CN208902580U - A kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology - Google Patents
A kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN208902580U CN208902580U CN201821532257.1U CN201821532257U CN208902580U CN 208902580 U CN208902580 U CN 208902580U CN 201821532257 U CN201821532257 U CN 201821532257U CN 208902580 U CN208902580 U CN 208902580U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology, including rainfall generating unit, unsaturated soil infiltrates earth pillar unit and sensing detection unit, the rainfall generating unit includes the Markov bottle of successively pipeline connection, water supply container and dials rain controller and the lifting device that the Markov bottle and the water supply container can be gone up and down respectively, the Markov bottle is equipped with air valve and is deep to the air inlet pipe of water outlet, the Markov bottle, valve is equipped in connecting pipe between the water supply container and the dials rain controller, it includes the glass column that bottom is filled with loaded filter that the unsaturated soil, which infiltrates earth pillar unit, soil sample surface layer diameter flow liquid collection vessel and percolating fluid collection vessel, the sensing detection unit includes passing for detecting the weighing of the first collection vessel weight Sensor, several water salt sensor, signal processor and host computers for being used to detect different height soil in the glass column.The present apparatus has the characteristics that raininess is controllable, device is durable and can continuous dynamic monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology,
Belong to unsaturated soil penetration testing technical field.
Background technique
Rainfall infiltration problem is related to multiple subjects such as the hydrology, environment and agricultural, studies for water resources development and utilization, soil
The research aspect such as earth environmental protection and agricultural irrigation and production has important directive significance.It is non-in research numerical analysis of rainfall infiltration
When the moisture and salt regime rule of saturated zone soil, it is a kind of effective means that design laboratory test, which carries out simulation,.It is existing a variety of both at home and abroad
Rainfall infiltration simulator, but still existing defects: the control method of 1. rainfall intensities is not flexible, mostly replacement different size model
Syringe needle.2. pair syringe needle lacks certain safeguard measure, the syringe needle of center is directly impacted under test of many times by water flow easily
It loosens and blocks.3. the change procedure of ponding run-off mostly uses beaker amount without continuous accurately monitoring in pair infiltration process
It takes and is recorded with the method for balance weighing.4. the monitoring of pair soil water-stable aggregates is not sensitive quick enough, and is not easy to be widely used to promote, because more
Using TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry) technology, there are the lag of time delay, the monitoring not being able to satisfy on fine-time scale, and price
It is expensive.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of rainfall intensity control simplicity, a variety of rainfall rings of analog
The simulator in border further provides a kind of simulator that can effectively extend rain controller service life, further
A kind of simulator that continuous dynamic monitoring can be carried out to runoff in rainfall and the variation of water salt is provided.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
List occurs for a kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology, including rainfall
Member, unsaturated soil infiltrate earth pillar unit and sensing detection unit, the rainfall generating unit include successively pipeline connect
Markov bottle, water supply container and dials rain controller and the lifting dress that the Markov bottle and the water supply container can be gone up and down respectively
It sets, the Markov bottle is equipped with air valve and is deep to the air inlet pipe of water outlet, the Markov bottle, the water supply container and described
Valve is equipped between dials rain controller in connecting pipe, it includes that bottom is filled with instead that the unsaturated soil, which infiltrates earth pillar unit,
It is the glass column of filtering layer, described for collecting in the glass column the first collection vessel of soil sample surface layer diameter flow liquid and for collecting
By the second collection vessel of the percolating fluid of the loaded filter in glass column, the sensing detection unit includes described for detecting
The weighing sensor of first collection vessel weight, several water salt sensings for detecting different height soil in the glass column
Device, signal processor and host computer.
Water entering energy dissipation device is equipped in the dials rain controller.
The energy dissipator is the T shape platform being mounted in the dials rain controller, and the T shape countertop is bent upwards
Arc, cambered surface correspond to the dials rain controller water inlet.
The water salt sensor uses FDR water salt sensor,.
The weighing sensor uses fibre optic compression sensor.
