CN208625698U - A kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope - Google Patents
A kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN208625698U CN208625698U CN201721924755.6U CN201721924755U CN208625698U CN 208625698 U CN208625698 U CN 208625698U CN 201721924755 U CN201721924755 U CN 201721924755U CN 208625698 U CN208625698 U CN 208625698U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses blood flow imaging devices, comprising: light supply apparatus, imaging len, image information separator, focusing mechanism and processing unit；Light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；Imaging len is located on the transmission path of the reflected light of the reflected light of the laser beam of observed object reflection and the incoherent light light beam of observed object reflection；The corresponding optical signal of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam through image information separator, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal；Focusing mechanism generates focusing order-driven imaging len auto-focusing according to the incoherent light light beam after separation；Processing unit corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image that electric signal generates observation object using laser beam；Incoherent light light beam realization auto-focusing can be separated from optical signal, and the invention also discloses endoscopes, have above-mentioned beneficial effect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to complementary medicine diagnostic techniques field, in particular to a kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope.
Background technique
Due to the laser beam of the scattering of observation object or reflection, the particle of random distribution can be formed due to interfering in imaging surface
Shape pattern, i.e. " speckle ".The movement velocity of scattering particles (such as red blood cell) in the fog-level and observation object of speckle pattern
Correlation can carry out quantization signifying by speckle contrast (i.e. the ratio of the standard deviation of light intensity and light intensity mean value).Scattering particles fortune
Dynamic speed is bigger, then speckle contrast is lower.Laser speckle blood current imaging is based on the above principles, each in speckle image by calculating
Speckle contrast in area of space can reconstruct two-dimentional blood flow velocity distributed image.Laser speckle imaging is without scanning, tool
There is the characteristics of high spatial resolution and high time resolution.
However, causing since the speckle pattern that laser lighting is formed masks the structural information of observation object in laser
The problem of carrying out auto-focusing is often difficult in the case where illumination.In the past, it is common practice to first in white light or other colors
Manual focus is carried out under illumination of incoherent light, is then switched to laser lighting again, carries out laser speckle blood current imaging.But it is deposited
In following disadvantage: i.e. before carrying out laser speckle blood current imaging, needing illumination light being switched to noncoherent illumination from laser
Light carries out optical focusing under illumination of incoherent light, is then switched to laser lighting again, carries out laser speckle blood current imaging, makes
It is relatively complicated and inconvenient at operating process.
Therefore, how when carrying out laser speckle blood current imaging realization is accurately focused in real time, be those skilled in the art
The technical issues that need to address.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope, can be realized in laser beam and non-
Beam of coherent light carries out auto-focusing when irradiating simultaneously, simplify user's operation, improves user experience.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of blood flow imaging device, comprising: light supply apparatus, imaging
Lens, image information separator, focusing mechanism and processing unit；Wherein:
The light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；
The imaging len is located at by the reflected light of the laser beam of the observation object reflection and by the observation object
On the transmission path of the reflected light of the incoherent light light beam of reflection；
Through described image information separator by the reflection of the reflected light of the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam
The corresponding optical signal of light is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam
Corresponding electric signal；
It is automatic that the focusing mechanism generates imaging len described in order-driven of focusing according to the incoherent light light beam after separation
Focusing；
The processing unit corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity that electric signal generates the observation object using the laser beam
Image.
Optionally, described image information separator is color image sensor；The corresponding laser beam and described
The wavelength band of incoherent light light beam is not overlapped.
Optionally, described image information separator includes: the first monochrome image sensor, the second monochrome image sensor
And light-dividing device；Wherein,
The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；
First monochrome image sensor corresponds to telecommunications for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
Number output is to the processing unit；
Second monochrome image sensor, the incoherent light light beam for will separate are converted into incoherent light light beam
Corresponding electric signal is exported to the processing unit.
Optionally, described image information separator includes: third monochrome image sensor, the 4th color image sensor
And light-dividing device；Wherein,
The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；
The third monochrome image sensor corresponds to telecommunications for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
Number output is to the processing unit；
4th color image sensor, the incoherent light light beam for will separate are converted into incoherent light light beam
Corresponding electric signal is exported to the processing unit.
Optionally, described image information separator includes: dichroscope and the 5th monochrome image sensor；Wherein,
The dichroscope, for transmiting laser beam in the optical signal, incoherent light light beam is reflected；
5th monochrome image sensor, the laser beam for transmiting the dichroscope are converted into laser beam
Corresponding electric signal is exported to the processing unit.
Optionally, the focusing mechanism includes: focusing counting circuit, motor control circuit and transfer member；Wherein, described
Transfer member is fixedly connected with the imaging len；
The focusing counting circuit calculates image clarity values for corresponding to electric signal using the incoherent light light beam,
And the driving parameter of the motor control circuit is determined according to described image definition values；
The motor control circuit drives the imaging len for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator
It is moved along the vertical imaging len direction.
Optionally, the focusing mechanism includes: focusing light path, focusing counting circuit, motor control circuit and transmission
Component；Wherein, the transfer member is fixedly connected with the imaging len；
The focusing light path for the optical signal for filtering out the laser beam to be divided into two-way optical path, and is counted respectively
Calculate corresponding phase；
The focusing counting circuit, the phase difference for calculating the phase determine the driving ginseng of the motor control circuit
Number；
The motor control circuit drives the imaging len for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator
It is moved along the vertical imaging len direction.
Optionally, the transfer member is rack-and-pinion transfer member or screw rod transfer member.
Optionally, the processing unit further include: display unit, for showing the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image.
