CN107981855A - A kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope - Google Patents
A kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses blood flow imaging device, including：Light supply apparatus, imaging len, image information separator, focusing mechanism and processing unit；Light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；Imaging len is located on the bang path of the reflected light of the laser beam of observed object reflection and the reflected light of the incoherent light light beam of observed object reflection；The corresponding optical signal of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam through image information separator, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal；Focusing mechanism is according to the incoherent light light beam generation focusing order-driven imaging len auto-focusing after separation；Processing unit corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of electric signal generation observation object using laser beam；The device can separate incoherent light light beam from optical signal and realize that auto-focusing the invention also discloses endoscope, has above-mentioned beneficial effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to complementary medicine diagnostic techniques field, more particularly to a kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope.
Background technology
Due to the laser beam of the scattering of observation object or reflection, the particle of random distribution can be formed due to interference in imaging surface
Shape pattern, i.e. " speckle ".The movement velocity of the fog-level of speckle pattern and scattering particles (such as red blood cell) in observation object
Correlation, can carry out quantization signifying by speckle contrast (i.e. the standard deviation of light intensity and the ratio of light intensity average).Scattering particles is transported
Dynamic speed is bigger, then speckle contrast is lower.Laser speckle blood current imaging is based on above-mentioned principle, each in speckle image by calculating
Speckle contrast in area of space, you can reconstruct two-dimentional blood flow velocity distributed image.Laser speckle imaging is without scanning, tool
There is the characteristics of high spatial resolution and high time resolution.
However, since the speckle pattern of laser lighting formation masks the structural information of observation object, cause in laser
The problem of auto-focusing is often difficult in the case of illumination.In the past, it is common practice to first in white light or other colors
Manual focus is carried out under illumination of incoherent light, is then switched to laser lighting again, carries out laser speckle blood current imaging.But it is deposited
In following shortcoming：, it is necessary to which illumination light is switched to noncoherent illumination from laser i.e. before laser speckle blood current imaging is carried out
Light, carries out optical focusing under illumination of incoherent light, is then switched to laser lighting again, carries out laser speckle blood current imaging, makes
It is relatively complicated and inconvenient into operating process.
Therefore, how when carrying out laser speckle blood current imaging realization is focused in real time exactly, be those skilled in the art
The technical issues that need to address.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of blood flow imaging device and endoscope, can realize in laser beam and incoherent
Auto-focusing is carried out when light light beam irradiates at the same time, simplifies user's operation, improves user experience.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of blood flow imaging device, including：Light supply apparatus, imaging len,
Image information separator, focusing mechanism and processing unit；Wherein：
The light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；
The imaging len is located at by the reflected light of the laser beam of the observation object reflection and by the observation object
On the bang path of the reflected light of the incoherent light light beam of reflection；
Through described image information separator by the reflection of the reflected light of the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam
The corresponding optical signal of light is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam
Corresponding electric signal；
Focusing mechanism imaging len according to the incoherent light light beam generation focusing order-driven after separation is automatic
Focusing；
The processing unit corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity of the electric signal generation observation object using the laser beam
Image.
Optionally, described image information separator is color image sensor；The corresponding laser beam and described
The wavelength band of incoherent light light beam is not overlapping.
Optionally, described image information separator includes：First monochrome image sensor, the second monochrome image sensor
And light-dividing device；Wherein,
The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；
First monochrome image sensor, telecommunications is corresponded to for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
Number output is to the processing unit；
Second monochrome image sensor, for the incoherent light separated light beam to be converted into incoherent light light beam
Electric signal output is corresponded to the processing unit.
Optionally, described image information separator includes：3rd monochrome image sensor, the 4th color image sensor
And light-dividing device；Wherein,
The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；
3rd monochrome image sensor, telecommunications is corresponded to for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
Number output is to the processing unit；
4th color image sensor, for the incoherent light separated light beam to be converted into incoherent light light beam
Electric signal output is corresponded to the processing unit.
Optionally, described image information separator includes：Dichroscope and the 5th monochrome image sensor；Wherein,
The dichroscope, for laser beam in the optical signal to be transmitted, incoherent light light beam is reflected；
5th monochrome image sensor, the laser beam for the dichroscope to be transmitted are converted into laser beam
Electric signal output is corresponded to the processing unit.
Optionally, the focusing mechanism includes：Focusing counting circuit, motor control circuit and transfer member；Wherein, it is described
Transfer member is fixedly connected with the imaging len；
The focusing counting circuit, image clarity values are calculated for corresponding to electric signal using the incoherent light light beam,
And the driving parameter of the motor control circuit is determined according to described image definition values；
The motor control circuit, the imaging len is driven for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator
Moved along the vertical imaging len direction.
Optionally, the focusing mechanism includes：Focusing light path, focusing counting circuit, motor control circuit and transmission
Component；Wherein, the transfer member is fixedly connected with the imaging len；
The focusing light path, for the optical signal for filtering out the laser beam to be divided into two-way light path, and is counted respectively
Calculate corresponding phase；
The focusing counting circuit, the phase difference for calculating the phase determine the driving ginseng of the motor control circuit
Number；
The motor control circuit, the imaging len is driven for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator
Moved along the vertical imaging len direction.
Optionally, the transfer member is rack-and-pinion transfer member or screw transfer member.
Optionally, the processing unit further includes：Display unit, for showing the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image.
Optionally, the light supply apparatus further includes：LMDS Light Coupled Device and light-conductive optic fibre；Wherein,
The LMDS Light Coupled Device, for the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam to be coupled；
The light-conductive optic fibre, the light beam being used for transmission after coupling, and at the light emitting end of the light-conductive optic fibre to the sight
Examine the light beam after object transmitting coupling.
