CN208739351U - A kind of electret microphone - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of electret microphone, it is characterized by comprising terminal plates and pole plate, integrated IC, elastic slice and metal polar ring are equipped between the terminal plate and pole plate, the integrated IC is fixedly connected with the terminal plate, the elastic slice is electrically connected with the terminal plate and pole plate respectively, the metal polar ring is electrically connected with the terminal plate and pole plate respectively, and the integrated IC is electrically connected with the elastic slice and metal polar ring respectively.The utility model provides a kind of electret microphone, by the way that integrated IC and elastic slice are arranged on terminal plate, signal on pole plate is passed through into metal polar ring and elastic slice Double wire transmission to integrated IC respectively, signal is set to require no shell transmission, to reduce the interference of outer bound pair signals transmission, by being provided with the multistage ring of plated through-hole on pole plate and with the grill of sound hole, can multicast communication pole plate signal, extraneous jamproof ability is improved to reach, stable sensitivity is played, the purpose of signal-to-noise ratio is improved.

Description

A kind of electret microphone

Technical field

The utility model relates to microphone fields, specifically, being to be related to a kind of electret microphone.

Background technique

Electret microphone is to replace the capacitor of polarization power supply transaudient with the electret for having been injected into charge in advance and being polarized Device.Electret microphone has two pieces of metal polar plates, and one of surface is coated with electret film (majority is perfluoroethylene-propylene) And be grounded, another pole plate connects on the grid of scene effect transistor, and a diode is connected between grid and source electrode.When staying Polar body diaphragm is Q per se with charge, the electricity of surface charge, and the capacitance between plate electrode is C, the then voltage generated on cartridge U=Q/C, when be shaken or by air-flow friction when, due to vibration changes the distance between two-plate, i.e. capacitor C change, And electricity Q is constant, will cause the variation of voltage, the size of voltage change reflects the power of extraneous acoustic pressure, and this voltage becomes Change the frequency that frequency reflects external sound.The diaphragm of electret microphone mostly uses perfluoroethylene-propylene, and psychometric performance is good, The surface charge of generation is more, is influenced by humidity small, and electret microphone has simple small in size, structure, good electrical property, price low The advantages that honest and clean, is widely used in cassette radio recorder, telephone set, wireless microphone and sound control circuit.Since this microphone is electricity Appearance formula structure, signal internal resistance is very big, and in order to which the voltage signal for generating sound extracts and is amplified, output end must be used Field effect transistor, but at present field effect transistor be single line input, when field effect transistor by strong light or X-Ray irradiation, Bring curent change, signal-to-noise ratio is not high, and anti-interference ability is weak, and it is not high that this will lead to microphone pickup sound performance.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned traditional technology, provide a kind of reduction external interference, It improves signal-to-noise ratio, improve the electret microphone for picking up sound performance.

The purpose of this utility model is reached by following technical measures: a kind of electret microphone, feature exist In: integrated IC, elastic slice and metal polar ring, the integrated IC are equipped with including terminal plate and pole plate, between the terminal plate and pole plate Be fixedly connected with the terminal plate, the elastic slice is electrically connected with the terminal plate and pole plate respectively, the metal polar ring respectively with The terminal plate and pole plate electrical connection, the integrated IC are electrically connected with the elastic slice and metal polar ring respectively.

Terminal plate is devised with integrated IC's and elastic slice component, and pole plate and vibrating diaphragm constitute two of capacitor Pole, the signal of variation is transferred to integrated IC through metal polar ring by pole plate, while being transferred to integrated IC through elastic slice again, has two-wire letter Number transmitting effect makes signal require no shell transmission, improves extraneous jamproof ability, plays stable sensitivity, mention The purpose of high s/n ratio.

As a preferred embodiment, the pole plate is wherein equipped with multistage ring and grill on one side.

As a preferred embodiment, the height of the multistage ring is greater than the height of the grill.Difference in height can be vibration Dynamic diaphragm provides oscillation space.

