CN208718007U - A kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank - Google Patents
A kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN208718007U CN208718007U CN201821310959.5U CN201821310959U CN208718007U CN 208718007 U CN208718007 U CN 208718007U CN 201821310959 U CN201821310959 U CN 201821310959U CN 208718007 U CN208718007 U CN 208718007U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumptions from superfeed pressure tank, it include: the connecting tube on the water-supply-pipe for being mounted on and being easy to happen water attack, the connecting tube is connect with the vertically-mounted pressure pot bottom that diameter is greater than water-supply-pipe, the pressurized tank is top closed, in pressurized tank or port is arranged in pressure pot sidewall, and the port is connect by snorkel with gas valve.The utility model is by way of being arranged in pressurized tank middle and lower part for port, once water level is higher than port in pressurized tank, gas by port discharge pressure tank and cannot form air cushion in pressurized tank.When water attack occurs, this air cushion can play the role of spring-like, and the concussion that water attack generates is preferably minimized, destruction of the water attack to pipe-line system is avoided.The utility model is provided with gas valve also on port, when water attack occurs, it will be able to from trend gas chamber tonifying Qi, avoid and cause serious water attack to destroy due to air disappearance in gas chamber.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumptions from superfeed pressure tank, be a kind of hydraulic facility, be a kind of pipeline
Safety devices.
Background technique
When pumping plant water-carriage system accident powers off, with the rapid decline of generating unit speed, or even reversely fly ease, in aqueduct
Water hammer occurs, reverse flow will occur for water flow, if hydraulic pressure is reduced to liquid pressure for vaporization, will generate column separation and show
As later, as making up for fluid column to form huge water slug tests, may cause unit damage and pipe explosion accident.
Pressurized tank is the commonly used equipment of Pressurized Water Delivery System water attack hazard protective.Under normal circumstances, the top of pressurized tank
It is compressed gas, lower part is liquid, and bottom port is connect with aqueduct T-type.When water attack occurs for aqueduct, with pipeline
The raising of hydraulic pressure, liquid prevent pipe explosion accident by pipeline feed pressure tank, gas compression to cut down the raising of pipeline hydraulic pressure
Occur；Then, with the decline of pipeline hydraulic pressure, gas expansion in tank, pressurized tank gives pipeline moisturizing, to prevent pipeline hydraulic pressure from reducing
To liquid pressure for vaporization, column separation phenomenon occurs.
Gas can dissolve in a liquid in pressurized tank, and with the outflow of pot liquid, gas can be lost, and flow into tank
New liq can be such that gas in tank dissolves again, therefore, need to be thought of as the timely tonifying Qi of pressurized tank when using pressurized tank, or make to press
Gas is isolated to prevent gas loss with liquid in power tank.
The pressurized tank used in water delivery engineering at present can be divided into three types, and air compressor machine automatic air-compensating type air pressurized tank is (often
Advise pressurized tank), gasbag-type pressurized tank, diaphragm type pressurized tank.Air compressor machine automatic air-compensating type air pressurized tank is by pressurized tank, air compressor machine and attached
Belong to automated system composition, after gas dissolution is lost in a liquid in tank, air compressor machine starts automatically as pressurized tank tonifying Qi.Air bag
Formula pressurized tank is to have installed an air bag additional in tank body, so that gas is isolated with liquid in tank, can be dissolved in avoid gas
Loss in liquid, advantage is after preparatory inflation without mating air compressor machine and attached automated system tonifying Qi, the disadvantage is that this
Novel gasbag-type pressurized tank price is higher, is at present about 100,000 yuan/m3, and air bag needs to regularly replace in tank, replacement
Cost is larger.Diaphragm type pressurized tank is to have installed a diaphragm additional in tank, so that gas is isolated with liquid in tank, with gasbag-type
Pressurized tank compares, and investment is less, but diaphragm interface high failure rate, reliability are poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumptions from superfeed pressure tank.
It is described the characteristics of making full use of Pipeline Water Hammer from superfeed pressure tank, at the top of pressurized tank, permanent mattress, and benefit are set
Pressurized tank automatic inflating device is given with gas valve, is not only not necessarily to mating air compressor machine and attached automated system, but also without in tank body
It is interior to install expensive air bag, small investment, high reliablity additional.