The present invention also provides a kind of endoscope, including：Such as above-mentioned any one of them blood flow imaging device.
A kind of blood flow imaging device provided by the present invention, including：Light supply apparatus, imaging len, image information separation dress
Put, focusing mechanism and processing unit；Light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；Imaging len
Positioned at the laser beam of observed object reflection reflected light and observed object reflection incoherent light light beam reflected light
On bang path；Through image information separator by the corresponding light of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam
Signal separator is laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and corresponds to telecommunications
Number；Focusing mechanism is according to the incoherent light light beam generation focusing order-driven imaging len auto-focusing after separation；Processing unit
The two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of electric signal generation observation object is corresponded to using laser beam；
As it can be seen that the blood flow imaging device by image information separator by the laser beam and incoherent light in optical signal
Light beam is separated so that focusing mechanism can carry out auto-focusing operation according to the incoherent light light beam received, so that real
Present laser beam and incoherent light light beam carry out auto-focusing when irradiating at the same time, simplify user's operation, improve user experience；This
Invention also discloses a kind of endoscope, has above-mentioned beneficial effect, details are not described herein.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
A kind of structure diagram for blood flow imaging device that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is shown by the constituted mode of the colored filter matrix of color image sensor that the embodiment of the present invention provides
It is intended to；
The structure diagram for another blood flow imaging device that Fig. 3 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
The structure diagram for another blood flow imaging device that Fig. 4 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
The structure diagram for another blood flow imaging device that Fig. 5 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The core of the present invention is to provide a kind of blood flow imaging device, can realize same in laser beam and incoherent light light beam
When auto-focusing is carried out when irradiating, simplify user's operation, improve user experience；Another core of the present invention, which is to provide in one kind, peeps
Mirror.
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without making creative work, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Please refer to Fig.1, a kind of structure diagram for blood flow imaging device that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；The blood flow
Imaging device (can be referred to as device) can include：Light supply apparatus 2, imaging len 3, image information separator 5, focusing dress
Put 6 and processing unit 7；Wherein：
Light supply apparatus 2 is to observation 101 outgoing laser beams of object and incoherent light light beam；
What the reflected light and observed object 101 for the laser beam that imaging len 3 is reflected positioned at observed object 101 reflected
On the bang path of the reflected light of incoherent light light beam；
The corresponding light of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is believed through image information separator 5
Number laser beam and incoherent light light beam are separated into, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal；
Focusing mechanism 6 is according to 3 auto-focusing of incoherent light light beam generation focusing order-driven imaging len after separation；
Processing unit 7 corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of electric signal generation observation object using laser beam.
Wherein, the present embodiment does not carry out the laser beam and the intensity of incoherent light light beam being emitted in light supply apparatus 2
Limit.Such as do not limit the parameter informations such as the intensity of laser beam and incoherent light light beam.User can be according to practical application
Situation is set.Laser light source module and outgoing in the present embodiment in light supply apparatus 2 with outgoing laser beams is incoherent
The incoherent light light source module of light light beam.The present embodiment is not defined the concrete composition structure of the two light source modules,
Such as can be existing light source module structure.Specifically, laser light source module can be by 8 groups of laser drive circuit 9 and laser
Into passing through 8 outgoing laser beams of laser.Incoherent light light source module can be by incoherent light drive circuit 11 and incoherent light 10
Composition, passes through 10 outgoing laser beams of incoherent light.The parameter information of two light beams can be controlled by processing unit 7.This reality
Apply setting position of the example not to light supply apparatus 2 to be defined, as long as it can irradiate observation object 101.
The present embodiment does not limit the transmission form of laser beam and incoherent light light beam, such as two light beams can pass through
Each independent light path is transmitted, and is respectively radiated on observation object 101 or two light beams carry out conjunction beam and couple
It is transmitted and is irradiated on observation object 101 together afterwards.
In order to improve radiation response, it is preferred that light supply apparatus 2 can also include：LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 and light-conductive optic fibre 13；
Wherein, LMDS Light Coupled Device 12, for laser beam and incoherent light light beam to be coupled；Light-conductive optic fibre 13, is used for transmission coupling
Light beam after conjunction, and launch the light beam after coupling to observation object at the light emitting end of light-conductive optic fibre 13.Wherein, LMDS Light Coupled Device
12 are connected with 13 input terminal of light-conductive optic fibre, lead positioned at laser 8 and the output terminal of incoherent light 10, the output terminal of LMDS Light Coupled Device 12
Launch the light beam after coupling to observation object in the light emitting end of light optical fiber 13.LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 and light-conductive optic fibre 13 set position
Fig. 1 is may be referred to form.
Specifically, carrying out conjunction beam by the light beam that LMDS Light Coupled Device 12 is emitted laser 8 and incoherent light 10, pass through leaded light
Optical fiber 13 transmits, and brings out and penetrate in light emitting, and irradiation observation object (represents observation object) in Fig. 1 with 101.
By Fig. 1 it can also be seen that observation object 101, imaging len 3 and image information separator 5 are arranged on one directly
On line, i.e., arrange along on the imaging bang path of light beam.Light can also be set between imaging len 3 and observation object 101
Light quantity of the control of circle 4 into imaging len 3.The model to imaging len 3 and aperture 4 and structure do not carry out specifically the present embodiment
Limit.It can make choice according to the actual requirements.