Optionally, the light supply apparatus further include: LMDS Light Coupled Device and light-conductive optic fibre；Wherein,
The LMDS Light Coupled Device, for coupling the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam；
The light-conductive optic fibre, the light beam after being used for transmission coupling, and in the light emitting end of the light-conductive optic fibre to the sight
The light beam after examining object transmitting coupling.
The utility model also provides a kind of endoscope, comprising: blood flow imaging device as described in any one of the above embodiments.
A kind of blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model, comprising: light supply apparatus, imaging len, image information point
From device, focusing mechanism and processing unit；Light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；Imaging
Lens are located at the reflection of the reflected light of the laser beam of observed object reflection and the incoherent light light beam of observed object reflection
On the transmission path of light；It is through image information separator that the reflected light of laser beam and the reflected light of incoherent light light beam is corresponding
Optical signal be separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into the corresponding electricity of laser beam
Signal；Focusing mechanism generates focusing order-driven imaging len auto-focusing according to the incoherent light light beam after separation；Processing dress
It sets and corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image that electric signal generates observation object using laser beam；
As it can be seen that the blood flow imaging device passes through image information separator for the laser beam and incoherent light in optical signal
Light beam is separated, and focusing mechanism is allowed to carry out auto-focusing operation according to the incoherent light light beam received, thus real
Present laser beam and incoherent light light beam carry out auto-focusing when irradiating simultaneously, simplify user's operation, improve user experience；This
Utility model also discloses a kind of endoscope, has above-mentioned beneficial effect, details are not described herein.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment
Or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
It is the embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, also
Other attached drawings can be obtained according to the attached drawing of offer.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural block diagram of blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the constituted mode of the colored filter matrix of color image sensor provided by the utility model embodiment
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural block diagram of another kind blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the structural block diagram of another blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram of another blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The core of the utility model is to provide a kind of blood flow imaging device, can be realized in laser beam and incoherent light light
Beam carries out auto-focusing when irradiating simultaneously, simplify user's operation, improves user experience；Another core of the utility model is to provide
A kind of endoscope.
It is practical new below in conjunction with this to keep the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer
Attached drawing in type embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, it is clear that is retouched
The embodiment stated is the utility model a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the implementation in the utility model
Example, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to
The range of the utility model protection.
Referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of structural block diagram of blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model embodiment；It should
Blood flow imaging device (can be referred to as device) may include: light supply apparatus 2, imaging len 3, image information separator 5, right
Coke installation 6 and processing unit 7；Wherein:
Light supply apparatus 2 is to observation 101 outgoing laser beams of object and incoherent light light beam；
What the reflected light and observed object 101 for the laser beam that imaging len 3 is reflected positioned at observed object 101 reflected
On the transmission path of the reflected light of incoherent light light beam；
The corresponding light of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is believed through image information separator 5
Number it is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal；
Focusing mechanism 6 generates focusing 3 auto-focusing of order-driven imaging len according to the incoherent light light beam after separation；
Processing unit 7 corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image that electric signal generates observation object using laser beam.
Wherein, the present embodiment does not carry out the intensity for the laser beam and incoherent light light beam being emitted in light supply apparatus 2
It limits.Such as the parameter informations such as intensity for not limiting laser beam and incoherent light light beam.User can be according to practical application
Situation is set.Laser light source module and outgoing in the present embodiment in light supply apparatus 2 with outgoing laser beams is incoherent
The incoherent light light source module of light light beam.The present embodiment is not defined the concrete composition structure of the two light source modules,
Such as it can be existing light source module structure.Specifically, laser light source module can be by laser drive circuit 9 and 8 groups of laser
At passing through 8 outgoing laser beams of laser.Incoherent light light source module can be by incoherent light driving circuit 11 and incoherent light 10
Composition, passes through 10 outgoing laser beams of incoherent light.The parameter information of two light beams can be controlled by processing unit 7.This reality
It applies example not to be defined the setting position of light supply apparatus 2, as long as it can irradiate observation object 101.
The present embodiment does not limit the transmission form of laser beam and incoherent light light beam, such as two light beams can pass through
Optical path independent is transmitted, be respectively radiated to observation object 101 on, be also possible to two light beams carry out close beam couple
Transmission is carried out together afterwards to be irradiated on observation object 101.
In order to improve radiation response, it is preferred that light supply apparatus 2 can also include: LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 and light-conductive optic fibre 13；
Wherein, LMDS Light Coupled Device 12, for coupling laser beam and incoherent light light beam；Light-conductive optic fibre 13, is used for transmission coupling
Light beam after conjunction, and the light beam after the light emitting end of light-conductive optic fibre 13 is coupled to observation object transmitting.Wherein, LMDS Light Coupled Device
12 are located at the output end of laser 8 and incoherent light 10, and the output end of LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 connect with 13 input terminal of light-conductive optic fibre, leads
The light emitting end of light optical fiber 13 emits the light beam after coupling to observation object.Position is arranged in LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 and light-conductive optic fibre 13
Fig. 1 can be referred to form.
Specifically, carrying out conjunction beam by the light beam that LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 is emitted laser 8 and incoherent light 10, pass through leaded light
Optical fiber 13 transmits, and is emitted in light emitting end, and irradiation observation object (indicates observation object with 101 in Fig. 1).
By Fig. 1 it can also be seen that observation object 101, imaging len 3 and the setting of image information separator 5 are straight at one
On line, i.e., arrange on the imaging transmission path of light beam.Light can also be set between imaging len 3 and observation object 101
4 control of circle enters the light quantity of imaging len 3.The model to imaging len 3 and aperture 4 and structure do not carry out specifically the present embodiment
It limits.It can be selected according to actual needs.
