CN208836614U - A kind of submerged plant planting blanket - Google Patents

A kind of submerged plant planting blanket Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208836614U
CN208836614U CN201820885703.0U CN201820885703U CN208836614U CN 208836614 U CN208836614 U CN 208836614U CN 201820885703 U CN201820885703 U CN 201820885703U CN 208836614 U CN208836614 U CN 208836614U
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China
Prior art keywords
submerged plant
planting
water
fiber
planting carpet
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201820885703.0U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许秋瑾
张岩
王成
王萍
朱韻洁
檀伟
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Suzhou University
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Suzhou University
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, the water absorbency and water retentivity of its A fiber is preferable, it can draw and save a large amount of moisture, on the one hand it can increase the weight after heavy water, promote heavy water stability, on the other hand necessary nutrient environment can also be provided for plant, avoid occurring dry isolation between submerged plant root system and water body;The mechanical properties such as the intensity of B fibers are excellent, ensure that the intensity of submerged plant planting blanket, it is ensured that fixed effect avoids submerged plant as water flow floats or lodges.The planting carpet hole is larger, and gas permeability is very good, is conducive to the breathing of submerged plant root system, prevents the generation of bad root phenomenon;Meanwhile root system of plant can pass through these fiber holes, take root in underwater mud, the stability for absorbing the nutritional ingredient in mud, increasing submerged plant.

Description

A kind of submerged plant planting blanket
Technical field
The utility model relates to heavy water planting technology field more particularly to a kind of submerged plant planting blankets.
Background technique
With the rapid development of social economy, China's quality of water environment constantly declines, and water environment is continuous worsening, due to pollution Caused water eutrophication, water shortage and potable water source district accident constantly occurs, and not only makes plant downtime, the agriculture underproduction, Undesirable social influence and biggish economic loss are also created simultaneously, has seriously threatened the sustainable development of society.
In order to improve water pollution, planting submerged plant can be planted in water, and water body is carried out by the growth of submerged plant Purification.Submerged plant can increase the dissolved oxygen in water, purify water, and expand effective living space of aquatic animal, so as to improve Promote entire aquatic ecosystem.Submerged plant is in terms of visibility and the Landscape construction that Water Ecological Recovery especially improves water Effect is increasingly subject to the attention of people.But heavy water is often limited since water level too depth or water system bottom lack planting conditions The plantation and recovery of plant.
Mostly increase the gravity of submerged plant by using attachment device to realize the mesh of the heavy water of submerged plant in the prior art , which is mainly made of materials such as organic resin, metal material or building stones, is unfavorable for submerged plant after sinking under water Survive and grow.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, which has good Water absorbency and water retentivity and biggish porosity have and utilize submerged plant surviving and grow in water.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of utility model, the utility model the following technical schemes are provided:
The utility model provides a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, includes the upper layer planting carpet unit being stacked and lower layer Planting carpet unit, the upper layer planting carpet unit are provided with perforative implantation hole, the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's plantation Blanket unit is fixed by fastening unit;
The upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit independently include 5~30 layers of needled web, and adjacent two Adhesive layer is provided between layer needled web;
Every layer of needled web includes A fiber and B fibers, and the A fiber is cotton fiber, viscose rayon, polyvinyl One or more of fiber, acetate fiber and stalk fibre, the B fibers are flaxen fiber and/or coir fibre.
Preferably, the thickness of the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit independently is 8~12mm.
Preferably, the fastening unit is bamboo nail and/or wooden peg.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the A fiber and B fibers is (1~9): (1~9).
Preferably, the adhesive layer is thermal fusing powder, ES fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber and nylon fibre with binder One or more of mixture.
The utility model provides a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, and main material is two different kinds of fiber, A class The water absorbency and water retentivity of fiber is preferable, can draw and save a large amount of moisture, on the one hand can increase the weight after heavy water, Heavy water stability is promoted, on the other hand necessary nutrient environment can also be provided for plant, submerged plant root system and water body are avoided Between there is dry isolation;The mechanical properties such as the intensity of B fibers are excellent, ensure that the intensity of submerged plant planting blanket, it is ensured that Fixed effect, avoids the submerged plant as water flow floats or lodges.The planting carpet is due between fibrous raw material It staggeredly acts on, hole is larger, and gas permeability is very good, is conducive to the breathing of submerged plant root system, prevents the generation of bad root phenomenon;Together When, root system of plant can pass through these fiber holes, take root in underwater mud, absorb the nutritional ingredient in mud, increase and sink The stability of water plant.In addition, planting carpet described in the utility model to raw material sources without particular/special requirement, recycled fiber can be used Raw material is conducive to the secondary use of Resource recovery, economizes on resources and cost;The planting carpet is using fiber as raw material, with organic tree Rouge is compared with attachment device prepared by the materials such as metal, and degradation property is preferable, environmentally protective.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model submerged plant planting blanket;
Fig. 2 is that the utility model submerged plant planting blanket plants the structural schematic diagram after submerged plant;
In figure, 1- lower layer planting carpet unit, the upper layer 2- planting carpet unit, 3- fastening unit, 4- implantation hole, the heavy water plant of 5- Object.
