The vacuum insulation incubator and fuel cell system of solid oxide fuel cell
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of fuel cell technology more particularly to a kind of vacuum of solid oxide fuel cell are exhausted
Edge incubator and fuel cell system.
Background technique
Since solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, abbreviation SOFC) running temperature is higher
(800 DEG C -1000 DEG C) therefore need that pile and pile hot tank are first heated to 700 DEG C~800 DEG C before starting SOFC,
Start the heating period, needs to continue to be passed through air and protection gas (N to cathode and anode2), in addition it is also necessary to by being located at pile hot tank
Internal electric furnace heating wire carries out continuous heating to pile main body, meanwhile, pile hot tank outside need pastes a thick layer thermal insulating material
(glass fibre or alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton etc.) is expected to realize that, to pile main body and external thermal insulation, insulation layer thickness is about
150mm~200mm causes entire pile hot tank volume larger, is not easy to install and operate.
Utility model content
One purpose of the utility model is, provides a kind of vacuum insulation incubator of solid oxide fuel cell,
Not only it can guarantee the heat preservation to pile main body, but also the volume of existing pile hot tank can be reduced.
Another purpose of the utility model is, provides a kind of fuel cell system, both can guarantee to pile main body
Heat preservation, and the volume of existing pile hot tank can be reduced.
To achieve these objectives, on the one hand, the vacuum insulation that the utility model provides a kind of solid oxide fuel cell is protected
Incubator, comprising:
Pile main body;
Vacuum (-tight) housing, the pile main body are located in the enclosure space that the vacuum (-tight) housing surrounds.
Preferably, the vacuum (-tight) housing includes:
Bottom is covered, the pile main body is fixed on the top at the cover bottom;
Inner cover, the inner cover are located at the top at the cover bottom, and the pile main body is located at the inner cover and cover bottom shape
At the enclosure space in;
Outer cover, the cover bottom are located at the bottom of the outer cover, and the outer cover is located at the outside of the enclosure space, described outer
Cover forms the vacuum chamber for being evacuated with the inner cover.
Preferably, further includes:
Cathode inlet pipe, one end of the cathode inlet pipe are connect with the cathode inlet mouth of the pile main body, the other end
It is connected to through the inner cover and outer cover and with the exterior space of the outer cover;
Anode air inlet pipe, one end of the anode air inlet pipe are connect with the anode inlet of the pile main body, the other end
It is connected to through the inner cover and outer cover and with the exterior space of the outer cover.
Preferably, the cathode inlet pipe is equipped with space and the enclosure space in the pipe for being connected to the cathode inlet pipe
Air equalizer opening.
Preferably, the diameter of the air equalizer opening is 0.8mm~1.2mm.
Preferably, the material at the cover bottom is refractory clay mud.
Preferably, the absolute pressure of the vacuum chamber is in 20kPa or less.
On the other hand, the utility model provides a kind of fuel cell system, including any of the above-described kind of solid oxide fuel
The vacuum insulation incubator of battery.
Preferably, further includes:
The cathode inlet mouth of air supply system, the pile main body is connected to the air supply system;
The anode inlet of fuel system, the pile main body is connected to the fuel system;
Gas supply system is protected, the anode inlet of the pile main body is connected to the protection gas supply system;
Pumped vacuum systems, the bleeding point of the pumped vacuum systems are connected to the vacuum (-tight) housing, for taking out to the vacuum (-tight) housing
Vacuum.
Preferably:
The air supply system includes air compressor and air heat exchanger, and the air heat exchanger is located at described
Between air compressor and pile main body, the air heat exchanger is located at the outside of the vacuum (-tight) housing;
The fuel system includes fuel pressurizing device and reforms heat exchanger, and the reformation heat exchanger is located at combustion
Expect between supercharging device and pile main body, the outside reformed heat exchanger and be located at the vacuum (-tight) housing.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: provide a kind of solid oxide fuel cell vacuum insulation incubator and
Fuel cell system can greatly reduce existing pile by setting vacuum (-tight) housing to replace heat-preservation cotton customary in the art
The volume of hot tank.Further, the utility model also takes the external technological means of heating device, by existing pile hot tank
Volume reduce again.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment
Or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
It is some embodiments of the utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor property
It puts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the first structure diagram of fuel cell system warm-up phase provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of fuel cell system warm-up phase provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of fuel cell system working stage provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of vacuum insulation incubator provided by the embodiment of the utility model.