Blood flow imaging device needs to switch light illumination mode when being focused in the prior art, that is, needs first in white-light illuminating
Under focus, then switch back into laser lighting and be imaged.If in laser lighting imaging process, such as exhaling occurs in imaging object
Situations such as being shaken caused by suction, laser blood-stream image will obscure and the situation of blood flow velocity calculation inaccuracy, and focuses
The inconvenience of journey troublesome operation.In order to avoid such case appearance, it is necessary to realize auto-focusing, the premise for realizing auto-focusing is exactly
Laser and incoherent light can be allowed to illuminate at the same time, i.e., the device can carry out image procossing reality when both irradiate at the same time
The imaging of the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of object is now observed, frequent switching illumination light can be not required to come to laser lighting at this time
Situation focus.
In order to carry out the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of image procossing realization observation object when both irradiate at the same time
Imaging, just allows for isolating the corresponding optical signal of laser in the reflected beams of observation object 101 and incoherent light corresponds to
Optical signal can be by the reflected light of the reflected light of the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam corresponding optical signal point
From for laser beam and incoherent light light beam.And then it can realize that being converted into laser beam using the laser beam after separation corresponds to
Electric signal, and root accordingly generates the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of observation object；Realized certainly using the incoherent light light beam after separation
The process of dynamic focusing.Image information separator 5 is used in the present embodiment by the reflected light of the laser beam and the non-phase
The corresponding optical signal of reflected light of dry light light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and by the laser beam after separation
It is converted into laser beam and corresponds to the imaging that electric signal output carries out two-dimentional blood flow velocity image into processing unit 7, after separation
Incoherent light light beam export into focusing mechanism 6 and make focusing mechanism 6.It can solve to use an achromatic map in the prior art
As sensor to observe object picture shoot, due to that cannot have a case that laser beam and incoherent light light beam at the same time
Under focus, therefore be merely able to irradiate first with incoherent light and focused using incoherent light light beam, completed in focusing
Laser light source module is switched back into again afterwards using laser irradiation observation object 101 and then realizes that corresponding to electric signal using laser beam gives birth to
The problem of into the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image for observing object 101.
The present embodiment is not defined the concrete structure of image information separator 5, as long as can realize laser
The corresponding optical signal of reflected light of the reflected light and incoherent light light beam of light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, i.e.,
With light beam separation function.Such as image information separator 5 can be a color image sensor, or it is multiple
Monochrome image sensor combination light splitting part, or monochrome image sensor, color image sensor combination light splitting part, or
Person is multiple color image sensor combination light splitting parts, or monochrome image sensor combination light splitting part etc..Its
In, the present embodiment does not limit the structure of specific light splitting part yet, as long as light beam separation can be realized (such as with transmission and anti-
Penetrate function).Such as can be dichroscope, or filter plate, or light splitting piece etc..
By the light that observation object 101 reflects by aperture 4 and imaging len 3 after, received by image information separator 5,
And the corresponding optical signal of the reflected light of the reflected light of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is separated into laser beam and incoherent
Light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal output to processing unit 7.Wherein, will divide
Laser beam from after is converted into laser beam and corresponds to electric signal being completed by imaging sensor.Specifically, when user uses
During color image sensor, not only the laser beam after separation can be converted into laser beam and correspond to electric signal, can also incited somebody to action
Incoherent light light beam after separation is converted into incoherent light light beam and corresponds to electric signal, so processing unit 7 can utilize it is incoherent
Light light beam corresponds to the reflected light image of electric signal generation observation object 101 or observes the physiological parameter of object 101, such as can be
Blood volume, blood oxygen saturation etc..
By laser can be obtained when including color image sensor in image information separator 5 in this present embodiment
The electric signal that light beam is converted into, and the electric signal that incoherent light light beam is converted into.At this time processing unit 7 can according to this two
Kind electric signal generates the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of observation object and the reflected light image for observing object or observation object respectively
Physiological parameter.It can be the imaging realized to being carried out at the same time multiple and different observing patterns, i.e., need not switch back into white light photograph
Focus during emission mode, can in real time be focused and solve to work as observation in the prior art that is, there is focusing feedback mechanism
There is problem out of focus beyond the field depth of imaging system in the movement of object in the axial direction.Image information separates in the present embodiment
Device 5 is arranged on the position of the corresponding optical signal of reflected light of the reflected light that can receive laser beam and the incoherent light light beam
Put, i.e., in the transmission path of the reflected light of laser beam and the reflected light of incoherent light light beam.Fig. 1 specifically is may be referred to, it can
To be set point-blank with observation object 101, aperture 4, imaging len 3.
The present embodiment does not limit the focusing frequency of focusing mechanism 6.It can be real-time focusing or timing is right
It is burnt.The present embodiment does not limit the focusing principle of focusing mechanism 6 yet, and then does not limit the concrete structure of focusing mechanism 6 yet.Such as its
Can carry out a series of processing according to phase focusing principle to the incoherent light light beam after separation to realize focusing or root
Electric signal is corresponded to according to the incoherent light light beam being transmitted in processing unit 7 to focus using image definition principle.Focusing dress
Focusing instruction correspondence position can be moved to according to focusing result generation focusing order-driven imaging len 3 by putting 6, adjust itself and figure
As information separator 5 distance so that realize auto-focusing.
Focusing mechanism 6 can feed back to processing unit 7 after the completion of focusing, and then processing unit 7 can be completed in focusing
After obtain that clearly laser beam corresponds to electric signal or laser beam corresponds to electric signal and incoherent light light beam corresponds to electric signal,
And then follow-up graphical analysis can be carried out.For example, when focusing is completed, CPU30 of the focusing mechanism 6 into processing unit 7 is sent
The signal that focusing is completed, CPU30 are controlled after receiving the signal to image taking control circuit transmission control signal, image taking
Circuit is under control of cpu 30 controlled electronic shutter speed, frame per second, electron gain of image information separator 5 etc.