Specific embodiment
The utility model provides a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, includes the upper layer planting carpet unit being stacked and lower layer Planting carpet unit, the upper layer planting carpet unit are provided with perforative implantation hole, the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's plantation Blanket unit is fixed by fastening unit;
The upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit independently include 5~30 layers of needled web, and adjacent two Adhesive layer is provided between layer needled web;
Every layer of needled web includes A fiber and B fibers, and the A fiber is cotton fiber, viscose rayon, polyvinyl One or more of fiber, acetate fiber and stalk fibre, the B fibers are flaxen fiber and/or coir fibre.
As shown in Figure 1, planting carpet provided by the utility model includes the upper layer planting carpet unit being stacked and lower layer's kind Blanket unit is planted, the upper layer planting carpet unit is provided with perforative implantation hole, the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet Unit is fixed by fastening unit.In the present invention, the implantation hole is preferably provided at the middle position of planting carpet.
In the present invention, the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit independently include 5~30 layers of needle Pierce web, preferably 10~20 layers, more preferably 15~18 layers;Adhesive layer is provided between adjacent two layers needled web. In the utility model, the thickness of the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit is independently preferably 8~12mm, more excellent It is selected as 9~10mm.
In the present invention, every layer of needled web includes A fiber and B fibers, and the A fiber is that cotton is fine One or more of dimension, viscose rayon, vinylon fibre, acetate fiber and stalk fibre, the B fibers be flaxen fiber and/ Or coir fibre.The utility model do not have to the source of the A fiber and B fibers it is any specifically limited, using ability Commercially available A fiber and B fibers known to field technique personnel.The utility model preferably uses the A fiber and B The salvage material of fiber is specifically such as opened using friperie, old cloth, cloth leftover bits and pieces, fiber leftover bits and pieces waste and scrap The recycled fiber that pine recycling obtains.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the A fiber and B fibers is preferably (1~9): (1~9), more preferably For (1~9): (3~6).In the present invention, the water absorbency and water retentivity of the A fiber is preferable, can draw and save On the one hand a large amount of moisture can increase the weight after heavy water, necessary nutrient environment on the other hand can also be provided for plant, It avoids between submerged plant root system and water body and dry isolation occurs;The mechanical properties such as the intensity of the B fibers are more excellent, protect The intensity of submerged plant planting blanket is demonstrate,proved, it is ensured that fixed effect avoids submerged plant as water flow floats or lodges.
In the present invention, the adhesive layer is preferably thermal fusing powder, ES fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fibre fibre with binder The mixture of one or more of peacekeeping nylon fibre.The utility model is not special to the source of the binder and size It is required that using the commercially available binder that can be realized bonding purpose well-known to those skilled in the art.
The utility model does not have particular/special requirement to the set-up mode of the implantation hole, can be according to submerged plant to be planted The features such as type, size carry out conventional arrangement.
In the present invention, the area of the setting quantity of the implantation hole and the submerged plant planting blanket growing surface with And type to kind of planting submerged plant and size it is directly related, if multiple implantation holes are arranged on one piece of submerged plant planting blanket When, the distance between implantation hole needs to meet the space requirement of submerged plant late growth.The utility model is preferably at each piece One implantation hole is set on submerged plant planting blanket, and the size of the submerged plant planting blanket meets heavy water demand, such energy Enough usable floor areas for reducing submerged plant planting blanket to greatest extent, economize on resources.In the utility model specific embodiment, institute The area for stating planting carpet growing surface is 20cm × 20cm, and the Opening length of implantation hole is 16cm or 17cm.
In the present invention, the fastening unit is preferably bamboo nail and/or wooden peg;The setting of the clamp device can The bond strength for guaranteeing upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit prevents the two from separating in water.This is practical new Type does not have particular/special requirement to features such as the sizes, quantity, arrangement mode of the clamp device, is known according to the routine techniques in root field Knowledge is configured, and can be realized the purpose of fastening upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit.