In figure:
1, air supply system;101, air compressor;102, air heat exchanger;
2, gas supply system is protected;201, air accumulator;
3, fuel system;301, fuel pressurizing device;302, heat exchanger is reformed;
4, pumped vacuum systems;401, vacuum pump;
5, vacuum insulation incubator;501, pile main body;502, bottom is covered;502, inner cover;503, outer cover;504, closing is empty
Between;505, vacuum chamber;
6, combustion chamber;
7, water system;701, water pump.
Specific embodiment
It is practical below in conjunction with this to enable the purpose of this utility model, feature, advantage more obvious and understandable
Attached drawing in new embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, it is clear that under
The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model in face, and not all embodiment.Based on the utility model
In embodiment, all other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that when a component is considered as " connection " another component,
It can be directly to another component or may be simultaneously present the component being centrally located.When a component is considered as
" setting exists " another component, it, which can be, is set up directly on another component or may be simultaneously present the group being centrally located
Part.
In addition, the indicating positions such as term " length " " short " "inner" "outside" or positional relationship for the orientation that is shown based on attached drawing or
Person's positional relationship is merely for convenience of description the utility model, rather than the device or original part of indication or suggestion meaning must have
There is this specific orientation, operated with specific orientation construction, should not be understood as the limitation of the utility model with this.
Further illustrate the technical solution of the utility model below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a kind of fuel cell systems, including air supply system 1, protection gas
Supply system 2, fuel system 3, pumped vacuum systems 4, for solid oxide fuel cell vacuum insulation incubator 5,
Combustion chamber 6 and water system 7.
Further, air supply system 1 includes air compressor 101, air heat exchanger 102 and relevant pipeline
And valve member etc., protection gas supply system 2 include air accumulator 201 and relevant pipeline and valve member etc., fuel system 3 wraps
It includes fuel pressurizing device 301, reform heat exchanger 302 and relevant pipeline and valve member etc., pumped vacuum systems 4 includes vacuum
Pump 401 and relevant pipeline and valve member etc..Water system 7 includes water pump 701 and relevant pipeline and valve member etc..
Vacuum insulation incubator 5 includes pile main body 501 and vacuum (-tight) housing.The vacuum (-tight) housing includes cover bottom 502, inner cover 503
With outer cover 503.The pile main body 501 is fixed on the top at the cover bottom 502;The inner cover 503 is located at the cover bottom 502
Top, the pile main body 501 are located in the enclosure space 504 that the inner cover 503 is formed with the cover bottom 502;The cover bottom
502 are located at the bottom of the outer cover 503, and the outer cover 503 is located at the outside of the enclosure space 504, the outer cover 503 and institute
State vacuum chamber 505 of the formation of inner cover 503 for being evacuated;In this present embodiment, the pumping of vacuum chamber 505 and pumped vacuum systems 4
Port connection.
Specifically, enclosure space 504 belongs to pressure chamber and will not be evacuated, can be with due to the presence of vacuum chamber 505
The heat in enclosure space 504 is farthest retained, the thermal loss in enclosure space 504 is effectively reduced, moreover, in thickness
It spends in identical situation, the heat insulation effect of vacuum chamber 505 is obviously higher than heat-preservation cotton, so both can guarantee to pile main body 501
Heat preservation, and the volume of existing pile hot tank can be reduced.
Vacuum insulation incubator 5 further includes cathode inlet pipe and anode air inlet pipe.One end of the cathode inlet pipe and institute
State the cathode inlet mouth connection of pile main body 501, the other end through the inner cover 503 and outer cover 503 and with the outer cover 503
Exterior space connection;In this present embodiment, the other end of cathode inlet pipe is connected to air supply system 1, and the air heat is handed over
For parallel operation 102 between the air compressor 101 and pile main body 501, the air heat exchanger 102 is located at the vacuum
The outside of cover.One end of the anode air inlet pipe is connect with the anode inlet of the pile main body 501, and the other end is through described
Inner cover 503 and outer cover 503 are simultaneously connected to the exterior space of the outer cover 503;In this present embodiment, the other end of anode air inlet pipe
It is connected to respectively with protection gas supply system 2 and fuel system 3, the reformation heat exchanger 202 is located at fuel increasing
Between pressure device 301 and pile main body 501, the outside reformed heat exchanger 202 and be located at the vacuum (-tight) housing.Specifically, empty
Gas supply system 1 is that pile main body 501 provides air, and gas supply system 2 is protected to provide protection gas, preferably nitrogen for pile.
Air heat exchanger 102 and reformation heat exchanger 202 are arranged at the vacuum insulation incubator 5 of solid oxide fuel cell
Then outside heats pile main body 501 by the air and protection gas that have been heated in outside, can keep solid
The temperature of the vacuum insulation incubator 5 of oxide body fuel cell, and the true of solid oxide fuel cell can be effectively reduced
The volume of empty thermal insulating case 5.