As a preferred embodiment, the grill includes intermediate plectane and circumferential subplate, the circumferential direction subplate with it is described Multistage ring is staggered.

As a preferred embodiment, the center of the grill is equipped with sound hole, and the multistage is equipped with plated through-hole, The sound hole and the plated through-hole are through-hole.

As a preferred embodiment, the sound hole is electrically connected with the elastic slice, the multistage ring and metal polar ring electricity Connection.

As a preferred embodiment, the electret microphone further includes shell, vibrating diaphragm, insulation spacer and cavity Ring, the vibrating diaphragm are located at the lower section of the pole plate and parallel to each other with the pole plate.The vibrating membrane of pole plate and subsidiary charge Two poles of piece composition plane-parallel capacitor.

By adopting the above-described technical solution, compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantages that: the utility model mentions A kind of electret microphone has been supplied, by the way that integrated IC and elastic slice are arranged on terminal plate, the signal on pole plate is passed through into gold respectively Belong to polar ring and elastic slice Double wire transmission to integrated IC, signal is made to require no shell transmission, to reduce outer bound pair signal transmission The interference of process, stabilizes sensitivity, by being provided with the multistage ring of plated through-hole on pole plate and with the sound hole of sound hole Plate, can multicast communication pole plate signal, so that the process for acquiring signal is reduced extraneous interference, thus reach improve it is extraneous anti- The ability of interference, plays stable sensitivity, improves the purpose of signal-to-noise ratio.

The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing 1 is a kind of the schematic diagram of the section structure of electret microphone of the utility model.

Attached drawing 2 is a kind of configuration schematic diagram of electret microphone of the utility model.

Attached drawing 3 is a kind of external structure schematic diagram of electret microphone of the utility model.

Attached drawing 4 is a kind of electrode plate structure schematic diagram of electret microphone of the utility model.

Attached drawing 5 is a kind of elastic piece structure schematic diagram of electret microphone of the utility model.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment: as shown in attached drawing 1-5, a kind of electret microphone, it is characterised in that: including terminal plate 1 and pole plate 8, Integrated IC6, elastic slice 5 and metal polar ring 7 are equipped between the terminal plate 1 and pole plate 8, the integrated IC6 and the terminal plate 1 are solid Fixed connection, the elastic slice 5 are electrically connected with the terminal plate 1 and pole plate 8 respectively, the metal polar ring 7 respectively with the terminal plate 1 It is electrically connected with pole plate 8, the integrated IC6 is electrically connected with the elastic slice 5 and metal polar ring 7 respectively.

Integrated IC is integrated ASIC, is a kind of microelectronic device, transistor, resistance, electricity needed for a circuit The elements such as appearance and inductance and wiring are interconnected, and become the microstructure with required circuit function.Shell 2 is integrally formed Metal material, such as copper alloy, aluminium alloy etc..As shown in figure 4, the pole plate 8 deviates from the one side of the terminal plate 1 equipped with more Section ring 81 and grill 82.The height of the multistage ring 81 is greater than the height of the grill 82, has reached Support Capacitor the two poles of the earth The distance between plate, there are gaps, the space of vibration are provided for vibrating diaphragm 9, to change capacitance.The grill 82 Including intermediate plectane 85 and circumferential subplate 86, the circumferential direction subplate 86 is staggered with the multistage ring 81.The grill 82 Center be equipped with sound hole 84, the multistage ring 81 be equipped with plated through-hole 83, the sound hole and the plated through-hole are logical Hole.In the present embodiment, multistage ring 81 is set as three sections, there are three plated through-hole 83 is set, can also set four sections for multistage ring 81, Corresponding plated through-hole 83 is just set as four, and Standard can be made more stable, and the sound hole 84 is electrically connected with the elastic slice 5 It connects, the plated through-hole 83 is electrically connected with the metal polar ring 7.Plated through-hole, which is located at edge, can guarantee that transmission is reliable, sound hole position Keep vibrating diaphragm vibration uniform in center.