To obtain corresponding electrical signal data.Image processing circuit 33 in processing unit 7 corresponds to electric signal generation two using laser beam
(specific reconstruction two dimension blood flow velocity image and acquisition Hemodynamic environment angle value scheduling algorithm may be referred to existing skill to dimension blood flow velocity image
Art), joined using the physiology that incoherent light light beam corresponds to the reflected light image of electric signal generation observation object or calculates observation object
(the present embodiment is not defined the physiological parameter for observing object number, such as can be blood volume, blood oxygen saturation etc., has
The computational methods of body parameters may be referred to the prior art).I.e. the present embodiment can be carried out at the same time laser speckle blood current imaging,
Multiple imaging patterns such as endogenous photoimaging/white light imaging, and it is multiple to obtain blood flow velocity, blood volume, blood oxygen saturation etc. at the same time
Important physiological parameter.The present embodiment does not limit the specific location of the setting of processing unit 7.
Further, in order to improve the flexibility that blood flow imaging device handles observation object 101, optionally, it refer to figure
1, processing unit 7 can also include pattern switching electricity 31.Specifically, CPU30 according to the operation of user to mode switching circuit 31
The control signal for sending observing pattern switching controls the light illumination mode of light supply apparatus 2, such as：In laser speckle blood current imaging mould
Under conditions of formula, laser 8 is opened, and incoherent light 10 is closed；Under incoherent light imaging pattern (i.e. two-dimentional blood flow velocity image),
Laser 8 is closed, and incoherent light 10 is opened；Under the pattern that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging are carried out at the same time, swash
Light 8 and incoherent light 10 are opened at the same time.
Separated in order to realize, the wavelength of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is different in the present embodiment.That is laser light
Beam is irradiated and not interfere with each other at the same time with incoherent light light beam, because without first focusing under incoherent light, then is switched to sharp
Optical illumination carries out speckle imaging, makes imaging more convenient.Especially under conditions of long-time is observed, the timing of interval one can be set
Between carry out auto-focusing, without switching to white-light illuminating.
The blood flow imaging device of the present embodiment can be not only used for the imaging system that object lens are tight shot, it may also be used for thing
Mirror is the imaging system of zoom lens, realizes the real-time focusing of laser speckle blood current imaging.
Based on above-mentioned technical proposal, blood flow imaging device provided in this embodiment, the blood flow imaging device is believed by image
Breath separator is separated the laser beam in optical signal and incoherent light light beam so that focusing mechanism can be according to reception
The incoherent light light beam that arrives carries out auto-focusing operation, so as to fulfill when laser beam and incoherent light light beam irradiate at the same time into
Row auto-focusing, simplifies user's operation, improves user experience.
Please refer to Fig.1, in order to simplify the structure of blood flow imaging device, and the blood flow imaging device is realized two at the same time
Kind pattern, i.e., correspond to laser beam electric signal at the same time and incoherent light light beam correspond to electric signal and handles.In the present embodiment
Image information separator 5 is specially color image sensor；The wavelength band of corresponding laser beam and incoherent light light beam
It is not overlapping.
Wherein, the present embodiment is not defined the model of color image sensor, such as can be CMOS cromograms
As sensor, corresponding image taking control circuit is CMOS control circuitry 32.Subsequently in order to Fig. 1 pairs it should be noted that being
Illustrated exemplified by CMOS color image sensors, be not that this is defined certainly.Specifically, color image sensor
Position is set to may be referred to Fig. 1.
By the light that observation object 101 reflects by aperture 4 and imaging len 3 after, received by color image sensor, and will
Optical signal is converted into electric signal output to processor 7.The colored filter matrix of color image sensor is, for example, by such as Fig. 2 institutes
The Baeyer template shown is formed.The image of the picture for the observation object 101 that color image sensor photographs is anti-from observation object
The laser 8 and the light of incoherent light 10 penetrated pass through the RAW image after above-mentioned colored filter matrix；Wherein, RAW image contains
Original picture file imaging sensor generation after, into camera images processor before all photographic intelligences.
In addition, the wavelength band of the laser 8 in light supply apparatus 2 is not overlapping with the wavelength band of incoherent light 10, and
Such as in the colored filter matrix of Baeyer template composition as shown in Figure 2, laser 8 can only pass through the filter of tri- kinds of colors of R, G, B
A kind of optical filter in mating plate, while incoherent light 10 can only pass through R, G, B tri- kind face different from the optical filter through laser 8
One or two optical filter in the optical filter of color.
Preferably, for laser 8 for that can only pass through the red laser of R optical filters, incoherent light 10 is that can only pass through G optical filters
Arrowband green light, or the narrow-band blue light of B optical filters can only be passed through, or after above two narrow band light carries out conjunction beam according to a certain percentage
Light.
The red glistening light of waves can ensure the laser intensity of reflection or dispersion, be conducive to obtain blood flow velocity distributed intelligence, and carry
Rise blood-stream image signal-to-noise ratio；Blue light and green light incoherent light are located at hemoglobin absorption peak, thus by G passages, channel B or the two
The image of combination producing can be used for highlighting blood vessel structure.Can the ingenious combination using this coherent light and incoherent light, carry out
Multi-modal imaging, or by image segmentation and Image Fusion, angiosomes and the Hemodynamic environment in non-vascular region are obtained respectively
Spend information.