Purpose of the utility model is realized as follows: a kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank, comprising: be mounted on
The connecting tube being easy to happen on the water-supply-pipe of water attack, the connecting tube and diameter are greater than the vertically-mounted pressurized tank of water-supply-pipe
Bottom connection, the pressurized tank is top closed, and in pressurized tank or port is arranged in pressure pot sidewall, and the port passes through logical
Tracheae is connect with gas valve.
Further, the port is arranged in pressurized tank or pressure pot sidewall is close to the one third of bottom to two points
One of place.
Further, the snorkel is one section of vertical pipe passed through at the top of pressurized tank, and the vertical bottom of the tube is
Gas valve is arranged in the port, top.
Further, the snorkel includes one section and the level that pressure pot sidewall is arranged in connect with the port
Pipe, the horizontal tube are connect with one section of standpipe, and gas valve is arranged in the standpipe end.
Further, the gas valve is air valve or air admission valve.
The beneficial effect that the utility model generates is: port by being arranged in the side of pressurized tank middle and lower part by the utility model
Formula, once water level is higher than port in pressurized tank, gas cannot be thus equal to by port discharge pressure tank in pressurized tank
A permanent gas chamber is provided in pressurized tank, no matter in what situations, the air of certain quantity can be accommodated in gas chamber
And form air cushion.When water attack occurs, this air cushion can play the role of spring-like, and the concussion that water attack is generated is dropped
To minimum, destruction of the water attack to pipe-line system is avoided.The utility model is provided with gas valve also on port, can mend automatically
Gas.This tonifying Qi mode is not necessarily to artificial control, does not also need the control of the automated systems such as electronics, when water attack occurs, energy
Enough from trend gas chamber tonifying Qi, avoids and cause serious water attack to destroy due to air disappearance in gas chamber.Since port position is set
Set it is ingenious, even if gas valve occur principal fault, can ensure there is enough gas in pressurized tank always.
Detailed description of the invention
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is pressurized tank schematic diagram of the port described in the embodiments of the present invention one in pressurized tank；
Fig. 2 is pressurized tank schematic diagram of the port described in the embodiments of the present invention one on pressure pot sidewall.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is a kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption from superfeed pressure tank, comprising: is mounted on the water delivery for being easy to happen water attack
Connecting tube 2 on pipe 1, the connecting tube is connect with vertically-mounted 3 bottom of pressurized tank that diameter is greater than water-supply-pipe, described
Pressurized tank is top closed, and in pressurized tank or port 4 is arranged in pressure pot sidewall, as shown in Figure 1, 2.The port passes through ventilation
Pipe 5 is connect with gas valve 6.
" water-supply-pipe for being easy to happen water attack " described in the present embodiment is usually the outlet pipe of water pump, especially large pump
Water-supply-pipe.Since the rotor inertia of large pump is big, the water attack of generation is also larger, highly desirable to prevent water attack from destroying
Facility.
Pressurized tank is vertical cylinder under normal conditions, to guarantee that the space for being large enough to hold air is arranged at cylinder top.Cylinder
Upper and lower ends closed with hemispherical shell, the bottom of pressurized tank be water and air disengaging channel.
The water-supply-pipe is horizontal under normal conditions or close to horizontal, but be also possible under special circumstances vertically or
It approaches vertically, but the broken pipe that at this moment connecting tube should then have one section of horizontal segment and one section of vertical section to connect together is constituted, so as to
Connect the bottom of pressurized tank.
The key of the present embodiment is the setting of port position.In previous design, has and pressurized tank is arranged in port
Top, it is such to be arranged when hydraulic pressure is larger, it is possible to air is completely exhausted out in pressurized tank, pressurized tank loses mattress,
Make the event resolves for buffering water attack, this cannot allow to occur.There are also it is a kind of design be port is not set on pressurized tank, and
Valve for pressure difference is set on the channel (connecting tube) of the water and air disengaging of bottom, although such design can be good at solving sky
The problem of air cushion disappears, but valve for pressure difference is excessively complicated, and manufacturing cost is higher, while the air in tank also poorly controls, air
It is also possible to being completely filled with pressurized tank, the effect for losing mattress can be also generated.How to solve the problems, such as that air is excessive or very few,
And cleverly scheme simple this gives one: port is arranged in the middle and lower part of pressurized tank, when the water in pressurized tank
When position is more than port, the air in pressurized tank is nowhere discharged, and can only be gathered in the upper half in pressurized tank, is formed mattress, is subtracted
The impact of water attack in slow pipeline.The position of air scoop determines the shape of holding half tank water and half ullage gas stable in pressurized tank
State can change the state of this half tank water and half ullage gas in no instance.