Blood flow imaging device needs to switch light illumination mode when being focused in the prior art, that is, needs first in white-light illuminating
Under focus, then switch back into laser lighting and be imaged.If imaging object appearance is such as exhaled in laser lighting imaging process
Situations such as shaking caused by suction, laser blood-stream image will obscure and the situation of blood flow velocity calculation inaccuracy, and focuses
Journey troublesome operation is inconvenient.It in order to avoid the appearance of such case, needs to realize auto-focusing, realizes that the premise of auto-focusing is exactly
Can permit laser and incoherent light can illuminate simultaneously, i.e., it is real can to carry out image procossing when the two is irradiated simultaneously for the device
The imaging for now observing the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of object, can not need frequent switching illumination light at this time and come to laser lighting
The case where focus.
In order to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of progress image procossing realization observation object when the two is irradiated simultaneously
Imaging just allows for isolating the corresponding optical signal of laser in the reflected beams of observation object 101 and incoherent light is corresponding
Optical signal can be by the reflected light of the reflected light of the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam corresponding optical signal point
From for laser beam and incoherent light light beam.And then it may be implemented to be converted into laser beam correspondence using the laser beam after separation
Electric signal, and root accordingly generates the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of observation object；It is realized certainly using the incoherent light light beam after separation
The process of dynamic focusing.Use image information separator 5 by the reflected light of the laser beam and the non-phase in the present embodiment
The corresponding optical signal of reflected light of dry light light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and by the laser beam after separation
It is converted into laser beam and corresponds to the imaging that electric signal exports into processing unit 7 the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of progress, after separation
Incoherent light light beam export into focusing mechanism 6 and make focusing mechanism 6.It can solve to use an achromatic map in the prior art
As sensor to observation object picture shoot, due to that cannot have the case where laser beam and incoherent light light beam at the same time
Under focus, therefore be merely able to irradiate first with incoherent light and be focused using incoherent light light beam, completed in focusing
Switch back into again afterwards laser light source module using laser irradiation observation object 101 so that realize using laser beam correspond to electric signal life
The problem of at the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image for observing object 101.
The present embodiment is not defined the specific structure of image information separator 5, as long as may be implemented laser
The corresponding optical signal of reflected light of the reflected light and incoherent light light beam of light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, i.e.,
With light beam separation function.Such as image information separator 5 can be color image sensor or multiple
Monochrome image sensor combination light splitting part or monochrome image sensor, color image sensor combination light splitting part, or
Person is multiple color image sensor combination light splitting parts or a monochrome image sensor combination light splitting part etc..Its
In, the present embodiment does not limit the structure of specific light splitting part yet, as long as light beam separation may be implemented (such as with transmission and anti-
Penetrate function).Such as can be dichroscope filter plate or light splitting piece etc..
After the light reflected by observation object 101 is by aperture 4 and imaging len 3, received by image information separator 5,
And the corresponding optical signal of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent
Light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam corresponds to electric signal exporting to processing unit 7.Wherein, will divide
Laser beam from after is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal being completed by imaging sensor.Specifically, when user uses
When color image sensor, not only the laser beam after separation can be converted into laser beam and correspond to electric signal, can also incited somebody to action
Incoherent light light beam after separation is converted into incoherent light light beam and corresponds to electric signal, so processing unit 7 can use it is incoherent
Light light beam corresponds to electric signal and generates the reflected light image of observation object 101 or observe the physiological parameter of object 101, such as can be
Blood volume, blood oxygen saturation etc..
By laser can be obtained when including color image sensor in image information separator 5 in this present embodiment
The electric signal that the electric signal and incoherent light light beam that light beam is converted into are converted into.At this time processing unit 7 can according to this two
Kind electric signal generates the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of observation object respectively and observes the reflected light image or observation object of object
Physiological parameter.It can be the imaging for realizing to while carrying out multiple and different observing patterns, that is, not need to switch back into white light photograph
It focuses, can be focused with real-time perfoming that is, there is focusing feedback mechanism solution works as observation in the prior art when emission mode
There is problem out of focus beyond the field depth of imaging system in the movement of object in the axial direction.Image information separates in the present embodiment
The position of the corresponding optical signal of reflected light of the reflected light that can receive laser beam and the incoherent light light beam is arranged in device 5
It sets, i.e., in the transmission path of the reflected light of laser beam and the reflected light of incoherent light light beam.Fig. 1 can be specifically referred to, it can
To be arranged point-blank with observation object 101, aperture 4, imaging len 3.
The present embodiment does not limit the focusing frequency of focusing mechanism 6.It can be real-time focusing, and it is right to be also possible to timing
It is burnt.The present embodiment does not limit the focusing principle of focusing mechanism 6 yet, and then does not limit the specific structure of focusing mechanism 6 yet.Such as its
It can be and a series of processing realization focusings are carried out according to phase focusing principle to the incoherent light light beam after separation, be also possible to root
Electric signal is corresponded to according to the incoherent light light beam being transmitted in processing unit 7 to focus using image definition principle.Focusing dress
Focusing instruction corresponding position can be moved to according to focusing result generation focusing order-driven imaging len 3 by setting 6, adjust itself and figure
As the distance of information separator 5 realizes auto-focusing in turn.
Focusing mechanism 6 can feed back to processing unit 7 after the completion of focusing, and then processing unit 7 can be completed in focusing
After obtain that clearly laser beam corresponds to electric signal or laser beam corresponds to electric signal and incoherent light light beam corresponds to electric signal,
And then subsequent image analysis can be carried out.For example, CPU30 of the focusing mechanism 6 into processing unit 7 is sent when focusing is completed
It focuses the signal completed, CPU30 is received and sent control signal, image taking control to image taking control circuit after the signal
Circuit under control of cpu 30 controls electronic shutter speed, frame per second, electron gain of image information separator 5 etc.