The utility model, without particular/special requirement, is greater than 1g/cm to the density of the submerged plant planting blanket3, can be realized water Middle sinking purpose;The density of the submerged plant planting blanket by adjusting kinds of fibers and can match according to actual needs It is adjusted than, conditions such as the density of needled web, each thickness degree;Submerged plant planting blanket described in the utility model it is close Degree is preferably greater than or equal to 1.5g/cm3
The preparation method of submerged plant planting blanket described in the utility model, comprises the following steps:
(1) single layer fibre net is prepared into after mixing A fiber and B fibers;
(2) the single layer fibre stratum reticulare poststack is subjected to needling treatment, obtains needled web;
(3) 5~30 layers of needled web are stacked, and coat bonding between adjacent two layers needled web Dosage form obtains planting carpet unit at adhesive layer after heat treatment;
(4) two layers of planting carpet elementary layer poststack is fixed, wherein any one layer of planting carpet unit is provided with through kind Hole is planted, submerged plant planting blanket is obtained.
The utility model is prepared into single layer fibre net after mixing A fiber and B fibers.The utility model preferably uses Random web-laying equipment prepares single layer fibre net, and the random web-laying equipment is using existing apparatus well-known to those skilled in the art It can;The fan speed of the random web-laying equipment is preferably 600~1000r/min, more preferably 700~900r/min, most preferably For 800~850r/min;The convoying curtain speed of the random web-laying equipment is preferably 2~3m/min;The master of the random web-laying equipment Cylinder speed is preferably 2000~2500r/min, more preferably 2100~2400r/min, most preferably 2200~2300r/ min;The stripping roller speed of the random web-laying equipment is preferably 20~30r/min, more preferably 22~28r/min, most preferably 24~26r/min;The cross blowing machine speed of the random web-laying equipment is preferably 800~1000r/min, more preferably 850~ 950r/min.In the present invention, the thickness of the single layer fibre net is preferably 0.1~5mm, more preferably 0.5~3mm, Most preferably 1~1.5mm.
After obtaining single layer fibre net, the single layer fibre stratum reticulare poststack is carried out needling treatment by the utility model, obtains needle Pierce web.In the present invention, the number of plies being laminated in the step (2) is preferably 3~10 layers, and more preferably 5~8 layers. The utility model preferably realizes the needling treatment using commercially available needing machine;The pre- needle of needling treatment in the step (2) Piercing frequency is preferably 45~600 times/min, more preferably 100~500 times/min, most preferably 200~300 times/min;It is described The main punch frequency of needling treatment is preferably 45~600 times/min in step (2), more preferably 100~500 times/min, optimal It is selected as 200~300 times/min;The needling density of needling treatment is preferably 20~200 thorns/cm in the step (2)2, more preferably For 50~150 thorns/cm2, most preferably 80~120 thorns/cm2;In the step (2) depth of needling of needling treatment be preferably 3~ 20mm, more preferably 5~15mm, most preferably 8~12mm.Needling treatment described in the utility model can be fine by fluffy single layer Dimension network pressure is condensed to fine and close needled web;The density of the needled web is to adjust the submerged plant planting blanket density Principal element increases the density of needled web when needing to increase the density of submerged plant planting blanket;Conversely, reducing ?.
After obtaining needled web, 5~30 layers of needled web are stacked by the utility model, and adjacent two Coated with adhesive forms adhesive layer between layer needled web, and planting carpet unit is obtained after heat treatment.In the present invention, The coating density of binder is preferably 3~10g/cm in the step (3)2, more preferably 5~8g/cm2;In the step (3) The temperature of heat treatment is preferably 130~160 DEG C, and more preferably 140~150 DEG C;The time heated in the step (3) Preferably 5~10min, more preferably 6~8min.The utility model does not have special want to the embodiment of the heat treatment It asks, can be realized the purpose of heating bonding.
The utility model does not have particular/special requirement to the concrete operation method of the heat treatment, uses those skilled in the art Well known operating method carries out.In the present invention, the heat treatment preferably carries out under an increased pressure, the pressure Power can ensure the bond effect of adhesive layer, obtain the better planting carpet unit of bond strength.Simultaneously as the pressure is deposited It can arrange in, the fiber in needling fiber stratum reticulare finer and close, obtain density and the higher planting carpet unit of intensity.In this hair In bright, the pressure of the pressurization is preferably 50~200N, more preferably 100~150N.