As described in figures 1 and 5, in the present embodiment, the elastic slice 5 includes the first bottom plate 51 and the second bottom plate parallel to each other 52, first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are connected by side plate 53, and the first bottom plate 51 is connect with terminal plate 1, the second bottom plate 52 and Pole plate 8 connects, and elastic slice 5 and pole plate 8 and terminal plate 1 are face contact.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, the electret microphone further includes shell 2, vibrating diaphragm 9, insulation spacer 4 and cavity ring 3, The vibrating diaphragm 9 is located at the lower section of the pole plate 8 and parallel to each other with the pole plate.The vibrating diaphragm of pole plate and subsidiary charge Constitute two poles of plane-parallel capacitor.In the present embodiment, the shell 2 includes side wall 21 and bottom plate 22, the side wall and bottom Plate surrounds part cavities 23, and the cavity ring 3 is attached on the side wall, and cavity ring accommodates metal polar ring, pole plate and vibrating diaphragm. The bottom plate 22 is equipped with into sound hole 24, and the insulation spacer 4 is set between the vibrating diaphragm 9 and bottom plate 22.

As shown in Figure 1, terminal plate 1 devises the component with elastic slice 5 with integrated IC6,9 structure of pole plate 8 and vibrating diaphragm At two poles of capacitor, the signal of variation is transferred to integrated IC6 through metal polar ring 7 and the first metal wire 11 by pole plate 8, simultaneously It is transferred to integrated IC6 through elastic slice 5 and the second metal wire 12 again, there is double-wire signal transmitting effect, signal is made to require no shell 2 Transmission improves extraneous jamproof ability, plays stable sensitivity, improve the purpose of signal-to-noise ratio.

Vibrating diaphragm constitutes the parallel of microphone with pole plate per se with charge, electricity Q, vibrating diaphragm parallel to each other Two poles of capacitor, capacitance C, the then voltage generated are U=Q/C, and extraneous voice signal is transferred to vibration by entering sound hole When on dynamic diaphragm, the capacitor C that vibrating diaphragm occurs vibration and constitutes pole plate and vibrating diaphragm changes, and electricity Q is constant, To which the voltage U generated changes, the metallized hole of the signal to change is transmitted to the metal pole being in contact with pole plate On ring, then through the first metal wire 11 integrated IC is transmitted a signal to, meanwhile, pole plate is by the signal to change through sound hole by signal It is transmitted on the elastic slice being in contact with pole plate, then transmits a signal to integrated IC through the second metal wire 12, so that realizing can be with Two-wire is encapsulated in electret microphone and inputs integrated IC, constitutes the pole plate of electret microphone with vibrating diaphragm parallel The signal that plate capacitor generates, can not be transmitted by shell, improved extraneous jamproof ability, played stable sensitivity, Improve the purpose of signal-to-noise ratio.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of electret microphone, it is characterised in that: including terminal plate and pole plate, collection is equipped between the terminal plate and pole plate At IC, elastic slice and metal polar ring, the integrated IC is fixedly connected with the terminal plate, the elastic slice respectively with the terminal plate and Pole plate electrical connection, the metal polar ring is electrically connected with the terminal plate and pole plate respectively, the integrated IC respectively with the elastic slice It is electrically connected with metal polar ring.

2. a kind of electret microphone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pole plate is wherein equipped with multistage on one side Ring and grill.

3. a kind of electret microphone according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the height of the multistage ring is greater than described The height of grill.

4. a kind of electret microphone according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the grill include intermediate plectane and Circumferential subplate, the circumferential direction subplate are staggered with the multistage ring.

5. a kind of electret microphone according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the center of the grill is equipped with Sound hole, the multistage are equipped with plated through-hole, and the sound hole and the plated through-hole are through-hole.

6. a kind of electret microphone according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the sound hole is electrically connected with the elastic slice It connects, the multistage ring is electrically connected with the metal polar ring.

7. a kind of electret microphone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electret microphone further includes outer Shell, vibrating diaphragm, insulation spacer and cavity ring, the vibrating diaphragm are located at the lower section of the pole plate and mutually equal with the pole plate Row.