To obtain corresponding electrical signal data.Image processing circuit 33 in processing unit 7 corresponds to electric signal using laser beam and generates two
(the specific two-dimentional blood flow velocity image and acquisition Hemodynamic environment angle value scheduling algorithm rebuild can refer to existing skill to dimension blood flow velocity image
Art), joined using the physiology that incoherent light light beam corresponds to reflected light image or calculating observation object that electric signal generates observation object
(the present embodiment is not defined to the physiological parameter of observation object, such as can be blood volume, blood oxygen saturation etc. number, tool
The calculation method of body parameters can refer to the prior art).I.e. the present embodiment can carry out simultaneously laser speckle blood current imaging,
Multiple imaging patterns such as endogenous light imaging/white light imaging, and it is multiple to obtain blood flow velocity, blood volume, blood oxygen saturation simultaneously etc.
Important physiological parameter.The present embodiment does not limit the specific location of the setting of processing unit 7.
Further, optionally figure is please referred to improve the flexibility that blood flow imaging device handles observation object 101
1, processing unit 7 can also include pattern switching electricity 31.Specifically, CPU30 is depending on the user's operation to mode switching circuit 31
The control signal of observing pattern switching is sent to control the light illumination mode of light supply apparatus 2, such as: in laser speckle blood current imaging mould
Under conditions of formula, laser 8 is opened, and incoherent light 10 is closed；Under incoherent light imaging pattern (i.e. two-dimentional blood flow velocity image),
Laser 8 is closed, and incoherent light 10 is opened；Under the mode that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging carry out simultaneously, swash
Light 8 and incoherent light 10 are opened simultaneously.
In order to realize separation, laser beam is different with the wavelength of incoherent light light beam in the present embodiment.That is laser light
Beam is irradiated and is not interfere with each other simultaneously with incoherent light light beam, because without first focusing under incoherent light, then is switched to sharp
Optical illumination carries out speckle imaging, keeps imaging more convenient.Especially under conditions of long-time is observed, settable one timing of interval
Between carry out auto-focusing, without switching to white-light illuminating.
The blood flow imaging device of the present embodiment can be not only used for the imaging system that object lens are tight shot, it may also be used for object
Mirror is the imaging system of zoom lens, realizes the real-time focusing of laser speckle blood current imaging.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, blood flow imaging device provided in this embodiment, the blood flow imaging device are believed by image
Breath separator by optical signal laser beam and incoherent light light beam separate, allow focusing mechanism according to reception
The incoherent light light beam that arrives carries out auto-focusing operation, thus realize when laser beam and incoherent light light beam irradiate simultaneously into
Row auto-focusing simplifies user's operation, improves user experience.
Referring to FIG. 1, in order to simplify the structure of blood flow imaging device, and the blood flow imaging device is made to can be achieved at the same time two
Kind mode, i.e., correspond to electric signal to laser beam simultaneously and incoherent light light beam correspond to electric signal and handles.In the present embodiment
Image information separator 5 is specially color image sensor；The wavelength band of corresponding laser beam and incoherent light light beam
It is not overlapped.
Wherein, the present embodiment is not defined the model of color image sensor, such as can be CMOS cromogram
As sensor, corresponding image taking control circuit is CMOS control circuitry 32.It is subsequent in order to Fig. 1 pairs it should be noted that being
It is illustrated for CMOS color image sensor, is not certainly to be defined to this.Specifically, color image sensor
Setting position can refer to Fig. 1.
It after the light reflected by observation object 101 is by aperture 4 and imaging len 3, is received by color image sensor, and will
Optical signal is converted into electric signal and exports to processor 7.The colored filter matrix of color image sensor is, for example, by such as Fig. 2 institute
The Baeyer template shown is constituted.The image of the picture for the observation object 101 that color image sensor takes is anti-from observation object
The light of the laser 8 and incoherent light 10 penetrated penetrates the RAW image after above-mentioned colored filter matrix；Wherein, RAW image contains
Original picture file imaging sensor generation after, into camera images processor before all photographic intelligences.
In addition, the wavelength band and the wavelength band of incoherent light 10 of the laser 8 in light supply apparatus 2 be not be overlapped, and
Such as in the colored filter matrix of Baeyer template composition as shown in Figure 2, laser 8 can only penetrate the filter of tri- kinds of colors of R, G, B
One of mating plate optical filter, while incoherent light 10 can only be through R, G, B tri- kind face different from the optical filter of laser 8 is penetrated
One or two of optical filter of color optical filter.
Preferably, laser 8 is the red laser that can only penetrate R optical filter, and incoherent light 10 is can only be through G optical filter
Narrowband green light, or can only be through the narrow-band blue light of B optical filter or after above two narrow band light carry out conjunction beam according to a certain percentage
Light.
The red glistening light of waves can guarantee the laser intensity of reflection or dispersion, help to obtain blood flow velocity distributed intelligence, and mention
Rise blood-stream image signal-to-noise ratio；Blue light and green light incoherent light are located at hemoglobin absorption peak, thus by the channel G, channel B or both
The image of combination producing can be used for highlighting blood vessel structure.Can the ingenious combination using this coherent light and incoherent light, carry out
Multi-modal imaging, or by image segmentation and Image Fusion, the Hemodynamic environment of angiosomes and non-vascular region is obtained respectively
Spend information.