After obtaining planting carpet unit, two layers of planting carpet elementary layer poststack is fixed the utility model, wherein any one Layer planting carpet unit is provided with through implantation hole, obtains submerged plant planting blanket.Specifically, the utility model can be by two layers kind It plants blanket elementary layer poststack to be fixed, implantation hole is run through to wherein any one layer of planting carpet unit setting, obtains submerged plant kind Plant blanket.The utility model realizes the fixation of two layers of planting carpet elementary layer using above-mentioned fastening unit, is no longer repeated herein;This Utility model is preferably arranged by the way of cutting through implantation hole, to the technical requirements through implantation hole institute for example above It states, is no longer repeated herein.
One layer can also be provided with and not do any processing through the planting carpet unit of implantation hole and one layer by the utility model Planting carpet elementary layer poststack fix, obtain submerged plant planting blanket.The institute for example above of implantation hole and fixed solution described in this programme It states, is no longer repeated herein.
Implantation hole when in use, is directly filled in the root of submerged plant by submerged plant planting blanket described in the utility model In, it sinks under water after then being fastened using clamp device to implantation hole.The utility model submerged plant planting blanket is planted Structural schematic diagram after kind submerged plant is as shown in Figure 2.
Submerged plant planting blanket provided by the utility model is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but cannot They are interpreted as the restriction to scope of protection of the utility model.
Embodiment 1
(1) random web-laying equipment comb is added to after mixing the A fiber (cotton fiber) of 90kg with the fiber B (flaxen fiber) of 10kg Reason forms single layer fibre net;
The fan speed of random web-laying equipment is 600r/min, and convoying curtain speed is 2m/min, and main cylinder speed is 2000r/ Min, stripping roller speed are 20r/min, and cross blowing machine speed is 800r/min;
(2) pre-reinforcement is pierced in the enterprising hand-manipulating of needle of needing machine after folding 5 layers of single layer fibre stratum reticulare, obtains needled web;
Pre-needling frequency is 600 times/min, and main punch frequency is 600 times/min, and needling density is 200 thorns/cm2, needle thorn Depth 3mm;
(3) 3g/cm is coated on a surface of the needled web2ES fiber, then by 20 layers be coated with ES fibre The needled web of dimension is laminated, and 8min is thermally bonded at 160 DEG C, 150N and obtains planting carpet unit;
(4) the planting carpet unit in two layers (3) is superimposed, is fixed with bamboo nail, in upper layer planting carpet middle position A perforative implantation hole is opened, submerged plant planting blanket is obtained;
The growing surface of the submerged plant planting blanket is 17cm having a size of 20cm × 20cm, the Opening length of implantation hole;
(5) by cultured submerged plant (black algae, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, hornwort, watermifoil, najas marina, small najas marina, the marshland full of water weeds Grass, p.malaianus, Potamogeton pectinatus L, fox algae, waterweed) it is filled in from the implantation hole of (4) planting carpet, bamboo nail is used again Opening is sealed, submerged plant is fixed;The submerged plant submerged that will be fixed, the water surface submerge planting carpet, and the water that sinks is planted Object upgrowth situation on planting carpet is good, does not have bad root phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
(1) B by the A fiber of 10kg (viscose rayon, vinylon fibre and stalk fibre that mass ratio is 2:3:5) with 90kg Random web-laying equipment is added to after fiber (coir fibre) mixing to comb to form single layer fibre net;
The fan speed of random web-laying equipment is 800r/min, and convoying curtain speed is 3m/min, and main cylinder speed is 2300r/ Min, stripping roller speed are 25r/min, and cross blowing machine speed is 900r/min;
(2) pre-reinforcement is pierced in the enterprising hand-manipulating of needle of needing machine after folding 8 layers of single layer fibre stratum reticulare, obtains needled web;
Pre-needling frequency is 200 times/min, and main punch frequency is 300 times/min, and needling density is 50 thorns/cm2, needle thorn is deeply Spend 20mm;
(3) 10g/cm is coated on a surface of the needled web2ES fiber, then by 10 layers be coated with ES fibre The needled web of dimension is laminated, and 8min is thermally bonded at 145 DEG C, 200N and obtains planting carpet unit;
(4) the planting carpet unit in two layers (3) is superimposed, is fixed with bamboo nail, in upper layer planting carpet middle position A perforative implantation hole is opened, submerged plant planting blanket is obtained;
The growing surface of the submerged plant planting blanket is 16cm having a size of 20cm × 20cm, the Opening length of implantation hole;
(5) by cultured submerged plant (black algae, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, hornwort, watermifoil, najas marina, small najas marina, the marshland full of water weeds Grass, p.malaianus, Potamogeton pectinatus L, fox algae, waterweed) it is filled in from the implantation hole of (4) planting carpet, bamboo nail is used again Opening is sealed, submerged plant is fixed;The submerged plant submerged that will be fixed, the water surface submerge planting carpet, and the water that sinks is planted Object upgrowth situation on planting carpet is good, does not have bad root phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