Illustrate the course of work of the present embodiment with the concrete structure in Fig. 1 below：
Figure of the image processing circuit 33 to the observation object 101 shot from color image sensor in processing unit 7
As being handled.For example, setting laser 8 as feux rouges, incoherent light 10 closes the light of beam formation for green light according to a certain percentage with blue light,
Under laser speckle blood current imaging and the pattern that is carried out at the same time of incoherent light imaging, image processing circuit 33 is from colour image sensing
Gray value of the extraction from the corresponding pixel position of R filter matrix forms the new image SPEC of a width in the RAW image of device,
For calculating blood flow velocity in laser speckle blood current imaging and rebuilding two-dimentional blood flow velocity image, from color image sensor
Extracting the gray value of G filter matrix and the corresponding pixel position of B filter matrix in RAW image respectively, to form two width new
G images GN1, GN2 and new B image BN of a width, for calculating the parameters such as blood volume, blood oxygen saturation and rebuilding corresponding two dimension
Image.Further, since there is two G optical filters in the Baeyer optical filtering matrix of one 2 × 2, thus by above-mentioned image GN1 and GN2 into
The new G images GN of a width is obtained after row is average.
Specifically, it for example can be to calculate to obtain using the spatial window of slip that blood flow velocity is calculated from image SPEC,
Can calculate to obtain using the time window slided, can also be combination.To calculate blood flow using the spatial window slided
Exemplified by speed, first, using the spatial window that size is N × N, it is each in the spatial neighborhood that size is N × N to calculate image SPEC
The average and standard deviation of grey scale pixel value, and calculate the ratio of the standard deviation and the average, thus calculates and is referred to as speckle and contrasts
Value；According to above-mentioned computational methods, above-mentioned spatial window is slided in the area of space of image SPEC, while calculates above-mentioned spatial window
The speckle of region contrasts value, and thus traversing graph obtains speckle and contrast image as the whole image region of SPEC；Calculate above-mentioned
Speckle contrast image each pixel position speckle contrast value square inverse or using using speckle contrast value with
The quantitative equation of electric field auto-correlation function calculates, and obtains the Hemodynamic environment angle value of corresponding pixel position, thus reconstructs two dimension
Blood flow velocity image.The method that the parameters such as blood volume, blood oxygen saturation are calculated from image GN and image BN may be referred to now
There is technology.
Further, optionally, the two-dimentional blood flowing speed information of observation object 101, and the blood oxygen saturation of two dimension are obtained
Degree information physiological parameter information etc. can be stored using data storage circuitry 34.Subsequently to be checked.
Further, optionally, processing unit further includes：Display unit, for showing the corresponding observation object of laser beam
Image and/or incoherent light light beam it is corresponding observation object image.Display unit can be shown and current operation mode phase
Corresponding image.
The present embodiment does not limit the concrete form of display unit, such as can be display 35 or display screen,
Projector equipment etc..When image and incoherent light light beam pair that the corresponding observation object of laser beam can be shown using display unit
During the image for the observation object answered, in order to improve display efficiency, laser beam pair can be shown at the same time in a display unit
The image for the observation object answered and the image of the corresponding observation object of incoherent light light beam.It can select split screen display available.Such as
The blood flow velocity image of display 35 split screen display available two dimension and blood oxygen saturation image.The present embodiment does not limit the ratio of split screen
Example, such as can be with mean allocation.Certain user can also select to show after carrying out image co-registration processing.
Based on above-mentioned technical proposal, blood flow imaging device provided in this embodiment is realized in laser beam using focusing mechanism
Auto-focusing is carried out when being irradiated at the same time with incoherent light light beam, simplifies user's operation；And can be in laser beam and incoherent light
Light beam irradiates after object to be detected at the same time extracts that laser beam corresponds to electric signal and incoherent light light beam corresponds to electric signal respectively, into
And realize and laser beam and incoherent light light beam are imaged at the same time.
Please refer to Fig.3, in order to improve the resolution ratio that laser beam corresponds to electric signal.Image information separation dress in the present embodiment
Putting 5 includes：First monochrome image sensor 5a, the second monochrome image sensor 5b and light-dividing device 40；Wherein,
Optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate 40a in light-dividing device 40；
First monochrome image sensor 5a, electric signal is corresponded to for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
Export to processing unit 7；
Second monochrome image sensor 5b, for the incoherent light separated light beam to be converted into incoherent light light beam pair
Electric signal output is answered to processing unit 7.
Wherein, such as can be reflected the incoherent light light beam in optical signal using filter plate 40a, laser beam
Transmitted (as shown in Figure 3)；Can certainly be carried out the incoherent light light beam in optical signal thoroughly using filter plate 40a
Penetrate, laser beam is reflected.The present embodiment is not defined this, if optical signal can be separated into laser beam and
Incoherent light light beam.First monochrome image sensor 5a is arranged in the transmission path for the laser beam separated, the
Two monochrome image sensor 5b are arranged in the transmission path for the incoherent light light beam separated.
Its detailed process by taking Fig. 3 as an example：The optical filter 40a of light-dividing device 40 will come from observation object 101 and reflect and pass through
The light of the component from laser 8 in the reflected light of aperture 4 and imaging len 3 is reflected, and enters the part light monochromatic
Imaging sensor 5b；And optical filter 40a will reflect and passed through the reflection of aperture 4 and imaging len 3 from observation object 101
The light of the component from incoherent light 10 in light is transmitted, and the part light is entered monochrome image sensor 5a.
Wherein, in light-dividing device 40 optical filter 40a set position can as shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment to this not into
Row limits, it can be configured according to actual conditions, as long as its light for transmiting and reflecting can be enabled to enter correspondence
Monochrome image sensor in.
Since monochrome image sensor does not have colored filter matrix, it is easier to keep the original resolution ratio of optical system.
Therefore the separation of laser beam and incoherent light light beam is realized in the present embodiment using two monochrome image sensors, can be kept
The original resolution ratio of optical system.And since monochrome image sensor does not have colored filter matrix, corresponding laser
The wave-length coverage selection free degree, which is higher than, uses color image sensor.Its in the present embodiment can be any ripple in visible-range
Long laser or near-infrared laser.
