108470617A CN 108470617 A CN108470617 A CN 108470617A CN 201810541761 A CN201810541761 A CN 201810541761A CN 108470617 A CN108470617 A CN 108470617A
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- closing coil
- switch
- excitation
- band
- main body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
Abstract
A kind of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure of present invention offer and its working method, including：Switch main body, Switch main body are connect with closing coil, form closed circuit；Lead, lead connecting valve ontology and excitation current source.Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：1) size and weight that can reduce Closed HTS Coils, accomplish the purpose of densification and lighting, and stringent occasion is required volume weight especially suitable for magnetic suspension train or aircraft etc..2) the switch-off resistance is dynamic change, can balance fever and excitation well, accomplishes to be preferably minimized the thermic load of refrigeration system while success excitation.3) switch controls its shutdown opened woth no need to any additional equipment, therefore without external energy driving external equipment work.Therefore the entire energy input demand for being closed superconducting coil system will reduce, and be more suitable for using in mobile device.
Description
Technical field
The high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch that flow control is cut-off directly being crossed by excitation current source the present invention relates to a kind of
Structure and its working method.
Background technology
(1) characteristic of high-temperature superconductor
1908, the professor Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden, Netherlands (Leiden) university after by test of many times,
Helium (He) is liquefied in success, also indicates the available minimum temperature of the mankind up to 4.2K.After 3 years, Onnes
Professor has found mercury (Hg) under the conditions of liquid nitrogen temperature again, and resistance bust is zero.This indicates, superconducting phenomenon and superconductor technology from this
Step into the history of human sciences' research.Then, professor Onnes has carried out subsequent experiment, it was demonstrated that at a temperature of 4.2K, the electricity of mercury
Resistance rate is about 10-23Ω cm can be considered as zero.Then, scientist and researchers expand research, superconduction to superconducting phenomenon
A lot of other characteristics of body are found in succession.
1, zero resistance nature.When i.e. superconductor is in superconducting state, characteristic that resistance is zero.With being gradually reduced for temperature,
Superconductor can lose resistance suddenly in a certain temperature, this temperature is known as the critical-temperature of superconductor, is indicated with Tc.
2, Meisser effect.That is the perfect diamganetism of superconductor.As long as superconductor is into superconducting state, with or without outer
Add magnetic field, the magnetic field inside superconductor is all zero.This characteristic by roentgen Meisner and the gloomy Field of Losec in
It finds within 1933.Meissner effect shows that the magnetic induction density B inside the superconductor in superconducting state is necessarily equal to zero.Therefore,
Zero resistance nature in comprehensive 1, it be zero-sum magnetic induction intensity is 0 two conditions that conductor, which has only been provided simultaneously with resistivity, is just recognized
Superconducting state is entered for conductor, Neither of the two can be dispensed.
3, critical-temperature.Such as the description in 1, for mercury (Hg), critical-temperature (Tc) is 4.2K.Follow-up test table
Bright, Determination of multiple metal elements simple substance and compound have respective critical temperature Tc.Tc is a substance constant, each material exists
There is determining value under same other conditions.1986, people entered the stage of high temperature superconductor technology.Zhu Jingwu etc. and Zhao
Loyal virtuous wait develops YBCO high-temperature superconductors respectively, and critical-temperature reaches 90K, can apply liquid nitrogen refrigerating.Currently, traditional gold
The superconductors such as category, alloy are known as conventional superconductors, and this oxide ceramic materials of YBCO are known as high-temperature superconductor.
4, critical magnetic field.Superconductor can lose superconductivity under certain external magnetic field, which is known as superconductor
Critical magnetic field, indicated with Hc.
5, critical current.Superconductor by electric current reach certain value when, can also lose superconducting characteristic.Make superconduction
The electric current that body loses superconducting characteristic is known as the critical current of superconductor, is indicated with Ic.Critical current is equally the function of temperature.
