Specific embodiment
The utility model is more fully retouched below with reference to relevant drawings for the ease of understanding the utility model,
It states.The preferred embodiment of the utility model is given in attached drawing.But the utility model can come in many different forms in fact
It is existing, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is makes public affairs to the utility model
It is more thorough and comprehensive to open content.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein are led with the technology for belonging to the utility model
The normally understood meaning of the technical staff in domain is identical.Terminology used in the description of the utility model herein only be
The purpose of description specific embodiment, it is not intended that in limitation the utility model.Term " and or " used herein includes
Any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
In order to which the antenna beamwidth for solving traditional is unadjustable, it is difficult to which the problem of meeting practical covering scene, this is practical
New embodiment provides a kind of antenna that beam angle is variable, and Fig. 1 is the antenna that beam angle is variable in one embodiment
First structure diagram.As shown in Figure 1, including phase shifter 110, beam switchover device 120 and radiation appliance 130;Radiation dress
Setting 130 includes the first radiating element 132 and multiple second radiating elements 134;Phase shifter 110 has multiple output ports and passes through
Multiple output ports connect one to one with each second radiating element 134;Beam switchover device 120 includes input branch 122, the
One output branch 124, second exports branch 126 and switching switch 128.
The output port of first output branch 124 is connected with the input port of phase shifter 110;First output branch 124
It is connected between input port and the output port of input branch 122 by switching switch 128;The output of second output branch 126
Port is connected with the first radiating element 132;The output port phase of the input port and input branch 122 of second output branch 126
Even.
Wherein, phase shifter 110 refers to the control element of control signal phase variation.Phase shifter 110 can be digital
Phase shifter, be also possible to analog phase shifter.Radiation appliance 130 refers to that Net long wave radiation or radio wave can be received
Device.First radiating element 132 can be oscillator unit, be also possible to chip unit.Second radiating element 134 can be oscillator
Unit is also possible to chip unit.The quantity of first radiating element 132 is at least one.Preferably, the first radiating element 132
Quantity be one.Beam switchover device 120 refers to the device of changeable control output end.Beam switchover device 120 is cut
It changes control and can be manual operation and switch over control, existing computer program can also be run, pass through instruction operation and realize
Switching control.Switching switch 128 can be used to the disconnection switched between the second output branch 126 and input branch 122 or couple phase
Even.The switching for switching switch 128 can move switching switch 128 by artificially manually controlling, and can also be operated by instruction
Switching switch 128 is automatically controlled to be moved.
Specifically, the input port for inputting branch 122 is used for input signal.The output port of input branch 122 can pass through
Switching switch 128 is connected with the input port of the first output branch 124.The output port and phase shifter of first output branch 124
110 input port is connected.The output port of second output branch 126 is connected with the first radiating element 132.Second output branch
126 input port and input branch 122 output port can be connected directly, second output branch 126 input port with
The output port for inputting branch 122 can also be connected by switching device.Pass through switching switch 128 switching the first output branch
Connection status between 124 input port and the output port for inputting branch 122 is, it can be achieved that the second output branch 126
The on-off of output port controls.For example, first output branch 124 input port and input branch 122 output port it
Between by switching switch 128 coupling be connected when, first output branch 124 output port be connected, by each output of phase shifter 110
End connects one to one with each second radiating element 134, and when the input terminal of phase shifter 110 is connected, each second radiating element is connected
134 connection.First output branch 124 input port and input branch 122 output port it is separated when, first is defeated
The output port of out branch 124 disconnects, and then each second radiating element 134 does not work.
Further, between the input port of the first output branch 124 and the output port for inputting branch 122 by cutting
Change switch 128 coupling be connected when, switching switch 128 respectively with first output branch 124, input branch 122 fit closely.
Switch switch 128 at the first switching state (the output port conducting of the i.e. second output branch 126), beam switchover device 120
Only it is connected with the first radiating element 132, mode of the Antenna Operation in broad beam;Switch switch 128 in the second switching state (i.e. the
The output port conducting of one output branch 124) when, beam switchover device 120 is connected with each second radiating element 134, antenna work
Make the mode in narrow beam.Switch switch 128 in the third switching state (output port and second of the i.e. first output branch 124
Export the output port of branch 126) when, beam switchover device 120 and all radiating elements (the first radiating element 132 and Ge
Two radiating elements 134) it is connected, mode of the Antenna Operation in narrow beam.Under narrow beam mode, all radiating elements (first
Radiating element 132 and each second radiating element 134) by being connected with phase shifter 110, realize that the angle of declination of antenna is adjusted.