Below with the concrete structure in Fig. 3, illustrate its course of work i.e.：
Image processing circuit 33 is to the observation object from monochrome image sensor 5a and monochrome image sensor 5b shootings
The image of 101 picture is handled.For example, setting laser 8 as feux rouges, incoherent light 10 closes according to a certain percentage for green light with blue light
The light that beam is formed, under the pattern that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging are carried out at the same time, monochrome image sensor 5b
The image of shooting is used to calculate blood flow velocity in laser speckle blood current imaging and rebuilds two-dimentional blood flow velocity image, and monochrome image passes
The image of sensor 5a shootings is used for the incoherent light observation image for generating two dimension.
It for example can be using the spatial window slided that blood flow velocity is calculated from the image of monochrome image sensor 5b shootings
Calculate to obtain or calculate using the time window slided and obtain, can also be combination.To use the space slided
Exemplified by window calculates blood flow velocity, first, using the spatial window that size is N × N, the image that monochrome image sensor 5b is shot is calculated
The average and standard deviation of each grey scale pixel value in the spatial neighborhood that size is N × N, and calculate the standard deviation and the average
Ratio, thus calculates and is referred to as the value that speckle contrasts；According to above-mentioned computational methods, in the image of monochrome image sensor 5b shootings
Area of space in slide above-mentioned spatial window, while the speckle for calculating above-mentioned spatial window region contrasts value, and thus traversal is singly
The whole image region of the image of color image sensor 5b shootings, obtains speckle and contrasts image；Calculate above-mentioned speckle and contrast figure
Each pixel position speckle of picture contrast value square inverse, obtain the Hemodynamic environment angle value of corresponding pixel position, by
This reconstructs the blood flow velocity image of two dimension.
Thus, the method more than, obtains the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of observation object 101, and the non-phase of two dimension
Dry light image etc., can be stored using data storage circuitry 34, and in the display of display 35 and current operation mode phase
Corresponding image.Such as under the pattern that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging are carried out at the same time, 35 split screen of display
Show incoherent light image of the blood flow velocity image of two dimension with absorbing generation to incoherent light by endogenic sensual pleasure group.Locate
Manage device 7 according to the operating mode that user selects to the image from monochrome image sensor 5a and monochrome image sensor 5b into
The corresponding processing of row, and handling result is stored and shown.
Please refer to Fig.4, in order to which shallow-layer blood vessel and middle level blood vessel are distinguished.Image information separator in the present embodiment
5 include：3rd monochrome image sensor 5d, the 4th color image sensor 5c and light-dividing device 40；Wherein,
Optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate 40a in light-dividing device 40；
3rd monochrome image sensor 5d, electric signal is corresponded to for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam
Export to processing unit 7；
4th color image sensor 5c, for the incoherent light separated light beam to be converted into incoherent light light beam pair
Electric signal output is answered to processing unit 7.
Wherein, such as can be reflected the incoherent light light beam in optical signal using filter plate 40a, laser beam
Transmitted (as shown in Figure 4)；Can certainly be carried out the incoherent light light beam in optical signal thoroughly using filter plate 40a
Penetrate, laser beam is reflected.The present embodiment is not defined this, if optical signal can be separated into laser beam and
Incoherent light light beam.3rd monochrome image sensor 5d is arranged in the transmission path for the laser beam separated, the
Four color image sensor 5c are arranged in the transmission path for the incoherent light light beam separated.
Its detailed process by taking Fig. 4 as an example：The optical filter 40a of light-dividing device 40 will come from observation object 101 and reflect and pass through
The light of the component from laser 8 in the reflected light of aperture 4 and imaging len 3 is transmitted, and enters the part light monochromatic
Imaging sensor 5d；And optical filter 40a will reflect and passed through the reflection of aperture 4 and imaging len 3 from observation object 101
The light of the component from incoherent light 10 in light is reflected, and the part light is entered color image sensor 5c.
Since the reflected light of blue light and green light incoherent light is received by monochrome image sensor, a monochrome image is formed,
For observing biological tissue's physiological status.What the gray scale of this monochrome image reflected is the absorption color group in biological tissue
To the degree of absorption of blue light and green light.The benefit of this mode is exactly high resolution, but be disadvantageous in that cannot be from achromatic map
Blue light is distinguished as in and green light acts on the influence of generation respectively, that is, cannot be distinguished by shallow-layer blood vessel and middle level blood vessel.And the present embodiment
Middle to use color image sensor 5c, its benefit is can be distinguished shallow-layer blood vessel and middle level blood vessel by way of image procossing
Coming, (penetration depth of blue light is shallow, for shallow-layer blood vessel imaging；Green light penetration depth is relatively deep, for middle level blood vessel
Imaging), for medical diagnosis on disease.In this case the problem of corresponding resolution ratio reduces can make up part point by interpolation algorithm
The loss of resolution.
Wherein, in light-dividing device 40 optical filter 40a set position can as shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment to this not into
Row limits, it can be configured according to actual conditions, as long as its light for transmiting and reflecting can be enabled to enter correspondence
Monochrome image sensor in.
Below with the concrete structure in Fig. 4, illustrate its course of work i.e.：
Image processing circuit 33 is to the observation object from monochrome image sensor 5d and color image sensor 5c shootings
The image of 101 picture is handled.For example, setting laser 8 as feux rouges, incoherent light 10 closes according to a certain percentage for green light with blue light
The light that beam is formed, under the pattern that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging are carried out at the same time, monochrome image sensor 5d
The image of shooting is used to calculate blood flow velocity in laser speckle blood current imaging and rebuilds two-dimentional blood flow velocity image, and coloured image passes
The image of sensor 5c shootings is used to calculate the parameters such as blood volume, blood oxygen saturation and rebuilds corresponding two dimensional image.