The host computer is computer.
Advantageous effects of the invention:
1, it is organically combined using electrical-controlled lifting platform, Markov bottle, water supply container and dials rain controller, by adjusting water supply container
Difference in height between Markov bottle flexibly controls rainfall intensity on the basis of only using a kind of model rain controller to realize
System can simulate multi-environment lower rainfall by configuring different solution in water supply container, and it is dirty such as to simulate that there are atmosphere
The precipitation (with certain chemical ion concentration) is contaminated under environment, the rain making of the ion containing purification can also be simulated to neutralize soil
The regulation effect of middle pollutant.
It 2, can be to avoid the same area syringe needle when each test by water flow and micronic dust by the way that energy dissipating platform is arranged in rain controller
Impact, extends the usable time limit of rain controller.
3, reflected based on FDR(frequency domain) technology and optical fiber sensing technology, utilize optical fiber weighing sensor and FDR water salt sensing
Water salt variation in the attached rainfall runoff of device and infiltration process carries out accurate and quick response monitoring, obtains continuous accurately examination
Data are tested, automate continuous monitoring function to realize.
4, the present apparatus is made of three independent units, and composite integrated can respectively dismantle different units, assembling
It is convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is device connection schematic diagram in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
The present apparatus is the earth pillar list that rainfall generating unit, unsaturated soil infiltrate respectively as shown in Figure 1, include three parts
Member and sensor monitoring unit, specific structure are as follows:
Rainfall generating unit: the Markov bottle 3 with air valve 2 and air inlet pipe 1 is placed in 6 two sides of electrical-controlled lifting platform and for the water capacity
Device 7 connects the two with rubber hose 5, and rubber hose 5 is equipped with valve 4.Water supply container 7 and dials rain controller 15 pass through rubber
Hose 9 connects, and rubber hose 9 is equipped with valve 8, and dials rain controller 15(syringe needle is uniformly distributed) bosom corresponds to water inlet
Equipped with T shape energy dissipating platform 16,16 top surface of energy dissipating platform is arc, can be buffered into water, avoids extending drop to middle part syringe needle constant impingement
The service life of rain device 15；
The earth pillar unit that unsaturated soil infiltrates: it according to earth pillar height needed for each test, is connected and is installed using flange 18
The Organic glass column 17 for having punched and having had sensor support platform 23, using the rubber hose 11 with valve 10 on the right side of cylinder
Runoff collection vessel 12 is connected, connects seepage flow collection vessel 20 on the left of cylinder using the rubber hose 21 with valve 19,
17 bottom of Organic glass column loads the gravel of 5cm thickness and one layer of filtering copper mesh collectively forms cylinder loaded filter 22, for leading to
Gas draining forms and freely goes out to seep boundary；
Sensor monitoring unit: needing to prepare the reflection of FDR(frequency domain according to test) water salt sensor 24 is several, by its transmission line
One end is connected to RS485 converter 25, and 25 one end of RS485 converter is connected to computer 26；Under runoff collection vessel 12
Its transmission line one end is connected to optical fiber demodulator 14 by Fang Anfang optical fiber weighing sensor 13, and 14 one end of optical fiber demodulator is connected
It is connected to computer 26.
Application method is as follows:
Device water filling: it keeps outlet valve 4 and outlet valve 8 to open, is dropped Markov bottle 3 using electrical-controlled lifting platform 6
In lowermost end, air valve 2 is opened；Outlet valve 8 is closed, a certain amount of deionized water is filled into water supply container 7, while adjusting it
Highly, make to flush at the top of its bottom and Markov bottle 3, utilized head is poor, and water is automatically injected Markov bottle 3 by water supply container 7, works as geneva
When bottle water will be full, outlet valve 4 and air valve 2 are closed.