It in a specific embodiment, further include substrate;Substrate includes the first plate face and opposite with the first plate face
Second plate face;Second plate face is for being grounded.Input branch, the first output branch and the second output branch are separately positioned on the first plate
Face.
Wherein, for substrate for carrying fixed circuit, substrate can be ceramic circuit board, aluminum base circuit board, PCB (Printed
Circuit Board, printed circuit board) plate etc., it is preferred that substrate is pcb board.Further, substrate is dual platen.
Specifically, fixed circuit may be provided on substrate, can coat green oil in the first plate face of substrate or pad pasting reaches phase
The effect mutually to insulate.Walking circuit may also be arranged on another piece of substrate.
It should be noted that metal structure can also be used in fixed circuit and walking circuit, used on the surface of metal structure
The insulation of the techniques such as hard anodizing.
In a specific embodiment, inputting branch, the first output branch and the second output branch is fixed circuit;
Switching switch is can be relative to fixed circuit activity, the walking circuit to be of coupled connections or disconnect with fixed circuit.
Specifically, fixed circuit refers to immovable circuit.Walking circuit refers to moveable circuit.Mobile electricity
Road can be used for being of coupled connections with fixed circuit.
Further, fixed circuit can be also possible to strip lines configuration with microstrip line construction.Walking circuit can be with microstrip line
Structure is also possible to strip lines configuration.
In a specific embodiment, the second radiating element may be provided at close, the connection corresponding output end of phase shifter
One end, and then putting in order for the output end according to phase shifter is arranged.For example, the quantity of the second radiating element
It is 2, then a radiating element connects the first output end of phase shifter, and is positioned close to the one end of first output end;
Another radiating element connects the second output terminal of phase shifter, and is positioned close to the one end of the second output terminal.First spoke
Penetrating unit may be provided at a side of close any second radiating element.For example, settable second radiation of the first radiating element is single
A side of member, wherein second radiating element is the radiating element for connecting the first output end of the second phase shifter.
Preferably, the quantity of the second radiating element is at least two.
In above-described embodiment, the output port based on the first output branch is connected with the input port of phase shifter, input terminal
Mouth is connected with the output port of input branch.The output port of second output branch is connected with the first radiating element, input port
It is connected between the output port of input branch by switching switch.Each output port of phase shifter and each second radiating element one
One is correspondingly connected with.When switching switch is in the first switching state, beam switchover device is only connected with the first radiating element, antenna work
Make the mode in broad beam;Beam switchover device is in the second switching state, beam switchover device and each second radiating element phase
Even, mode of the Antenna Operation in narrow beam.Beam switchover device is in third switching state, beam switchover device and all radiation
Unit (the first radiating element with each second radiating element) is connected, mode of the Antenna Operation in narrow beam.Under narrow beam mode,
Radiating element realizes that the angle of declination of antenna is adjusted by being connected with phase shifter.Change the vertical of antenna by beam switchover device
Surface wave beam width is suitble to different covering scenes.
In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, providing a kind of antenna that beam angle is variable, including phase shifter 210,
Beam switchover device 220 and radiation appliance 230;Radiation appliance 230 includes the first radiating element 232 and each second radiating element
234;Beam switchover device 220 includes that input branch 222, first exports the output branch 226 of branch 224, second and switching switch
228。
The output port of first output branch 224 is connected with the input port of phase shifter 210;First output branch 224
It is connected between input port and the output port of input branch 222 by switching switch 228;The output of second output branch 226
Port is connected with the first radiating element 232;The output port of the input port and input branch 222 of second output branch 226 is straight
It connects connected.
Wherein, input branch 222 can be transmission line, such as can be microstrip line or strip line.First output branch 224
It can be transmission line, such as can be microstrip line or strip line.Second output branch 226 can be transmission line, such as can be
Microstrip line or strip line.Preferably, switching switch 228 is single-pole single-throw(SPST switching switch.