(2) high-temperature superconductor closing coil
High-temperature superconductor is since there are zero resistance nature, the coil both ends made of superconductor are formed after being closed
Superconduction closed circuit, the electric current in coil will unvaryingly flow in theory.But since closed line is being made in coil both ends
There are connection resistances when circle, therefore electric current can gradually use up, but connection resistance can be by advanced welding technique at present
It is down to very low, for low-temperature superconducting coil, connection resistance even can accomplish zero resistance.Therefore, it is closed superconducting coil, especially
It is that high temperature is closed superconducting coil, very extensive purposes is had in the following numerous areas.High-temperature superconductor closing coil energy after excitation
It enough operates in the environment of no current source power supply, therefore greatly reduces the volume and weight of entire coil and its accessory structure,
The characteristics of having reached densification and lighting.Meanwhile Closed HTS Coils (are supplied due to eliminating current feed for superconducting magnet
The current feed of electricity is usually very thick and fever is more serious), therefore greatly reduce the cryogenic system run for superconducting coil
Thermic load.Therefore Closed HTS Coils are particularly suitable under the operating mode more sensitive to weight and volume, such as magnetic suspension train
Vehicle-mounted magnet or aircraft on the field generator for magnetic that uses.
But for being closed superconducting coil, since it is in the superconducting state of zero resistance, therefore directly external power supply can not be noted
Enter coil and carries out excitation.Therefore it needs there are one " switch ", i.e. closure superconducting coil constant current switch, this " switch " is usually by closing
The part conversion of zygonema circle is formed.When this " switch " disconnects, coil exits closed state, and external power supply can be to coil at this time
Carry out excitation.After the completion of excitation, this " switch " re-closes, and coil then reenters closed state, realizes the ring of zero resistance
Stream.It is closed superconducting coil constant current switch at present, switch is controlled by heating wire mostly, i.e., after electrothermal wire heating, switchs due to being more than it
Critical-temperature and lose superconducting state, generate prodigious resistance, be equivalent to disconnection, and then external current source starts to coil magnetization.
After heating wire stops generating heat, switchs and gradually restore superconducting state, be equivalent to and re-close, the electric current in superconducting coil is opened by this
Pass realizes closed circuit.Outside the thermal control superconduction constant current switch of heating wire control, also magnetic control and flow control superconduction constant current switch.Magnetic
Control superconduction constant current switch controls its break-make by external magnetic field, and external magnetic field is provided by special magnetic field source, cut-offs speed
It is fast compared to thermal control superconduction constant current switch.Flow control superconduction constant current switch applied electricity then by excess current control by external power supply
Stream and so that superconduction constant current switch is quenched more than its critical current and generate big resistance, and then realize its shutdown with it is open-minded.Currently,
Either thermal control, magnetic control or flow control superconduction constant current switch are required for additional ancillary equipment that it is helped to realize shutdown and open-minded, example
Such as heating wire, field generator for magnetic or external current source, so that complicatedization of Closed HTS Coils, while increasing again
Volume and weight leads to the original lighting of Closed HTS Coils, the advantage of densification is difficult to prominent embodiment.
Invention content
For the defects in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of high temperature solving above-mentioned technical problem
Closed HTS Coils constant current switch structure.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure provided by the invention, including：
Switch main body, Switch main body are connect with closing coil, form closed circuit；Lead, lead connecting valve ontology and exciting current
Source.
Preferably, the quantity of lead is two, and two leads are connected to the both ends of Switch main body.
Preferably, Switch main body includes：One end of first band, the first band and closing coil connects；Second band, the
The other end of two bands and closing coil connects；First band is connect with the second band.
Preferably, Switch main body further includes connection band, and connection band connects the first band and connect with the second band.
Preferably, the first band, the second band, connection band and lead are superconducting tape.
A kind of working method of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure, includes the following steps：
Step 1, excitation current source and closing coil are connected by the lead at Switch main body both ends；
Step 2, excitation current source is closing coil excitation by lead；
Step 3, after electric current reaches requirements in closing coil, excitation current source is closed, excitation terminates.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1) size and weight that can reduce Closed HTS Coils accomplish the purpose of densification and lighting, particularly suitable
Stringent occasion is required volume weight in magnetic suspension train or aircraft etc..
2) the switch-off resistance is dynamic change, can balance fever and excitation well, accomplish in success
The thermic load of refrigeration system is preferably minimized while excitation.