The present embodiment is exactly to have abandoned complicated automatically controlled automated system and valuableness using simple port change in location
Elastic membrane has reached the automatic adjustment for being not necessarily to manual intervention completely, while greatly dropping under the premise of not consuming any energy
The low cost of pressurized tank.
The present embodiment is also provided with gas valve, during water attack generates, can automatically adjust in pressurized tank
Air capacity makes air capacity be maintained at the half of about pressurized tank, in addition the meltage of air in water, air is in pressurized tank
It is capable of forming good mattress, effectively alleviates the active force of water attack.
Since the lower half of pressurized tank is arranged in port, can there are two types of be arranged mode:
One is port to be arranged on the side wall of pressurized tank, i.e., port is set on the side wall of pressurized tank, and in port
Upper setting gas valve.In general, it needs that a Duan Zheguan, i.e. band is arranged between the port and gas valve on side wall
There is the pipeline of horizontal segment and vertical section, so that gas valve is in horizontal state, in favor of the opening and closing of gas valve.
Another way is that a standpipe led in pressurized tank is arranged across the top of pressurized tank.The bottom end of standpipe is
Gas valve is arranged in port, top.The length of standpipe is the position that port has been determined in pressurized tank.
The effect of gas valve is particularly significant in the present embodiment.The course of work of gas valve are as follows: when entire water-carriage system
When water-filling, gas valve is opened, water gradually be full of entire water-carriage system, extra air in system is discharged.Work as appearance
When water attack, due to the effect of negative pressure, gas valve is opened, and air is sucked, and supplements the air in pressurized tank.In normal water delivery process
In, the tank inner end of gas valve is filled with water, and at this moment air door should prevent water discharge pressure tank.Thus, it is possible to find out, lead to
The effect of air valve is to enable air in into or out pressurized tank, but prevent the into or out pressurized tank of water.
Gas valve in the present embodiment is a kind of valve of one-way or bi-directional ventilation, the both ends of valve be divided into pipe end and
Air end, i.e. one end connecting pipe, the other end do not have pipeline, directly connect with atmosphere.Gas valve in the present embodiment can be with
It is that air valve is also possible to air admission valve.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is that embodiment one is refined about port position.Gas described in the present embodiment
Mouth be arranged in pressurized tank or one third to half of the pressure pot sidewall apart from pressure pot bottom at.
The position of port is particularly significant, to be carried out under normal conditions according to the integrality of water-carriage system, the size of gas tank
Accurate to calculate, this gives the ranges of position: at the 1/3-1/2 apart from pressure pot bottom, in Fig. 1 represented by H
The 1/3-1/2 of pressurized tank total height.After water level is more than this position, the air in pressurized tank can not just escape out pressurized tank,
Form effective air cushion.This highly also contemplates the case where air is dissolved in water, if this port is apart from pressure tank deck
Portion is excessively close, when water attack occurs, it is possible to which water is very big to the pressure of air, it may appear that the air in air cushion is completely dissolved in water
The case where, in this way, mattress may completely disappear.In addition, thering is air to be largely dissolved in water after water attack each time occurs
In, and taken away by water flow, that is to say, that the air in pressurized tank needs continuous supplement, but due to the presence of port, works as water attack
When generating negative pressure, gas valve is opened, and admits air into pressurized tank, naturally generates the effect of tonifying Qi.To realize tonifying Qi,
The position of port can not be too low, too low to will affect tonifying Qi effect.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement in above-described embodiment about snorkel.The present embodiment institute
The snorkel stated is one section of vertical pipe passed through at the top of pressurized tank, and the vertical bottom of the tube is the port, top setting
Gas valve, as shown in Figure 1.
The key of the present embodiment is for port to be arranged in pressurized tank.The top that one section of standpipe passes through pressurized tank enters pressure
In power tank, and it is deep into the position apart from pressure pot bottom 1/2-1/3, at this moment the nozzle of this section of riser bottom is exactly port, and
The top of standpipe, due to the advantage of its standpipe, installation gas valve that can be directly horizontal, without reconnecting any change side
To branch pipe.