Further, the second output branch 226 is connected with the first radiating element 232, the first output branch 224 and phase shifter
210 input terminal is connected, and is connected by each output end of phase shifter 210 with each second radiating element 234 one-to-one correspondence.It is cutting
When changing the disconnection of switch 228, beam switchover device 220 is connected by the second output branch 226 with the first radiating element 232, the shape
There was only the work of the first radiating element 232 under state, Antenna Operation is in broad beam state, for example, antenna can be obtained according to actual measurement
Vertical beamwidth be about 65 °;When switching the closure of switch 228, beam switchover device 220 passes through the second output branch 226
It is connected with the first radiating element 232, is connected by the first output branch 224 with the input terminal of phase shifter 210, passes through phase shifter
210 each output end is connected with each second radiating element 234 one-to-one correspondence, and all radiating elements work together under the state,
For example, as shown in Fig. 2, the vertical beamwidth of antenna is about 14 °, Antenna Operation when the quantity of the second radiating element is 4
In the mode of narrow beam.Under narrow beam mode, the second radiating element 234 is connected by the output end with phase shifter, 5 radiation
The phase of unit (1 the first radiating element and 4 the second radiating elements) is in arithmetic progression, realizes that the angle of declination of antenna is adjusted.
In one embodiment, switching switch is single-pole single-throw(SPST switching switch, and beam switchover device is in the first switching state
When structural schematic diagram it is as shown in Figure 3.Structural schematic diagram of the beam switchover device in third switching state is as shown in Figure 4.Wave
The handoff procedure of beam switching device 31 is as follows:
Switching switch 320 can control linear motion.Fixed circuit 310 includes that input branch 312, first exports branch 314
With the second output branch 316.First output branch 314 is the fixed circuit of L-type, and the shape of input branch 312 is L-type, and second is defeated
The shape of out branch 316 is strip, inputs branch 312 and the second output branch 316 constitutes one section of U-shaped fixed circuit, L-type is solid
Determine circuit and U-shaped fixed circuit is non-intersecting, switching switch 320 is L-type walking circuit.
As shown in figure 3, (walking circuit 320 and fixed circuit 310 are disconnected when beam switchover device 31 is the first switching state
Open), L-type walking circuit and the U-shaped fixed circuit for cutting switch 320 are non-intersecting, and signal is inputted by input branch 312, by second
It exports branch 316 to export, and then the first radiating element is connected.
As shown in figure 4, (switching switch 320 and fixed 310 coupling of circuit when beam switchover device 31 is third switching state
Conjunction is connected), the L-type walking circuit for switching switch 320 fixes circuit coupling with the U-shaped fixed circuit of fixed circuit 310 and L-type simultaneously
It closes and is connected, signal is inputted by input branch 312, is exported by the first output branch 314 and the second output branch 316.At this point, wave beam
Switching device 31 is equivalent to the power splitter of one-to-two, is connected respectively with the input terminal of phase shifter and the first radiating element.Pass through wave
The state of beam switching device 31 switches, to realize that antennas orthogonal surface wave beam width is variable.
It should be pointed out that the radiation appliance of antenna shown in the present embodiment is included as 5 radiating elements (1 the first spoke
Penetrate unit and 4 the second radiating elements), radiating element is increased or decreased on the basis of the application, can also realize vertical plane wave beam
The function of variable-width, therefore be not unfolded to be discussed in detail.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 5, providing a kind of antenna that beam angle is variable, including phase shifter 510,
Beam switchover device 520 and radiation appliance 530;Radiation appliance 530 includes the first radiating element 532 and each second radiating element
534;Beam switchover device 520 includes that input branch 522, first exports the output branch 526 of branch 524, second and switching switch
528。
The output port of first output branch 524 is connected with the input port of phase shifter 510;First output branch 524
It is connected between input port and the output port of input branch 522 by switching switch 528;The output of second output branch 526
Port is connected with the first radiating element 232;Second output branch 526 input port and input branch 222 output port it
Between by switching switch be connected.
Wherein, switching switch 520 is single-pole double throw switching switch.