Illustrate the course of work of the present embodiment with the specific structure in Fig. 1 below:
Image processing circuit 33 in processing unit 7 is to the figure for observing object 101 shot from color image sensor
As being handled.For example, setting laser 8 as feux rouges, incoherent light 10 is the light that green light and blue light close beam formation according to a certain percentage,
Under laser speckle blood current imaging and the mode that carries out simultaneously of incoherent light imaging, image processing circuit 33 is from colour image sensing
The gray value from the corresponding pixel position of R filter matrix is extracted in the RAW image of device constitutes the new image SPEC of a width,
For calculating blood flow velocity in laser speckle blood current imaging and rebuilding two-dimentional blood flow velocity image, from color image sensor
Extracting the gray value of G filter matrix and the corresponding pixel position of B filter matrix in RAW image respectively, to constitute two width new
G image GN1, GN2 and new B image BN of a width, for calculating the parameters such as blood volume, blood oxygen saturation and rebuilding corresponding two dimension
Image.In addition, due in one 2 × 2 Baeyer optical filtering matrix there are two G optical filter, by above-mentioned image GN1 and GN2 into
The new G image GN of a width is obtained after row is average.
It is obtained specifically, calculating blood flow velocity from image SPEC and for example can be using the spatial window calculating of sliding,
It can be to calculate using the time window of sliding and obtain, can also be combination.To use the spatial window of sliding to calculate blood flow
For speed, firstly, the spatial window for the use of size being N × N, it is each in the spatial neighborhood that size is N × N to calculate image SPEC
The mean value and standard deviation of grey scale pixel value, and the ratio of the standard deviation He the mean value is calculated, it thus calculates referred to as speckle and contrasts
Value；According to above-mentioned calculation method, above-mentioned spatial window is slided in the area of space of image SPEC, while calculating above-mentioned spatial window
The speckle of region contrasts value, thus traverses the whole image region of image SPEC, obtains speckle and contrasts image；It calculates above-mentioned
Speckle contrast image each pixel position speckle contrast value square inverse or using using speckle contrast value with
The quantitative equation of electric field auto-correlation function calculates, and obtains the Hemodynamic environment angle value of corresponding pixel position, thus reconstructs two dimension
Blood flow velocity image.The method that the parameters such as blood volume, blood oxygen saturation are calculated from image GN and image BN can be with reference to existing
There is technology.
Further, optionally, the two-dimentional blood flowing speed information and two-dimensional blood oxygen saturation of observation object 101 are obtained
Degree information physiological parameter information etc. can use data storage circuitry 34 and be stored.It is checked so as to subsequent.
Further, optionally, processing unit further include: display unit, for showing the corresponding observation object of laser beam
Image and/or incoherent light light beam it is corresponding observation object image.Display unit can be shown and current operation mode phase
Corresponding image.
The present embodiment does not limit the concrete form of display unit, such as can be display 35, is also possible to display screen,
Projection device etc..When the image and incoherent light light beam pair that can show the corresponding observation object of laser beam using display unit
When the image for the observation object answered, in order to improve display efficiency, laser beam pair can be shown simultaneously in a display unit
The image for the observation object answered and the image of the corresponding observation object of incoherent light light beam.It can select split screen display available.Such as
The two-dimensional blood flow velocity image of 35 split screen display available of display and blood oxygen saturation image.The present embodiment does not limit the ratio of split screen
Example, such as can be with mean allocation.Certain user shows after also can choose progress image co-registration processing.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, blood flow imaging device provided in this embodiment is realized using focusing mechanism in laser beam
Auto-focusing is carried out when irradiating simultaneously with incoherent light light beam, simplifies user's operation；And it can be in laser beam and incoherent light
Light beam is irradiated simultaneously after object to be detected extracts that laser beam corresponds to electric signal and incoherent light light beam corresponds to electric signal respectively, into
And it realizes and laser beam and incoherent light light beam is imaged simultaneously.
Referring to FIG. 3, in order to improve the resolution ratio that laser beam corresponds to electric signal.Image information separation dress in the present embodiment
Setting 5 includes: the first monochrome image sensor 5a, the second monochrome image sensor 5b and light-dividing device 40；Wherein,
Optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate 40a in light-dividing device 40；
First monochrome image sensor 5a corresponds to electric signal for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
It exports to processing unit 7；
Second monochrome image sensor 5b, the incoherent light light beam for will separate are converted into incoherent light light beam pair
Electric signal is answered to export to processing unit 7.
Wherein, such as it can be and reflected the incoherent light light beam in optical signal using filter plate 40a, laser beam
Transmitted (as shown in Figure 3)；Can certainly be carried out the incoherent light light beam in optical signal thoroughly using filter plate 40a
It penetrates, laser beam is reflected.The present embodiment is not limited thereto, if optical signal can be separated into laser beam and
Incoherent light light beam.First monochrome image sensor 5a is arranged in the transmission path for the laser beam separated, the
Two monochrome image sensor 5b are arranged in the transmission path for the incoherent light light beam separated.
Its detailed process by taking Fig. 3 as an example: the optical filter 40a of light-dividing device 40 will reflect and pass through from observation object 101
The light of the ingredient from laser 8 in the reflected light of aperture 4 and imaging len 3 is reflected, and so that the part light is entered monochrome
Imaging sensor 5b；And optical filter 40a will reflect from observation object 101 and pass through the reflection of aperture 4 and imaging len 3
The light of the ingredient from incoherent light 10 in light is transmitted, and the part light is made to enter monochrome image sensor 5a.
Wherein, in light-dividing device 40 optical filter 40a be arranged position can be as shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment to this not into
Row limits, and can be configured according to the actual situation, as long as the light that it can be enabled to transmit and reflect enters correspondence
Monochrome image sensor in.
Since monochrome image sensor does not have colored filter matrix, it is easier to keep the original resolution ratio of optical system.