Example IV:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement in above-described embodiment about snorkel.The present embodiment institute
The snorkel stated includes one section and the horizontal tube that pressure pot sidewall is arranged in connect with the port, the horizontal tube and one
Gas valve is arranged in Duan Liguan connection, the standpipe end, as shown in Figure 2.
Port is arranged on the side wall of pressurized tank in the present embodiment, since most gas valves needs are horizontally mounted, because
Gas valve, cannot be directly installed on port by this, and one section is also connected on port and is made of horizontal tube and vertical pipe
Broken pipe, to ensure the normal operation of gas valve.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement in above-described embodiment about gas valve.The present embodiment
The gas valve is air valve or air admission valve.
Air valve is a kind of hydraulic pressure in pipe-line system or air pressure less than or equal under external atmospheric pressure state, is kept out
The valve opened, in this state, the air of pipeline external are able to enter in pipe-line system or keep inside and outside pipeline balance.Work as pipe
When the air pressure of road internal system is greater than external atmospheric pressure, valve still is able to open, and generates the effect of exhaust, but work as valve pipe
End is filled with water, and when hydraulic pressure is greater than pipeline external atmospheric pressure, valve is closed, it can thus be seen that air valve is a kind of double
To gas valve, it may be assumed that air can enter pipe-line system by air valve, and air can also pass through air valve discharge line system
System.
The present embodiment mainly considers during pipe-line system water-filling that air valve can play discharge using air valve
The effect of air in pipe-line system, this is particularly significant for large-scale pipe-line system.Because space is big in large-scale pipe-line system,
It is less susceptible to for air being discharged completely in water filling process, needs more exhaust outlet.
Air admission valve is a kind of one-way ventilation valve, when in pipe-line system hydraulic pressure or atmospheric pressure less than or equal to outside
In the state of atmospheric pressure, the valve remained turned-off, in this state, the air of pipeline external can not enter pipe-line system
It is interior.When air pressure unlike air valve inside pipe-line system is greater than external atmospheric pressure, valve is in and cannot open, i.e.,
The effect of exhaust cannot be generated.Identical with air valve to be, when valve pipe end is filled with water, and hydraulic pressure is greater than pipeline external
When atmospheric pressure, valve is closed.Air admission valve ability when air pressure or hydraulic pressure only inside pipe-line system are less than external atmospheric pressure
It opens.It can thus be seen that air admission valve is a kind of one-way ventilation valve, it may be assumed that air can only be entered by air admission valve
Pipe-line system, and the air in pipe-line system cannot pass through air admission valve offtake piping system.
Air admission valve is generally used in medium and small pipe-line system.Due to medium and small pipe-line system inner space compared with
Small, air is easier in offtake piping system in water filling process, can not be considered air discharge pressure tank, when water is full of pipe
After road system, the air that pressurized tank is is capable of being dissolved in water for part, and half tank water, half ullage can be equally formed in pressurized tank
The state of gas.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is a kind of pressurized tank water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption using pressurized tank described in embodiment one from supplementing method for air.This
The principle of embodiment the method is:
The working principle of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption from the superfeed pressure tank arrangement of this patent utility model is:
(1) before aqueduct water-filling, there is no water in pressurized tank, be full of air, air pressure is atmospheric pressure, and gas valve closes
It closes.During pressure pipeline water-filling, with the rising of water level in tank, gas compression, gas valve is not vented, then, with
Pipeline hydraulic pressure raising perhaps decline gas chamber compression or expansion, with cut down water attack harm.
(2) in the normal water delivery of pumping plant, gas valve is closed always.When unit failure power-off, under aqueduct pressure
It drops, gas expansion in tank, pressurized tank is to pipeline moisturizing, to cut down the decrease speed of hydraulic pressure, prevents pipeline from column separation occurs existing
As；When snorkel bottom end, pressure drops to atmospheric pressure or less, the gas valve tonifying Qi into tank at once, at this moment, the work of pressurized tank
With bidirectional pressure regulating room is equivalent to, continue to pipeline moisturizing；Then as the raising of aqueduct hydraulic pressure, water level rises in tank, when
When air pressure is more than atmospheric pressure in tank, gas valve closes be not vented rapidly, then, with the raising or decline of pipeline hydraulic pressure,
Gas chamber compression or expansion, to cut down water attack harm.