The raininess calibration of rainfall generating unit: it is slightly above water supply container using the height that electrical-controlled lifting platform 6 adjusts Markov bottle 3
7, difference in height is calculated as H1, and the difference in height of water supply container 7 and dials rain controller 15 is constant all the time as H, and position is as shown in fig. 1.Such as
After this adjusts position, outlet valve 4 is opened, the water level of water supply container 7 rises to certain altitude h1 immediately and keeps steady
Fixed (h1 and H1 is the positive correlation variation relation under constant difference).Keep H1 constant, and entire rainfall generating device air-tightness is good
It is good, outlet valve 8 is opened, water flow enters dials rain controller 15, first damping of shocks energy dissipating platform 16, during avoiding test
Direct impact to centre syringe needle guarantees that device can be used for a long time.In rainfall generating process, the water level of water supply container 7 will
It keeps h1 constant, after dials rain controller 15 is full of water, forms continuous water body with water supply container 7, hydraulic pressure can be propagated, at this time dials
The rainfall of rain controller 15 be equal to 3 water level decreasing water of Markov bottle, with this variation water can calibration device in such height and position
Under rainfall intensity, calibration be light rain range (< 10.0mm).Guarantee that the vertical height of water supply container 7 is constant, uses electrical-controlled lifting
The height that platform 6 adjusts Markov bottle 3 suitably increases to H2, and the water level of water supply container 7 is also increased with it to h2 and kept constant, dials
The rainfall rate of rain controller 15 increases, and rainfall intensity increases, and rainfall is equal to the water of 3 water level decreasing of Markov bottle, is changed with this
Water can rainfall intensity of the calibration device under such height and position, calibration be moderate rain range (10.1-25.0mm).Guarantee to supply water
The vertical height of container 7 is constant, suitably increases to H3 using the height that electrical-controlled lifting platform 6 adjusts Markov bottle 3, water supply container 7
Water level is also increased with it to h3 and is kept constant, and the rainfall rate of dials rain controller 15 increases, and rainfall intensity increases, rainfall etc.
In the water of 3 water level decreasing of Markov bottle, with this variation water can rainfall intensity of the calibration device under such height and position, calibration
For heavy rain range (25.1-50.0mm).Guarantee that the vertical height of water supply container 7 is constant, adjusts Markov bottle using electrical-controlled lifting platform 6
3 height suitably increases to H4, and the water level of water supply container 7 is also increased with it to h4 and kept constant, the drop of dials rain controller 15
Rain speed increases, and rainfall intensity increases, and rainfall is equal to the water of 3 water level decreasing of Markov bottle, can calibration dress with this variation water
The rainfall intensity under such height and position is set, calibration is heavy rain range (50.0-100.0mm).
Specific embodiment one: under the conditions of simulating different rainfall intensities (light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, heavy rain), unsaturated soil
Moisture and salt regime continuously monitors.
Operating procedure: (1) it according to the early period installation steps of device is assembled.(2) have needed for Research on configuration certain
The soil of moisture content and ion concentration loads Organic glass column 17 according to same bulk density, loads layering and carries out, and hits reality.Guarantee
Valve 10 and valve 20 are opened.(3) after standing 24 hours, FDR water salt is recorded using RS485 converter 25 and computer 26 and is sensed
Each layer original volume moisture content of earth pillar and salinity that device 24 monitors.(4) difference in height of water supply container 7 and dials rain controller 15 is always
Constant is H, and the height that Markov bottle 3 and water supply container 7 are adjusted using electrical-controlled lifting platform 6 is H1(or H2, H3, H4), open water outlet
Mouth valve 4 and outlet valve 8, when dials rain controller 15 drops dials after forming continuous water body with water supply container 7 full of water
Rain device 15 is placed in Organic glass column 17, as shown in the figure.This moment start simulation when water supply container 7 water level be h1(or
H2, h3, h4) when light rain (or moderate rain, heavy rain, heavy rain) infiltrate.(5) rainfall infiltration phenomenon is observed, when rainfall intensity is greater than soil
When earth infiltration capacity, ponding will be generated, ponding flows into runoff collection vessel 12 by rubber hose 11, is calculated as run-off Q1, benefit
With 14-computer of optical fiber weighing sensor 13-optical fiber adjusting apparatus 26, real-time continuous dynamic accurately is carried out to the variation of Q1
Monitoring and data acquisition.Remaining water flow penetrates into soil, is calculated as infiltration capacity Q2, and the water of observation Markov bottle decline water level is calculated as Q,
The soil infiltration amount situation of change of each required time section also can be obtained in accurate calculation infiltration capacity Q2=Q-Q1 accordingly.