Therefore the separation for realizing laser beam and incoherent light light beam in the present embodiment using two monochrome image sensors, can keep
The original resolution ratio of optical system.And since monochrome image sensor does not have colored filter matrix, corresponding laser
Wave-length coverage selects freedom degree to be higher than and uses color image sensor.Its in the present embodiment can be any wave in visible-range
Long laser, is also possible to near-infrared laser.
Below with the specific structure in Fig. 3, illustrate its course of work i.e.:
Image processing circuit 33 is to the observation object from monochrome image sensor 5a and monochrome image sensor 5b shooting
The image of 101 picture is handled.For example, setting laser 8 as feux rouges, incoherent light 10 is that green light closes according to a certain percentage with blue light
The light that beam is formed, under the mode that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging carry out simultaneously, monochrome image sensor 5b
For calculating blood flow velocity in laser speckle blood current imaging and rebuilding two-dimentional blood flow velocity image, monochrome image passes the image of shooting
The image of sensor 5a shooting is for generating two-dimensional incoherent light observation image.
Calculating blood flow velocity for example from the image that monochrome image sensor 5b is shot can be using the spatial window slided
It calculates and obtains, be also possible to calculate acquisition using the time window of sliding, can also be combination.To use the space of sliding
For window calculates blood flow velocity, firstly, the spatial window for the use of size being N × N, calculates the image of monochrome image sensor 5b shooting
The mean value and standard deviation of each grey scale pixel value in the spatial neighborhood that size is N × N, and calculate the standard deviation and the mean value
Thus ratio calculates and is referred to as the value that speckle contrasts；According to above-mentioned calculation method, in the image of monochrome image sensor 5b shooting
Area of space in the above-mentioned spatial window of sliding, while the speckle for calculating above-mentioned spatial window region contrasts value, and thus traversal is singly
The whole image region of the image of color imaging sensor 5b shooting obtains speckle and contrasts image；It calculates above-mentioned speckle and contrasts figure
Each pixel position speckle of picture contrast value square inverse, obtain the Hemodynamic environment angle value of corresponding pixel position, by
This reconstructs two-dimensional blood flow velocity image.
As a result, according to above method, the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of observation object 101, and the non-phase of two dimension are obtained
Dry light image etc., can use data storage circuitry 34 and is stored, and in the display of display 35 and current operation mode phase
Corresponding image.Such as under the mode that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging carry out simultaneously, 35 split screen of display
Show that two-dimensional blood flow velocity image absorbs the incoherent light image generated to incoherent light with by endogenic sensual pleasure group.Locate
The operating mode that reason device 7 is selected according to user to the image from monochrome image sensor 5a and monochrome image sensor 5b into
The corresponding processing of row, and processing result is stored and shown.
Referring to FIG. 4, in order to which shallow-layer blood vessel and middle layer blood vessel are distinguished.Image information separator in the present embodiment
5 include: third monochrome image sensor 5d, the 4th color image sensor 5c and light-dividing device 40；Wherein,
Optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate 40a in light-dividing device 40；
Third monochrome image sensor 5d corresponds to electric signal for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
It exports to processing unit 7；
4th color image sensor 5c, the incoherent light light beam for will separate are converted into incoherent light light beam pair
Electric signal is answered to export to processing unit 7.
Wherein, such as it can be and reflected the incoherent light light beam in optical signal using filter plate 40a, laser beam
Transmitted (as shown in Figure 4)；Can certainly be carried out the incoherent light light beam in optical signal thoroughly using filter plate 40a
It penetrates, laser beam is reflected.The present embodiment is not limited thereto, if optical signal can be separated into laser beam and
Incoherent light light beam.Third monochrome image sensor 5d is arranged in the transmission path for the laser beam separated, the
Four color image sensor 5c are arranged in the transmission path for the incoherent light light beam separated.
Its detailed process by taking Fig. 4 as an example: the optical filter 40a of light-dividing device 40 will reflect and pass through from observation object 101
The light of the ingredient from laser 8 in the reflected light of aperture 4 and imaging len 3 is transmitted, and so that the part light is entered monochrome
Imaging sensor 5d；And optical filter 40a will reflect from observation object 101 and pass through the reflection of aperture 4 and imaging len 3
The light of the ingredient from incoherent light 10 in light is reflected, and the part light is made to enter color image sensor 5c.
Since the reflected light of blue light and green light incoherent light is received by monochrome image sensor, a monochrome image is formed,
For observing biological tissue's physiological status.What the gray scale of this monochrome image reflected is the absorption color group in biological tissue
To the degree of absorption of blue light and green light.The benefit of this mode is exactly high resolution, but being disadvantageous in that cannot be from achromatic map
Blue light is distinguished as in and green light acts on the influence of generation respectively, that is, shallow-layer blood vessel and middle layer blood vessel cannot be distinguished.And the present embodiment
Middle to use color image sensor 5c, benefit is can be distinguished shallow-layer blood vessel and middle layer blood vessel by way of image procossing
Coming, (penetration depth of blue light is shallow, for shallow-layer blood vessel imaging；Green light penetration depth is relatively deep, for middle layer blood vessel
Imaging), it is used for medical diagnosis on disease.In this case the problem of corresponding resolution ratio reduces can make up part point by interpolation algorithm
The loss of resolution.
Wherein, in light-dividing device 40 optical filter 40a be arranged position can be as shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment to this not into
Row limits, and can be configured according to the actual situation, as long as the light that it can be enabled to transmit and reflect enters correspondence
Monochrome image sensor in.