(3) when the normal water delivery of pumping plant, pressurized tank gas is dissolved completely in liquid.Under unit failure power blackout situation,
Once snorkel base pressure is less than atmospheric pressure, then the gas valve tonifying Qi into tank at once, pressurized tank is just as bidirectional pressure regulating room one
Sample gives aqueduct moisturizing, to cut down the decrease speed of hydraulic pressure, prevents pipeline from column separation phenomenon occurs, while floating on air
Gas chamber is formed at the top of pressurized tank；Then as the raising of aqueduct hydraulic pressure, water level rises in tank, when snorkel bottom end pressure is super
Cross atmospheric pressure, then gas valve closes be not vented rapidly, then, with the raising or decline of pipeline hydraulic pressure, gas chamber compression or
Person's expansion, to cut down water attack harm.
The method includes following detailed processes:
One, the process of water-filling: before water delivery pipeline system water-filling, not having water in pressurized tank, is full of air, air pressure is atmosphere
Pressure, gas valve are closed or in the open state, during water delivery pipeline system water-filling, with the rising of water level in tank,
Gas compression or part discharge pressure tank, after the water level in pressurized tank is more than port, the air in pressurized tank is not then exhausted from pressure
The reason of power tank, the water level in pressurized tank can only slowly rise, slowly rise is that the air in pressurized tank is compressed, and is pressed simultaneously
Air part in power tank is dissolved in water, after the air in pressurized tank is compressed to the limit and water dissolution reaches capacity, pressure
Water level in power tank stops rising.
Two, the process of normal water delivery: during water delivery pipeline system normal water delivery, gas valve is in close state,
It is air that pressurized tank, which is in top half, and lower half portion is the stable state of water, and the air of pressurized tank top half is in compression
State has dissolved large quantity of air in the water of pressurized tank lower half portion.
Three, the process that water attack occurs: when water attack occurs for water delivery pipeline system, firstly, the pressure in water delivery pipeline system
Rapid decrease, the water in pressurized tank are sucked out by water delivery pipeline system, stay in the gas in pressurized tank in water and be precipitated rapidly, in pipe
Original gas fusion, while original gas expansion in pressurized tank, go out pressurized tank, aqueduct system for the hydraulic pressure in pressurized tank
System moisturizing prevents pipeline from column separation phenomenon occurs to cut down the decrease speed of hydraulic pressure.
When the pressure in water delivery pipeline system drops to atmospheric pressure or less, also cause air pressure in pressurized tank and hydraulic pressure
Decline, at this moment, no matter whether the water level in pressurized tank is lower than port, gas valve can all be opened, the tonifying Qi into pressurized tank, tonifying Qi
While pressurized tank continue to water delivery pipeline system moisturizing.
By moisturizing and tonifying Qi, play the role of reducing pressure in water delivery pipeline system quickly reduces pressurized tank.
Then as the raising of hydraulic pressure in water delivery pipeline system, water level rises in pressurized tank, when air pressure is more than in pressurized tank
When atmospheric pressure, gas valve is closed；Air compression and portion as the hydraulic pressure in water delivery pipeline system continues growing, in pressurized tank
Divide and is dissolved into water.
Pressurized tank passes through the compression and dissolution of air, plays the work for reducing that pressure quicklys increase in water delivery pipeline system
With.
In water attack generating process, the moisturizing and tonifying Qi, compression and dissolution of pressurized tank repeatedly, by the hydraulic pressure during water attack
Increase and reduced concussion and the impact of pipeline is preferably minimized repeatedly.
Embodiment seven:
The present embodiment is a kind of design method of above-mentioned pressurized tank, and mainly design calculates each critical parameter: true
Empty destructive valve is ventilated aperture, the tolerance that air is dissolved in tank, pressurized tank size, pipe diameter of ventilating and length.
(1) design in air admission valve ventilation aperture:
The air quality flow for flowing through gas valve depends on managing the pressure of outer atmospherep a (absolute pressure), absolute temperatureT a 、
And the absolute temperature in pipeTAnd pressurep(absolute pressure).
Assuming that air is flowed into subsonic speed, then
, 0.35 <p r < 1 (1)
In formula:For air quality flow kg/s；QTo flow into air mass flow, m3/s；ρGas density in tank, kg/m3,ρ a For atmospheric density, kg/m3；C in The discharge coefficient of valve when for air inlet；p a For atmospheric pressure, Pa；A in The stream of valve when for air inlet
Logical area, m2；p r = p / p a For pressurized tank air chamber pressurepRelative value.