Thus, the method more than, obtains the two-dimentional blood flowing speed information of observation object 101, and the blood of two dimension
Oxygen saturation information etc., can be stored using data storage circuitry 34, and in the display of display 35 and work at present mould
The corresponding image of formula.Such as under the pattern that laser speckle blood current imaging and incoherent light imaging are carried out at the same time, display 35
The blood flow velocity image of split screen display available two dimension and blood oxygen saturation image.The operating mode pair that processing unit 7 is selected according to user
Image from monochrome image sensor 5d and color image sensor 5c is handled accordingly, and handling result is deposited
Storage and display.
Fig. 5 is refer to, image information separator 5 includes in the present embodiment：51 and the 5th monochrome image of dichroscope passes
Sensor 52；Wherein,
Dichroscope 51, for laser beam in optical signal to be transmitted, incoherent light light beam is reflected；
5th monochrome image sensor 52, the laser beam for dichroscope to be transmitted are converted into laser beam and correspond to electricity
Signal output is to the processing unit 7.
Wherein, dichroscope (Dichroic Mirrors) is also known as dichroic mirror, is usually used in laser technology.It is its main feature is that right
The light of certain wavelength almost passes through, and the light of other wavelength is almost reflected.The present embodiment utilizes dichroscope
This characteristic the laser beam in optical signal and incoherent light light beam are separated.Specifically, dichroscope 51 believes light
Laser beam is transmitted in number, and incoherent light light beam is reflected.5th monochrome image sensor 52 is arranged on dichroscope
In the transmission path of the laser beam of transmission.The incoherent light light beam of dichroscope reflection, which enters in focusing mechanism 6, fills focusing
Put 6 and imaging len auto-focusing described in order-driven of focusing is generated according to incoherent light light beam.
Please refer to Fig.1, focusing mechanism 6 includes：Focusing counting circuit 20, motor control circuit 21 and transfer member 22；Its
In, transfer member 22 is fixedly connected with imaging len 3；
Focus counting circuit 20, for using incoherent light light beam corresponds to electric signal calculating image clarity values, and according to
Image clarity values determine the driving parameter of motor control circuit 21；
Motor control circuit 21, for driving imaging len 3 along vertical imaging according to driving state modulator transfer member 22
Move in lens direction.
Specifically, the concrete structure of specific transfer member 22 is not limited in the present embodiment, as long as that is, it can be in horse
Imaging len 3 is driven to be moved along vertical imaging len direction under up to the driving of control circuit 21.Optionally, transfer member 22
It can be rack-and-pinion transfer member, or screw transfer member.Please refer to Fig.1 the biography of i.e. gear 22b racks 22a compositions
Send component.I.e. motor control circuit 21 controls gear 22b to rotate, and gear 22b bands carry-over bar 22a is moved up and down, so drive with
The imaging len 3 that rack 22a is fixedly connected is moved up and down along vertical imaging len direction, realizes auto-focusing.
The present embodiment does not limit the concrete structure of specific focusing counting circuit 20 and motor control circuit 21, it can be with
With reference to the prior art.
Please refer to Fig.1 and illustrate specific focusing principle by taking color image sensor as an example：Focusing in focusing mechanism 6 calculates
Circuit 20, to the G color channel images of color image sensor, or B color channel image, or G color channel images and B colors
Channel image with combined according to certain mapping mode the new image to be formed carry out e.g. gradient calculate as image it is clear
Clear angle value calculates, and controls motor control circuit 21 according to the image clarity values, and motor control circuit 21 is calculated according to focusing
The control of circuit 20 controls the gear 22b of motor 22 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, thus drive the rack 22a of motor 22 to
Above or move down.Imaging len 3 is fixed with rack 22, is thus moved under the movement of rack 22a, realizes focusing.
When focusing is completed, focusing counting circuit 20 CPU into processing unit 7 sends the signal that focusing is completed, and CPU is received
Control signal is sent to CMOS control circuitry 32 after the signal, CMOS control circuitry 32 under the control of cpu passes coloured image
The electronic shutter speed of sensor, frame per second, electron gain etc. are controlled.
Fig. 5 is refer to, in order to further improve the accuracy of focusing, phase can be utilized to focus.Specific the present embodiment
Middle focusing mechanism 6 includes：Focusing light path 23, focusing counting circuit 20A, motor control circuit 21 and transfer member 22；Its
In, transfer member 22 is fixedly connected with imaging len 3；
Focusing light path 23, for the optical signal for filtering out laser beam to be divided into two-way light path, and calculates correspond to respectively
Phase；
Focus counting circuit 20A, and the phase difference for calculating phase determines the driving parameter of motor control circuit 21；
Motor control circuit 21, for driving imaging len 3 along vertical imaging according to driving state modulator transfer member 22
Move in lens direction.
Specifically, the concrete structure of specific transfer member 22 is not limited in the present embodiment, as long as that is, it can be in horse
Imaging len 3 is driven to be moved along vertical imaging len direction under up to the driving of control circuit 21.Optionally, transfer member 22
Can be rack-and-pinion transfer member or screw transfer member.Please refer to Fig.1 the transfer member of i.e. gear 22b racks 22a compositions.
I.e. motor control circuit 21 controls gear 22b to rotate, and gear 22b bands carry-over bar 22a is moved up and down, and then is driven and rack 22a
The imaging len 3 being fixedly connected is moved up and down along vertical imaging len direction, realizes auto-focusing.
The present embodiment is not limited specifically to focusing light path 23, Jiao counting circuit 20A and motor control circuit 21
Concrete structure, it may be referred to the prior art.