Below with the specific structure in Fig. 4, illustrate its course of work i.e.:
Image processing circuit 33 is to the observation object from monochrome image sensor 5d and color image sensor 5c shooting
The image of 101 picture is handled.For example, setting laser 8 as feux rouges, incoherent light 10 is that green light closes according to a certain percentage with blue light
The light that beam is formed, under the mode that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging carry out simultaneously, monochrome image sensor 5d
For calculating blood flow velocity in laser speckle blood current imaging and rebuilding two-dimentional blood flow velocity image, color image passes the image of shooting
The image of sensor 5c shooting is for calculating the parameters such as blood volume, blood oxygen saturation and rebuilding corresponding two dimensional image.
As a result, according to above method, the two-dimentional blood flowing speed information and two-dimensional blood of observation object 101 are obtained
Oxygen saturation information etc. can use data storage circuitry 34 and be stored, and in the display of display 35 and work at present mould
The corresponding image of formula.Such as under the mode that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging carry out simultaneously, display 35
The two-dimensional blood flow velocity image of split screen display available and blood oxygen saturation image.The operating mode pair that processing unit 7 is selected according to user
Image from monochrome image sensor 5d and color image sensor 5c performs corresponding processing, and processing result is deposited
Storage and display.
Referring to FIG. 5, image information separator 5 includes: that dichroscope 51 and the 5th monochrome image pass in the present embodiment
Sensor 52；Wherein,
Dichroscope 51, for transmiting laser beam in optical signal, incoherent light light beam is reflected；
5th monochrome image sensor 52, the laser beam for transmiting dichroscope are converted into the corresponding electricity of laser beam
Signal is exported to the processing unit 7.
Wherein, dichroscope (Dichroic Mirrors) is also known as dichroic mirror, is usually used in laser technology.Its main feature is that right
The light of certain wavelength almost penetrates, and almost reflects the light of other wavelength.The present embodiment utilizes dichroscope
This characteristic by optical signal laser beam and incoherent light light beam separate.Specifically, dichroscope 51 believes light
Laser beam is transmitted in number, and incoherent light light beam is reflected.5th monochrome image sensor 52 is arranged in dichroscope
In the transmission path of the laser beam of transmission.The incoherent light light beam of dichroscope reflection, which enters in focusing mechanism 6, fills focusing
It sets 6 and imaging len auto-focusing described in order-driven of focusing is generated according to incoherent light light beam.
Referring to FIG. 1, focusing mechanism 6 includes: focusing counting circuit 20, motor control circuit 21 and transfer member 22；Its
In, transfer member 22 is fixedly connected with imaging len 3；
Focus counting circuit 20, for using incoherent light light beam correspond to electric signal calculating image clarity values, and according to
Image clarity values determine the driving parameter of motor control circuit 21；
Motor control circuit 21, for driving imaging len 3 along vertical imaging according to driving state modulator transfer member 22
Lens direction is mobile.
Specifically, the specific structure of specific transfer member 22 is not limited in the present embodiment, as long as that is, it can be in horse
Imaging len 3 is driven to move along vertical imaging len direction under up to the driving of control circuit 21.Optionally, transfer member 22
It can be rack-and-pinion transfer member, or screw rod transfer member.Please refer to the biography of Fig. 1 i.e. gear 22b rack gear 22a composition
Send component.I.e. motor control circuit 21 controls gear 22b rotation, and gear 22b band carry-over bar 22a is moved up and down, so drive with
The imaging len 3 that rack gear 22a is fixedly connected is moved up and down along vertical imaging len direction, realizes auto-focusing.
The present embodiment does not limit the specific structure of specific focusing counting circuit 20 and motor control circuit 21, can be with
With reference to the prior art.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and illustrate principle of specifically focusing by taking color image sensor as an example: the focusing in focusing mechanism 6 calculates
Circuit 20, G color channel image or B color channel image or G color channel image and B color to color image sensor
Channel image carries out e.g. gradient to calculate such image clear to combine the new image to be formed according to certain mapping mode
Clear angle value calculates, and controls motor control circuit 21 according to the image clarity values, and motor control circuit 21 is calculated according to focusing
The control of circuit 20 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise to control the gear 22b of motor 22, thus drive the rack gear 22a of motor 22 to
Above or move down.Imaging len 3 and rack gear 22 are fixed, are thus moved under the movement of rack gear 22a, realize focusing.
When focusing is completed, the CPU into processing unit 7 of counting circuit 20 that focuses sends the signal that focusing is completed, and CPU is received
Control signal is sent to CMOS control circuitry 32 after the signal, CMOS control circuitry 32 under the control of cpu passes color image
Electronic shutter speed, frame per second, electron gain of sensor etc. are controlled.
Referring to FIG. 5, can use phase focusing to further increase the accuracy of focusing.Specific the present embodiment
Middle focusing mechanism 6 includes: focusing light path 23, focusing counting circuit 20A, motor control circuit 21 and transfer member 22；Its
In, transfer member 22 is fixedly connected with imaging len 3；
Focusing light path 23, for the optical signal for filtering out laser beam to be divided into two-way optical path, and calculates separately correspondence
Phase；
Focus counting circuit 20A, and the phase difference for calculating phase determines the driving parameter of motor control circuit 21；
Motor control circuit 21, for driving imaging len 3 along vertical imaging according to driving state modulator transfer member 22
Lens direction is mobile.
Specifically, the specific structure of specific transfer member 22 is not limited in the present embodiment, as long as that is, it can be in horse
Imaging len 3 is driven to move along vertical imaging len direction under up to the driving of control circuit 21.Optionally, transfer member 22
It can be rack-and-pinion transfer member or screw rod transfer member.Please refer to the transfer member of Fig. 1 i.e. gear 22b rack gear 22a composition.
I.e. motor control circuit 21 controls gear 22b rotation, and gear 22b band carry-over bar 22a is moved up and down, and then is driven and rack gear 22a
The imaging len 3 being fixedly connected is moved up and down along vertical imaging len direction, realizes auto-focusing.