When designing gas valve ventilation aperture, gas chamber should be avoided and depth negative pressure occur, make pressurized tank air pressure close to atmosphere
Pressure, at this momentρIt is approximately equal toρ a ,QEqual to the flow of pressurized tank trickleQ v .Under normal circumstances,Q v It is normal less than aqueduct
FlowQ v , it may be assumed that
Q=Q v <Q p =A v (2)
In formula:AFor aqueduct sectional area, m2；vFor flow rate of water flow in water-supply-pipe, m/s.
Formula (2) are substituted into formula (1) and are takenρ≈ ρ a , it can obtain,
Or:
(3)
In formula:For gas valve ventilate aperture relative value, whereinDFor aqueduct internal diameter, m.
In general, i.e., 20 degrees Celsius and normal atmosphere pressure,p a =101325.0 Pa,ρ a =1.205kg/m3。
In normal water delivery, aqueduct flow velocityV< 2.0m/s,C in It is approximately equal to 0.7, gas valve phase can be calculated by formula (3)
To apertureWith absolute pressure relative valuep r And pipe flow speedVCorresponding relationship, be shown in Table 1, in which:p r =1.0, indicate air pressure in tank
For atmospheric pressure；p r < 1.0 indicates that air pressure is less than atmospheric pressure in tank, and relative pressure is negative pressure, for example, working asp r =0.9, gas in tank
Small 1.0m head of pressure ratio atmospheric pressure or so, relative pressure are about -1.0m head.
Table 1.Withp r WithVCorresponding relationship
Observation table 1 is as it can be seen that when takingWhen, i.e., when gas valve latus rectum is 15% aqueduct internal diameter, pressurized tank
Interior negative pressure > -1.0m head.In this case, the transient process of pressurized tank tonifying Qi process water level is similar with surge-chamber.
(2) meltage of air in water:
Air belongs to indissoluble gases to water, its balance meltage in water is directly proportional to dissolved-air pressure, and has with temperature
It closes.The dissolution equilibrium of air in water can be indicated with Henry's law are as follows:
C a =K T p(4)
In formula:C a For the saturation solubility of air in water, L/m3；p(it is equal to table for the absolute pressure of superjacent gas
Pressure adds atmospheric pressure), kPa；K T For Henry's constant or solubility coefficient, L/kPam3,K T The relationship of value and temperature is listed in
Table 2.The course of dissolution of gas is very slow, but the speed of gas release is very fast.Hydraulic Transient continues under normal circumstances
Time it is very short, the dissolution and release of gas in tank can not be considered during Hydraulic Transient calculates.
Table 2K T With the relationship of temperature
Due to liquid dissolution gas it is more, the mass density of solution is smaller, so, in tank solution air content distribution be from
The water surface is gradually reduced to tank bottom.Assuming that fluid temperature is identical as fluid temperature in pressurized tank in aqueduct, then when normal water delivery
Air is dissolved in the balance meltage volume of liquid and is in tank
V s < 0.001K T V w (p?p a ) (5)
In formula:V s For the volume of air (under corresponding atmospheric pressure) for being dissolved in pot liquid, m3；V w For pot liquid
Volume, m3；p a For the absolute pressure of atmosphere, kPa.At normal atmospheric pressure,p a =101.325 kPa。
When by pressurized tank is vertical with aqueduct connect when, in normal conditions, can accomplish to make pipeline water flow to pressure
The disturbance of tank is small, does not make the gas outflow tank body for being dissolved in pot liquid.In other words, in the period of nominal situation is certain,
The tolerance being dissolved in pot liquid gradually increases at any time reach saturation after, as long as no liquid flow out pressurized tank, gas chamber gas
Amount is maintained for relatively stable.
(3) design of pressure tank volume:
Assume initially that pressurized tank gas is dissolved completely in liquid, i.e., pressurized tank initial gas volume is zero, is then passed through
Calculations of Hydraulic Transient calculates the dimensional parameters for determining pressurized tank.During the power-off aqueduct pressure decline of water pump accident,
If gas valve tonifying Qi is sufficient, pressurized tank functions as unidirectional surge tank, height and volumeAccording to meeting pipeline
Vacuum cavitations require to be selected.