3) switch controls its shutdown opened woth no need to any additional equipment, therefore drives outside without external energy
Equipment works.Therefore the entire energy input demand for being closed superconducting coil system will reduce, and be more suitable for making in mobile device
With.
4) the excitation speed of the switch can be controlled by excitation current source, state when convenient for detection superconducting coil excitation, energy
Enough when superconducting coil surprisingly quenches, state is cut-off in control in time, to ensure that the safe and stable operation of superconducting coil.
Description of the drawings
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature mesh of the invention
And advantage will become more apparent upon.
Fig. 1 is high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure structural schematic diagram one of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure structural schematic diagram two of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch configuration switches body construction schematic diagram one of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch configuration switches body construction schematic diagram two of the present invention；
Schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch excitation of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is schematic diagram after the completion of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch excitation of the present invention.
In figure：
1- closing coil 2- Switch main body 3- leads
4- the first band 5- the second band 6- connection bands
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
The switch speed of traditional superconduction constant current switch is slow.Traditional superconduction constant current switch, especially now widely used heat
Control type, since heater strip heating and cooling need the time, therefore it is slower with turn-off speed to cause it to open, it is difficult to be applied to switch
Switching requires frequent occasion.
(1) switching of traditional superconduction constant current switch needs additional ancillary equipment
Currently, either thermal control, magnetic control or flow control superconduction constant current switch, are required for additional ancillary equipment to help its realization
Shutdown and open-minded, such as heating wire, field generator for magnetic or external current source, so that the structure of Closed HTS Coils 1 is answered
Hydridization, while volume and weight is increased again, cause the advantage of 1 original lighting of Closed HTS Coils, densification to be difficult to dash forward
Go out to embody, this makes the popularization and application of Closed HTS Coils 1 have a greatly reduced quality.
(2) energy expenditure of additional ancillary equipment is big
The function of additional ancillary equipment is exactly that switch is made to quench, to turn off.In switch OFF, the big of generation is quenched
Resistance will produce heat.The partial heat directly acts on superconduction refrigeration system so that the energy consumption of refrigeration system increases, and is very
Uneconomic mode.Meanwhile additional ancillary equipment is also required to energy offer, such as heater strip needs external dc power supply, magnetic field
Generating means needs external dc power supply or high-frequency ac power, flow control type then to need outer high current source.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure directly controlled by excitation current source open with
Shutdown, i.e., while being 1 excitation of closing coil with excitation current source, Switch main body 2 also can be by same excitation current source control
System is opened and is turned off, and the field power supply is not necessarily to special transformation, and current source generally on the market can be met the requirements.The switch is logical
The overcurrent of overexcitation current source makes it quench and turn off, and the switch is quenched due to no longer overcurrent after the completion of excitation, can from
It is dynamic to restore superconducting state, it realizes open-minded.Switch main body 2 controls it without any additional ancillary equipment and cut-offs, therefore greatly simplifies
The complexities of Closed HTS Coils 1, realizes densification and lighting.Meanwhile the switch can be after the completion of excitation certainly
It is dynamic to be closed, therefore there is no delays.And Switch main body 2 can autobalance fever and excitation, realize in minimum thermic load
The lower excitation for completing closing coil 1.The above advantage is that the switch institute that additional ancillary equipment control is cut-off is inaccessiable.
As shown in figure 3, Switch main body 2 is transformed by a part for closing coil 1, i.e., switch is taken from closing coil 1
One section of superconducting tape.Switch main body 2 includes the superconducting tape (the first band 4 and the second band 5) of two regular widths, this is often
Width superconducting tape is advised (to draw from closing coil 1) from Closed HTS Coils 1, when Closed HTS Coils 1 are there are when electric current,
Electric current will be flowed by this regular width superconducting tape.Meanwhile wide 6 (the wide company of superconduction of connection band of superconduction of a short sample
The short sample of tape splicing material) it is used as " electric current bridge " to be overlapped on the first band 4 and the second band 5 behind, it is super to provide two regular widths of linking
The current path of conduction band material.It, can by the connection type that superconducting layer is opposite between superconduction wide strip and regular width superconducting tape
Contact resistance is minimized into range, basically reaches zero resistance nature.When the electric current in switch is more than regular width superconducting tape
Critical current when, regular width superconducting tape, which will quench, generates big resistance, and the Switch main body 2 is off at this time, should
Off-state is maintained by original electric current in switching, i.e., switch will be unable to the electric current by bigger at this time, as shown in Figure 4.Work as electricity
When stream is less than the critical current of regular width superconducting tape, which restores opening state, and the electric current for being suitable for bigger is logical
Flow.