It refer to Fig. 5 and illustrate principle of specifically focusing by taking color image sensor as an example：
Automatic focusing mechanism 6 is to implement focusing control by phase calculation.The input light for light path 23 of focusing is come
From the light reflected back in light splitting piece or dichroscope.Illustrated below by taking light splitting piece as an example, such as light splitting piece will come from
Observation object 101 is reflected and is divided by the illumination light of imaging len 3 and aperture 4, is conducted into focusing light path 23.
Focusing light path 23 filters out the light of the laser beam wave band in the light from light splitting piece 24 by optical filter, and focuses
Light path 23 for example can be that the above-mentioned light from light splitting piece 24 and the light for having filtered out laser beam wave band is divided into two beams
Light, and it is configured with the light path of the two-beam light path of plus lens and phase detection device.The counting circuit 20A that focuses is calculated
By the phase difference of the phase of phase detection device detection, thereby determine that imaging len 3 needs the direction that adjusts and distance, and by this
Information is sent to motor control circuit 21, and motor control circuit 21 controls motor 22 according to the control of focusing counting circuit 20A
Gear 22b rotate direction and angle, rack 22a move up or down imaging len 3 under the drive of gear 22b.
Thus, imaging len 3 realizes auto-focusing according to the control of automatic focusing mechanism 6A.
Auto-focusing algorithm is directed in the present embodiment carries out phase calculation by incoherent light generation or derivative image, effectively
Cover of the laser speckle to the structural information of the picture of observation object is avoided, ensure that focusing accuracy.
Endoscope provided in an embodiment of the present invention is introduced below, endoscope described below and above-described blood
Flow imaging device can correspond reference.
The present invention also provides a kind of endoscope, including：Blood flow imaging device as described in above-mentioned any embodiment.
A kind of blood flow imaging device provided by the present invention and endoscope are described in detail above.It is used herein
Specific case is set forth the principle of the present invention and embodiment, to understand the explanation of above example is only intended to helping
The method and its core concept of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, this is not being departed from
On the premise of inventive principle, some improvement and modification can also be carried out to the present invention, these are improved and modification also falls into the present invention
In scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
- A kind of 1. blood flow imaging device, it is characterised in that including：It is light supply apparatus, imaging len, image information separator, right Coke installation and processing unit；Wherein：The light supply apparatus is to observation object outgoing laser beams and incoherent light light beam；The imaging len is located at by the reflected light of the laser beam of the observation object reflection and by the observation object reflection Incoherent light light beam reflected light bang path on；Through described image information separator by the reflected light of the laser beam and the reflected light pair of the incoherent light light beam The optical signal answered is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam, and the laser beam after separation is converted into laser beam and is corresponded to Electric signal；Focusing mechanism imaging len auto-focusing according to the incoherent light light beam generation focusing order-driven after separation；The processing unit corresponds to the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image of the electric signal generation observation object using the laser beam.
- 2. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image information separator is cromogram As sensor；The wavelength band of the corresponding laser beam and the incoherent light light beam is not overlapping.
- 3. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image information separator includes：The One monochrome image sensor, the second monochrome image sensor and light-dividing device；Wherein,The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；First monochrome image sensor, for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam, to correspond to electric signal defeated Go out to the processing unit；Second monochrome image sensor, corresponds to for the incoherent light separated light beam to be converted into incoherent light light beam Electric signal output is to the processing unit.
- 4. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image information separator includes：The Three monochrome image sensors, the 4th color image sensor and light-dividing device；Wherein,The optical signal is separated into laser beam and incoherent light light beam by the filter plate in the light-dividing device；3rd monochrome image sensor, for the laser beam separated to be converted into laser beam, to correspond to electric signal defeated Go out to the processing unit；4th color image sensor, corresponds to for the incoherent light separated light beam to be converted into incoherent light light beam Electric signal output is to the processing unit.
- 5. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image information separator includes：Two To Look mirror and the 5th monochrome image sensor；Wherein,The dichroscope, for laser beam in the optical signal to be transmitted, incoherent light light beam is reflected；5th monochrome image sensor, the laser beam for the dichroscope to be transmitted are converted into laser beam correspondence Electric signal output is to the processing unit.
- 6. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the focusing mechanism includes：Focusing calculates electricity Road, motor control circuit and transfer member；Wherein, the transfer member is fixedly connected with the imaging len；The focusing counting circuit, image clarity values, and root are calculated for corresponding to electric signal using the incoherent light light beam The driving parameter of the motor control circuit is determined according to described image definition values；The motor control circuit, drives the imaging len edge to hang down for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator The straight imaging len direction movement.
- 7. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the focusing mechanism includes：Focusing detection light Road, focusing counting circuit, motor control circuit and transfer member；Wherein, the transfer member is fixed with the imaging len and connected Connect；The focusing light path, for the optical signal for filtering out the laser beam to be divided into two-way light path, and calculating pair respectively The phase answered；The focusing counting circuit, the phase difference for calculating the phase determine the driving parameter of the motor control circuit；The motor control circuit, drives the imaging len edge to hang down for the transfer member according to the driving state modulator The straight imaging len direction movement.
- 8. the blood flow imaging device according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the transfer member passes for rack-and-pinion Send component or screw transfer member.
- 9. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the processing unit further includes：Display unit, For showing the two-dimentional blood flow velocity image.
- 10. blood flow imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light supply apparatus further includes：Photo-coupler Part and light-conductive optic fibre；Wherein,The LMDS Light Coupled Device, for the laser beam and the incoherent light light beam to be coupled；The light-conductive optic fibre, be used for transmission coupling after light beam, and the light emitting end of the light-conductive optic fibre to it is described observation pair The light beam after being coupled as transmitting.
- A kind of 11. endoscope, it is characterised in that including：Such as claim 1-10 any one of them blood flow imaging devices.
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