Consider gas dissolution, the calculating of chamber volume operated normally after water-filling:
If assuming, the pressure in any instantaneous pressure tank gas chamber everywhere is all identical, and the friction of the inertia and locular wall of gas can
It ignores, under conditions of not considering gas dissolution or overflowing, it is assumed that gas obeys reversible polytropic relation, then:
pV k = p a V a k (6)
In formula:kFor polytropic exponent；V a It is atmospheric pressure for air pressure in tankp a When gas chamber volume, m3；VFor air pressure in tank
ForpWhen gas chamber volume, m3.IndexkThermodynamic process depending on gas, if it is assumed that it is to improve gas, an extreme feelings
Condition is constant temperature processk =1 or another extreme case can be constant entropy (reversible, insulation) processk = 1.4.For same
Chamber volume variation, the pressure change of adiabatic process is larger, so this process is more conservative.It is cracking for the response time
Small gas chamber, this process may be considered constant entropy.Pressurized tank gas chamber belongs to small gas chamber, therefore can adopt in design calculation process
Withk = 1.4。
When the gas loss for considering to be dissolved in pot liquid, then:
pV k = p a (V a ?V s ) k (7)
Under the conditions of gas valve is gastight, pressurized tank is correspondingp a Volume of air be equal to pressurized tank volume,
V a = V z (8)
In formula:V z For the volume of pressurized tank, m3。
Joint type (7) and formula (8),
(9)
In formula:V s For the volume of air (under corresponding atmospheric pressure) for being dissolved in pot liquid, m3。
Wushu (5) substitutes into formula (9) and obtains:
(10)
The volume of pressurized tank liquid:
(11)
So:
。
Arrange the calculation formula that chamber volume is operated normally after can must considering gas dissolution water-filling:
(12).
Such as: it is knownp a =101.325 kPa, temperature are0C,p=5101.325 kPa,V z =10.0m3, askV:
Solution: it is obtained by formula (5) and table 2:
When takingk =1.4, it is obtained by formula (12):
。
(4) breather pipe design:
It is identical as gas valve latus rectum to can use ventilation pipe diameter when design.When not considering the dissolution of gas, pressurized tank is just
The maximum gas volume often run are as follows:
(13)
In the figure and dimensional parameters of well-known pressure tanks, then ventilation length of tube can be calculatedL。
Such as: it is knownp a =101.325 kPa, temperature are0C,p=5101.325 kPa, pressurized tank are cylinder, directly
DiameterD=2.0m,V z =10.0m3, askV:
Solution: when takingk =1.4, it is obtained by formula (13):
It then ventilates length of tube:
。
Finally it should be noted that being merely intended for describing the technical solutions of the present application, but not for limiting the present application above, although referring to compared with
The utility model is described in detail in good arrangement, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to this reality
With novel technical solution (such as number of pressurized tank, form, utilization, the sequencing of operational process of various formula etc.) into
Row modification or equivalent replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank, comprising: the connecting tube being mounted on the water-supply-pipe for being easy to happen water attack,
The connecting tube is connect with the vertically-mounted pressure pot bottom that diameter is greater than water-supply-pipe, which is characterized in that the pressure
Tank top closing, in pressurized tank or port is arranged in pressure pot sidewall, and the port is connect by snorkel with gas valve.
2. pressurized tank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the port is arranged in pressurized tank or pressurized tank side
Wall is close at the one third to half of bottom.
3. pressurized tank according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the snorkel is one section and passes through at the top of pressurized tank
Vertical pipe, the vertical bottom of the tube are the port, and gas valve is arranged in top.
4. pressurized tank according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the snorkel includes one section and is arranged in pressurized tank side
The horizontal tube that wall is connect with the port, the horizontal tube are connect with one section of standpipe, and ventilation is arranged in the standpipe end
Valve.
5. the pressurized tank according to claim 3 or 2, which is characterized in that the gas valve is that air valve or vacuum are broken
Bad valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821310959.5U CN208718007U (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821310959.5U CN208718007U (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN208718007U true CN208718007U (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108978793A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-11 | 北京宇豪胜水利科技咨询有限公司 | A kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank and method and pressurized tank design method |
-
2018
- 2018-08-15 CN CN201821310959.5U patent/CN208718007U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108978793A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-11 | 北京宇豪胜水利科技咨询有限公司 | A kind of water impact preventing Non-energy-consumption is from superfeed pressure tank and method and pressurized tank design method |
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