The step of excitation, is referring to figure 5 and figure 6, specific as follows：
Step 1
Before excitation, two superconductive current leads 3 are welded on Closed HTS Coils 1, two current feeds 3 are for connecting
Connecing excitation current source gives closing coil 1 excitation.Part between two current feeds 3 is Switch main body 2, is started in excitation
When, excitation current source will be coil magnetization by current feed 3.
Step 2
When excitation starts, since 2 region of Switch main body and 1 part of closing coil are in zero resistance superconducting state, but close
There are inductance, inductance can hinder the inflow of excitation current source for 1 part of zygonema circle, so when excitation current source electric current flow primarily through
2 part of Switch main body.As the electric current of current source is gradually increased more than the critical current of 2 part of Switch main body, then this is switched
2 part of body, which quenches, generates big resistance, i.e. switch OFF.It is coil magnetization that current source, which will flow into 1 part of closing coil,.Meanwhile
The off state of 2 part of Switch main body is maintained by excitation current source always, i.e., the one part of current of excitation current source is for maintaining
The off state of Switch main body 2, another part electric current are then used for 1 excitation of closing coil.When excitation, in Switch main body 2 electric current with
Electric current is as shown in Figure 5 in closing coil 1.
Step 3
After the electric current of excitation current source is more than the critical current of Switch main body 2, the off state of Switch main body 2 will thus
Overcurrent maintains, while another part electric current of excitation current source flows into closing coil 1.With the electric current width of excitation current source
Value is gradually increasing, and after electric current reaches requirements in closing coil 1, excitation terminates, and excitation current source is closed.At this time due to being closed
There are inductance for coil 1, therefore 1 current direction of closing coil can not be mutated, therefore electric current is immediately reversely and closed line in Switch main body 2
Circle 1 forms closed circuit, has achieved the purpose that 1 excitation of closing coil.After the completion of excitation, current feed 3 and excitation electricity can be cut off
Connection between stream source, electric current and electric current in closing coil 1 are in the same direction in Simultaneous Switching ontology 2, as shown in Figure 6.Entire excitation mistake
Journey does not need opening and turning off for any additional equipment control switch, can reach excitation mesh just with excitation current source
's.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or change within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can arbitrary phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch mechanism, which is characterized in that including：
Switch main body, Switch main body are connect with closing coil, form closed circuit；
Lead, lead connecting valve ontology and excitation current source.
2. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of lead is
Two, two leads are connected to the both ends of Switch main body.
3. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that Switch main body
Including：
One end of first band, the first band and closing coil connects；
The other end of second band, the second band and closing coil connects；
First band is connect with the second band.
4. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch mechanism according to claim 3, which is characterized in that Switch main body also wraps
Connection band is included, connection band connects the first band and connect with the second band.
5. high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch mechanism according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first band,
Two bands, connection band and lead are superconducting tape.
6. a kind of working method of high-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, excitation current source and closing coil are connected by the lead at Switch main body both ends；
Step 2, excitation current source is closing coil excitation by lead；
Step 3, after electric current reaches requirements in closing coil, excitation current source is closed, excitation terminates.
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| CN201810541761.6A CN108470617A (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2018-05-30 | High-temperature superconductor closing coil constant current switch structure and its working method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111218866A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2020-06-02 | 大连奇想科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic turnout of electric guide rail |
| WO2021080443A1 (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-29 | Victoria Link Limited | A superconducting switch |
| CN113035487A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | Device for improving excitation efficiency of superconducting closed coil |
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| CN111218866A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2020-06-02 | 大连奇想科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic turnout of electric guide rail |
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| CN113035487A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | Device for improving excitation efficiency of superconducting closed coil |
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| CN113035487B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Device for improving excitation efficiency of superconducting closed coil |
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