(6) 25-computer of FDR water salt sensor 24-RS485 converter 26 is utilized, to non-full in numerical analysis of rainfall infiltration
Change with soil water-stable aggregates, carries out real-time continuous dynamic monitoring and data acquisition.
Specific embodiment two: there are the precipitation under atmosphere pollution environment (with certain chemical ion concentration) for simulation, to non-
The monitoring that the moisture and salt regime of saturated soil influences.
(1) it is assembled according to installation steps early period of device.(2) water of simulated rainfall adds according to certain pollution level
Enter the atmosphere pollution ion such as Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, reinjects water supply container 7 and Markov bottle after being configured to the solution of corresponding concentration
3.(3) the soil with certain moisture content and ion concentration needed for Research on configuration loads Organic glass column according to same bulk density
17, it loads layering and carries out, and hit reality.Guarantee that valve 10 and valve 20 are opened.(4) after standing 24 hours, RS485 converter is utilized
25 and computer 26 record FDR water salt sensor 24 monitor each layer original volume moisture content of earth pillar and salinity.(5) water supply container
7 are constant all the time with the difference in height of dials rain controller 15 as H, need to select to be applicable in raininess according to calibration situation and test, use electricity
Controlling lifting platform 6 and adjusting Markov bottle 3 and the height of water supply container 7 is H1(or H2, H3, H4), open outlet valve 4 and water outlet
Valve 8, when dials rain controller 15 be full of water, after forming continuous water body with water supply container 7, dials rain controller 15 is placed in organic
On glass column 17, as shown in the figure.This moment starts light rain of the simulation when the water level of water supply container 7 is h1(or h2, h3, h4)
(or moderate rain, heavy rain, heavy rain) infiltrates.(6) rainfall infiltration phenomenon is observed, when rainfall intensity is greater than Infiltration Characteristics in Field Soils, will be produced
Raw ponding, ponding flow into runoff collection vessel 12 by rubber hose 11, are calculated as run-off Q1, utilize optical fiber weighing sensor
13-14-computers of optical fiber adjusting apparatus 26 accurately carry out real-time continuous dynamic monitoring and data to the variation of Q1 and acquire.
Remaining water flow penetrates into soil, is calculated as infiltration capacity Q2, and the water of observation Markov bottle decline water level is calculated as Q, accurate calculation infiltrates accordingly
Q2=Q-Q1 is measured, the soil infiltration amount situation of change of each required time section also can be obtained.(6) FDR water salt sensor 24-is utilized
25-computer of RS485 converter 26, the rainfall to certain ion concentration is contained, the Unsaturated water in soil salt in infiltration process
Variation carries out real-time continuous dynamic monitoring and data acquisition.
Specific embodiment three: the rain making of the ion containing purification is simulated to neutralize the pollutant in soil.