The present embodiment does not limit specifically to focusing light path 23, coke counting circuit 20A and motor control circuit 21
Specific structure, the prior art can be referred to.
It please refers to Fig. 5 and illustrates principle of specifically focusing by taking color image sensor as an example:
Automatic focusing mechanism 6 is to implement focusing control by phase calculation.The input light for light path 23 of focusing is come
From the light reflected back in light splitting piece or dichroscope.It is illustrated by taking light splitting piece as an example below, such as light splitting piece will come from
Observation object 101 is reflected and is divided by the illumination light of imaging len 3 and aperture 4, is conducted into focusing light path 23.
Focusing light path 23 filters out the light of the laser beam wave band in the light from light splitting piece 24 by optical filter, and focuses
Light path 23, which for example can be, is divided into two bundles the above-mentioned light from light splitting piece 24 and the light that has filtered out laser beam wave band
Light, and configured with the optical path of plus lens and phase detection device in the optical path of the two-beam.The counting circuit 20A that focuses is calculated
By the phase difference of the phase of phase detection device detection, thereby determine that imaging len 3 needs the direction that adjusts and distance, and by this
Information is sent to motor control circuit 21, and motor control circuit 21 controls motor 22 according to the control of focusing counting circuit 20A
Gear 22b rotation direction and angle, rack gear 22a move up or down imaging len 3 under the drive of gear 22b.
Imaging len 3 realizes auto-focusing according to the control of automatic focusing mechanism 6A as a result,.
Auto-focusing algorithm, which is directed to, in the present embodiment carries out phase calculation by incoherent light generation or derivative image, effectively
Cover of the laser speckle to the structural information of the picture of observation object is avoided, ensure that focusing accuracy.
Endoscope provided by the embodiment of the utility model is introduced below, endoscope described below and above description
Blood flow imaging device can correspond to each other reference.
The utility model also provides a kind of endoscope, comprising: the blood flow imaging device as described in above-mentioned any embodiment.
A kind of blood flow imaging device provided by the utility model and endoscope are described in detail above.Herein
Specific case is applied to be expounded the principles of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above example is only intended to
Help understands the method and its core concept of the utility model.It should be pointed out that coming for those skilled in the art
It says, without departing from the principle of this utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model, these change
Into in the protection scope for also falling into the utility model claims with modification.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of blood flow imaging device characterized by comprising light supply apparatus, imaging len, image information separator, right
Coke installation and processing unit；Wherein:
The light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；
The imaging len is located at by the reflected light of the laser beam of the observation object reflection and by the observation object reflection
Incoherent light light beam reflected light transmission path on；
Through described image information separator by the reflected light pair of the reflected light of the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam
The optical signal answered is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and is corresponded to
Electric signal；
The focusing mechanism generates imaging len auto-focusing described in order-driven of focusing according to the incoherent light light beam after separation；
The processing unit corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image that electric signal generates the observation object using the laser beam.
2. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described image information separator is cromogram
As sensor；The wavelength band of the corresponding laser beam and the incoherent light light beam is not overlapped.
3. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described image information separator includes:
One monochrome image sensor, the second monochrome image sensor and light-dividing device；Wherein,
The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；
First monochrome image sensor, for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam, to correspond to electric signal defeated
Out to the processing unit；
Second monochrome image sensor, it is corresponding that the incoherent light light beam for will separate is converted into incoherent light light beam
Electric signal is exported to the processing unit.
4. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described image information separator includes:
Three monochrome image sensors, the 4th color image sensor and light-dividing device；Wherein,
The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；
The third monochrome image sensor, for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam, to correspond to electric signal defeated
Out to the processing unit；
4th color image sensor, it is corresponding that the incoherent light light beam for will separate is converted into incoherent light light beam
Electric signal is exported to the processing unit.
5. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described image information separator includes: two
To Look mirror and the 5th monochrome image sensor；Wherein,
The dichroscope, for transmiting laser beam in the optical signal, incoherent light light beam is reflected；
5th monochrome image sensor, it is corresponding that the laser beam for transmiting the dichroscope is converted into laser beam
Electric signal is exported to the processing unit.
6. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the focusing mechanism includes: that focusing calculates electricity
Road, motor control circuit and transfer member；Wherein, the transfer member is fixedly connected with the imaging len；
The focusing counting circuit calculates image clarity values, and root for corresponding to electric signal using the incoherent light light beam
The driving parameter of the motor control circuit is determined according to described image definition values；
The motor control circuit drives the imaging len along vertical for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator
The straight imaging len direction is mobile.
7. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the focusing mechanism includes: focusing detection light
Road, focusing counting circuit, motor control circuit and transfer member；Wherein, the transfer member and the fixed company of the imaging len
It connects；
The focusing light path for the optical signal for filtering out the laser beam to be divided into two-way optical path, and calculates separately pair
The phase answered；
The focusing counting circuit, the phase difference for calculating the phase determine the driving parameter of the motor control circuit；
The motor control circuit drives the imaging len along vertical for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator
The straight imaging len direction is mobile.
8. blood flow imaging device according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the transfer member is rack-and-pinion biography
Send component or screw rod transfer member.
9. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the processing unit further include: display unit,
For showing the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image.
10. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the light supply apparatus further include: photo-coupler
Part and light-conductive optic fibre；Wherein,
The LMDS Light Coupled Device, for coupling the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam；
The light-conductive optic fibre, be used for transmission coupling after light beam, and the light emitting end of the light-conductive optic fibre to it is described observation pair
As the light beam after transmitting coupling.
11. a kind of endoscope characterized by comprising such as the described in any item blood flow imaging devices of claim 1-10.
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