The cathode inlet pipe is equipped with the gas in space and the enclosure space 504 in the pipe for being connected to the cathode inlet pipe
Press balance hole.Specifically, air equalizer opening is to keep the pressure relative equilibrium inside and outside pile main body 501, in favor of pile master
Body 501 works normally.Preferably, the diameter of the air equalizer opening is 0.8mm~1.2mm.Further, the air pressure balance
The diameter in hole is 1mm.
Preferably, the material at the cover bottom 502 is refractory clay mud, the absolute pressure of the vacuum chamber 505 20kPa with
Under.Table 1 is the heat transfer of the vacuum insulation incubator 5 of corresponding solid oxide fuel cell at various pressures of vacuum chamber 505
Coefficient table, as known from Table 1, when vacuum degree is in 20kPa or less, the vacuum insulation incubator 5 of solid oxide fuel cell
Thermal coefficient dramatic decrease.
The heat transfer coefficient table of 1 vacuum chamber of table corresponding vacuum insulation incubator at various pressures
Pressure kPa |
Heat transfer coefficient W/ (the m of convective surface2·K) |
Corresponding thermal coefficient W/ (mK) |
5 |
0.034297752 |
0.009701 |
10 |
0.048508263 |
0.01372 |
20 |
0.068612129 |
0.019406 |
40 |
0.097063601 |
0.027454 |
50 |
0.108537981 |
0.030699 |
60 |
0.118916673 |
0.033635 |
80 |
0.137357713 |
0.038851 |
100 |
0.153620509 |
0.04345 |
It is the course of work of fuel cell system provided in this embodiment below:
(1) warm-up phase: each equipment of connection, anode as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 are passed through protection gas, and cathode is passed through air, fuel
It is directly entered the burning of combustion chamber 6 and generates high-temperature flue gas, high-temperature flue gas backheat to air preheater 102 and reformation heat exchanger 302
(reforming heat exchanger 302, only air flue heat exchange acts at this time, no to reform), is heated to certain temperature for air and protection gas, benefit
With this two-way gas to 5 continuous heating of vacuum insulation incubator, until 5 temperature of vacuum insulation incubator reaches 800 DEG C~1000
DEG C when, it is meant that fuel cell has reaction condition;
(2) working stage: as shown in figure 3, anode starts to switch connection relationship, removing protection gas, makes to reform heat exchanger
302 connect with water system 7 and fuel system 3 respectively, and fuel and water are reforming the catalyst in heat exchanger 302 at this time
Under the action of react, CH4+H2O=CO+3H2, reformation heat exchanger 302 at this time is both heat exchanger and reaction kettle,
It cannot react completely, so the gas componant after reforming includes CO, H2With a small amount of CH4、H2O, the gas after reformation enter pile master
The anode of body 501 is chemically reacted in pile main body 501: CO+O again2=CO2, 2H2+O2=2H2O externally generates direct current
Electricity cannot react completely, and fuel availability is about 60%, and the anode exhaust gas of pile main body 501 is exactly CH4、CO、H2、CO2、
H2O, cathode exhaust gas is still constituent of air, but the more general air of oxygen concentration is low, both tail gas are in combustion chambers burn
Heat is generated, persistently the reformation heat exchanger 302 to front end and air heat exchanger 102 provide heat source.
Two stages, combustion chamber 6 is always that system provides heat source, is directly burnt in warm-up phase using fuel, and
Pile main body 501 must because to maintain the normal reaction of pile main body 501 using the exhaust combustion of pile main body 501 when working
Hot tank main body 5 must be made to reach the operating temperature of pile main body 501, need air heat exchanger 102 and reform heat exchanger 302
It continues working, specific temperature is to reach balance by control air capacity and fuel quantity.
The vacuum insulation incubator 5 of solid oxide fuel cell provided in this embodiment makes pile using vacuum chamber 505
Main body 501 is isolated from the outside world, and solid oxide fuel cell is arranged in the heating device of cathode air and anodic protection gas
Then pile main body 501 is sent by pipeline in the outside of vacuum insulation incubator 5, can be by the true of solid oxide fuel cell
The size reduction of empty thermal insulating case 5 is to the 1/8 of original pile hot tank, and 5 pairs of extraneous heat dissipation capacities of vacuum insulation incubator
It reduces to the 1/4 of original pile hot tank.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than its limitations;Although referring to aforementioned reality
Example is applied the utility model is described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to preceding
Technical solution documented by each embodiment is stated to modify or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features;And these
It modifies or replaces, the spirit and model of various embodiments of the utility model technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
It encloses.