(1) by the fiber B of the A fiber (acetate fiber) of 50kg and 50kg, (flaxen fiber and coconut husk that mass ratio is 1:1 are fine Dimension) it is added to random web-laying equipment and combs to form single layer fibre net after mixing;
The fan speed of random web-laying equipment is 1000r/min, and convoying curtain speed is 3m/min, and main cylinder speed is 2000r/ Min, stripping roller speed are 28r/min, and cross blowing machine speed is 900r/min;
(2) pre-reinforcement is pierced in the enterprising hand-manipulating of needle of needing machine after folding 3 layers of single layer fibre stratum reticulare, obtains needled web;
Pre-needling frequency is 300 times/min, and main punch frequency is 450 times/min, and needling density is 150 thorns/cm2, needle thorn Depth 15mm;
(3) 5g/cm is coated on a surface of the needled web2ES fiber, then by 30 layers be coated with ES fibre The needled web of dimension is laminated, and 8min is thermally bonded at 155 DEG C, 110N and obtains planting carpet unit;
(4) the planting carpet unit in two layers (3) is superimposed, is fixed with bamboo nail, in upper layer planting carpet middle position A perforative implantation hole is opened, submerged plant planting blanket is obtained;
The growing surface of the submerged plant planting blanket is 16cm having a size of 20cm × 20cm, the Opening length of implantation hole;
(5) by cultured submerged plant (black algae, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, hornwort, watermifoil, najas marina, small najas marina, the marshland full of water weeds Grass, p.malaianus, Potamogeton pectinatus L, fox algae, waterweed) it is filled in from the implantation hole of (4) planting carpet, bamboo nail is used again Opening is sealed, submerged plant is fixed;The submerged plant submerged that will be fixed, the water surface submerge planting carpet, and the water that sinks is planted Object upgrowth situation on planting carpet is good, does not have bad root phenomenon.
As seen from the above embodiment, the utility model provides a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, and main material is two kinds The water absorbency and water retentivity of different types of fiber, A fiber is preferable, can draw and save a large amount of moisture, one side energy The enough weight increased after heavy water, promotes heavy water stability, necessary nutrient environment on the other hand can also be provided for plant, is avoided Occurs dry isolation between submerged plant root system and water body;The mechanical properties such as the intensity of B fibers are excellent, ensure that submerged plant The intensity of planting carpet, it is ensured that fixed effect avoids submerged plant as water flow floats or lodges.The planting carpet by Staggeredly acting between fibrous raw material, hole is larger, and gas permeability is very good, is conducive to the breathing of submerged plant root system, prevents The generation of bad root phenomenon;Meanwhile root system of plant can pass through these fiber holes, take root in underwater mud, absorb in mud Nutritional ingredient, increase submerged plant stability.In addition, planting carpet described in the utility model wants raw material sources without special It asks, recycled fiber raw material can be used, be conducive to the secondary use of Resource recovery, economize on resources and cost, it is economic and environment-friendly.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, without departing from the principle of this utility model, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improve and Retouching also should be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of submerged plant planting blanket, characterized in that include the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet list being stacked Member, the upper layer planting carpet unit are provided with perforative implantation hole, and the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit are logical Fastening unit is crossed to be fixed;
The upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit independently include 5~30 layers of needled web, the upper layer kind It plants and is provided with adhesive layer between adjacent two layers needled web inside blanket unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit unit;
The thickness of the upper layer planting carpet unit and lower layer's planting carpet unit independently is 8~12mm;
The fastening unit is bamboo nail and/or wooden peg.
CN201820885703.0U 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of submerged plant planting blanket Expired - Fee Related CN208836614U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108811902A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-16 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of submerged plant planting blanket and preparation method thereof
CN114680021A (en) * 2022-04-06 2022-07-01 上海碧垠环保工程有限公司 Composite planting carrier, preparation method and application thereof, and submerged grass blanket
CN115644045A (en) * 2022-07-29 2023-01-31 湖北工业大学 Modular planting complex for submerged plants

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108811902A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-16 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of submerged plant planting blanket and preparation method thereof
CN108811902B (en) * 2018-06-08 2024-01-30 中国环境科学研究院 Submerged plant planting blanket and preparation method thereof
CN114680021A (en) * 2022-04-06 2022-07-01 上海碧垠环保工程有限公司 Composite planting carrier, preparation method and application thereof, and submerged grass blanket
CN115644045A (en) * 2022-07-29 2023-01-31 湖北工业大学 Modular planting complex for submerged plants

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