(1) it is assembled according to installation steps early period of device.(2) water of simulated rainfall, be added it is a certain amount of purify from
Son, is configured to reinject after the solution of corresponding concentration to have needed for water supply container 7 and Markov bottle 3.(3) Research on configuration and centainly contains
The soil of water rate and ion concentration loads Organic glass column 17 according to same bulk density, loads layering and carries out, and hits reality.Guarantee valve
Door 10 and valve 20 are opened.(4) after standing 24 hours, FDR water salt sensor is recorded using RS485 converter 25 and computer 26
Each layer original volume moisture content of earth pillar and salinity of 24 monitorings.(5) water supply container 7 and the difference in height of dials rain controller 15 are permanent always
It is set to H, needs to select to be applicable in raininess according to calibration situation and test, adjust Markov bottle 3 and water supply container using electrical-controlled lifting platform 6
7 height is H1(or H2, H3, H4), outlet valve 4 and outlet valve 8 are opened, when dials rain controller 15 is full of water, with
After water supply container 7 forms continuous water body, dials rain controller 15 is placed in Organic glass column 17, as shown in the figure.This moment
Start light rain (or moderate rain, heavy rain, heavy rain) of the simulation when the water level of water supply container 7 is h1(or h2, h3, h4) to infiltrate.(6) it sees
Rainfall infiltration phenomenon is examined, when rainfall intensity is greater than Infiltration Characteristics in Field Soils, ponding will be generated, ponding is flowed by rubber hose 11
Runoff collection vessel 12 is calculated as run-off Q1, using 14-computer of optical fiber weighing sensor 13-optical fiber adjusting apparatus 26, precisely
Real-time continuous dynamic monitoring is carried out to the variation of Q1 and data acquire.Remaining water flow penetrates into soil, is calculated as infiltration capacity Q2, sees
The water for surveying Markov bottle decline water level, is calculated as Q, accordingly accurate calculation infiltration capacity Q2=Q-Q1, each required time section also can be obtained
Soil infiltration amount situation of change.
(6) utilize 25-computer of FDR water salt sensor 24-RS485 converter 26, to containing a certain concentration purify from
The rain making of son changes in infiltration process with the water salt of soil pollutant, carries out real-time continuous dynamic monitoring and data and adopts
Collection.
Further, it is also possible to using seepage flow collection vessel 20, valve 19 and rubber hose 21 come simulated groundwater environment, it can also
The Different Soil in Organic glass column 17 is replaced to carry out multiple groups test.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology, characterized in that including rainfall
Generating unit, unsaturated soil infiltrate earth pillar unit and sensing detection unit, and the rainfall generating unit includes successively pipeline
Markov bottle (3), water supply container (7) and the dials rain controller (15) of connection and the Markov bottle (3) and institute can be gone up and down respectively
The lifting device (6) of water supply container (7) is stated, the Markov bottle (3) is equipped with air valve (2) and is deep to the air inlet pipe of water outlet
(1), valve is equipped in connecting pipe between the Markov bottle (3), the water supply container (7) and the dials rain controller (15)
Door, it includes that bottom is filled with the glass column (17) of loaded filter (22), for collecting that the unsaturated soil, which infiltrates earth pillar unit,
State the first collection vessel (12) of the interior soil sample surface layer diameter flow liquid of glass column (17) and for collecting warp in the glass column (17)
The second collection vessel (20) of the percolating fluid of the loaded filter (22) is crossed, the sensing detection unit includes for detecting described
It is the weighing sensor (13) of one collection vessel (12) weight, several for detecting the interior different height soil of the glass column (17)
Water salt sensor (24), signal processor and host computer.
2. a kind of more rainfall environment simulatings dress monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1
It sets, characterized in that water entering energy dissipation device is equipped in the dials rain controller (15).
3. a kind of more rainfall environment simulatings dress monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 2
Set, characterized in that the energy dissipator is the T shape platform being mounted in the dials rain controller (15), the T shape countertop be to
Upper curved arc, cambered surface correspond to dials rain controller (15) water inlet.
4. a kind of more rainfall environment simulatings dress monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1
It sets, characterized in that the water salt sensor (24) uses FDR water salt sensor.
5. a kind of more rainfall environment simulatings dress monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1
It sets, characterized in that the weighing sensor (13) uses fibre optic compression sensor.
6. a kind of more rainfall environment simulatings dress monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1
It sets, characterized in that the host computer is computer.
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| CN201821532257.1U CN208902580U (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-09-19 | A kind of more rainfall environment simulating devices monitored based on FDR and optical fiber sensing technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113866384A (en) * | 2021-09-05 | 2021-12-31 | 桂林理工大学 | Detachable soil column soil water and solute transport testing device and method |
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