It specifically, include 6 the second radiating elements 534 in the embodiment, wherein the second output branch 526 and the first radiation
Unit 532 is connected, and the first output branch 524 is connected with the input terminal of phase shifter 510, and passes through each output end of phase shifter 510
It is connected with each second radiating element 534 one-to-one correspondence.The switching switch 528 of beam switchover device 520 gets to the second output branch
When 526, beam switchover device 520 is connected by the second output branch 526 with the first radiating element 532, there was only the under the state
The work of one radiating element 532, Antenna Operation is in broad beam state, such as the vertical beamwidth of antenna is about 65 °;Wave beam is cut
When the switching switch 528 of changing device 520 gets to the first output branch 524, beam switchover device 520 passes through the first output branch
524 are connected with the input terminal of phase shifter 510, are corresponded by each output end of phase shifter 510 and each second radiating element 534
It is connected.5 the second radiating elements 534 work together, and all radiating elements work together under the state, for example, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, when the quantity of the second radiating element is 5, the vertical beamwidth of antenna is about 14 °, mould of the Antenna Operation in narrow beam
Formula.Under narrow beam mode, the second radiating element 534 with the output end of phase shifter 510 by being connected, 5 the second radiating elements
Phase be arithmetic progression, realize antenna angle of declination adjust.
In a specific embodiment, the shape for inputting branch is L-type;The shape of first output branch is L-type;Second
The shape for exporting branch is long strip type.
Specifically, input branch, the first output branch and the second output branch are in the same plane, and input branch includes
First input section and the second input section.First input section and the second input section constitute L-type.First output branch includes the first output
Section and the second deferent segment.First deferent segment and the second deferent segment constitute L-type.Input the first input section, the first output branch of branch
First deferent segment on road and the first output branch are to be parallel to each other.Input branch the second deferent segment and the first output branch the
Two deferent segments are located along the same line.By on the shape and structure to input branch, the first output branch and the second output branch
Design be conducive to produce in enormous quantities so that the antenna structure of the present embodiment is simplified.
In a specific embodiment, the shape for switching switch is L-type.
Specifically, switching switch is shaped to L-type, is conducive to be bonded with fixed circuitry in close.
In one embodiment, switching switch is single-pole double throw switching switch, and beam switchover device is in the first switching state
When structural schematic diagram it is as shown in Figure 6.Structural schematic diagram of the beam switchover device in the second switching state is as shown in Figure 7.Wave
The handoff procedure of beam switching device 61 is as follows:
Switching switch 620 can move along a straight line up and down.Fixed circuit 610 includes that input branch 612, first exports branch 614
With the second output branch 616.First output branch 610 is the fixed circuit of L-type, and the shape of input branch 612 is L-type, and second is defeated
The shape of out branch 616 is strip, and the first output branch 614, second exports branch 616 and the mutual not phase of input branch 612
Even, switching switch 620 is L-type walking circuit.
As shown in fig. 6, (switching switch 620 is propped up with input respectively when beam switchover device 61 is in the first switching state
Road 612, second exports the coupling of branch 616 and is connected), the L-type walking circuit of switching switch 620 passes through the fixed circuit that is of coupled connections
610 input branch 612 and the second output branch 616, signal are inputted by input branch 612, defeated by the second output branch 616
Out, and then the first radiating element is connected.
As shown in fig. 7, when beam switchover device 61 is in the second switching state (switching switch 620 respectively with input branch
612, the first output coupling of branch 614 is connected), the L-type walking circuit of switching switch 620 inputs branch 612 by being of coupled connections
And the first output branch 614, signal inputs by input branch 612, is exported by the first output branch 614.Phase shifter is connected, in turn
The connection of the second radiating element is connected.Switched by the state of beam switchover device, to realize antennas orthogonal surface wave beam width
It is variable.
It should be pointed out that the radiation appliance of antenna shown in the present embodiment is included as 6 radiating elements (1 the first spoke
Penetrate unit and 5 the second radiating elements), radiating element is increased or decreased on the basis of the application, can also realize vertical plane wave beam
The function of variable-width, therefore be not unfolded to be discussed in detail.
In above-described embodiment, changes the vertical beamwidth of antenna by beam switchover device, be suitble to different coverings
Scene.The nonadjustable mode of traditional antenna vertical beamwidth is changed, by the way that beam switchover device is arranged in antennas, from
And realize that antennas orthogonal surface wave beam width is variable.The variable antenna of the beam angle of the present embodiment can be applied to different covering fields
Scape, and Antenna Design is simple, is suitble to produce in enormous quantities.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
Above-described embodiments merely represent several embodiments of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed,
But it cannot be understood as the limitations to utility model patent range.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are belonged to
The protection scope of the utility model.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the utility model patent.